Prevalence Of Dental Abnormalities Research Articles

Prevalence of Dental Abnormalities, Soft Tissue Pathologies and Occlusion Disorders in Patients with High BMI: A Cross-sectional Study.

The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and oral disorders remains unclear. This study examined the prevalence and types of dental abnormalities and oral mucosal lesions among female students with obesity attending a Taif University sports centre. This non-interventional cross-sectional study enrolled female students with high BMI from a university sports facility using a convivence sampling method. The participants were divided into three BMI groups. Data were collected using an interview and by clinical oral examination. Prevalence and oral disorder types and possible mechanisms linking BMI and dental development were evaluated. Ultimately, 86 female students with obesity were analysed. The mean BMI was 42.8 kg/m2, indicating high obesity levels. A weak although statistically significant correlation was observed between age and BMI (r=0.27), indicating that older students had higher BMI. A statistically significant association was observed between BMI and dental abnormalities (p0.05). The dental abnormality prevalence increased with BMI, ranging from 37.5% to 40.7% in the ≤40 and >45 kg/m2 groups, respectively. Most participants (66.3%) had oral mucosal lesions, with the highest prevalence among participants in the 40-45 kg/m2 group (71.4%). A statistically significant relationship was observed between BMI and dental abnormalities; obesity may negatively affect oral health.

ЗУБОЧЕЛЮСТНЫЕ АНОМАЛИИ У ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИОТ ТИПА СЕМЬИ И МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕБЕНКА

Introduction. Dentоfacial deformities in preschool children do not show any downtrend. Studying how various factors affect their occurrence and development is of undoubted interest. Our aim was to study the impact of family types on the prevalence and nosology of dental system diseases. Materials and Methods. 2,556 children were examined, aged one to six years, of both genders, and from families of different types. To statistically process the study findings, descriptive statistics methods were used. Integrity was assessed in the compared groups by averaging and computing error in mean, using Student’s t-test. Results and Discussion. Prevalence of dental abnormalities among preschool children was higher among boys of all ages (63.6±1.353%), as compared to girls (57.5± 1.376%). It was found that children from substitute families were most susceptible to dental abnormalities. Prevalence of dentoalveolar deformities was in 100% of cases in all age groups in children from adoptive families. High prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies was also recorded in preschool children living in incomplete families, i.e., in 82±2.78% of cases. The lowest prevalence of dentoalveolar deformities was found in children living in full families, i.e., in 56.1±1.129% of cases, and in extended families, i.e., in 59.2±3.367% of cases. In children living in reconstituted families, dentoalveolar abnormalities are found less frequently (78.9±3.167%) than in children living in substitute and one-parent families, but more frequently than in children living in nuclear and extended families. When analyzing the structure of dentoalveolar anomalies, it was found that most often there were bite pathologies (prognatic and deep bites), as well as abnormalities of dental arches. The least common pathology of the jawbone system in the examined children turned out to be the cross-bite pathology. Older age group children (aged 4.6-6 years) are most susceptible to dentoalveolar abnormalities as compared to other ages of preschool children. Conclusions. Data presented in this article are of practical importance for implementing and developing preventive measures, considering the type of family and the morphofunctional development of the child.

Sella Turcica Abnormalities, Dental Age and Dental Abnormalities in Polish Children.

The frequency of some sella turcica abnormalities on cephalometric radiographs is age related. Chronological age might not overlap with growth; however, no studies could be found on the association between sellar morphology and dental age. Although an association exists between sella turcica bridging and dental abnormalities, no studies have been found correlating sellar abnormalities other than bridging with dental abnormalities. The aim of this study was to find any correlations between sella turcica abnormalities and dental age or dental abnormalities. Methods: Lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs of 206 children aged 6–15 years were analyzed for sela turcica abnormalities, Demirijan dental age, and dental abnormalities. Results: The prevalence of dental abnormalities in patients with sela turcica abnormalities was 16.98%, while in those with normal sella, it was 3%. The differences between dental and chronological age were higher in patients with sella turcica abnormalities (p = 0.002). Dental abnormalities were more prevalent (p = 0.001) in patients with sellar abnormalities other than sellar bridging than in those with sellar bridging or normal sella. Conclusions: Sella turcica abnormalities are correlated with delayed dental age. Dental abnormalities are more frequent in patients with sellar abnormalities. Dental abnormalities are less frequent in subjects with sellar bridges compared to those with other sellar abnormalities.

Agenesia de terceros molares y su asociación con otras anomalías dentales en una población peruana.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the association between agenesis of the third molar and other dental anomalies. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study. The sample included 367 patients, aged 14 to 20 years old with adequate digital panoramic radiography. Patients with syndromes, who had extractions of any third molar and with orthodontic treatment prior to panoramic radiographic examination, were excluded. For data collection, each radiograph was recorded with patient code, sex and age. Results: The prevalence of third molar agenesis was 20.71%. Subsequently, patients were divided into two groups, with agenesis of at least one third molar and a control group; the prevalence of other dental anomalies was 48.69% of third molar agenesis group and 21.31% in the control group. A highly significant association was found between the presence of third molar agenesis and the presence of other tooth abnomalities (p= 0.0000; contingency coefficient = 0.2425).The most frequent dental anomaly was dental inclusion with 20.44% of the population studied; followed by the agenesis of other teeth (7.90%) and finally the presence of supernumerary teeth (1.63%). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that there is an association between third molar agenesis and other dental abnormalities, with a higher prevalence of dental abnormalities in patients with third molar agenesis.

The role of external aetiological factors in dental anomalies in non-syndromic cleft lip and palate patients.

The hypothesis tested was whether proper tooth development in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients is affected by early orthopaedic treatment (EOT), primary surgical interventions and palatal defects after primary palatoplasty. The prospective study groups comprised 369 CLP children (aged 11.0 ± 4.5years) and 500 healthy children (aged 11.1 ± 3.8years) aged > 6years without any diseases associated with increased risk of dental anomalies. Patients were examined clinically and radiologically. Primary treatment details and outcomes were extracted from the hospital records registry and analysed to evaluate the role of possible external aetiological factors in dental abnormalities. Selective tooth aplasia was the commonest dental abnormality with upper lateral incisors missing in 33.9% of CLP patients and 3.4% of controls. Central incisor agenesis was restricted to early primary periosteoplasty cases. Lateral incisor aplasia on the cleft side was significantly associated with palatal defect (P = 0.0003) and primary lip surgery type (P = 0.008). The prevalence of developmental enamel defects (DEDs) correlated with primary surgical procedure (P = 0.002), palatal defect and lack of EOT (P = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). Surgical trauma during early primary periosteoplasty, reduced blood supply associated with palatal defects and absence of EOT significantly increase the prevalence of frontal tooth anomalies. The prevalence of dental abnormalities in CLP patients depends on treatment protocol.

A comparison of the occurrence of common dental abnormalities in stabled and free-grazing horses

The purpose of this study was to gain evidence on the prevalence of dental abnormalities in stable-kept horses in comparison with free-living horses. It is expected that free-living horses that graze for as much as 16 h/day will have fewer dental abnormalities than stable-kept horses. In this study, the latter group was fed a diet that was based on a relatively high-energy, cereal-based feed. This was thought to be a representative of common practice in domesticated, stable-kept horses. Compound diets such as this have previously been shown to increase the frequency of chewing cycles and decrease mediolateral excursion. The occurrence of 10 named dental abnormalities present in the dentition of 60 Thoroughbred-type horses was recorded. Half of the population was at grass all year round in New South Wales, Australia. The remainder were stabled for 24 h/day in Gloucestershire, UK. All horses were between 5 and 15 years of age. The same, experienced, equine dental technician examined all horses using a full-mouth speculum and produced a routine dental chart. Stable-kept horses had a significantly higher total occurrence of abnormalities (P < 0.001) than free-living horses. The stable-kept group had a significantly higher prevalence of exaggerated transverse ridging across the occlusal surface of the cheek teeth, focal or ramped overgrowths of the cheek teeth and periodontal disease (P < 0.01 in all cases). All horses in both groups had some occurrence of sharp edges of the buccal and lingual edges of the cheek teeth. The results are in agreement with anecdotal evidence that a fibre-based, grazed diet results in fewer dental abnormalities. However, sharp edges may occur even with what is perceived as a ‘natural’ diet.

Occurrence of Dental Abnormalities in Hemophilic Patients in the City of Davangere, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT Aim This study was carried out to determine the level of awareness about the importance of oral health in hemophilic children and their caretakers as well as to examine the oral condition in children with hemophilia and compare them to general population. Materials and methods A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the city of Davangere. The study consists of total 100 children which were divided into group I —children having hemophilia (n = 50) and group II—normal healthy children (n = 50) of age 3 to 18 years. The oral cavity of both the groups was examined to assess to detect presence of any hard and soft tissue anomalies. By interviewing the parents of hemophilic patients, their demographic data, family history, and knowledge and understanding of value of oral health were assessed. Data were analyzed by chi-square and student’s unpaired t-test. Results No significant difference in the presence of oral anomalies in both the groups was observed. Conclusion The study concluded that there is no major difference in the prevalence of dental abnormalities in hemophilic and healthy children. Also, educating the mass about oral health and maintenance is as important as treating the hemophilic patient for oral diseases. How to cite this article Nagaveni NB, Yadav S, Poornima P, Bharath KP, Mathew MG, Shruthi AS. Occurrence of Dental Abnormalities in Hemophilic Patients in the City of Davangere, Karnataka, India. CODS J Dent 2016;8(1):1-5.

Prevalence Of Dental Abnormalities Among Handicapped Children in Lagos

Efforts to improve the quality of life of handicapped people are on the increase world wide, their oral health inclusive. Relevant data is required for adequate planning for this purpose. A survey of 579 handicapped children was carried out in Lagos to assess the various dental abnormalities among them. Over 34% of them had various dental abnormalities, the most commonly encountered being enamel hypoplasia which constituted 12.3%, and more than half of which was chronologic (58.9%). This was predominant among the mentally handicapped (13.5%) and the blind (12.5%). Tetracyline staining was also a common finding particularly among the blind subjects (15.6%). Spacing and crowding of the teeth were common in Angle's Class I malocclusion in all the handicap groups. It was found that most of these abnormalities were linked to the cause of the handicaps or as a result of the handicaps. Key Words: Dental Abnormalities, Handicapped Children, Lagos [J. of Med. & Medical Sci. Vol.1(1) 1999: 44-49]