Prevalence Of hrHPV Genotypes Research Articles

High-risk human papillomavirus infection among Nigerian women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection and its associated risk factors among Nigerian women. Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched for studies published between 01 January 2001 and 31 December 2022, that had reported hrHPV infection and associated risk factors among women in Nigeria from ages of 25 to 65 years. Of the 136 records initially retrieved, 18 were eligible for analysis. The prevalence of hrHPV genotypes was 25%, and for hrHPV 16 and 18, were 9% and 10%, respectively. The prevalence of hrHPV among HIV+ve women was 71%. The most common risk factors for hrHPV were age at coitarche and multiple sex partners. hrHPV prevalence is high in women in Nigeria and common among those HIV+ve. Rapid screening for hrHPV genotypes is recommended, and multivalent HPV vaccines should be considered for women.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anal HPV Infection in MSM Living With HIV: Identifying the Target Groups to Prioritize for Immunization

Aims of this study are assessing prevalence of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in male who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV over a period of 5 years and determining risk factors for anal infection from high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes or included in vaccine Gardasil 9. Time-trend, monocentric study on MSM living with HIV who underwent HPV test at anal site from 2015 to 2019. Anal swabs were processed by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect HPV genotypes. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to assess linear trend in HPV prevalence over time and logistic regression models to estimate risk factors. Of the 1352 MSM living with HIV, 168 (12%) were not infected by any HPV genotypes and only 6 were infected with a maximum of 6 genotypes; prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes or those included in the 9-valent vaccine remained stable over time. At multivariable analysis, the risk of carrying at least 1 genotype classified as HR or included in Gardasil 9 was associated with younger age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for younger than 30 years vs older than 45 years (95% confidence interval) 2.714 (1.484 to 4.961), P = 0.001, and 1.868 (1.141 to 3.060), P < 0.013, respectively] and a history of gonorrhea [aOR 2.118 (1.100 to 4.078), P = 0.025, and 1.785 (1.056 to 3.018), P = 0.031, respectively]. Our findings suggest that prevalence remained stable over time and that all MSM with HIV would benefit from Gardasil 9 immunization, particularly the youngest and those with a prior gonococcal infection.

Genetic diversity in L1 ORF of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer with and without human immunodeficiency virus in Botswana and Kenya

BackgroundThe variation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes shapes the risks of cervical cancer and these variations are not well defined in Africa. Nucleotide changes within the L1 gene, nucleotide variability, and phylogeny were explored in relation to HIV in samples from Botswana and Kenya.MethodsA total of 98 HPV-positive cervical samples were sequenced to identify different HPV variants. Phylogenetic inferences were used to determine HPV genotypes and investigate the clustering of sequences between women living with HIV (WLWHIV) and -women not living with HIV (WNLWHIV).ResultsOut of 98 generated sequences, 83.7% (82/98) participants had high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes while 16.3% (16/98) had low-risk (LR) HPV genotypes. Among participants with HR-HPV genotypes, 47.6% (39/82) were coinfected with HIV. The prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes was statistically higher in the Botswana population compared to Kenya (p-value < 0.001). Multiple amino acid mutations were identified in both countries. Genetic diversity differed considerably among WLWHIV and WNLWHIV. The mean pairwise distances between HPV-16 between HIV and HIV/HPV as well as for HPV-18 were statistically significant. Six (6) new deleterious mutations were identified in the HPV genotypes based on the sequencing of the L1 region, HPV-16 (L441P, S343P), HPV-18 (S424P), HPV-45 (Q366H, Y365F), and HPV-84 (F458L). The majority of the patients with these mutations were co-infected with HIV.ConclusionsGenomic diversity and different genomic variants of HPV sequences were demonstrated. Candidate novel mutations within the L1 gene were identified in both countries which can be further investigated using functional assays.

Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in two regions of Peru.

This study aims to discover the most prevalent high-risk (hr) HPV genotypes in the regions of Loreto and La Libertad, Peru. In 2015, cervical cell samples were collected during pelvic examinations from women in the geographically distinct regions of Loreto and La Libertad, Peru. In 2017, additional samples were collected in La Libertad. A total of 429 women between the ages of 18 and 65years living in these regions were enrolled in the study. All samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the hrHPV genotypes 16, 18, and 35. Sample collection from 126 women in 2015 in Loreto revealed an hrHPV incidence of 15.9% (20 of 126), with 60% (12 of 126) of HPV infections due to hrHPV16. Samples from La Libertad revealed an hrHPV incidence of 14.5% incidence (44 of 303) (among 303 women). Of these infections, 38% (17) were attributable to hrHPV type 35 and 20% (9) were due to hrHPV type 16. The prevalence of hrHPV genotypes in Peru may differ from those observed in North America and Europe. Loreto appears to follow the prevalence trend observed in North America, with hrHPV type 16 accounting for the majority of cases. However, hrHPV type 35 may account for a greater contribution to the cervical cancer burden in La Libertad. Further research, specifically on cervical tumor specimens, is needed.

The impact of age and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) status on the prevalence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) in women with persistent hrHPV-positive, cytology-negative screening samples: a prospective cohort study.

To establish the prevalence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) in women referred to colposcopy with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) cytology-negative screening sample according to hrHPV genotype, age at referral and colposcopic performance. Prospective cohort study. Single colposcopy clinic linked to a population-based screening programme. Women referred with persistent hrHPV cytology-negative routine screening samples. Prospective study with descriptive statistics from a single colposcopy unit between June 2014 and July 2019. Prevalence of hrHPV genotypes and CIN2+, positive predictive value for colposcopic impression, and inadequate colposcopic examinations. A total of 3107 women were referred. Prevalence of CIN2+ was highest for persistent HPV16 infections (10.7%) compared with HPV18 (3.6%) or HPVO (4.7%). Prevalence of CIN2+ declined with age (25-34years 14.2% to 55-64years 1.1%) whereas the percentage of women with an inadequate colposcopic examination increased (25-34years 0.9% to 55-64years 29.5%). High-grade colposcopic impression fell over time during the study from 16.1 to 5.1%. The positive predictive value for colposcopic impression of CIN2+ was affected by hrHPV genotype (57.3% for HPV16 versus 32.1% for nonHPV16). The adjunctive use of electrical impedance spectroscopy detected an extra 42 cases of CIN2+, which was irrespective of hrHPV genotype. Primary hrHPV cervical screening increases detection of CIN2+; however, low specificity results in more women being referred to colposcopy with a low prevalence of CIN2+. Colposcopy performs poorly in some groups, particularly with HPVO infections and women over 50years of age. An appropriate threshold for referral to colposcopy in primary hrHPV screening has not been established. Low prevalence of CIN2+ in HPV-positive negative cytology samples. HPV genotype, age and prevalence of CIN2+ affect colposcopic performance.

Prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes and cervical-associated lesions in sexually active young French women following HPV vaccine

BackgroundDespite the availability of safe and effective HPV vaccines in France, more than 80% of girls remain unvaccinated. SettingA regional university hospital referral center in France. ObjectiveTo estimate the overall prevalence and distribution of HPV in vaccinated, sexually active young French women who were screened for cervical cancer by cytology and HPV testing. MethodsHigh-risk HPV (HR-HPV) prevalence, genotype-specific prevalence and extent of multiple infections were assessed in 125 cervical samples from females with available vaccine data using hc2 assay and INNO-LiPA assay. HPV status was analyzed in accordance with cytological data. ResultsIn our series, mean age was 23 years, overall prevalence of HR-HPV was 52% and was correlated with the lesion grade. The diversity of HPV genotypes was broad. Single HR-HPV infections were identified in 11%, 21% and 47% of women with NILM, ASC-US/-H and LSIL respectively. Multiple infections with HR-HPV were detected in 28% of the specimens. Only 24.5% of women with NILM presented infections with 2 genotypes or more, vs 28% of women with ASC-US/-H and 35% of women with LSIL. The overall prevalence of genotypes covered by the quadrivalent vaccine was low (5.9%); with 4.2%, 0%, 0.8% and 0.8% for HPV 16, HPV 18, HPV 6 and HPV 11 respectively. ConclusionAmong HPV-vaccinated young women, HR-HPV are detected at a high rate, and an association with the grade of cytological abnormalities was observed. However, HPV 16 and 18, both targeted by the vaccines, are remarkably rare among young French women since program implementation.

High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (Hpv) Infection in Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization / Okužbe Z Visokorizičnimi Genotipi Humanih Papilomskih Virusov (Hpv) Pri Ženskah, Vključenih V Postopke Zunajtelesne Oploditve

Abstract Objective: The aim of our study was to establish the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection in a population of women included in an in vitro fertilisation (IVF) program and to correlate the outcome of IVF cycles with HPV status. Methods: A total of 195 women undergoing the IVF program were included in the study. A cervical smear for cytological analysis and hr-HPV determination was collected from every woman. RealTime High Risk HPV test (Abbott Molecular Inc., Des Plaines, IL) has been used for the detection of hr-HPV infection. All participants were invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire that included questions regarding medical and sexual history as well as risk factors for HPV infection. HPV 16 and HPV 18 positive women were invited for follow-up gynaecological examinations, including colposcopy 4 to 6 months after the inclusion. Results: Mean age of included infertile women was 33.7 ± 4.36 years. A total of 16/195 women (8.2%) were hr-HPV positive. Hr-HPV infection was not associated with the percentage of mature oocytes, the percentage of fertilised oocytes, with embryo quality or with pregnancy rate in our study. Conclusions: The prevalence of hr-HPV genotypes in Slovenian infertile women undergoing IVF is lower than the hr-HPV prevalence in the general population. We were unable to find an association between hr-HPV cervical infection and the outcome of IVF cycles.

P3.223 HPV Genotype Distribution in HIV-Positive African Women and Associations with High Grade Histological Lesions by CD4+ Count

BackgroundTo assess the prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors for high-risk HPV among HIV-positive African women, and associations with cervical histological lesions.MethodsThe HARP study enrolled HIV-positive women aged 25–50 in...