Prevalence Of Functional Disability Research Articles

Prevalence of Functional Disabilities and Associations Among Disabilities, Violence, and HIV Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Lesotho

IntroductionLesotho has the second-highest prevalence of HIV. Despite progress in achieving HIV epidemic control targets, inequities persist among certain groups, particularly associations between disability, HIV, and violence. We assessed the prevalence of disability and examined associations between disability and HIV and violence using data from the 2018 Lesotho Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (VACS).MethodsLesotho VACS was a nationally representative survey of females and males ages 13–24. We assessed the associations between disability status and HIV, sexual risk behaviours, and violence using logistic regression, incorporating survey weights.ResultsWeighted functional disability prevalence was 14.1% for females (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.7–15.4) and 7.3% for males (5.3–9.2). Compared with females with no disabilities, females with disabilities had higher odds of being HIV positive (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.92, 1.34–2.76), having transactional sex (aOR 1.79, 1.09–2.95), and experiencing any lifetime violence (aOR 2.20, 1.82–2.65), sexual violence (aOR 1.77, 1.36–2.31), emotional violence (2.02. 1.61–2.53), physical violence (aOR 1.85, 1.54–2.24), witnessing interparental violence (aOR 1.71, 1.46–2.01), and witnessing community violence (aOR 1.52, 1.26–1.84). Males with disabilities had higher odds of having transactional sex (aOR 4.30, 1.35–13.73), having recent multiple sex partners (aOR 2.31, 1.13–4.75), experiencing emotional violence (aOR 2.85, 1.39–5.82), and witnessing interparental violence (aOR 1.78, 1.12–2.84). HIV models for males did not converge due to low numbers.ConclusionFindings emphasize the importance of inclusion and accessibility for adolescents and young adults with disabilities in prevention and services for violence and HIV. Ending HIV in Lesotho depends on addressing the vulnerabilities that lead to potential infection including violence and ensuring equitable services for all.

Functional disability and its associated factors among community- dweller older adults living in Gondar Town, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundFunctional disability is an emerging public health concern that has an impact on the health and quality of life of older adults. If functional disability recognized early, it will be possible to support them to live independently. Although functional disability is extensively researched in developed countries; studies are scarce in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of functional disability in activities of daily living among older adults in Gondar town, Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2022. Multistage sampling techniques were used to recruit 607 older adults aged 60 years and older. A pre-tested interview-administered questionnaire was used to assess functional disability in basic activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living using the Katz Index and Lawton scale, respectively. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were employed. The findings of the study were presented by descriptive statistics and an adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to determine statistical significance.ResultsThe prevalence of functional disability in basic activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living among older adults was 34.5% and 54.4, respectively. Age 80 and older [AOR = 2.41, CI (1.41–4.10)], low-income status [AOR = 2.58, CI (1.50–4.46)], multimorbidity [AOR = 2.97, CI (1.92–4.60)], depression [AOR = 2.97, CI (1.63–5.40)], and low level of physical activity [AOR = 3.31, CI (2.11–5.17)] were associated with basic activities of daily living. Age 80 and older (AOR = 3.11, CI = 1.94-5.00), multimorbidity [AOR = 3.06, CI (2.10–4.46)], and depression [AOR = 3.52, CI (2.10–4.46)] were associated with instrumental activities of daily living.Conclusion and recommendationsOur study finding revealed that functional disability affects a large number of older adult residents. The age group of 80 years and older, low-income status, a low level of physical activity, multimorbidity, and depression were associated with basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Therefore, health interventions designed to increase older adults’ level of physical activity, management of multimorbidity, and depression, more care for elders 80 years and older, and supporting older adults financially for health insurance coverage could be an important strategy to reduce functional disability among older adults.

Comparison of functional disabilities, place of death and end-of-life medical expenditures among centenarians and non-centenarians in China: a series of cross-sectional studies

BackgroundLong-term and end-of-life (EOL) care for older adults has become a global concern due to extended longevity, which is generally accompanied by increased rates of disability. However, differences in the rates of disability in activities of daily living (ADLs), place of death and medical expenditures during the last year of life between centenarians and non-centenarians in China remain unknown. This study aims to fill this research gap to inform policy efforts for the capacity-building of long-term and EOL care for the oldest-old, especially for centenarians in China.MethodsData from 20,228 decedents were derived from the 1998–2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Weighted logistic and Tobit regression models were used to estimate differences in the prevalence of functional disability, rate of death in hospitals and EOL medical expenditures by age groups among oldest-old individuals.ResultsOf the 20,228 samples, 12,537 oldest-old individuals were female (weighted, 58.6%, hereafter); 3,767 were octogenarians, 8,260 were nonagenarians, and 8,201 were centenarians. After controlling for other covariates, nonagenarians and centenarians experienced a greater prevalence of full dependence (average marginal differences [95% CI]: 2.7% [0%, 5.3%]; 3.8% [0.3%, 7.9%]) and partial dependence (6.9% [3.4%, 10.3%]; 15.1% [10.5%, 19.8%]) but a smaller prevalence of partial independence (-8.9% [-11.6%, -6.2%]; -16.0% [-19.1%, -12.8%]) in ADLs than octogenarians. Nonagenarians and centenarians were less likely to die in hospitals (–3.0% [–4.7%, –1.2%]; –4.3% [–6.3%, –2.2%]). Additionally, nonagenarians and centenarians reported more medical expenditures during the last year of life than octogenarians with no statistically significant differences.ConclusionThe oldest-old experienced an increased prevalence of full and partial dependence in ADLs with increasing age and reported a decline in the prevalence of full independence. Compared with octogenarians, nonagenarians and centenarians were less likely to die in hospitals. Therefore, future policy efforts are warranted to optimise the service provision of long-term and EOL care by age patterns for the oldest-old population in China.

Determining the prevalence of functional limitation and the factors affecting it among older adults in need of long-term care in Turkey

ABSTRACT This study aimed to calculate the prevalence of the elderly (aged 60 years+) in Turkey who need long-term care for activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and examine factors affecting functional limitation. Data were collected from the Turkey Health Survey conducted by TurkStat in 2019. The individuals’ dependency degree was measured using seven questions on ADLs and six on IADLs in the survey. The chi-squared test was used to compare the dependency levels of the older adults in terms of age groups, and logistic regression to identify factors related to disability. 23.98% of elderly people required long-term care (minimum six months) —11.82% experienced some difficulty (group 1) and 11.91% experienced great difficulty (group 2); 0.25% were completely dependent (group 3). The dependency level was higher for elderly, female, uninsured, and single people living in northeastern Anatolia. There was statistical significance between depression, Alzheimer's, recent hospitalizations, number of chronic diseases, and disability. The prevalence of functional disability is high in the elderly; one out of four elderly people needs long-term care. Additionally, the disability level increases with age and there is an effect of an individual's sociodemographic and health characteristics on disability.

A Cross Sectional Study on Functional and Psychological Status of Geriatric Population in Urban Areas of Perambalur

Background: Aging is the physiological deterioration in one’s functional & mental capacity. It has been documentedthat geriatric population are more prone to cognitive impairment & depression that leads to functional disability whichin turn makes them dependent on someone for their activities of daily living (ADL). Objective of this study is to find theprevalence of functional disability, cognitive impairment, depression and its association with sociodemographic factorsamong the geriatric population.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to march 2020 among 150 elderly people(>60yr) inurban field practicing area of Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan medical college and hospital, Perambalur in Tamil Nadu.Results: The prevalence of functional disability was 17% (ADL scale) while cognitive impairment was seen in 22% (MMSE)and depression was observed in 35% (PHQ-9) of the study population. Sociodemographic factors such as gender, maritalstatus and type of diet were found to be statistically associated with functional disability among the elderly.Conclusion: More than one-third of the geriatric population had signs of depression while one-fifth of the studypopulation had cognitive impairment. Sociodemographic factors such as female gender and taking mixed diet werefound to be statistically associated with functional disability whereas no association was found for cognition impairmentand depression. The study also provides baseline data on co-morbid conditions in geriatric population which can be usedby the local health authorities for providing comprehensive geriatric care with special focus on depression and cognitiveimpairment.

Is ECOG-PS ≥3 appropriate to guide rehabilitation referral decisions? Using patient-reported outcome measures to examine the prevalence of functional disability in patients with ECOG-PS 0-2.

e18724 Background: Outpatient physical or occupational therapy (PT/OT) can optimize cancer patients’ performance status and ability to complete instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The American College of Sports Medicine recommends referral to PT/OT for those with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) ≥3/5. However, ECOG-PS alone may not accurately indicate needs for PT/OT. We used functional patient reported outcome measures (F-PROM) to quantify the prevalence of functional disability for cancer patients with favorable ECOG-PS (0-2) starting a new line of systemic therapy. Methods: Patients with cancer at a multi-office community-based oncology private practice who were enrolled in a clinical trial (NCT04852575) completed a validated online geriatric assessment (the Cancer Aging Resiliency Evaluation) including F-PROM before starting a new line of systemic treatment. F-PROM included: Patient Reported Outcome Measurement System (PROMIS) - Cognitive Function (4 item, T-score = 41-80); impact of physical/emotional problems on social activities (social impact, 1-item); ability to walk one block (1-item); pain (0-10); and ability to perform nine IADL (3-point Likert scale). We extracted clinical characteristics from medical records, then used descriptive statistics and established F-PROM disability cut off to quantify the prevalence of functional disability. Results: Most patients (N = 86) were female (58%) and diagnosed with stage 3 or 4 (68%) breast (33%) or gastrointestinal cancer (24%). The mean±SD age was 64.3±10.7 years. ECOG was 0 (66%) or 1 (34%); none had ECOG-PS of >2. Across F-PROM, prevalence of disability ranged 24% (cognitive function) to 42% (social impact), see Table. IADL disability was reported by 31% of patients; median number of unique IADL disabilities was 3 (IQR = 1-4). Most common IADL disabilities were housework (29%), shopping (19%), ability to get to places out of walking distance (16%), and meal preparation (14%). Conclusions: Despite favorable ECOG-PS (0-1), 24 to 41% of patients starting a new line of systemic therapy in this study had one or more needs amendable to PT/OT. Future work should identify strategies to integrate F-PROM into routine oncology practice to identify rehabilitation needs and evaluate if subsequent PT/OT improves patient outcomes. Clinical trial information: NCT04852575. [Table: see text]

Projecting Informal Care Demand among Older Koreans between 2020 and 2067.

Background: The number of Korean older people receiving informal care is expected to rise sharply due to aging population. This study makes projections of demand for informal care in community-dwelling older people aged 65 and over in Korea until 2067. Method: The study drew on data collected from waves 4–6 of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2012–2016, n = 12,975). Population data published by Statistics Korea and data from the Long-term Care Insurance Statistical Yearbook for Korea were also used. A macro-simulation model was built to make the projections. Results: The number of older people receiving informal care will increase from 0.71 million in 2020 to 2.2 million in 2067. Demand for informal care from adult children or relatives is projected to rise by 257%, much faster than the increase in demand for spousal care (164%). The estimates are sensitive to alternative assumptions about future mortality rates, fertility rates, patterns of migration, and the prevalence of functional disabilities in the population. Conclusion: Demand for informal care in Korea will rise substantially in the coming decades, and the increase will be uneven for different groups of care users. Our analyses are not only relevant to the long-term care system for the general older population but also have profound implications for intensive users of long-term care in Korea. The findings highlight the importance of accurate identification of unmet needs in the population and timely delivery of government support to older people and their informal caregivers.

The overlapping of geriatric syndromes not medical multimorbidities is a better predictor for depression and disability in hospitalized older people

Introduction: Geriatric syndromes, multimorbidity, and disability are closely interrelated concepts. The presence of different geriatric syndromes and medical comorbidities has major impacts on health and well-being. The medical comorbidities are usually well evaluated and recorded during the initial assessment of hospitalized older adults, while the geriatric syndromes usually remain overlooked. The impact of geriatric syndromes on depression and functional disability needs evaluation. Aim: To determine the impact of geriatric syndromes and medical multimorbidities on predicting functional disability and depression in hospitalized older adults. Methods: 189 hospitalized elderlies were recruited for the study. Each participant underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment to determine medical comorbidities, geriatric syndromes and factors associated with depression and functional disability. Results: The prevalence of functional disability among participants was 39.68% while 28.57% of the participants had depression. The geriatric syndromes accumulation score but not the age adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was able to predict depression and functional disability. In the adjusted model for age, gender, and CCI, the increased number of coexisting geriatric syndromes increased the risk of depression and functional disability [OR: 1.817 (95% confidence interval 1.338-2.793), OR: 1.936 (95% confidence interval 1.338-2.793)]. Conclusions: The geriatric syndromes usually occur simultaneously. The presence of coexisting geriatric syndromes increased the risk of depression and functional disability.

The Prevalence of Functional Disability and Associated Factors among Older People Attending Primary Health-care Centers in Riyadh City

BACKGROUND: The burden of disability among the older population is increasing as older people grow with significant social and economic negative impacts. AIM: This study examines functional disability and its associated risk factors among older Saudi citizens attending primary health-care centers (PHCCs) in Riyadh city. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 504 older Saudi citizens aged ≥60 years who attended a PHCC in Riyadh city between December 2019 and May 2020. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to assessing the disability in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) using the Katz Index and Lawton scale. RESULTS: The prevalence of ADL and IADL disability among participants was 24.6% and 58.5%, respectively. Smoking (p = 0.019), dyslipidemia (p = 0.018), rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.028), history of falls (p = 0.014), and an emergency visit (p = 0.049) were risk factors associated with ADL disability. Predictors of IADL disability were advanced age (p = 0.004), being female (p = 0.029), and the need for a caregiver (p = 0.000). The need for homecare was positively associated with ADL dependency (p = 0.008) and IADL dependency (p = 0.003). Furthermore, regular physical activity was a protective factor against ADL functional disabilities (p = 0.002) and IADL functional disabilities (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: This study found a high prevalence of ADL and IADL disability among elderly Saudis. Disability was associated with several sociodemographic and health status factors. The findings of this study highlight the priority of effective and targeted preventive interventions for disability.

Underuse of Assistive Technology for Overcoming Disabilities in Daily Activities Among Community-Living Older Hispanics: Missed Opportunities

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of physical function disabilities and determine the frequency of assistive technology (AT) use among low-income older Hispanics. The prevalence of functional disabilities was 57.8%. Women were 2.86 times more likely to report a disability than men. The frequency of AT use was low. This highlights the urgent need for AT interventions to address the functional needs of older Hispanic women from low-income communities. Primary Author and Speaker: Elsa Orellano Contributing Authors: Marta Rivero-Méndez, Erick L. Suárez-Pérez, Claudia X. Boneu-Meléndez, Jefrey W. Jutai, Mauricio Lizama-Troncoso, Ivonne Z. Jiménez-Velázquez, and Nelson Varas-Diaz

Sex disparities in the prevalence of physical function disabilities: a population-based study in a low-income community

BackgroundFunctional disability continues to be a significant public health problem that increases older adults’ vulnerability to experience a diminished quality of life, loss of independence, higher healthcare costs and health services utilization, and increased risks of mortality. Thus, we aimed to study the prevalence of functional disabilities by sex according to the types of daily living activities, controlling for specific sociodemographic variables among older Hispanics from low-income communities.MethodsWe used a cross-sectional epidemiological research design, considering a complex sampling design of households to interview adults ≥65 years living in low-income communities in Puerto Rico. Functional disability was measured by the PROMIS® Physical Function Short Form-20 T-score. The selected community was reported to have 5980 adult residents ≥65 years, according to the USA Census. The prevalence of functional disability was estimated using the logistic regression model, weighting by the effect of the sampling. Our estimated prevalence was compared between sexes using the prevalence ratio (PR), which was estimated with logistic regression models, controlling for age, income, number of chronic conditions, high and low impact of chronic conditions in functional disabilities, marital status, and sampling design.ResultsWe recruited 211 older Hispanics from a randomly selected sample. Their mean age was 74.4 ± 7.1 years, with female predominance (57.3%). The overall estimated prevalence of physical function disability using T-score among females was 2.70 (95% CI: 1.4, 5.1) times the estimated prevalence of physical function disability among males. Women were more likely to report functional disabilities in instrumental activities of daily living, self-care activities, and functional mobility compared to males. However, sex differences were largely explained by the presence of musculoskeletal conditions of high impact in functional disability.ConclusionsThe females in our study bear the greater burden of physical function disability in their adult age. Health policies, as well as future studies, should be targeted at reducing the burden of physical function disabilities in different types of daily activities through gender-sensitive disability self-management programs.

Association Between Problem Gambling and Functional Disability: A Nationally Representative Study Conducted in the United Kingdom.

Problem gambling is associated with multiple detrimental health outcomes. However, to date, no study has investigated the association between problem gambling and functional disability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between problem gambling and functional disability in a UK nationally representative sample. Cross-sectional data from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey were analyzed. Problem gambling was assessed using a questionnaire including 10 DSM-IV criteria, whereas functional disability referred to at least 1 difficulty in 1 of 7 activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Control variables included sociodemographic factors, smoking status, alcohol dependence, drug use, the number of chronic physical conditions, depression, and anxiety disorder. The problem gambling-functional disability relationship was studied using a logistic regression model. This study included 6941 adults aged ≥16 years (51.2% women; mean [SD] age 46.3 [18.6] years). The prevalence of functional disability was significantly higher in the at-risk problem gambling/problem gambling group than in the no problem gambling group (46.2% vs 32.1%, P value < 0.001). After adjusting for control variables, both at-risk problem gambling (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.03-2.35) and problem gambling (OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.09-8.52) were positively and significantly associated with functional disability. In this large representative sample of UK adults, problem gambling was associated with higher odds for functional disability. If confirmed with longitudinal studies, these results suggest that those suffering from problem gambling should receive targeted intervention to aid in the prevention of functional disability.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Impairment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older People: A Population Study

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with functional disability for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) among older people in a Brazilian capital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 927 older people in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Lawton’s scale was used to assess IADL. Functional disability was characterized as difficulty in performing at least one activity. Multiple logistic regression was employed for the analysis of association. Results: A 58.2% prevalence of disability was identified, and the most compromised activities were doing manual work, doing the laundry, and ironing. There was an association between disability and old age, poor/very poor self-rated health, cerebrovascular accident, widowhood, cognitive impairment, musculoskeletal disorder, and living alone. Conclusions: The prevalence of functional disability for IADL was higher than that of national and international studies. We verified associated factors that can be modified by health promotion initiatives, which are configured as priority areas for interventions.

Functional disability among elderly: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background:Old age is often associated with functional decline and physical dependence, thus compromising the ability to carry out basic tasks required for daily living. There are very few community-based studies on functional disability among elderly, especially in India. This study was done to find out the prevalence of functional disability and associated risk factors among the elderly in urbanized villages of Delhi.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in two urbanized villages of East Delhi. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to record the socio-demographic and relevant personal details of the elderly (>60 years). Functional disability was defined as a disability in activities of daily living (ADL) or blindness or bilateral hearing impairment or a combination of these. Statistical analysis included simple descriptive analysis and tests of significance like Chi-square test. The multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors of functional disability.Results:Data were collected from 360 study participants. Around one-fourth (25.6%) of the study participants were having a functional disability. Older age, presence of chronic disease, and having possible malnutrition were found to be significant predictors of functional disability among the elderly by applying the multiple logistic regression.Conclusions:Functional disability needs to be identified at an early stage using appropriate tools so that proper interventions can be directed to those who need it to ensure healthy aging.

Correlates of Single Versus Multiple Functional Disabilities Among Aging Americans: Race/Ethnicity and Region of Birth.

Background:Significant racial/ethnic disparities exist in the prevalence of functional disability among older Americans.Objective:The study analyzed the odds of older people in the United States experiencing single and multiple disabilities, by race and region of birth.Method:Data came from the American Community Survey (2011–2015). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used.Results:Region of birth, race/ethnicity, age, citizenship status, duration of stay, sex, marital status, veteran status, educational attainment, poverty status, and class of workers were all significantly associated with reports of either single or multiple disabilities. However, the introduction of the interaction terms for citizenship status by race modified some of the significant results. For instance, being born in Latin America no longer reduced the odds in reports of both single and multiple disabilities. However, compared with Whites and native-born of all races, both Hispanics who were either naturalized or were noncitizens had lower odds of reporting multiple disabilities (27% and 28% lower, respectively), whereas naturalized Hispanics also had significantly reduced odds (22%) for a single disability.Conclusion:These findings add to the disability, race/ethnicity, and place of birth literature.

THE IMPACT OF FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY ON HOSPITALIZATION SPENDING IN SINGAPORE

Singapore is one of the fastest-aging populations due to increased life expectancy and lowered fertility. Lifestyle changes increase the burden of chronic diseases and disability. These have important implications for social protection systems. The goal of this paper is to model future functional disability and healthcare expenditures based on current trends. To project the health, disability and hospitalization spending of future elders, we adapted the Future Elderly Model (FEM) to Singapore. The FEM is a dynamic Markov microsimulation model developed in the US. Our main source of population data was the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) consisting of 63,000 respondents followed up over three waves from 1993 to 2010. The FEM model enables us to investigate the effects of disability compounded over the lifecycle and hospitalization spending, while adjusting for competing risk of multi-comorbidities. Results indicate that by 2050, 1 in 6 older adults will have at least one ADL disability and 1 in 3 older adults will have at least one IADL disability, an increase from 1 in 12 elders and 1 in 5 elders respectively in 2014. The highest prevalence of functional disability will be in those aged 85 years and above. Lifetime hospitalization spending of elders aged 55 and above is US$24,400 (30.2%) higher among people with functional disability compared to those without disability. Policies that successfully tackle diabetes and promote healthy living may reduce or delay the onset of disability, leading to potential saving. In addition, further technological improvements may reduce the financial burden of disability.

Trends in Prevalence of Functional Disability in Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared With the General Population

The objective of the study was to assess trends in functional disability (FD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) vs individuals without RA. This retrospective population-based study included 586 patients with RA and 531 individuals without RA. Information on activities of daily living was obtained from self-report questionnaires. The prevalence of FD was higher in those with RA (586 [26%]) vs those without RA (531 [11%]) at RA incidence/index date (P<.001), with persistent excess over the follow-up and calendar time. Patients with RA had a 15% or higher prevalence of FD than individuals without RA in most age groups. Patients with RA have a higher prevalence of FD across RA duration, age, and calendar time than those without RA.

Prevalence of Functional Disability Due to Neck Pain and Back Pain among Microscope Users of Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India

Prevalence of Functional Disability Due to Neck Pain and Back Pain among Microscope Users of Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab, India

Sedentary behavior as a predictor of functional disability in older adults

The aim of this study was to identify the amount of time spent in sedentary behavior that may be critically related to functional disability in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 624 older adults (65.1% women) aged 60 to 96 years. Perceived limitations in instrumental activities of daily living were used as indication of functional disability. Time spent in sedentary behavior was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The prevalence of functional disability was 29.4%. The mean total time spent in sedentary behavior was 576.51 ± 5.14 min/day. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify cut-points for time spent in sedentary behavior that could discriminate functional disability in older adults. The results suggested that spending &gt; 600.00 min/day and &gt; 614.00 min/day in sedentary behavior, for men and women, respectively, was a discriminator for functional disability in the current study. These cut-points can be used to identify older adults who are most vulnerable to functional disability in future studies.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence among the elderly and relationship with physical and mental health indicators

Abstract Objective: to verify the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relationship with physical and mental health indicators in the elderly population of Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Method: a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2008 with 1,593 elderly persons. Poisson regression was used for crude and adjusted analysis between the outcomes and the independent variables. Results: the prevalence of urinary incontinence was 20.7%, being 26.9% among women and 10.3% among men. The associated factors were female gender, age 70 to 74 and 75 years or over, yellow/brown/indigenous ethnicity/skin color and no schooling. The prevalence of functional disability, depression, cognitive deficit and very poor/poor self-perception of health was significantly higher in women with urinary incontinence. Among incontinent men, the same was observed with regard to functional disability and cognitive deficit. Conclusion: the occurrence of urinary incontinence in the elderly is frequent, especially in women, with a significant relationship with physical and mental health conditions in the elderly population. These results support the development of care strategies to prevent incontinence and minimize its health impacts.