Prevalence Of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Research Articles

Machine learning-based comparison of factors influencing estimated glomerular filtration rate in Chinese women with or without non-alcoholic fatty liver.

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) has increased recently. Subjects with NAFLD are known to have higher chance for renal function impairment. Many past studies used traditional multiple linear regression (MLR) to identify risk factors for decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, medical research is increasingly relying on emerging machine learning (Mach-L) methods. The present study enrolled healthy women to identify factors affecting eGFR in subjects with and without NAFLD (NAFLD+, NAFLD-) and to rank their importance. To uses three different Mach-L methods to identify key impact factors for eGFR in healthy women with and without NAFLD. A total of 65535 healthy female study participants were enrolled from the Taiwan MJ cohort, accounting for 32 independent variables including demographic, biochemistry and lifestyle parameters (independent variables), while eGFR was used as the dependent variable. Aside from MLR, three Mach-L methods were applied, including stochastic gradient boosting, eXtreme gradient boosting and elastic net. Errors of estimation were used to define method accuracy, where smaller degree of error indicated better model performance. Income, albumin, eGFR, High density lipoprotein-Cholesterol, phosphorus, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and sleep time were all lower in the NAFLD+ group, while other factors were all significantly higher except for smoking area. Mach-L had lower estimation errors, thus outperforming MLR. In Model 1, age, uric acid (UA), FEV1, plasma calcium level (Ca), plasma albumin level (Alb) and T-bilirubin were the most important factors in the NAFLD+ group, as opposed to age, UA, FEV1, Alb, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and Ca for the NAFLD- group. Given the importance percentage was much higher than the 2nd important factor, we built Model 2 by removing age. The eGFR were lower in the NAFLD+ group compared to the NAFLD- group, with age being was the most important impact factor in both groups of healthy Chinese women, followed by LDH, UA, FEV1 and Alb. However, for the NAFLD- group, TSH and SBP were the 5th and 6th most important factors, as opposed to Ca and BF in the NAFLD+ group.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with significant hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Background and aimsNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an inflammatory form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, can progress to advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) parallels the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/NASH and increases patients’ risk of advanced liver disease. This study aimed to determine whether MetS was associated with the histological progression of NASH. MethodsPatients with liver biopsy-proven NASH were retrospectively screened and categorized into two groups for each histological feature: with (<2 points) or without (≥2 points) significant hepatic steatosis/inflammation/fibrosis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between MetS and histological features. ResultsIn total, 386 patients with a median age of 33.0 years were enrolled; among them, 35.2% were female, and 41.2% had MetS. The proportion of significant hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in those with MetS was significantly higher than in those without MetS (p < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that MetS remained significantly associated with significant hepatic fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio: 1.852, 95% confidence interval: 1.042–3.292, p = 0.036), and severe hepatic steatosis (adjusted odds ratio: 2.008, 95% confidence interval: 1.030–3.914, p = 0.041). ConclusionMetS was associated with significant hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in patients with NASH. Our results suggest that NASH patients with MetS should be closely monitored and given targeted intervention and treatment, which may help to prevent disease progression and mitigate the growing burden of NASH.

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver in the general Dutch population and in groups at increased risk

Background and aimNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as a liver fat content ≥5.56%. It is of clinical interest to know the prevalence of NAFLD in people with a combination of metabolic risk factors. We aimed to examine the prevalence of NAFLD, including groups with metabolic risk factors. Methods and resultsIn this cross-sectional analysis of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study, liver fat content was assessed using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS). Participants with excessive alcohol consumption or missing values were excluded, leaving a total of 1570 participants for the analyses.Mean (SD) age of the population was 55 years, BMI 25.9 (4.0) kg/m2 and 46% were men. The prevalence of NAFLD was 27% (95% CI 24–30). The prevalence of NAFLD was increased in participants with hypertriglyceridemia (57%, 52–63), obesity (62%, 58–66) and diabetes (69%, 61–77). The prevalence of NAFLD was highest in those with diabetes and obesity (79%, 71–87), obesity and hypertriglyceridemia (81%, 76–86) and with diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia (86%, 77–95). NAFLD was also present in 12% (8-16) of participants without overweight. ConclusionsThe prevalence of NAFLD in a middle-aged population in the Netherlands in 2010 was 27%. The prevalence of NAFLD is particularly increased in individuals with diabetes, obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia. This information may help clinicians and general practitioners in the risk stratification of their patients in daily practice.

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver and its related factors in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a systemic disorder with a complex multifactorial and heterogeneous pathogenesis and has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in many countries around the world. Numerous studies in Iran have presented different results on the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD, in this study, which has been done in a systematic review and meta-analysis, provides a good estimate of the prevalence and risk factors of the disease in Iran. Following the peer review of electronic search strategies (PRESS and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses [PRISMA] statement, we searched Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Persian scientific searcher (Elmnet) from inception to September 19, 2022. In the present study, 71 articles were reviewed for qualitative and meta-analysis. The overall mean prevalence of NAFLD in children studies was 22.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.9% to 33.9%). The prevalence was notably higher in adult studies 40.5% (95% CI: 35.1% to 46%). In 24 studies, the association between NAFLD and sex was reported, 10 of which showed significant relationships. Out of 46 studies observed that NAFLD prevalence increased significantly with body mass index (BMI). Eight out of 14 studies reported significant associations between FBS and NAFLD in children's studies. Though Iran has a high NAFLD prevalence compared to most areas, and due to the unfavorable situation of risk factors contributing to the NAFLD, it is necessary to take the necessary interventions to control these risk factors and prevent NAFLD.

In vivo grading of lipids in fatty liver by near-infrared autofluorescence and reflectance.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is rapidly increasing worldwide. When untreated, it may lead to complications such as liver cirrhosis or hepatocarcinoma. The diagnosis of NAFLD is usually obtained by ultrasonography, a technique that can underestimate its prevalence. For this reason, physicians aspire for an accurate, cost-effective, and noninvasive method to determine both the presence and the specific stage of the NAFLD. In this paper, we report an integrated approach for the quantitative estimation of the density of triglycerides in the liver based on the use of autofluorescence and reflectance signals generated by the abdomen of obese C57BL6/J mice. Singular value decomposition is applied to the generated spectra and its corresponding regression model provided a determination coefficient of 0.99 and a root mean square error of 240 mg/dl. This, in turn, enabled the quantitative imaging of triglycerides density in the livers of mice under in vivo conditions.

Global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the overweight and obese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The global burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) parallels the increase in obesity rates across the world. Although overweight and obesity status are thought to be an effective indicator for NAFLD screening, the exact prevalence of NAFLD in this population remains unknown. We aimed to report the prevalence of NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the overweight and obese population. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Medline and Embase from database inception until March 6, 2022, using search terms including but not limited to "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "overweight", "obesity", and "prevalence". Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies published after Jan 1, 2000, written in or translated into English were eligible for inclusion; paediatric studies were excluded. Articles were included if the number of NAFLD, NAFL, or NASH events in an overweight and obese population could be extracted. Summary data were extracted from published reports. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of NAFLD, NAFL, and NASH in an overweight and obese population and the prevalence of fibrosis in individuals who were overweight or obese and who had NAFLD. A meta-analysis of proportions was done with the generalised linear mixed model. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022344526). The search identified 7389 articles. 151 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. In the pooled analysis comprising 101 028 individuals, the prevalence of NAFLD in the overweight population was 69·99% (95% CI 65·40-74·21 I2=99·10%), the prevalence of NAFL was 42·49% (32·55-53·08, I2=96·40%), and the prevalence of NASH was 33·50% (28·38-39·04, I2=95·60%). Similar prevalence estimates were reported in the obese population for NAFLD (75·27% [95% CI 70·90-79·18]; I2=98·50%), NAFL (43·05% [32·78-53·97]; I2=96·30%) and NASH (33·67% [28·45-39·31]; I2=95·60%). The prevalence of NAFLD in the overweight population was the highest in the region of the Americas (75·34% [95% CI: 67·31-81·93]; I2=99·00%). Clinically significant fibrosis (stages F2-4) was present in 20·27% (95% CI 11·32-33·62; I2= 93·00%) of overweight individuals with NAFLD and in 21·60% (11·47-36·92; I2=95·00%) of obese patients with NAFLD while 6·65% (4·35-10·01; I2=58·00%) of overweight individuals with NAFLD and 6·85% (3·85-11·90; I2=90·00%) of obese individuals with NAFLD had advanced fibrosis (stages F3-4). This study summarises the estimated global prevalence of NAFLD, NAFL, and NASH in overweight and obese individuals; these findings are important for improving the understanding of the global NAFLD burden and supporting disease management in the at-risk overweight and obese population. None.

Cheese Intake Exhibits an Alteration of Glycolipid Profile and Impacts on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver in Bahraini Older Adults.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition characterized by a complex interrelation between genetic and environmental factors that heighten the risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. It is hypothesized that diet may play an important role in the regulation of metabolic syndrome factors and influence the process. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the specific dietary patterns associated with metabolic syndrome markers and quantify the possible effects of dietary patterns among Bahrain older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included 151 Bahraini patients diagnosed with MetS, 89 (58.7%) were females and 62 (41.3%) males. Results: The prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver was 89%. Statistically significant correlations were found between dairy products with low fat and SBP (r = 0.182, p < 0.001) body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.195; p < −0.01). Higher chicken consumption was associated with reduction of BMI (r = −0.273; p < −0.01). A higher consumption of ricotta and cheddar cheese (high in fat) was associated with higher levels of triglycerides (p < 0.01). Higher frequent consumption of rice (basmati) was associated with lower glucose levels (r = −0.200; p < −0.01). Fatty liver has been associated with high consumption of cream cheese (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In older Bahraini adults with metabolic syndrome, higher frequency of food consumption of full-fat cheese was linked with a derangement of lipid profile and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver. Positive effects on BMI have been recorded with higher-frequency consumption of basmati rice and chicken.

Risk stratification of adolescents for the screening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver conditions in adolescence are associated with premature mortality in adulthood. Effective screening could impact the population burden of this disease. We sought to determine which adolescents should be screened for non-alcoholic fatty liver using vibration-controlled transient elastography. We simulated a non-alcoholic fatty liver screening program of 938 adolescents from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey of 2017/2018. We stratified subjects by body mass index and metabolic parameters and analyzed our data using standard diagnostic statistical measures. The weighted prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was 24.4%, and 3.8%, respectively. For all subjects with obesity (21.8% of the population), screening identified 61.8% of the non-alcoholic fatty liver cases. In a category of all subjects with obesity and overweight subjects with metabolic abnormalities (26.7% of the population), screening identified 71.2% of non-alcoholic fatty liver cases. The two groups most likely to benefit by transient elastography screening are adolescents with obesity and overweight adolescents with one metabolic abnormality. These criteria reduce the number of individuals to be tested by approximately 80% (from an approximate 32 million adolescents to 6-7.5 million adolescents), while retaining a diagnostic accuracy of 84%-85%.

Reactive Oxygen Species Induce Fatty Liver and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Inflammation and Cell Death.

Liver transplantation is the ultimate method for treating end-stage liver disease. With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the number of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, a common cause of chronic liver disease, is on the rise and may become the main cause of liver transplantation in the future. With the increasing gap between the number of donor livers and patients waiting for liver transplantation and the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver, the proportion of steatosis livers among non-standard donor organs is also increasing. Ischemia-reperfusion injury has historically been the focus of attention in the liver transplantation process, and severe ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to adverse outcomes of liver transplantation. Studies have shown that the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Furthermore, the sensitivity of fatty liver transplantation to ischemia-reperfusion injury has been suggested to be related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. In ischemia-reperfusion injury, Kupffer cell and macrophage activation along with mitochondrial damage and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system promote marked reactive oxygen species production and the inflammatory response and apoptosis, resulting in liver tissue injury. The increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation products, vicious circle of ROS and oxidative stress along with mitochondrial dysfunction promoted the progress of non-alcoholic fatty liver. In contrast to the non-fatty liver, a non-alcoholic fatty liver produces more reactive oxygen species and suffers more serious oxidative stress when subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We herein review the effects of reactive oxygen species on ischemia-reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver injury as well as highlight several treatment approaches.

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases Among Obese Adults in Mosul City.

Objective: The present study's objective is to determine the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver among obese adults in Mosul City, Iraq. Methodology: A prospective study design was applied to achieve the present study's objectives for November 1, 2019, to March 1, 2020. The total sample size was 225. All subjects were selected purposively from outpatient clinics at Al-Salam Teaching Hospital, Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital, and Mosul General Hospital. Results: Among obese adults, the prevalence of NAFLD is 68%; among the 225 patients examined herein,153 had NAFLD. Parameter comparisons between NAFLD and without NAFLD subjects and indicated the mean BMI was (38.8±4) Kg/m2 and (34.1±2.4) Kg/m2, respectively. WC was (106.6±3.9) cm in the NAFLD group and (102.7±3.3) cm in the subject without the NAFLD group. The mean triceps skinfold thickness was (3.8±1.4) cm in the NAFLD group and (2.9±0.9) cm in the subject without the NAFLD group. All parameters had high significance. Recommendations: Further studies on large populations are needed to facilitate the generalization of the current findings. Keywords: Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic, Mosul

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases Among Obese Adults in Mosul City.

Objective: The present study's objective is to determine the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver among obese adults in Mosul City, Iraq. Methodology: A prospective study design was applied to achieve the present study's objectives for November 1, 2019, to March 1, 2020. The total sample size was 225. All subjects were selected purposively from outpatient clinics at Al-Salam Teaching Hospital, Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital, and Mosul General Hospital. Results: Among obese adults, the prevalence of NAFLD is 68%; among the 225 patients examined herein,153 had NAFLD. Parameter comparisons between NAFLD and without NAFLD subjects and indicated the mean BMI was (38.8±4) Kg/m2 and (34.1±2.4) Kg/m2, respectively. WC was (106.6±3.9) cm in the NAFLD group and (102.7±3.3) cm in the subject without the NAFLD group. The mean triceps skinfold thickness was (3.8±1.4) cm in the NAFLD group and (2.9±0.9) cm in the subject without the NAFLD group. All parameters had high significance. Recommendations: Further studies on large populations are needed to facilitate the generalization of the current findings. Keywords: Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic, Mosul

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases Among Obese Adults in Mosul City.

Objective: The present study's objective is to determine the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver among obese adults in Mosul City, Iraq. Methodology: A prospective study design was applied to achieve the present study's objectives for November 1, 2019, to March 1, 2020. The total sample size was 225. All subjects were selected purposively from outpatient clinics at Al-Salam Teaching Hospital, Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital, and Mosul General Hospital. Results: Among obese adults, the prevalence of NAFLD is 68%; among the 225 patients examined herein,153 had NAFLD. Parameter comparisons between NAFLD and without NAFLD subjects and indicated the mean BMI was (38.8±4) Kg/m2 and (34.1±2.4) Kg/m2, respectively. WC was (106.6±3.9) cm in the NAFLD group and (102.7±3.3) cm in the subject without the NAFLD group. The mean triceps skinfold thickness was (3.8±1.4) cm in the NAFLD group and (2.9±0.9) cm in the subject without the NAFLD group. All parameters had high significance. Recommendations: Further studies on large populations are needed to facilitate the generalization of the current findings. Keywords: Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic, Mosul

The Relationship Between Body Fat Distribution and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Obesity, which is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), has increased among people with type 1 diabetes. Therefore, we explored the associations between body fat distribution and NAFL in this population. This study included 121 adults with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study for whom NAFL was determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Genetic data concerning PNPLA3 rs738409 and TM6SF2 rs58542926 were available as a directly genotyped polymorphism. Associations between body fat distribution, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), BMI, and NAFL were explored using logistic regression. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the WHtR and BMI thresholds with the highest sensitivity and specificity to detect NAFL. Median age was 38.5 (33-43.7) years, duration of diabetes was 21.2 (17.9-28.4) years, 52.1% were women, and the prevalence of NAFL was 11.6%. After adjusting for sex, age, duration of diabetes, and PNPLA3 rs738409, the volume (P = 0.03) and percentage (P = 0.02) of visceral adipose tissue were associated with NAFL, whereas gynoid, appendicular, and total adipose tissues were not. The area under the curve between WHtR and NAFL was larger than BMI and NAFL (P = 0.04). The WHtR cutoff of 0.5 showed the highest sensitivity (86%) and specificity (55%), whereas the BMI of 26.6 kg/m2 showed 79% sensitivity and 57% specificity. Visceral adipose tissue is associated with NAFL in adults with type 1 diabetes, and WHtR may be considered when screening for NAFL in this population.

Serum uric acid is positively associated with the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in non-obese type 2 diabetes patients in a Chinese population.

To investigate whether SUA is independently associated with NAFLD in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients in a Chinese population. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 400 non-obese type 2 diabetic inpatients. Patients were stratified according to SUA levels and presence/absence of NAFLD. The clinical and laboratory features were collected retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate odds ratios of SUA for NAFLD. The levels of SUA were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD. SUA was positively associated with the risk factors of NAFLD such as BMI, serum insulin and lipids. The odds of NAFLD were increasingly higher from the second to the fourth quartile of SUA as compared to the lowest quartile. After adjustment for age, gender, BMI and other metabolic components, the odds of NAFLD remained significantly increased for quartile 4. SUA levels are strongly and independently associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. SUA may be used as a useful predictor to stratify the higher risks for NAFLD of non-obese type 2 diabetes patients.

Methotrexate use does not increase the prevalence of hepatic steatosis: a real-world retrospective nested case-control study.

We aimed to determine whether methotrexate (MTX) treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Data were derived from records of all patients with RA who underwent abdominal ultrasonography at the Jeonbuk National University Hospital. Patients with ultrasound-proven NAFL were identified, and those without NAFL were matched by age and sex using the propensity score matching method at 1:3 ratio. We also analyzed the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Samples, a nationwide cohort database, to determine the association between MTX use and NAFL in a large number of patients (n = 24,653). In the hospital cohort, 92 patients with NAFL did not show significant differences in the cumulative MTX dose when compared with the no-NAFL group (n = 276) (1908.5 ± 1757.5 vs. 1948.6 ± 2118.8mg, p = 0.911). The prevalence of NAFL was not significantly different across strata of cumulative MTX dose. Multiple logistic analyses identified hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 4.88 [95% CI, 1.13-20.93]) and higher body mass index (OR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.05-1.41]) as being associated with an increased risk of NAFL. In the nationwide cohort, the MTX exposure rate between the NAFL and no-NAFL groups was not significantly different. Collectively, no significant association between NAFL development and administration of MTX was detected in this study. Our results suggest that it is more efficient to adjust for individualized risk factors for NAFL prevention rather than discontinuation of MTX in patients with RA. Key Points • NAFLD has been highlighted with increasing prevalence worldwide and possible progression to end-stage liver disease. • Cumulative dose or exposure history of MTX does not show a significant association with NAFLD prevalence. • Modifying well-established risk factors is more efficient in NAFLD prevention rather than discontinuation of MTX.

S1148 Effect of Cannabis Use on Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Patients: A Propensity-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study

INTRODUCTION: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a condition of pathologic fat accumulation in hepatocytes when a secondary cause cannot be identified (e.g. excessive alcohol use). The spectrum of disease seen in NAFLD includes Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL), and the more pathologic variant, Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). While NAFL is more common, the hepatocellular injury and inflammation that occurs in NASH contributes significantly to the increased risk of liver failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in NAFLD patients. Anti-inflammatory effects of cannabis are well described in experimental literature. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) specifically, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity in myofibroblast and stellate cells. How the hepatoprotective properties of cannabis affect disease manifestation and incidence of NAFLD is the subject of this investigation. The aim of this study is to determine how cannabis use affects the prevalence and progression of NAFLD in obese human subjects. METHODS: We studied the 2016 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s (HCUP) National Inpatient Sample (NIS) discharge records, and gathered data on patients who were obese and at least 18 years of age (N = 879952). The main study outcome was prevalence of the four presentations of NAFLD: Steatosis, Steatohepatitis, Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. We then compared the prevalence of disease stage between cannabis and non-cannabis users. Lastly, we further matched the non-cannabis group with demographic factors and other patient related confounders. All analysis was done using STATA 14 software. RESULTS: A total of 879,952 obese patients were admitted within the study period. Cannabis users 14,236 (1.6%) had less steatohepatitis (0.4% vs 0.7%, P < 0.001) and cirrhosis (1.1% vs 1.5%, P < 0.001) than non-users. After propensity matched analysis, cannabis use remained significantly associated with less steatohepatitis (0.4% vs 0.5%, P = 0.035). Post-match, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of NAFL, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Results from this study suggest that cannabis use is associated with reduced prevalence and progression of steatohepatitis in obese patients. These findings could possibly be explained by the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effect of cannabis on hepatocytes through the endocannabinoid system. Additional studies are needed to further explore this relationship.Table 1a.: Descriptive Statistics of Obese Population: Cannabis and Non-Cannabis Users and Propensity Score MatchTable 1b.: Outcome Statistics of Obese Population: Cannabis and Non-Cannabis Users and Propensity Score Match

THU016 - Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver in the Netherlands: the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study

THU016 - Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver in the Netherlands: the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study

The Prevalence of NAFLD and Fibrosis in Bariatric Surgery Patients and the Reliability of Noninvasive Diagnostic Methods.

Background Bariatric surgery patients have a higher prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) than the general population; however, its assessment and the accurate staging of fibrosis are often complicated because noninvasive tests are not very accurate in patients with morbid obesity, and liver biopsy cannot be performed as a routine exam. The aim of this study was to evaluate (A) the histological prevalence of NAFL, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and fibrosis in patients undergoing bariatric surgery; (B) the reliability of ultrasound (US) in diagnosing NAFL; and (C) the reliability of various fibrosis scoring systems for defining fibrosis. Methods US and intraoperative liver biopsy results were reviewed in 57 bariatric surgery patients. NAFL, NASH, and fibrosis were diagnosed according to the Kleiner scoring system. US diagnosis of liver steatosis was based on the bright liver. Fibrosis scores used were (i) the BMI, AST/ALT Ratio, Diabetes (BARD) scoring system; (ii) the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score; and (iii) the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index. Results The prevalence of NAFL was 81%, NASH 61.4%, and fibrosis 94% (F3 5.7%, cirrhosis 2.8%). The sensitivity of US was 95%, specificity 50%, and likelihood ratio (LR+, LR-) 1.91 and 0.1. The reliability of fibrosis scores for F ≥ 2 were as follows: BARD score: sensitivity 46%, specificity 54%, and area under the receiver-operating characteristics (AUROC) curve 0.5; NAFLD score: sensitivity 30%, specificity 89%, and AUROC 0.5; and FIB-4: sensitivity 68%, specificity 67%, and AUROC 0.7. Conclusions In bariatric surgery patients, the prevalence of NAFL was 81%, NASH 61.4%, and fibrosis 94%. US is able to rule out the presence of NAFL, while the commonly used scores may be inaccurate in defining fibrosis in patients with morbid obesity.

English

English

Sarcopenia Is a New Risk Factor of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background and Aim: Recently, sarcopenia has been proposed as an additional risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and there have been no studies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to analyze the clinical associations between sarcopenia and NAFLD in IBD patients. Methods: From January 2004 to December 2017, a total of 488 IBD patients, with CT results, were classified according to the presence of NAFLD. Sarcopenia was assessed based on the muscle volume calculated by the total psoas muscle area in the third lumbar region divided by the square of the patient’s height (m²). Results: Among the 443 included patients, NAFLD was diagnosed in 49 patients (11.1%). Sarcopenia was noted in 34.9%; it was more common in the NAFLD group (51.0 vs. 33.0%; p = 0.019). In multivariate analysis, metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 8.63), hyperuricemia (OR, 4.66), small bowel resection (OR, 3.45), and sarcopenia (OR, 2.99) were significant risk factors of NAFLD in IBD patients. In addition, sarcopenia was an independent risk factor after adjustment for age, sex, and other metabolic factors (OR, 2.26). Conclusions: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in IBD patients was 11.1%, and sarcopenia was an independent risk factor.