Prevalence Of Malignant Tumors Research Articles

Prevalence of malignant neoplasms in celiac disease patients - a nationwide United States population-based study.

Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the immune response to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Recent research has unveiled a heightened risk of developing specific malignant neoplasms (MN) and various malignancies, including gastrointestinal, lymphomas, skin, and others, in individuals with CeD. To investigate the prevalence of MN in hospitalized CeD patients in the United States. Using data from the National Inpatient Sample spanning two decades, from January 2000 to December 2019, we identified 529842 CeD patients, of which 78128 (14.75%) had MN. Propensity score matching, based on age, sex, race, and calendar year, was employed to compare CeD patients with the general non-CeD population at a 1:1 ratio. Positive associations were observed for several malignancies, including small intestine, lymphoma, nonmelanoma skin, liver, melanoma skin, pancreas myelodysplastic syndrome, biliary, stomach, and other neuroendocrine tumors (excluding small and large intestine malignant carcinoid), leukemia, uterus, and testis. Conversely, CeD patients exhibited a reduced risk of respiratory and secondary malignancies. Moreover, certain malignancies showed null associations with CeD, including head and neck, nervous system, esophagus, colorectal, anus, breast, malignant carcinoids, bone and connective tissues, myeloma, cervix, and ovary cancers. Our study is unique in highlighting the detailed results of positive, negative, or null associations between different hematologic and solid malignancies and CeD. Furthermore, it offers insights into evolving trends in CeD hospital outcomes, shedding light on advancements in its management over the past two decades. These findings contribute valuable information to the understanding of CeD's impact on health and healthcare utilization.

Retrospective analysis of data on the prevalence of malignant neoplasms in dogs and cats

The article presents the results of a study on the primary incidence of malignant tumors in dogs and cats in Moscow over the period from January 1, 2023, to July 1, 2024. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Diseases of Small Domestic, Laboratory and Exotic Animals and the Research Laboratory of Oncology, Ophthalmology and Animal Biochemistry of the Russian Biotechnological University “ROSBIOTECH”. The study included 208 cats and 325 dogs with primary, spontaneous malignant tumors of various origins. To confirm the diagnosis, a comprehensive approach was used, including clinical examination, hematological tests, and special diagnostic techniques such as ultrasonography, radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Verification of the tumor process was based on cytological and histological methods.The purpose of this work is to analyze the structure of the incidence of small domestic animals with malignant tumors. As a result, we identified the most common types of tumors in cats and dogs. In cats, breast carcinoma was the most common type (44.23%), followed by lymphoma (18.27%), sarcomas (13.46%) and carcinomas (13.94%), as well as squamous cell carcinoma (6.25%). In dogs, breast carcinoma also accounted for the majority of cases (37.23%), along with sarcomas (23.38%), mastocytomas (16.31%), and carcinomas (14.15%).

Greater physical activity levels are associated with lower prevalence of tumors and risk of cancer in Spanish population: A cross-sectional study

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and insufficient physical activity is a significant risk factor. This study analyzed the tumor prevalence based on sex, age, smoking, BMI, and physical activity level (PAL) in the Spanish people. Data from the Spanish National Health Survey (ENSE) was used, comprising a sample of 17,704 people diagnosed with malignant tumors. The findings revealed compelling associations (P < 0.001) between all variables examined and the prevalence of malignant tumors. Notably, women exhibited a higher prevalence than men (P < 0.05). Furthermore, individuals classified as obese displayed a greater prevalence of tumors than those within the normal weight range (P < 0.05). The analysis also showed that the inactive group had a higher prevalence of malignant tumors than the active group (P < 0.05). This study identified significant dependency relationships (P < 0.001) between PAL and the various population groups examined. Additionally, the general population analyzed in the ENSE2017 study demonstrated a reduced risk of developing malignant tumors among the active (P < 0.05) and very active groups (P < 0.05) compared to the inactive group. This risk reduction was consistently observed across different subgroups, including men, women, specific age groups, smoking, and BMI categories (P < 0.05). This study highlighted the importance of regular physical activity in reducing the risk and prevalence of malignant tumors in the Spanish population. These findings underscore the critical role of engaging in physical activity as a protective measure against cancer. Encouraging individuals to adopt an active lifestyle could significantly contribute to cancer prevention efforts and promote overall well-being.

Нормативное правовое регулирование оказания медицинской помощи больным с предраковыми состояниями и злокачественными новообразованиями органов и тканей рта в Рязанской области

INTRODUCTION: Currently, the prevalence of malignant neoplasms (MNPs) continues to stay at a high level. Success in reducing morbidity with oncologic diseases depends on many factors with the essential one being the development of the legal framework for organization of medical care for patients with precancerous conditions and MNPs of the oral mucosa and lips. A content-analysis of the sources of the regulatory legal information was performed based on the following keywords and their combinations: dentistry, neoplasm, screening, oral mucosa. The sources were studied by regular review of the electronic Garant database (http://base.garant.ru). Sixteenth regulatory legal acts were identified from 2017 to the present. CONCLUSION: Based on the studied regulatory legal acts for providing care to patients with malignant neoplasms (MNPs) and precancerous conditions of the organs and tissues of the oral cavity in the Ryazan region, it can be concluded that the management takes an active part in the organization of prevention, diagnosis, treatment of patients with MNPs of different organs and systems, including the maxillofacial region, as well as of their rehabilitation. The implementation of the regional program to combat oncological diseases, on the one hand, reflects their high prevalence, and on the other hand, the active participation of the government and the leadership of the Ryazan region in solving this problem. The documents regulating the procedure for provision of medical care in the profiles ‘oncology’ and ‘dentistry’ detail the actions of medical personnel when treating a patient with a MNP. Special attention is paid to the issues of prevention and early detection of oncological diseases in the population of the Ryazan region, as well as dispensary monitoring of patients with oncopathology. This confirms the preventive orientation of medical care, however, there are shortcomings regarding the lack of specific information about the role of a dentist in these issues, as well as about screening diagnostic methods in dentistry, incentive payments to doctors of the Ryazan region for identified cases of MNPs.

Renal dysfunction, malignant neoplasms, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and sarcopenia as key outcomes observed in a three-year follow-up study using the Werner Syndrome Registry.

Werner syndrome is an adult-onset progeria syndrome that results in various complications. This study aimed to clarify the profile and secular variation of the disease. Fifty-one patients were enrolled and registered in the Werner Syndrome Registry. Their data were collected annually following registration. A cross-sectional analysis at registration and a longitudinal analysis between the baseline and each subsequent year was performed. Pearson's chi-squared and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used. Malignant neoplasms were observed from the fifth decade of life (mean onset: 49.7 years) and were observed in approximately 30% of patients during the 3-year survey period. Regarding renal function, the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated from serum creatinine (eGFRcre) and eGFRcys, which were calculated from cystatin C in the first year, were 98.3 and 83.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, and differed depending on the index used. In longitudinal analysis, the average eGFRcre for the first and fourth years was 74.8 and 63.4 mL/min/1.73 m2, showing a rapid decline. Secular changes in Werner syndrome in multiple patients were identified. The prevalence of malignant neoplasms is high, and renal function may decline rapidly. It is, therefore, necessary to carry out active and detailed examinations and pay attention to the type and dose of the drugs used.

The possibilities of wide-range MSCT in assessing the invasion of mediastinal structures in giant neoplasms of the thoracic organs

Despite the constant increase in the level of equipment of medical institutions with modern high-tech equipment (CT, MRI, endoscopes, etc.), in the last decade there has been a clear trend towards an increase in the number of patients with tumors of intra-thoracic localization, including giant sizes. Oncologists consider neoplasms that occupy more than half of the hemithorax or simultaneously spread to the anterior and posterior mediastinum to be giant tumors of the chest. According to leading oncologists, giant tumors should include chest tumors whose diameter is equal to or exceeds 20 cm, have different initial localization, more than 80% of cases have different histological affiliation. There is no unity of views of leading oncologists and thoracic surgeons on the classification of giant intra-thoracic formations, diagnosis, determination of their initial localization and, accordingly, determination of the possibility of their surgical treatment and selection of optimal access. It is not uncommon when issues related to the initial localization, histological affiliation, as well as invasion of surrounding structures are resolved during surgical intervention. Unfortunately, there is little information in the Russian scientific literature about the high-tech diagnosis of this group of neoplasms, then malignant formations are twice as common as benign ones. Given the prevalence of malignant neoplasms in the category of giant tumors of intra-thoracic localization, a very relevant diagnostic issue is the identification of invasion of mediastinal structures, which largely determines both the feasibility of surgical intervention and its possible variants.

S849 Malignancies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients – A Population-Based Study of the Last Two Decades

Introduction: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gut with prevalence estimated to be more than 3 million in the USA. Many studies suggest that IBD patients have an increased risk of developing intestinal and extraintestinal malignancies. It is suspected, IBD-related inflammation and carcinogenic properties of immunosuppressive drugs are main culprits of initiation and progression of tumor formation. This study aimed to analyze the nationwide prevalence of malignant neoplasms in IBD patients. Methods: NIS database was queried from January 2000 to December 2019 to retrieve records of patients admitted with a principal or secondary diagnosis of IBD. We compared the incidence of malignant neoplasms in IBD (cases) based on ICD codes to patients who did not have IBD (controls). Controls were 1:1 fixed ratio nearest neighbor (greedy) propensity score-matched using the patient’s age, sex, and race. We performed univariate logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio. Statistical analysis is performed in R (Studio 1.4). The p-values of < 0.01 were considered to be significant. Results: A total of 1,109,008 records were identified with IBD. IBD patients have increased risk of some cancers including small intestine (OR, 4.40; 99% CI, 3.69 – 5.25; p < 0.001), bile duct (OR, 3.97; 99% CI, 3.32 – 4.74; p < 0.001), myelodysplastic syndrome (OR, 1.66; 99% CI, 1.52 – 1.81; p < 0.001, anorectal (OR, 1.64; 99% CI, 1.55 – 1.73; p < 0.001), skin (OR, 1.62; 99% CI, 1.57 – 1.68; p < 0.001), colorectal (OR, 1.29; 99% CI, 1.25 – 1.33; p < 0.001), urinary (OR, 1.09; 99% CI, 1.05 – 1.13; p < 0.001),and prostate (OR, 1.13; 99% CI, 1.10 – 1.17; p < 0.001). IBD patients are at low risk of head and neck, esophagus, stomach, respiratory, bone, breast, nervous system, myeloma, ovary, testis, and pancreas (Table). Conclusion: IBD and malignancies have been discussed in the past. Despite these efforts, much remains unknown regarding the increased risk of cancers in IBD. Our results showed that IBD patients are at an increased risk of certain neoplasms, specifically small bowel, bile duct, and myelodysplastic syndrome. Although inflammatory injury and immunosuppression can play a role in carcinogenesis, we still know little about the risk factors contributing to neoplasms. Therefore, more studies are needed to determine the risk factor and mechanism for developing malignancies in IBD patients. It is essential to emphasize age-appropriate cancer screening in our IBD patients. Table 1. - Prevalence of malignant Neoplasms in IBD vs. age-, sex-, and race-matched non-IBD patients National Inpatient Sample 2000 - 2019 Variables IBD = No (n= 1,108,914) 50% IBD = Yes (n= 1,109,008) 50% OR (99%CI) P value Head and Neck 3413 (0.31%) 2186 (0.06%) 0.64 (0.60– 0.69) < .0001 Esophagus 1314 (0.12%) 714 (0.06%) 0.54 (0.48 – 0.59) < .0001 Stomach 1450 (0.13%) 1146 (0.10%) 0.79 (0.71– 0.87) < .0001 Small Intestine 264 (0.02%) 1161 (0.10%) 4.40 (3.69– 5.25) < .0001 Colorectal 11758 (1.06%) 15163 (1.37%) 1.29 (1.25– 1.33) < .0001 Liver 1379 (0.12%) 1472 (0.13%) NA 0.0818 Bile Duct 265 (0.02%) 1052 (0.09%) 3.97 (3.32 – 4.74) < .0001 Respiratory 15699 (1.42 %) 10791 (0.97 %) 0.68 (0.66– 0.71) < .0001 Bone 1666 (0.15%) 694 (0.06%) 0.41 (0.37 – 0.47) < .0001 Skin 8554 (0.77%) 13797 (1.24%) 1.62 (1.57 – 1.68) < .0001 Breast 21129 (1.91%) 17994 (1.62%) 0.85 (0.83– 0.87) < .0001 Urinary 9092 (0.82%) 9913 (0.89%) 1.09 (1.05 – 1.13) < .0001 Nervous System 2135 (0.19%) 1277 (0.12%) 0.60 (0.55 – 0.65) < .0001 Lymphoma 8311 (0.75%) 8110 (0.73%) NA 0.1141 Leukemia 6174 (0.56%) 6142 (0.55%) NA 0.7689 Myeloma 2314 (0.21%) 1890 (0.17%) 0.82 (0.75– 0.88) < .0001 Myelodysplastic Syndrome 1394 (0.13%) 2316 (0.21%) 1.66 (1.52– 1.81) < .0001 Anorectal 3716 (0.34%) 6074 (0.55%) 1.64 (1.55– 1.73) < .0001 Uterus 3433 (0.31%) 3236 (0.29%) NA 0.0155 Cervix 3849 (0.35%) 3818 (0.34%) NA 0.7201 Ovary 3276 (0.30%) 2577 (0.23%) 0.79 (0.74– 0.84) < .0001 Prostate 12489 (1.13 %) 14109 (1.27 %) 1.13 (1.10– 1.17) < .0001 Testis 1073 (0.10%) 787 (0.07%) 0.73 (0.65 – 0.83) < .0001 Thyroid 2472 (0.22%) 2650 (0.24%) NA 0.0129 Pancreas 2259 (0.20%) 1880 (0.17%) 0.83 (0.76– 0.90) < .0001 Neuroendocrine Tumors 536 (0.11%) 618 (0.06%) NA 0.0158

State of the Russian Oncology Service: lip cancer. Population-based study at the federal district level. Part I. Incidence rate, annual mortality rate, localization and histological structure

Malignant neoplasms of the lip (C00) are rare types of malignancies. It is ranked 30 in terms of the structure of oncopathology in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. There is a positive trend in the incidence rate as the proportion in the database of the Population-based Cancer Registry (PCR) of the Northwestern Federal Region of the Russian Federation takes modestly 0,4% (both sexes).&#x0D; It should be noted that according to the official reporting (Form No. 7) it is impossible to obtain any other criteria for assessing the effectiveness of combating this tumor in addition to the trends of morbidity. We have presented the estimation on the state of the effectiveness of anticancer measures regarding malignant tumors of the lip (C00) on the basis of the PCR database of Saint Petersburg.&#x0D; As of January 1, 2020 the Northwestern Federal Region of the Russian Federation (NWFD RF) includes 11 subjects with the population of 1 397 727. In February 2019 we created a unified database of malignant neoplasms of the Federal Region. In fact there has been organized the first in Russia Population-based Cancer Registry at the Federal Region level. Total number of registered lip cancer cases includes more than 1 million 350 thousand cases. To develop analytical criteria, only reliable materials with a number of 952791 cases including 2663 cases of malignant tumors of the lip were selected.&#x0D; Aim of the study: to determine the prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the lip, annual mortality, features of localization and histological structure.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study was based on the reference books on the prevalence of malignant tumors (IARC publication Cancer on Five Continents volume XI, P.A. Herzen Institute of Medical Research, N.N. Petrov National Research Center of Oncology, the Population Cancer Registry database of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation). Standard research methods recommended by the International Association of Cancer Registries were used.&#x0D; Results of the study. The study has revealed a high level of lip cancer morbidity of the population in Russia and the North-Western Federal District against the background of indicators for economically developed countries, but the incidence rate is gradually decreasing.&#x0D; The highest standardized incidence rate of malignant tumors of the lip in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation remains among the male population of the Vologda, Pskov regions and the Komi Republic.&#x0D; We have established a special procedure for the death of patients with malignant neoplasms of the lip in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. A surge in mortality from lip cancer has been revealed in women in the second, fourth, seventh, ninth and tenth years of follow-up, in men in the fourth, seventh and tenth, which requires fundamental research in search of the causes of the surge in mortality. Unfavorable annual mortality trends in patients with lip cancer in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation have been revealed. The features of localization and histological structure of malignant tumors of the lip have been established.

Patients scheduled to undergo esophageal surgery should have the highest priority for perioperative oral management triage: a cross-sectional study

An increasing number of patients visiting the dental office have a growing need for perioperative oral management (POM) to prevent postoperative complications. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which patients should receive preferential POM. This study investigated the dental status of patients scheduled to undergo surgery and addressed the priority for POM. This retrospective study included a total of 150 patients who were scheduled to undergo surgery at the Department of Respiratory Surgery (DRS), Department of Neurological Surgery (DNS), Department of Gynecological Surgery (DGS), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery (DBES), and Department of Esophageal Surgery (DES) managed by the Perioperative Management Center of Okayama University Hospital. We compared the general and dental status of patients among the five groups. The DES group had significantly fewer teeth than the DBES group (p = 0.012), more severe periodontitis than both the DBES (p = 0.005) and DNS groups (p = 0.020), and poorer molar occlusal support status than both the DBES (p = 0.002) and DGS groups (p = 0.041). The DES group exhibited a significantly higher median age (p = 0.002), a higher ratio of males (p < 0.001), a higher prevalence of malignant tumors (p < 0.001), and higher proportions of smokers (p < 0.001) and drinkers (p < 0.001) than the other groups. Patients who underwent surgery at the DES had more dental problems than other surgery patients. Accordingly, these patients should be given the highest priority for POM triage.

STATISTICAL DATA FOR CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING FROM 2016 – 2020 AND AMBULATORY AND DISPENSARY MORBIDITY FROM 2011 – 2020 FOR KOCANI, VINICA, BEROVO, PEHCEVO AND DELCEVO

Each year, more than half a million women are diagnosed with cervical cancer, resulting in about 300,000 deaths a year. In Macedonia cervical cancer is second most common according to the prevalence of malignant neoplasms in women. The most common and most studied cause is Human Papillomavirus (HPV). For the research were used statistical materials obtained from Center for Public Health – Kocani and State Statistical Office of R. Northern Macedonia. For the collected data from the organized screening on the territory of Kocani, Vinica, Berovo, Pehchevo and Delchevo for the period 2016-2020, as well as reported outpatient polyclinic morbidity for the same territory in a period of 10 years, ie from 2011 – 2020, was used statistical method. Screening with Pap smear is the best method to decrease the number of cervical cancer diseased and decrease mortality. Preliminary results from new immunotherapy approaches show promising results for overall survival. The main purpose of this research is to point out the importance of regular examinations and screening for early detection of cervical changes, prevention of invasive forms of cancer, and timely treatment.

Central nervous system tumors in children: trends of the past decade

The article presents the current state of the domestic children’s neuro-oncological system; also it highlights the main development trends over the past decade. The authors summarize, analyze and compare data on the prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system in children in the Republic of Tatarstan with the data of large-scale multicenter studies. The article presents the age-sex, histological and molecular structure of the central nervous system tumors through the prism of the new World Health Organization classification dd 2016, which determines the trends in the development of future systems for recording, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of children with brain and spinal tumors.

Head and neck tumors and assisted reproductive technologies: social and legal aspects

Background. Currently, the proportion of pregnancies obtained by assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) reaches 1.7–4.0 %. Short-term and long-term results of ART implementation require public and, most importantly, legal assessment. Some publications suggest higher risks of congenital deformities and head and neck cancers in children conceived by ART.Objective: to review publications analyzing the problem of head and neck cancers in children conceived by ART and legal protection of the embryo.Materials and methods. We performed retrospective analysis of 42 articles published in 1995–2019, including 33 foreign and 9 Russian articles.Results. Earlier studies have demonstrated that children conceived by ART have an increased risk of cancers, including head and neck cancers, such as central nervous system tumors and retinoblastoma. Recent publications have shown no significant differences in the prevalence of malignant tumors between children born after ART and children conceived naturally. Nevertheless, the risk of developing head and neck tumors is higher in children after ART. The analysis of Russian and international legislation has demonstrated that the legal status of an embryo differs depending on whether it develops in vivo or in vitro.Conclusion. Children conceived by ART are at higher risk of malignant head and neck tumors, primarily central nervous system tumors and retinoblastoma. The legal status of an embryo depends on whether it develops in vivo or in vitro.

Prevalence of somatic and psychiatric morbidity across occupations in Switzerland and its correlation with suicide mortality: results from the Swiss National Cohort (1990\u20132014)

BackgroundSuicide is a major and complex public health problem. In Switzerland, suicide accounts for about 1000 deaths yearly and is the fourth leading cause of mortality. The first nationwide Swiss study of suicides identified eight male and four female occupations with statistically significant excess of suicide compared to the general Swiss population. Working time, self-employer status, low socio-economic status and low skill level required for occupation were associated with increase in suicide risk. Presently, we aim to compare the distribution of suicide risk across occupations with the prevalence of somatic and psychiatric morbidity in Swiss working-aged adults. We hypothesized that some diseases would cluster in particular occupations, indicating potential work-relatedness of suicides found in these occupations.MethodsWe used the Swiss National Cohort (SNC) and included 10575 males and 2756 females deceased by suicide between 1990 and 2014. We estimated the prevalence of 16 categories of concomitant diseases in each occupation, using national mortality records, and assessed the homogeneity of diseases distribution across occupations. For diseases, which prevalence varied significantly across occupations, we analyzed the correlation with the distribution of suicide risk, estimated as the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of suicide.ResultsMental and behavioral disorders were the most commonly reported concomitant diseases in our population. In men, the prevalence of these disorders and more specifically, the prevalence of substance-related and addictive disorders, and of psychotic disorders varied significantly across occupations and was correlated with the SMR of suicide. The prevalence of malignant neoplasms and the prevalence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue also varied significantly across male occupations, while in women, such a variation was observed for neoplasms of uncertain or unknown behavior and diseases of the nervous system and sense organs, without being correlated with the SMR of suicide.ConclusionSome of the identified morbidities can be occupation-related and could negatively affect the working capacity and the employability, which in turn could be related to the suicide. Disentangling concomitant diseases according to their work-relatedness and relationship with the suicide risk is important for identifying occupation-related suicides, understanding their characteristics, and developing appropriated interventions for their prevention.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ И ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ИНВАЛИДНОСТИ ВСЛЕДСТВИЕ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ ВЗРОСЛОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ТОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ЗА ПЕРИОД С 2015 ПО 2019 ГГ.

The article presents results of the analysis of indicators of cancer incidence and primary disability due to malignant neoplasms among adult population of the Tomsk region in dynamics for 2015 - 2019, which indicate an upward trend (by 30.7%) exceeding the average indicators for the Russian Federation and the Siberian Federal District. Increased prevalence of malignant neoplasms among adult population of the Tomsk region over the period under study is due to better detection of malignant neoplasms (a 8.7% increase), as well as implementation of the new and improved methods of special anticancer treatment aimed at complete recovery and increased life expectancy of cancer patients. Malignant neoplasms were more often detected among urban population aged 65 and over (64.8%). The incidence rate of malignant neoplasms in the region progressed from 433.8 to 626.1 per 10 000 population due to increased detection of malignant neoplasms at the early stages (by 2.9%). The rate of advanced cases over the study period decreased by 1.5%. Since 2014, malignant neoplasms have been taking the lead in the structure of adults recognized as disabled for the first time. Indicators of primary disability in the adult population for the period 2015 - 2018 decreased, followed by the increase in 2019, however, the disability rate in all adult age groups remained below the similar indicators in Russia and the Siberian Federal District. Women, persons of the retirement age, and urban dwellers prevailed in this contingent of the disabled. The share of people of working age decreased from 38.4% to 35.2%. The share of people of the retirement age increased from 61.6% to 64.8%, respectively. Group II disability was the most often established, in dynamics, the share of the disabled with groups II and III decreased. There was a significant increase from 20.4% to 31.9% in the share of citizens who, during the initial examination, were established as group I. The main localizations of malignant neoplasms resulting in disability in 2015 - 2017 included mammary gland, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs, and female genital organs; and stomach and large intestine - in 2018 - 2019. The share of malignant neoplasms with multiple localizations increased from 1.8% to 5.2%.

The diagnostic efficacy of Gynecology Imaging Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS): single-center prospective cross-sectional study

BackgroundTo assess the validity and accuracy of GI-RADS classification in the prediction of malignancy and in triaging the management protocol in ovarian lesions.ResultsOne hundred fifty-six ovarian lesions were detected in the examined 116 women. The prevalence of malignant tumors was 44%. Overall GI-RADS classification rates were as follows: 41 cases (26.3%) were classified as GI-RADS 1, 26 cases (16 .7%) as GI-RADS 2, 34 cases (21.8%) as GI-RADS 3, 14 cases (8.9%) as GI-RADS 4, and 41 cases (26.3%) as GI-RADS 5. No follow-up was done in GI-RADS 1 patients. A final diagnosis of all GI-RADS 2 ovarian masses such as functional cyst (n = 10), hemorrhagic cysts (n = 8), corpus luteal cysts (n = 6), and some GI-RADS 3 as simple cysts (n = 10) was made by spontaneous resolution of these masses at follow-up after 6 weeks. Fifteen cases of GI-RADS 3 as mature teratoma, serous and mucinous cystadenoma, endometrioma, and ovarian torsion and all GI-RADS 4 and 5 underwent laparoscopic or surgical removal of the ovarian mass with histopathological examination. The diagnostic performance of the GI-RADS in predicting the risk of malignancy in ovarian masses was as follows: 98.11% sensitivity, 95.15% specificity, 91.2% positive predictive value (PPV), 99.2% negative predictive value (NPV), and 20.2 positive likelihood ratio, and the overall accuracy was 96.2% (area under receiver operating curve (AUC) = 0.96, P < 0.001).ConclusionGI-RADS classification performs well as a reporting system of the ovarian masses with high diagnostic performance in the prediction of malignancy, and it seems to be a helpful tool in triaging management in patients with ovarian masses.Trial registrationThe trial was registered in the US National Library of Medicine, under clinical trial number NCT03175991. Also, the ethical committee approval number of the Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, was 17100016 on February 28, 2017.

抗信号识别颗粒抗体阳性的皮肌炎/临床无肌病性皮肌炎患者临床特点分析

Objective To investigate the clinical features of anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) antibody-positive patients with dermatomyositis/clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (DM/CADM) . Methods Clinical data were collected from 90 patients with DM/CADM, who were hospitalized at the Department of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2015 to July 2017. Immunoblotting assay was performed to determine the serum level of anti-SRP antibody in these patients. Statistical analysis was carried out using t test and Chi-square test. Results Of the 90 patients with DM/CADM, 11 (12.2%) were positive for serum anti-SRP antibody, including 6 with DM and 5 with CADM. Among 82 adult patients with DM/CADM, the prevalence of malignant tumors was significantly higher in the patients with anti-SRP antibody than in those without (7/9 vs. 31.5%[23/73], χ2 = 7.394, P = 0.006) . The 11 patients with anti-SRP antibody had typical DM skin lesions, and their cutaneous dermatomyositis disease area and severity index (CDASI) was 18.1 ± 2.9. The prevalence of angel wings sign (aliform erythema on the trunk) was significantly higher in the patients with anti-SRP antibody than in those without (7/11 vs. 29.9%[20/67], Fisher′s exact test, P = 0.028) . The positive rate of antinuclear antibody was significantly higher in the patients with anti-SRP antibody than in those without (4/8 vs. 16.7%[13/78], χ2 = 6.053, P = 0.014) . Magnetic resonance imaging of muscles of both thighs of the 10 patients with anti-SRP antibody (6 with DM and 4 with CADM) showed the presence of abnormal signals in the thigh muscle group in 8, swelling of the muscle group in 2, subcutaneous edema in 2, myofascial swelling in 1, and no abnormities in 2. No interstitial lung disease or myocardial involvement was observed in the patients with anti-SRP antibody. Conclusions The anti-SRP antibody-positive patients with DM/CADM showed a high prevalence of angel wings sign , and a high risk of malignant tumors. Early detection of the anti-SRP antibody in patients with DM/CADM is helpful to predict the occurrence of malignant tumors. Key words: Dermatomyositis; Polymyositis; Signal recognition particle; Skin manifestations

Regularities in the Dynamics of Age-Specific Indicators of Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms in Russian Population

Every year, more than 600 000 (617 177 in 2017) new cases of malignant neoplasms (MNPs) are registered in Russia, and annual cancer mortality exceeds 290 000 (290 622 in 2017). Malignant tumors rank second (15.9% in 2017) after cardiovascular mortality (48.8% in 2017), while success in their treatment elevated MNPs to first place in some economically developed countries. In many administrative territories of Russia, the proportion of MNP in the total mortality is 20–25%. MNPs are mass noncommunicable diseases that are most strongly associated with the age structure of the population. More than 70% (72.59%) of patients and ~80% (79.07%) of deaths in Russia are registered in patients at retirement age. From the 1960 census to the present, the proportion of people of retirement age group in the age structure of the population has doubled, which, of course, affected the MNP incidence and mortality rate. The system of population-based cancer registers created in the 1990s contributed to the improved reliability of the consolidated data provided by the country’s oncological service. This opened up the opportunity to conduct in-depth epidemiological studies of the prevalence of MNP. This work pays special attention to the age patterns in the dynamics of MNP mortality indicators in the Russian population and takes into account the gender of the patients and the prevailing localization of neoplasms. The presented dynamics includes structural specifics of oncopathology for men and women of various age groups. The established patterns of reduced mortality in Russia’s population expressed in standardized indicators over a long period indicate that the anticancer policies pursued in the country have achieved real success.

Epidemiological study of the hand tumors in Tunisia: About 383 cases

Background: Tumors of the hand constitute a reason for regular consultation. They represent 15% of the soft-tissue tumors. Epidemiological data available in this area remain few and sometimes discordant as to the regained prevalence. In this context, it appeared interesting to carry out a study of these lesions to try to identify the epidemiological notions relevant to the daily medical practice. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of all hand tumors operated on in the Orthopedic Department of Sahloul University Hospital in Sousse, Tunisia over a period of 18 yr. Results: During the period of our study, 383 patients were admitted with a diagnosis of hand tumor. A female predominance was found: 221 women, or 58% of the cases. The average age of patients was 39.5 yr with extremes ranging from 1 to 94 yr. There were 221 soft-tissue tumors (i.e. 57.7% of our population), 114 skin-tissue tumors (29.8%), and 48 bone tumors (12.5%). The prevalence of malignant tumors was therefore 6.26%. Conclusions: Our series included 385 hand tumors in 383 patients. It was the sixth largest population in the literature. The data found in this study are comparable to other published data. Soft-tissue tumors were the most frequent, with a prevalence ranging from 69.7% to 97.4%. The prevalence of cutaneous tumors varied from 4.5 to 35.6%. They are benign in 72% to 95%. Finally, in view of these epidemiological data, we can only suggest certain etiopathogenic hypotheses whose truths remain to be confirmed by research.

THE DYNAMICS OF THE DETECTION OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE LIPS AND ORAL MUCOSA IN THE MOSCOW REGION

The analysis of the prevalence of malignant neoplasms (EIT) on the lips and oral cavity according to the annual report on Russia prepared by the Moscow Oncology research Institute named after P. A. Herzen and the Moscow regional oncologic dispensary. The dynamics of the analysis was carried out for 2011 - 2017 years. The detectability of the lip and oral cavity ZNO in the Moscow region is significant. The incidence of malignant tumors of the oral cavity is more pronounced in comparison with the ZNO lips. The extent of the EIT I-II degree are more characteristic of ZNO lips, and for TESTING of the oral cavity II-III degree. Mortality during the first year after diagnosis was established in every fourth patient with oral HEAT. The prevalence of lip ZNO for the period from 2011 to 2017 decreases, and the ZNO of the oral cavity increases.

Comparative trends in prevalence of malignant neoplasms lip in Russia and Moscow region

Comparative trends in prevalence of malignant neoplasms lip in Russia and Moscow region