Prevalence Of High Birth Weight Research Articles

Association between excessive fetal growth and maternal cancer in Shanghai, China: a large, population-based cohort study

The prevalence of high birth weight or large for gestational age (LGA) infants is increasing, with increasing evidence of pregnancy-related factors that may have long-term impacts on the health of the mother and baby. We aimed to determine the association between excessive fetal growth, specifically LGA and macrosomia, and subsequent maternal cancer by performing a prospective population-based cohort study. The data set was based on the Shanghai Birth Registry and Shanghai Cancer Registry, with medical records from the Shanghai Health Information Network as a supplement. Macrosomia and LGA prevalence was higher in women who developed cancer than in women who did not. Having an LGA child in the first delivery was associated with a subsequently increased risk of maternal cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.11). Additionally, in the last and heaviest deliveries, there were similar associations between LGA births and maternal cancer rates (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.04–1.12; HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.05–1.12, respectively). Furthermore, a substantially increased trend in the risk of maternal cancer was associated with birth weights exceeding 2500 g. Our study supports the association between LGA births and increased risks of maternal cancer, but this risk requires further investigation.

Low and high birth weight in a hospital population in Sudan: An analysis of clinical cut-off values.

To determine the cut-off values for low birth weight (LBW) and high birth weight (HBW) of Sudanese newborns. Data (maternal age, parity, birth weight, and gender of the newborn) from women (n=2818) who delivered at Saad Abualila Hospital in Khartoum were retrieved from the medical files. The cut-off for LBW (the 10th centile) was 2400g and the 90th centile (HBW) was 3700g. Out of 2818 newborns, 317 (11.2%) had birth weights below 2400g. Using the WHO (traditional) cut-off of 2500g, the prevalence of LBW was 14.3%. The difference between the two prevalences of LBW was statistically significant (P<0.001). However, the agreement rate between the two was high (κ=0.86). The cut-off to define HBW was 3700g. In the study, 292 (10.4%) newborns had birth weights of at least 3700g. Using the cut-off of 4000g, the prevalence of HBW was 9.5%. The difference between the two prevalences of HBW was statistically significant (P<0.001). However, the agreement rate between the two was low (κ=0.06). The cut-off values for low and high birth weight were 2400 and 3700g, respectively.

Associations between high birth weight, being large for gestational age, and high blood pressure among adolescents: a cross-sectional study

PurposeLow birth weight and being small for gestational age are associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the results from the studies examining the associations between high birth weight (HBW), being large for gestational age (LGA), and high blood pressure (HBP) are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between HBW and being LGA alone and in combinations with body mass index (BMI) categories in adolescence and HBP among Lithuanian adolescents aged 12–15 years.MethodsThe participants with HBP (≥90th percentile) were screened on two separate occasions. Data on the BMI, birth weight (BW), gestational age, and BP were analyzed in 4598 adolescents. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsThe overall prevalence of HBW (>4000 g), being LGA, adolescent overweight/obesity, and HBP were 13.9, 10.4, 14.5, and 25.6%, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, significant positive associations were found between HBW and being LGA and HBP (HBW: aOR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.11–1.63; LGA: aOR 1.44; 95% CI, 1.16–1.79). After adjustment for age and sex and compared to BW 2500–4000 g and being AGA (appropriate for gestational age) with normal weight in adolescence, the combinations that included both risk factors—HBW with overweight/obesity and being LGA with overweight/obesity—showed higher aORs (aOR 4.36; 95% CI, 3.04–6.26; and aOR 5.03; 95% CI, 3.33–7.60, respectively) than those with either of these risk factors alone did.ConclusionsHBW and being LGA were positively associated with HBP in Lithuanian adolescents aged 12–15 years. The highest odds of having HBP were observed for subjects with both risk factors—neonatal HBW or being LGA and overweight/obesity in adolescence.

Rates and Risk Factors in Macrosomic Newborns among Non-Diabetic Parturients at Tiznit City, Morocco: A Case-Control Study

Background: The present study was elaborated to assess the prevalence of high birth weight and its related risk factors for macrosomic infants among women in Southern Morocco. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on term singleton live-births, with no morbidity or malformation, of a sample of (n = 78) nulliparous and multiparous non-diabetic women delivering at Hassan I Provincial Hospital. Cases included neonates ≥ 4000 g, whereas controls comprised infants with birth weight between 2500 and 3999 g. Personal information was collected from pregnant women using a structured questionnaire, and through a review of their medical records. Associations between exposure and dependent variable (macrosomia) were calculated using linear and logistic regressions. Results: Macrosomia prevalence was 35.89%. Mean birth weight in cases was 4310.71 ± 246.96 g, and in controls 3076.00 ± 533.97 g. Maternal lifestyle behaviors, as well as sociodemographic factors were not associated with macrosomia, except for maternal age over 40 years (OR: 4.27, 95% CI: 0.98-18.68). Logistic regression model analysis indicated that macrosomia was strongly associated with hormone therapy (adjusted OR: 18.83, 95% CI: 1.54-214.51), followed by obesity/overweight history (adjusted OR: 7.94, 95% CI: 1.52-41.41), and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2 for pooled overweight and obesity factor (adjusted OR: 5.24, 95% CI: 1.54-17.82). Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy BMI > 25 kg/m2, pre-existing overweight/ obesity, and hormone therapy should be considered as independent risk factors for fetal macrosomia and require more attention from health professionals.

The impact of diabetes insurance mandates on infant health

Among the factors thought to contribute to lagging improvements in infant health in recent years are increasing obesity and diabetes prevalence among women of childbearing age. This article uses a difference‐in‐difference‐in‐difference empirical strategy to investigate the impact of mandated insurance coverage for diabetes on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Among educated women, who have high rates of coverage through private insurance that is subject to insurance mandates, diabetes mandates are associated with a reduction in low birth weight and premature birth prevalence. These gains are concentrated among older women and are larger for African‐Americans. There is a weaker effect on the prevalence of high birth weight, potentially because of the deleterious effects of an increased probability of pregnancy weight gain in excess of 35 pounds among diabetic women in states with mandates.

Relationship between birth weight and overweight/obesity among students in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil: a retrospective cohort study.

Being born heavier than 4 kg is associated with current overweight and obesity over the long term. The objective here was to ascertain whether birth weight was related to overweight or obese status, among 7 to 14-year-old schoolchildren, taking into consideration the possible interactions between socioeconomic factors and other biological variables. Retrospective cohort study on a probabilistic sample of 2,696 children and adolescents living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The following data were collected: anthropometric (student's weight, height and age; and parents' weight and height), socioeconomic (family income, number of people in house and parental schooling level), birth weight and gestational age. Overweight and obesity were classified using percentiles of body mass index and triceps and subscapular skinfolds. The outcome variables were overweight and obesity and the main explanatory variables were birth weight and birth weight according to gestational age. The control variables were the parents' nutritional status, their schooling level and the per capita family income. Poisson multivariate regressions were carried out. Higher prevalence of high birth weight was observed among overweight male adolescents (PR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.02-1.27; P = 0.03), but this was not observed among obese male adolescents. Low birth weight and being born small for gestational age were also not associated with the outcomes. Among overweight and obese children, birth weight was not significantly different from that of normal-weight children. No significant association between birth weight and obesity was observed. However, there was a weak but significant association between high birth weight and overweight, among male adolescents.

The Impact of Diabetes Mandates on Infant Health

Among the factors thought to contribute to lagging improvements in infant health in recent years are increasing obesity and diabetes prevalence among women of childbearing age. This paper uses a difference-in-difference-in-difference empirical strategy to investigate the impact of mandated insurance coverage for diabetes on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Among educated women, who have high rates of coverage through private insurance affected by mandates, diabetes mandates are associated with a reduction in low birth-weight and premature births prevalence. These gains are concentrated among older women and are larger for AfricanAmericans. There is a weaker effect on the prevalence of high birth weight, potentially because of the deleterious effects of an increased probability of weight gain in excess of 35 pounds among diabetic women in states with mandates.

Laboratory work and adverse pregnancy outcomes

Laboratory workers are commonly exposed to chemical, biological and physical agents. They also may adopt poor postures for long periods and be engaged in moving and handling. These factors may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in female laboratory workers. To assess whether laboratory work during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The 1990-2006 Finnish Medical Birth Registry was used to identify all singleton newborns of all Finnish laboratory workers (n = 5425) and those of teachers (n = 21,438) as the reference population. The main outcomes were sexual differentiation (female gender), low birth weight, high birth weight, preterm delivery, post-term delivery, small-for-gestational age (SGA), large-for-gestational age and perinatal death. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for maternal age, parity, marital status and maternal smoking during pregnancy. In the GEE analysis, the risk of low birth weight (adjusted OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08-1.45) and SGA (adjusted OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.52) was higher in laboratory workers than in teachers. Correspondingly the prevalence of high birth weight (> or = 4000 g) was lower in newborns of laboratory workers (adjusted OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.98). The prevalence of post-term deliveries was close to being significantly higher among newborns of laboratory workers (adjusted OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.31). This large population-based study provides evidence that laboratory work may be associated with reduced foetal growth.