Prevalence Of Interpersonal Violence Research Articles

Are some sports riskier than others? An investigation into child athlete experiences of interpersonal violence in relation to sport type and gender

Interpersonal violence in sport has serious consequences for athletes, sports organisations and society at large. Despite recent advances in safeguarding sport participants from interpersonal violence, empirical evidence regarding its prevalence and risk factors across different sports remains scarce. In this study, we investigated differences in the prevalence of interpersonal violence among a convenience sample of 9989 adults from six European countries who participated in organised sport before age 18. Utilising binary logistic regression analyses and CHAID regression tree analyses, we examined variations in reported experiences of neglect, psychological, physical, non-contact sexual and contact sexual forms of interpersonal violence based on gender and three sport classifications: type of sport (individual vs. team), sports attire (non-revealing vs. body-fitting/revealing) and weight-sensitivity (less weight-sensitive vs. weight-sensitive sports). Men participating in team sports reported significantly higher levels of victimisation across all types of interpersonal violence. Women in sports with non-revealing attire and men in less weight-sensitive sports also reported higher prevalence rates. The study underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of interpersonal violence characteristics and dynamics across different sports. Insights into the factors influencing victimisation enable tailored prevention and response strategies to be developed to better address the needs of athletes and sport organisations.

Interpersonal Violence Against Indigenous Sámi and Non-Sámi Populations in Arctic Sweden and the Mediating Effect of Historical Losses and Discrimination.

The prevalence of interpersonal violence has been reported at higher levels among Indigenous than non-Indigenous populations worldwide, but has not been thoroughly investigated among the Sámi population in Sweden. The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) the prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual violence and violence by intimate partners, family members, acquaintances, and strangers among participants identifying as Sámi or Swedish, (2) whether reporting experiences of historical losses and discrimination mediated the anticipated association between identifying as Sámi and reporting experiences of violence, and (3) whether background characteristics were associated with reporting experiences of violence. Cross-sectional questionnaire data collected in 2021 for the "Health and Living conditions in Sápmi" study were used. All adults in an arctic region in Sweden were invited to participate (response rate: 41%). Respondents self-identifying as Sámi (n = 375; 24.7%) or Swedish (n = 1,144; 75.3%) were included in this study. Sámi respondents of both sexes more often reported violence by an acquaintance or stranger. Likewise, more Sámi than Swedish women reported family violence (16.4% vs. 9.2%), but there was no difference concerning intimate partner violence (13.3% vs. 15.4%). Mediation analyses revealed strong positive indirect effects of historical losses and discrimination on the different types of violence. Being female was the strongest predictor of reporting intimate partner violence, and younger age was associated with violence by all perpetrators except family members. In conclusion, interpersonal violence was more often reported by Sámi respondents, but the association was explained in full by experiences of historical losses and discrimination. The results underline the importance of a life-course and even intergenerational and historical perspectives when investigating interpersonal violence.

Prevalence of interpersonal violence against children in sport in six European countries

BackgroundInvestigating prevalence of child abuse in sport is a relatively new field of research, born from the need for credible data on this phenomenon. ObjectiveTo establish prevalence rates of interpersonal violence against children in sport in six European countries. Participants and settingThe sample (N = 10,302) consists of individuals aged 18–30 who had participated in organized sport prior to age 18 (49.3 % male, 50 % female). MethodsA self-report questionnaire was developed (the Interpersonal Violence Against Children in Sport Questionnaire or IVACS-Q) to measure prevalence of five categories of interpersonal violence (neglect, psychological violence, physical violence, non-contact sexual violence, and contact sexual violence) against children who participate in sport. Validation testing (published separately) showed reasonable levels of convergent and divergent validity. Prevalence rates are calculated by national context, whether inside or outside sport, and by sex (male/female). ResultsPrevalence of IVACS inside sport differed by category: psychological violence (65 %, n = 6679), physical violence (44 %, n = 4514), neglect (37 %, n = 3796), non-contact sexual violence (35 %, n = 3565), and contact sexual violence (20 %, n = 2060). Relatively small geographical differences were found. Across all categories, males (79 %, n = 4018) reported significantly more experiences inside sport than females (71 %, n = 3653) (χ2(1) = 92.507, p < .000). Strong correlations were found between experiencing violence inside and outside sport. ConclusionsInterpersonal violence against children in sport is widespread. The sector's approach to prevention must recognize the risks to female and male children (and all children) and the additional vulnerabilities of abused children. Further comparative and longitudinal research within sport is required.

At the movies: The changing face of interpersonal violence in cinema

IntroductionThe negative effects of media exposure to interpersonal violence (IPV) have been a controversial topic for decades. Our aims were to identify the prevalence and trend of maxillofacialrelated IPV in top grossing movies 50 years apart to look for changing patterns of portrayal in mainstream cinema. MethodsThe 20 highest-grossing movies from 1970 to 2020 were identified. Each instance of maxillofacial-related IPV was identified and the following data points were analyzed: type of IPV (blunt/penetrating), the injury sustained, gender of the assailant and the victim as well as their relationship, the use of drugs and/or alcohol, any physical and/or legal consequences and if hospitalisation was required. ResultsFrom the movies examined, 13/20 in 1970 and 14/20 in 2020 showed episodes of maxillofacial-related IPV. There was a higher number overall of maxillofacial-related IPV in 2020 (n=54) compared to 1970 (n=30). In 1970s movies, assailants were more frequently known to their victims (96.7 % vs 66.7 %, p=0.01) and maxillofacial-related IPV was more likely to involve alcohol and/or drugs (16.7 % vs 1.9 %, p=0.01). Victims were rarely hospitalized in either 1970 or 2020 cinema (0 % and 3.7 % respectively), assailants rarely suffered legal consequences (13.3 % and 5.6 % respectively) and these differences were not significant. ConclusionLittle has changed in mainstream cinema concerning the prevalence of maxillofacial-related IPV between 1970 and 2020, but there are subtle differences in how this is portrayed. The overarching notion that such injuries do not culminate in either hospitalisation and/or legal ramifications remains.

Social Cognitive Theory-Based Interventions to Address Interpersonal Violence Among Hispanic Youth-A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The prevalence of interpersonal violence among Hispanic youth is high and effective interventions are sparse yet needed to prevent and address interpersonal violence. Theory-based interventions are crucial for creating robust interventions for public health concerns, such as interpersonal violence. Methods: In our systematic literature review, we sought to examine social cognitive theory (SCT)-based Interventions addressing interpersonal violence among Hispanic youth. Searching in both English and Spanish, we used the search engines, PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Lilacs, and restricted the years to 2010-2022. Results: Self-efficacy and normative beliefs were the two most commonly addressed SCT constructs in the interventions. SCT-based interventions were found to increase confidence in not engaging in negative behaviors and improve coping skills. Moreover, within the context of implementing SCT-based interventions, school-based interventions and Participatory Action Research, were foundational to the SCT-based interventions. Conclusion: Overall, SCT-based interventions were found to be effective in interpersonal violence mitigation and reduction among Hispanic youths. There was a synergistic effect between the number of SCT constructs incorporated in an intervention and the positive results of the intervention. Thus, future studies are both needed and should robustly incorporate SCT constructs to yield the best possible outcomes.

The missed pandemic: Intimate partner violence in female mental-health-care-users during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)and interpersonal violence (IPV) in mentally ill women are often neglected andneed to be reviewed in light of the suggested increase in IPV during theCOVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the prevalence ofACEs and IPV in women living with severe mental illness (SMI) attending anoutpatient psychiatry service at a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, SouthAfrica, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also describedthe association of ACEs with later IPV. A written survey comprising socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire, WHO Adverse Childhood ExperiencesInternational Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) for ACEs and the Women abuse screeningtool (WAST) for IPV, was completed by the 154 women with SMI. 141 (91.6%) participants scoredpositive for ACEs and 104 (67.5%) had experienced three or more ACEs. The mostprevalent forms of ACEs were emotionalneglect 72 (46.8%), one or no parents, parental separation, or divorce 104(67.5%), contact sexual abuse 67 (43.5%) and witnessing a household membertreated violently 67 (43.5%). Sixty-one (46.6%) participants reported IPV withscores 13 (indicative of abuse). On logistic regression,experience of three ormore ACEs was significantly associated with IPV in adulthood (aOR 3.3, 95% CI:1.2-9.6). Thehigh prevalence of IPV and association of IPV with cumulative ACEs reflectfirstly the hidden epidemic of domestic violence and secondly the vulnerabilityof those with ACEs to become victims of abuse later which is often missed in the care of women with SMI.

ANÁLISE DA VIOLÊNCIA INTERPESSOAL E AUTOPROVOCADA NA PESSOA IDOSA

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence of interpersonal and self-inflicted violence in older adults in the state of Espírito Santo and its association with victim and aggression characteristics. Method: this is a cross-sectional study with data on notifications of elder abuse registered in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil between 2011 and 2018 in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). Violence nature (interpersonal or self-inflicted) and victim and aggression characteristics were assessed. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Poisson regression with robust variance. The association was presented by Prevalence Ratio (PR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI). Results: the prevalence of interpersonal violence was 85.0% (95%CI: 83.3-86.5), and of self-inflicted violence was 15.0% (95%CI: 13.5-16.7). Interpersonal elder abuse was associated with higher prevalence in female victims, aged 80 years or older, black/brown and without disability/disorder, with repetition history, with suspected use of alcohol, outside the residence, in urban areas and motivated by intolerances. On the other hand, self-inflicted violence among older adults was more prevalent in male victims, aged 60 to 69 years, white, with disabilities/disorders, when aggression occurred at home, without repetition history, without suspicion of alcohol use, in rural areas and without intolerance. Conclusion: Victim and aggression characteristics influence the occurrence of interpersonal and self-inflicted violence in older adults.

Understanding the Prevalence Rates of Interpersonal Violence Experienced by Young French-Speaking Swiss Athletes.

Facing the important methodological limitations of the instruments used for assessing the prevalence of interpersonal violence faced by young athletes, the aim of the present study was to propose and describe the use of a research instrument adapted to young and French-speaking athletes. In addition, by collecting preliminary data with a Swiss sample, we aimed to measure the different forms of interpersonal violence young athletes have experienced at least once during their sport practice. Our questionnaire was based on three existing questionnaires and adapted for a young audience. Regarding prevalence, results showed that among the 210 respondents, 75% declared psychological violence, 53% physical violence, 28% sexual violence and 21% reported no violence. The other results showed that this instrument appears to be well-structured to measure interpersonal violence and understandable for young athletes. Based on the strengths and limits of our instrument, the methodological need of standardization of research instruments is discussed in line with a need of more studies to fully understand the phenomenon.

Epidemiological profile of interpersonal violence in Brazil between 2015 and 2019

The objective was to determine the prevalence of interpersonal violence between 2015 and 2019, based on notifications from the Unified Health System (SUS). This is an ecological study with metadata from SINAN/DATASUS on notifications of violence over a period of 05 years. A total of 1,534,146 cases of violence were reported in several categories: physical violence; psychological violence; neglect/abandonment; sexual violence; torture; financial/economic violence; Child labor; legal intervention; trafficking in persons; and other types of violence. The main victims of violence were women (77.55%), white (40.40%), with incomplete higher education (13.93%), single (38.08%) and heterosexual (50.15%). Violence was characterized by sexism as the main motivation (8.88%), with physical violence being the most prevalent (60.78%). As for the means of aggression, force/body beating (42.98%) was the most used against the victim. The majority profile of the aggressor was male (54.54%), adult (45.52%), victim's spouse (13.61), not alcoholic (43.41%). These results demonstrate the importance of preventing violence, especially in the home environment, perpetrated by intimate partners, family members and acquaintances of the victim. The study provides, to date, one of the largest samples of interpersonal violence reported by health professionals in Brazil.

Interpersonal violence among in-school adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: Assessing the prevalence and predictors from the Global School-based health survey

Interpersonal violence in adolescents has over the years grown into a serious public health problem that merits a robust intervention. This study, therefore, assessed the prevalence and predictors of interpersonal violence among in-school adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The study involved a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Global School-based Health Survey conducted between 2012 and 2017 from eight sub-Saharan African countries. A total of 14,967 in-school adolescents aged 10–19 years were included in the pooled analysis. A multivariable binomial logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of interpersonal violence using the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The overall prevalence of interpersonal violence among in-school adolescents in SSA was 53.7%. The odds of interpersonal violence were higher among adolescents who were bullied (aOR = 2.52, 95% CI = 2.23–2.85), had an injury (aOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 2.15–2.72), had suicidal attempts (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.16–1.70), were truant (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.33–1.72), used alcohol (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.06–2.11), and used tobacco (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.23–1.74). In-school adolescents with peer support, parents or guardians bonding, those whose parents or guardians respected their privacy, and those aged 15 years or older were less likely to experience interpersonal violence. These factors provide education directors and school heads/teachers with relevant information to guide the design of specific interventions such as parent-teacher meetings and programs, peer educator network system, face-to-face counseling sessions, Rational Emotive Behavioural Education (REBE) and substance use cessation therapy to prevent interpersonal violence, particularly physical fights and attacks in school settings. Also, students should be sensitized on the negative effects of interpersonal violence and those who have been exposed to it should be counselled. School rules should be strengthened and appropriate punishment given to students who engage in violence baheviours in schools in order to deter others from engaging in them.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Interpersonal Violence among In-School Adolescents in Ghana: Analysis of the Global School-Based Health Survey Data

Interpersonal violence is a critical public health concern that is linked with many negative consequences, including mortality. It is the second most predominant cause of death among male adolescents aged 15–19. This study used a nationally representative data from the recent Ghana Global School-based Health Survey to examine the prevalence and factors associated with interpersonal violence among Ghanaian in-school adolescents. A total of 2214 in-school adolescents were included in the final analysis. Multivariable binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors assciated with interpersonal violence. The results of the regression analysis were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence level (CI) in all the analyses. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. The overall prevalence of interpersonal violence was 55.7%, of which the prevalences of physical fighting and attack were 38.2% and 41.5%, respectively. In-school adolescents who had an injury were more likely to experience interpersonal violence (aOR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.71–3.06) compared with those who did not have an injury. The odds of interpersonal violence were higher among in-school adolescents who were bullied (aOR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.84–3.34) compared with those who were not bullied. In addition, in-school adolescents who attempted suicide (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.22–2.47), consumed alcohol at the time of the survey (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.15–3.06), and were truant (aOR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.29–1.99) had higher odds of experiencing interpersonal violence. These factors provide education directors and school heads/teachers with the relevant information to guide them in designing specific interventions to prevent interpersonal violence, particularly physical fights and attacks in the school settings. School authorities should organize parent–teacher meetings or programs to help parents improve their relationships with in-school adolescents to prevent or minimize their risky behaviors, including physical fights.

Interpersonal Violence during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

The government issued a country-wide lockdown in Nepal as a measure to curb the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in various difficult experiences which includes financial loss, separation from loved ones, grief, uncertainty over disease status and loss of freedom. During these stressful situations, interpersonal violence is likely to be aggravated. To avoid the occurrence of adverse events such as impulsive acts, homicide, or suicide, it is important to identify high-risk individuals. This is a descriptive cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, online survey by convenience sampling. The prevalence of different types of interpersonal violence with socio-demographic factors, substance use, and overall mental wellbeing was assessed by using descriptive statistical tests. Out of total 556 participants included in the analysis, 50.9% (283) were male and 48.7% (271) were female. There were 100 (18.0%) participants who reported being a victim of interpersonal violence and 101 (18.2%) participants who reported being a perpetrator during the lockdown. The victims of violence were more likely to be living with their spouse alone. The victims and perpetrators were also more likely to have increased alcohol and tobacco use. More number of victims and perpetrators had lower mental wellbeing scores on the WHO wellbeing index. There was prevalence of interpersonal violence during the COVID-19 lockdown. In addition to the fear regarding pandemic, victims have to face domestic violence placing them at a double injustice. Identification of vulnerable groups and proper management of survivors must be prioritized given the unanimous consensus on the rise of interpersonal violence during periods of heightened stress.

The Prevalence of Interpersonal Violence (IPV) Against Women and its Associated Variables: An Exploratory Study in the Rongo Sub-County of Migori County, Kenya.

Interpersonal violence (IPV) within intimate partner relationships and gender-based violence remain major public health problems worldwide; 44.8% of Kenyan women have reported experiencing IPV beginning after the age of 15 years (National Bureau of Statistics Nairobi, Kenya, 2015). Combatting IPV and its sequelae is integral to promoting gender equality, a key target of the Sustainable Development Goals. We quantify the lifetime prevalence of IPV among women in two rural Kenyan communities, as well as factors associated with IPV in this area, such as educational attainment and severe depression. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based survey of households in the North and East Kamagambo wards of Migori County, Kenya in May 2018. A questionnaire regarding IPV was given to female respondents. Group-wise comparisons and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to describe community prevalence and factors associated with IPV against women. A total of 873 women completed questions about IPV, representing a population estimate of 11,252 women in the study area. Lifetime IPV prevalence in the study area was 60.3%. Variables associated with IPV included involvement in a polygamous marriage (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.13, 2.88]; p = .013), attaining six or fewer years of education (aOR: 1.84; 95% CI: [1.27, 2.66]; p = .001), and IPV exposure in girlhood (aOR: 1.59; 95% CI: [1.12, 2.28]; p = .011). IPV was independently associated with experience of emotional abuse (OR: 11.22; 95% CI: [7.02, 17.95]; p < .001) and severe depression (OR: 3.51; 95% CI: [1.03, 11.97]; p = .045). Violence against women is a public health emergency in Migori County, Kenya. Low educational attainment, IPV exposure in girlhood, and polygamy were significantly associated with experience of IPV. Our results provide hyper-local data necessary for targeted interventions and generalizable data with sampling methods for use by other implementing organizations in sub-Saharan Africa.

Contagion of Violence Across the Life Course: Phenotypes of Child Maltreatment, Intimate Partner Violence and Elder Abuse in a U.S. Chinese Population

Background: Victims of interpersonal violence might have higher risks of re-experiencing violence, which has been insufficiently examined among the older populations. Even less is known about the interconnectedness among violence phenotypes in minority populations. Method: The study used cross-sectional data collected of 3,157 U.S. Chinese older adults (aged 60 or older) in Chicago to assess phenotypes (psychological, physical/sexual, financial exploitation, caregiver neglect) of child maltreatment (CM), intimate partner violence (IPV), and elder abuse (EA). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine interconnectedness among these relationships. Findings: Prevalence of interpersonal violence was 11·4% for CM (physical/sexual 10·2%, psychological: 2·4%), 6·5% for IPV (psychological: 5·3%, physical/sexual: 2·8%), and 15·2% for EA (caregiver neglect: 11·2%, psychological: 9·8%, financial exploitation: 9·3%, physical/sexual: 1·2%). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, CM psychological was associated with increased risks for IPV psychological (OR 7·60, 95% CI 4·29-13·45), IPV physical/sexual (OR 4·06 CI 1·71-9·63), EA psychological (OR 3·79, 95% CI 2·20-6·51), and EA financial exploitation (OR 2·07, 95% CI 1·12-3·81). CM physical/sexual was associated with increased risks for IPV physical/sexual (OR 1·86, 95% CI 1·02-3·38), EA psychological (OR 1·70, 95% CI 1·20-2·42) and EA financial exploitation (OR 2·38, 95% CI 1·72, 3·30). IPV were associated with increased risks for all EA subtypes except for caregiver neglect. Interpretation: Professionals working with older adults should be informed that a history of interpersonal violence might further predispose one to EA. The cumulative impact of violence should also be considered when providing services or care to violence victims. Funding Statement:The authors declare: None to report. Declaration of Interests: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest regarding the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Ethics Approval Statement: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Rush University Medical Center.

Factors associated with interpersonal violence among children from public schools in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.

The school has witnessed the growth of manifestations of interpersonal violence among children, and in this perspective, this paper examines the prevalence of interpersonal violence in the relationship between students and the associated factors. This is a cross-sectional study developed with 874 public school students aged 10 and 11 years conducted in 2013. A questionnaire implemented the collection of data that were submitted to bivariate analysis with statistical significance calculation between associations. The results show that the child-perpetrator (83.2%) is associated with the male gender (PR=1.08), as well as being beaten at home (PR=1.13) and having a family that encourages retaliation (PR=1.17). The child-victim (89.5%) is associated with the family that encourages retaliation (PR=1.05), participation in conflicts (93.6%) and age. The 10-year-old child is up to 3.0% more likely to participate in conflicts. The "family that encourages retaliation" is positively associated with the situations of assault, victim condition and participation in conflicts, which entails the reframing of these parental practices.

Teacher-instigated in-school interpersonal violence: Types and prevalence in South African public schools

The study examined types and prevalence of interpersonal violence in South African schools. Data on in-school interpersonal violence by the South African Council of Teachers (SACE) were analysed. The sample consisted of 1 184 teachers (rural = 32.6%, urban = 59.8%, peri-urban = 7.6%). Following logistic regression analyses, results indicated male teachers were the majority offenders. Furthermore, results showed that female teachers and learners were over nine times more likely to be victims of all types of violence, as compared to males. Findings support a social role theory perspective of gendered aggression in which males are likely to resort to physical violence, while females may engage in verbal violence.

Perceived discrimination, cultural identity development, and intimate partner violence among a sample of Hispanic young adults.

Despite the prevalence of interpersonal violence (IPV), scientific understanding of the risk and protective factors for unidirectional and bidirectional IPV, and especially the role of sociocultural variables in these behaviors, is limited. This study investigates the association between ethnic-identity search, ethnic-identity affirmation, perceived discrimination, and unidirectional (victimization only, perpetration only) and bidirectional (reciprocal violence) IPV behaviors among foreign-born and U.S.-born Hispanic young adults. Data are from Project RED (Reteniendo y Entendiendo Diversidad para Salud), a study investigating the effect of psychosocial and sociocultural factors on health behavior among a community sample of Hispanic young adults in Southern California (n = 1,267). Approximately 40% of the sample reported unidirectional or bidirectional IPV, with significant gender differences across the three categories. Compared with men, women had approximately 70% lower odds of victimization (OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.15-0.71), over twice the odds of perpetration (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.98-3.62), and 35% higher odds (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.04-1.81) of bidirectional IPV. Higher ethnic-identity affirmation was protective for victimization (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.81-0.99) and bidirectional IPV (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.62-0.89), whereas higher perceived discrimination scores increased the odds for bidirectional IPV (OR = 1.37 95% CI = 1.26-1.56) and was particularly detrimental for foreign-born participants. Intervention strategies should consider gender-specific risk profiles, cultural contexts, and the influence of sociocultural stressors. Addressing the harmful effects of perceived discrimination and leveraging the protective effects of ethnic-identity affirmation may be promising IPV-prevention strategies for Hispanic young adults. Future research directions and implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

Violencia interpersonal en jóvenes mexicanos y oportunidades de prevención

Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de daños a la salud a causa de la violencia interpersonal en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Material y métodos. Se presenta información sobre las consecuencias de la violencia en México. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012 realizada entre octubre de 2011 y mayo de 2012. El análisis estadístico consistió en calcular prevalencias e intervalos de confianza al 95% para el grupo de adolescentes y jóvenes. Resultados. Cuatro de cada cien jóvenes ha presentado daños a la salud a causa de la violencia interpersonal. La prevalencia de violencia interpersonal es mayor entre los hombres (5.0% hombres, 3.3% mujeres) y el grupo de edad más vulnerable es el de los hombres de 20 a 29 años para las mujeres el hogar es un espacio donde una de cada cuatro reporta sufrir violencia (24.5%). Conclusiones. Es necesario implementar medidas integrales para la población joven, dirigidas a evitar que este problema siga creciendo tanto en frecuencia como en sus diversas expresiones y espacios.

1675 – Co-occurring substance misuse in clients presenting to a psychiatric unit in a general hospital in jamaica

Introduction Co-Occurring Substance Misuse is associated with negative effects on psychiatric illnesses with implications for medication compliance, relapse and treatment outcome. Aims To contribute to research in the area of Co-occurring Substance Misuse in the Caribbean in general and Jamaica in particular. Objectives To determine the prevalence of Co-occurring Substance Misuse, associated demographic characteristics and reports of interpersonal violence. Method A cross-sectional study design was used with consenting patients admitted to the Psychiatric Unit at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston over the period March 2011 to September 2011. Data collection utilized a researcher administered Background Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 18.0 (SPSS 18.0). Results Of 100 consenting patients, 36 (36%) were diagnosed as having Co-occurring Substance Misuse, 31 (83.8%) males and 5 (13.5%) females, mean age 27.17 ± 9.6 years, range 14-59 years. Past year alcohol (86.5%), tobacco (86.5%), marijuana (89.2%) and cocaine (13.9%) use were reported, with the majority of patients (94.4%) reporting polysubstance use. The mean age of onset for alcohol was 14.3 yrs, tobacco, 14.8 yrs, cannabis, 16.5 yrs and cocaine 21.4 years. 70% were diagnosed with a Psychotic Disorder and 30% had a Mood Disorder. A high prevalence of interpersonal violence (77.8%) was reported. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of Co- morbid Substance Misuse in this sample of patients. Patients should be screened on admission for Co-morbid Substance Misuse and a combined, integrated approach to the management of these patients should be established.

Prevalence of interpersonal violence against community-living adults with disabilities: A literature review.

To review the empirical literature on the prevalence of interpersonal violence (IPV) against people with disabilities. The authors searched for, obtained, and reviewed 6,000 abstracts published between January, 2000 and August, 2010 via searches in PsycINFO and PubMed. Subsequently, 177 potentially applicable full-text articles were independently assessed for inclusion; 22 articles describing 21 individual studies were included in this review. The prevalence of IPV varied depending on the time frame, the definition and type of violence, perpetrator, and disability. Prevalence of any type of IPV among women with disabilities ranged from 26.0%-90.0% for lifetime; 4.9%-29.1% for the past 5 years; and 2.0%-70.0% for the past year. In some studies, when compared to women without disabilities, women with disabilities experienced more lifetime, 5 year, and past year physical and sexual IPV. Prevalence of any IPV in men with disabilities ranged from 28.7%-86.7% for lifetime; 24.9% for the past 5 years; and 36.7% for the past year. IPV occurs at elevated and disproportionate rates among women and men with disabilities, especially when assessed over the course of their lives. Future research that relies on standard definitions of disability and violence, uses accessible measurement, and examines IPV in diverse populations of people with disabilities will strengthen future reviews and better inform research and policy priorities on disability and violence.