Prevalence Of Blastocystis Hominis Research Articles

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in patients with diabetes mellitus in Balad City , Salahaddin Province, Iraq

Blastocystis sp. is anaerobic,global, eukaryotic, found in the human gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the current study is to estimate the prevalence of B. hominis infection in people with diabetes mellitus. This study is conducted on a total of three hundred (300) individuals, ranging between 4 and 70 years, included (150) diabetic group and (150) non diabetic group. Samples are taken between November 2022 and May 2023. The practical portion and the collection of samples have been done in laboratories of General Balad Hospital in Balad City; Salahadin; Iraq. The study include the collection of 2 ml of venous blood, which is used to measure the HbA1c ratio with stool sample. This is used to examine the presence or absence of B.hominis by microscopic examination after it had been cultured. Modified Jones' Medium has reportedly been used for Blastocystis sp. in vitro culture. Only 80 diabetic patients (50 male, 30 female) were infected with B.hominis after the laboratory diagnosis, and only 50 people (13 male, 37 female) among the healthy participants have B.hominis. This study demonstrate that the DM group had a higher prevalence of this protozoan than the non-DM group. Also, it notice that there is a link between the presence of Blastocystis and other participant characteristics (risk factors). Most results in the present study are display a highly significant difference between both genders, residence, source of drinking water and keeping animals (p<0.05),but there is no statistically correlation with infection by this parasite among the classes of age and educational level (p>0.05).

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Patients with Gastrointestinal Trouble

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Patients with Gastrointestinal Trouble

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Patients with Gastrointestinal Trouble

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Patients with Gastrointestinal Trouble

Prevalence of non-pathogenic types of gastrointestinal protozoa in population in Slovakia and their potential importance in the aspect of public health.

The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of non-pathogenic protozoa circulating in the human population of Slovakia. We particularly focused on the socially deprived areas with poor sanitation conditions, as they are one of the factors affecting the transmission of these infections. Within this study, 2760 people were coprologically screened for the presence of protozoan cysts. The analyzed group comprised 1173 men and 1587 women from different regions of Slovakia. The total prevalence (2.03%) of non-pathogenic protozoa species was determined. The prevalence of Entamoeba coli was 0.80%, the prevalence of Endolimax nana 0.58%, and the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis was 0.65%. The presence of non-pathogenic protozoa was more frequent in women than that in men, in all age groups. The highest incidence of Entamoeba coli was found in children aged one month - seven years (0.79%), the lowest in the age group of 19-88 years (0.66%). Endolimax nana was most frequent in 8-18 year-olds (0.95%), where the statistical significance was found (p<0.05). The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis by the age group ranged from 0.39 to 0.95%. We did not find any statistical significance (p>0.05) for Entamoeba coli, and similarly for Blastocystis hominis associated with the sex and age. Although the circulation of non-pathogenic protozoa in the human population is far from being limited to the developing countries, their occurrence is also frequent in the population of developed countries. Despite their controversial pathogenicity, they should not be neglected, particularly in the patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.

Predominance and association risk of Blastocystis hominis subtype I in colorectal cancer: a case control study

BackgroundBlastocystis, a genetically diverse intestinal parasite with controversial pathogenic potential, has increasingly been incriminated for diarrheal illness in immunocompromised individuals including colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The aim of the current study was to assess the possible association between Blastocystis infection and CRC condition in Makkah, Saudi Arabia (KSA).MethodsStool samples were collected from 80 non-cancer (NC) and 138 cancer subjects including 74 CRC patients and 64 patients with other cancers outside gastrointestinal tract (COGT). Molecularly confirmed Blastocystis isolates were genetically grouped and subtyped using multiplex polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequence-tagged site primers-based PCR (PCR-STS), respectively.ResultsBlastocystis hominis were confirmed in 29.7, 25 and 15% among CRC, COGT and NC patients, respectively. Obtained Blastocystis isolates were initially categorized into 2 groups (A and C), which were subsequently subtyped into 3 different subtypes; subtype-I (38%), subtype-II (44%) and subtype-V (22%). Interestingly, subtype-I was the most predominantly detected subtype (54.5%) among CRC patients with a significant association risk (COR 7.548; 95% CI: 1.629–34.987; P = 0.004).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to provide genetic insights on the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis among CRC patients in Makkah, KSA. Moreover, the study suggests for a possible association between subtype-I of Blastocystis hominis and CRC, which could indicate a potential influence of Blastocystis on CRC condition. Further studies are required to confirm this association risk and to investigate the possible underlying mechanism of postulated carcinogenic influence of Blastocystis hominis subtype-I.

Clinical significance and prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Van, Turkey.

Objectives:To determine the associated clinical symptoms and prevalence of Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis).Methods:Stool samples of 50,185 patients (26,784 males and 23,401 females) who were received at the Parasitology Laboratory of Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey in the last 5 years were inspected microscopically using saline and iodine-stained wet-mount preparations. Age, gender, and symptoms of patients were recorded and their significance was evaluated.Results:The prevalence of B. hominis in the total sample was 0.54% (275/50185). Out of 275 infected patients, 143 (52%) were males, and 132 (48%) were female (χ2=0.884; p=0.348). The distribution of B. hominis infection was high in 7-13 aged children (34.9%) (χ2=306.8; p=0.001). Blastocystis was higher among symptomatic patients (70.2%) compared with asymptomatic patients (29.8%) (χ2=107.13; p=0.001). The most frequent clinical symptoms associated with the disease were abdominal pain (27.3%) and diarrhea (19.6%) followed by anorexia, fever, saliva, anal itching, and nausea.Conclusion:Blastocystis hominis is considered a causative agent of human disease in patients with recurrent symptoms. Due to the significant risk for zoonotic transmission, molecular techniques must be used to determine the route and source of infection.

Comparison of direct microscopy and in vitro culture for the detection of Blastocystis hominis among the slum children of Dhaka city

Multiple stool samples were collected from 2980 children of Mirpur slum area. The direct microscopy and xenic in vitro culture (XIVC) for 48 hours were done for each of the sample. The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis was found 5.1% in direct microscopy and the highest prevalence was observed in May, 2013 among the children of 9 ‐ 11 years. In culture method, 10.93% children were found positive for the organism. Most affected age group was 9 ‐ 11 years and prevalence was highest in August. In culture, morphological cyst forms were most commonly observed. Data analysis showed that there was a significant association between age group and infection ratio. By comparing the direct microscopy with in vitro culture, it was seen that culture was the most sensitive and reliable diagnostic method for the identification of B. hominis.&#x0D; Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(2): 169-175, 2015 (July)

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoan and helminth infections among pulmonary tuberculosis patients without HIV infection in a rural county in P. R. China

Although co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) and intestinal parasites, including protozoa and helminths, in humans has been widely studied globally, very little of this phenomenon is known in China. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural county of China to investigate such co-infections. Patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) undergoing anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (anti-MTB) treatment were surveyed by questionnaires, and their feces and blood specimens were collected for detection of intestinal protozoa and helminths, routine blood examination and HIV detection. The χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to identify risk factors. A total of 369 patients with PTB were included and all of them were HIV negative. Overall, only 7.3% of participants were infected with intestinal protozoa, among which prevalence of Blastocystis hominis, Entamoeba spp. and Trichomonas hominis were 6.0%, 1.1% and 0.3%, respectively; 7.0% were infected with intestinal helminths, among which prevalence of hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides and Clonorchis sinensis were 4.3%, 1.9%, 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively; and 0.5% were simultaneously infected with intestinal protozoa and helminths. Among patients with PTB, body mass index (BMI)≤18 (OR=3.30, 95% CI=1.44–7.54) and raised poultry or livestock (e.g., chicken, duck, pig) (OR=3.96, 95% CI=1.32–11.89) were significantly associated with harboring intestinal protozoan infection, while BMI≤18 (OR=3.32, 95% CI=1.39–7.91), anemia (OR=3.40, 95% CI=1.44–8.02) and laboring barefoot in farmlands (OR=4.54, 95% CI=1.88–10.92) were significantly associated with having intestinal helminth infection. Additionally, there was no significant relationship between duration of anti-MTB treatment and infection rates of intestinal parasites including protozoa and helminths. Therefore, preventing malnutrition, avoiding unprotected contact with reservoirs of protozoa, and improving health education for good hygiene habits, particularly wearing shoes while outdoors, are beneficial in the prevention of intestinal protozoan and helminth infection among patients with PTB.

The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and other protozoan parasites in soldiers returning from peacekeeping missions.

Blastocystis hominis is a common intestinal parasite found in humans living in poor sanitary conditions, living in tropical and subtropical climates, exposed to infected animals, or consuming contaminated food or water. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of B. hominis in Polish military personnel returning from peacekeeping missions in Iraq and Afghanistan. In total, 1,826 stool samples were examined. Gastrointestinal parasites were detected in 17% of the soldiers. The examined stool samples most frequently contained vacuolar forms of B. hominis (15.3%) and cysts of Entamoeba coli (1.0%) or Giardia lamblia (0.7%). In 97.1% of stool samples from infected soldiers, we observed less than five developmental forms of B. hominis in the field of view (40×). The parasite infections in soldiers were diagnosed in the autumn and the spring. There was no statistical correlation between age and B. hominis infection. Our results show that peacekeeping missions in countries with tropical or subtropical climates could be associated with risk for parasitic diseases, including blastocystosis.

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lamblia Parasites in Patients of Four Regions in East – South Baghdad

A total of 250 stool specimens from patients live in Al-Ameen, Al-Mashtal, Al-Baladiyat and Al-Nahrawan, districts of Baghdad city were collected. The watery and loose specimens were wet mounted with normal saline and buffered methylene blue then all specimens concentrated and examined with Lugol's iodine solution. The protozoal parasites of medical importance Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lamblia were respectively detected in 59 (24.6%) and 42 (17.5%), samples with mixed infection were in eight samples. Differences due to district lacked significance. Statistical significance was observed when the influence of age category was tested (P&lt;0.05). The highest infestation percentage with both parasites was noticed in the 5 – 10 years category whereas the lowest percentage was in the 19 – above years category. Seasonal variations and sex of the infected patients with both protozoa did not reach statistical significance. Significant differences were observed between number of infected patients with B. hominis and G. lamblia in the age categories of respectively Al-Ameen and Al-Baladiyat districts. Significance was recorded in the differences between percentages of the age categories' females as well as of the age category 5 – 10 years males and females that were infected with G. lamblia Similar significance marked the percentages of infection of both sexes with B hominis in the age categories

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Lorestan Province, West of Iran, 2010

Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in Lorestan Province, West of Iran, 2010

Intestinal parasitosis in a population of foreign subjects of recent immigration

The purpose of this survey is to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites in a population of subjects recently immigrated and hosted in the Center for the Foreign Family Health in Reggio Emilia, they are recent immigrants without valid residence permit. 160 faecal samples were collected together with peripheral blood samples of the same subjects enrolled in the study with the random methodology for a period of about 4 months after completion of a cognitive-anamnestic cards. A copro-parassitological standard examination, blood count and platelets count were performed.Among the subjects enrolled and who have joined the project, nearly 50% tested positive for one or more pests in the copro-parasitological exams. The species most represented were the protozoa with prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and Dientamoeba fragilis, in respect of Entamoeba coli and Giardia duodenalis; helminths were rarely observed and Hymenolepis nana, Schistosoma haematobium, and Ascaris lumbricoides were observed.The analysis of cognitive-anamnestic cards showed that about half of the parasitized individuals show no clinical symptoms that could be traced to the infection / infestation of parasitic type.The result of this epidemiological survey shows the need to pay more attention to the immigrants as potential carriers of important parasitic infections.

PREVALENCE OF ENTERIC PROTOZOA IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)–POSITIVE AND HIV-NEGATIVE MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN FROM SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA

A prospective, comparative study of the prevalence of enteric protozoa was determined among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) in Sydney, Australia. A total of 1,868 patients submitted stool specimens; 1,246 were from MSM (628 HIV positive and 618 HIV positive) and 622 from non-MSM were examined over a 36-month period. A total of 651 (52.2%) stool specimens from MSM were positive for protozoa compared with 85 (13%) from non-MSM. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis, Endolimax nana, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar complex, Entamoeba hartmanni, Iodamoeba butschlii, and Enteromonas hominis detected between MSM and non-MSM (P<0.001). The only notable difference between HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM was that HIV-infected MSM were found to more likely have a Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Entamoeba histolytica was found in 3 patients, E. dispar in 25, and E. moshkovskii in 17, all of whom were MSM. When compared with a control group, MSM were significantly more likely to harbor intestinal protozoa and have multiple parasites present. The results of this study show high rates of enteric parasites persist in MSM and highlight the importance of testing for intestinal parasites in MSM. This is the first report of E. moshkovskii from MSM.

Epidemiological survey of Blastocystis hominis in Huainan City, Anhui Province, China.

To provide scientific evidence for prevention and controlling of blastocystosis, the infection of Blastocystis homonis and to study its clinical significance in Huainan City, Anhui Province, China. Blastocystis homonis in fresh stools taken from 100 infants, 100 pupils, 100 middle school students and 403 patients with diarrhea was smeared and detected with method of iodine staining and hematoxylin staining. After preliminary direct microscopy, the shape and size of Blastocystis homonis were observed with high power lens. The cellular immune function of the patients with blastocystosis was detected with biotin-streptavidin (BSA). The positive rates of Blastocystis homonis in fresh stools taken from the infants, pupils, middle school students and the patients with diarrhea, were 1.0 % (1/100), 1.0 % (1/100), 0 % (0/100) and 5.96 % (24/403) respectively. Furthermore, the positive rates of Blastocystis homonis in the stool samples taken from the patients with mild diarrhea, intermediate diarrhea, severe diarrhea and obstinate diarrhea were 6.03 % (14/232), 2.25 % (2/89), 0 % (0/17) and 12.31 % (8/65) respectively. The positive rates of Blastocystis homonis in fresh stools of male and female patients with diarrhea were 7.52 % (17/226) and 3.95 % (7/177) respectively, and those of patients in urban and rural areas were 4.56 % (11/241) and 8.02 % (13/162) respectively. There was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). The positive rates of CD(3)(+), CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+) in serum of Blastocystis homonis-positive and-negative individuals were 0.64+/-0.06, 0.44+/-0.06, 0.28+/-0.04 and 0.60+/-0.05, 0.40+/-0.05 and 0.30+/-0.05 respectively, and the ratio of CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) of the two groups were 1.53+/-0.34 and 1.27+/-0.22. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis as an enteric pathogen in human seems not to be associated with gender and living environment, and that Blastocystis hominis is more common in stool samples of the patients with diarrhea, especially with chronic diarrhea or obstinate diarrhea. When patients with diarrhea infected by Blastocystis hominis, their cellular immune function decreases, which make it more difficult to be cured.

Irritable bowel syndrome in patients with Blastocystis hominis infection.

The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in stool specimens of individuals with gastrointestinal symptoms was evaluated to study a possible link between the protozoan and the irritable bowel syndrome. According to the Rome diagnostic criteria, 388 patients were evaluated. Altogether, 81 patients were classified as affected by irritable bowel syndrome. Blastocystis hominis was recovered from the stools of 38 subjects, 15 of whom belonged to the group with irritable bowel syndrome (P = 0.006). In addition, patients with irritable bowel syndrome were significantly more likely to have five or more Blastocystis hominis organisms per field (P = 0.031). In conclusion, there was a set of patients with irritable bowel syndrome in whom the presence of Blastocystis hominis may not be incidental.