Prevalence Of Injuries In Athletes Research Articles

Does the Fight Profile Interfere with Orthopedic Injuries in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu?

PurposeTo evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of orthopedic injuries associated with the technical-tactical profiles of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) fighters, according to the fighters’ graduation level (beginner and advanced).Patients and MethodsCross-sectional study, which included the participation of amateur and professional BJJ athletes, aged between 18 and 60 years and practitioners of the sport for at least six months. All answered a mixed self-reported morbidity questionnaire. Participants were divided into four groups, according to the technical-tactical profile in the fight (keeper and passer) and the fighter’s graduation level (beginner and advanced), and also into four subgroups, divided by joining the groups in pairs above. Descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were used, with a level of statistical significance set at 5% (p < 0.05).ResultsA total of 198 participants were included in the study. There was a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in advanced fighters (p<0.001), with no significant difference between the profiles of guard and passer fighters. Sprains were the most common type of injury in all studied groups and subgroups. The anatomical segments knee and shoulder, respectively, were the most affected in all groups, and both segments showed significant associations of the athletes in the advanced and guard groups.ConclusionThe study showed important data for creation of specifics injury prevention protocols, through the higher prevalence of injuries in athletes of the advanced profile and in the segments of the knee and shoulder, with emphasis on the guard fighters.

Prevalência de injúrias dentárias e orofaciais e o conhecimento dos atletas sobre as condutas emergenciais

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência das injúrias traumáticas dentárias em atletas e o conhecimento dos esportistas sobre as condutas emergenciais em casos de traumatismos dentários, assim como a frequência do uso de protetores bucais. Material e Métodos: foram avaliados 179 esportistas, com idades entre 7 e 28 anos, atletas amadores de futebol, na cidade de Campinas-SP, através da aplicação de um questionário para avaliar os conhecimentos sobre a conduta a ser tomada em caso de trauma dentário, experiência anterior e os tipos de injúrias sofridas durante a prática esportiva, relação atleta/cirurgião-dentista e uso do protetor bucal. Os esportistas foram também examinados clinicamente, avaliando presença de lesões traumáticas, tratamento realizado/sequelas, grupamento dental, número de dentes afetados, selamento labial e overjet incisal. Resultados: a média de idade encontrada foi de 14,8 anos. A maioria (72,6%) relatou nunca ter recebido qualquer informação a respeito de trauma dentário. Em relação ao uso do protetor bucal, apenas 2,8% relataram usar; 43% dos entrevistados não saberiam como proceder em um caso de avulsão dentária. Conclusão: a prevalência de trauma dentário verificado durante o exame clínico na população estudada foi de 12,7%. O conhecimento sobre as condutas pós-trauma foram insuficientes. O uso dos protetores bucais entre os atletas avaliados foi baixo

Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes: a systematic-review and meta-analysis.

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining optimal bone health. The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes is currently unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Multiple databases were searched and studies assessing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status in athletes were identified. Serum 25(OH)D is measured to clinically determine vitamin D status. Reviewers independently selected the eligible articles, assessed the methodological quality, and extracted data. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Weighted proportions of vitamin D inadequacy [serum 25(OH)D <32 ng/mL] were calculated (DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model) and compared using Chi-squared (χ (2)) test. Subgroup analyses were conducted and risk ratios (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Twenty-three studies with 2,313 athletes [mean (standard deviation) age 22.5 (5.0) years, 76 % male] were included. Of 2,313 athletes, 56 % (44-67 %) had vitamin D inadequacy that significantly varied by geographical location (p < 0.001). It was significantly higher in the UK and in the Middle East. The risk significantly increased for winter and spring seasons (RR 1.85; 95 % CI 1.27-2.70), indoor sport activities (RR 1.19; 95 % CI 1.09-1.30), and mixed sport activities (RR 2.54; 95 % CI 1.03-6.26). The risk was slightly higher for >40°N latitude [RR 1.14 (95 % CI 0.91-1.44)] but it increased significantly [RR 1.85 (1.35-2.53)] after excluding the Middle East as an outlier. Seven studies with 359 athletes reported injuries. The prevalence of injuries in athletes was 43 % (95 % CI 20-68) [bone related = 19 % (95 % CI 7-36); muscle and soft-tissue = 37.5 % (95 % CI 11.5-68.5)]. Despite the limitations of the current evidence, the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes is prominent. The risk significantly increases in higher latitudes, in winter and early spring seasons, and for indoor sport activities. Regular investigation of vitamin D status using reliable assays and supplementation is essential to ensure healthy athletes. The prevalence of injuries in athletes is notable but its association with vitamin D status is unclear. A well-designed longitudinal study is needed to answer this possible association.

Surgical Restoration/Repair of Articular Cartilage Injuries in Athletes

Articular cartilage injuries of the knee are an increasingly common source of pain and dysfunction, particularly in the athletic population. In the athlete, untreated articular cartilage defects can represent a career threatening injury and create a significant obstacle in returning to full athletic participation. The markedly limited healing potential of articular cartilage often leads to continued deterioration and progressive functional limitations. Numerous studies have shown that full thickness articular cartilage lesions are frequently encountered at the time of arthroscopy, particularly associated with athletic injury. A variety of surgical treatment options exist, including debridement, microfracture, osteochondral autograft, osteochondral allograft, and autologous chondrocyte implantation. Each technique has advantages and limitations for restoring articular cartilage function, and emerging technology continues to improve the results of treatment. Our article provides an evidence-based review on the etiology and prevalence of articular cartilage injuries in athletes, along with the principles and techniques available for restoring articular cartilage function following injury.