Prevalence Of Binge Eating Disorder Research Articles

THE ROLE of GENERAL PRACTITIONER in PSYCHOTHERAPY of PATIENT BINGE EATING DISORDER

Introduction – Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is a condition in which an individual has repeated episodes of binge eating or episode purging type (inducing vomiting by himself or by using laxatives, diuretics, or enemas). It has happened during at last 3 months. The prevalence of binge eating disorder peaks in female adolescents aged 19-22 years and male adolescents aged 24 years. Treatment that can be given for BED includes psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and weight loss therapy. Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for BED. Types of psychotherapy used in BED are Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), and Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). Methods – The searching method in this article is based on several journals and textbook reviews including diagnosis of BED, and psychotherapy of BED such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT). Results – A binge eating disorder (BED) is someone who experiences uncontrollable binge eating, and these episodes can be repeated. after that, someone is trying to get his food out or purging (inducing vomiting by himself or by using laxatives, diuretics, or enemas). This is happened during the last 3 months. Psychotherapy is a formal process that involves the interaction between 2 or more people. Several professionals in mental health use psychotherapy. Types of psychotherapy used in BED are CBT, IPT, and DBT. Discuss – The role of GP in CBT is to help patients change their patterns of thinking and what they do. CBT also helps patients develop their skills to identify, and deal with problematic thoughts, and beliefs The role of a GP in IPT is to help people manage negative feelings so they don't vent those feelings by binge eating. IPT enhances the development of healthy interpersonal skills by replacing maladaptive behavior by promoting a positive self-image. DBT is a complete therapy. it consists of many different components, which include behavior therapy such as exposure therapy, skill in taking an action (contingency), stimulus control skills, problem-solving, cognitive restructuring, and other interventions. Conclusion – The three psychotherapies are interrelated with each other, with the combination of the three therapies on BED the results will be better. Keywords: BED, CBT IPT, DBT, general practitioner.

Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Comorbidity With Depression Among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Patients diagnosed with eating disorders (EDs) have demonstrated elevated levels of eating psychopathology, including distorted body image, and general psychopathology, encompassing depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and low self-esteem, surpassing anticipated levels. However, the measurement of EDs' prevalence related to depression and mental disorders in Saudi society remains insufficient. There is a clear need for additional studies to establish and substantiate the relationship between these issues and their frequency. In response to this gap, the current study delves into the psychosocial implications of disordered eating in Saudi Arabian adolescents and adults. The primary objective of this study is to contribute to an expanded understanding of the psychosocial effects associated with EDs, shedding light on their prevalence and interconnectedness with mental health concerns among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia among adolescents based on self-report questionnaires, including the Patient Health Questionnaires for Eating Disorders and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for the presence of EDs. To analyze the obtained data, we calculated the responses from participants who met the following criteria: adolescents (ages 10 to 18 years) from all regions in Saudi Arabia who were ethnically Saudi and included both male and female individuals. Those older than 18 years were excluded from the study. Results We collected data from 422 participants; however, 43 responses were excluded because the respondent was under 10 years or over 18 years old. According to the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), the prevalence of depression was 83.9%; 36.7% of the participants had severe depression, 23.2% had moderate depression, and 24% had mild depression. According to the Patient Health Questionnaire Eating Disorders Scale, the prevalence of EDs was 23.5%, with the prevalence of binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa being 14.8% and 8.7%, respectively. We found a significant correlation between EDs and depression, and the severity of depression (P=0.005). The prevalence of depression among patients with EDs was 93.3%: 17.9% of patients with EDs had mild depression, 21.3% had moderate depression, and 54.1% had severe depression. Conclusion There is an alarming finding of the high prevalence of both EDs and depression among young adolescents in elementary school, which requires urgent intervention. The study found a significant relationship between EDs and depression: the more severe the depressive symptoms, the higher the prevalence of EDs.

Prevalence of Binge-Eating Disorder and Its Association with Nicotine Dependence Among Under-Graduate Students at a Saudi Public University.

PurposeThere is minimal information regarding the prevalence of binge-eating disorders in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to measure the prevalence of BED and its association with nicotine dependency (ND) among undergraduate university students at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU).MethodsA cross-sectional study recruited 878 participants, with an inclusion criteria that encompassed all IMSIU undergraduate students of either sex. The online-based self-report questionnaire was distributed through e-mail, which used the Binge-Eating Disorder Screener-7 (BEDS-7) to evaluate BED symptoms and the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) to measure the levels of ND. The e-FTND version was also adapted into the questionnaire to account for modern methods of nicotine usage.ResultsA total of 165 participants were BED positive, with a prevalence of 18.8%, 99 of whom were women, and 66 were men. Women were significantly more predicted for BED than men (p = 0.035). Men appeared to be mainly more expected to be nicotine dependent (p < 0.001). BED positive participants showed a higher probability of being nicotine dependent than BED negative participants in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (95% CI 1.3–3.2; p = 0.002).ConclusionBED prevalence was notably high compared to worldwide estimates, with a significant association to nicotine dependence by the multivariate analysis. In the future, more investigations regarding the prevalence of specific types of eating disorders, including BED, in Saudi Arabia need to be considered.

Binge eating disorder, emotional eating and night eating syndrome: A comparative study between subjects with normal weight, overweight and obesity

IntroductionObesity has been associated with certain psychiatric disorders, especially in patients seeking treatment. It is known that obesity is not a psychiatric disorder in itself, however, it should be noted that a significant part of the population has some type of clinical eating disorder.ObjectivesThis study aims to assess levels of Binge Eating Disorder, Night Eating Syndrome and Emotional Eating patterns, according to different groups of Body Mass Index categories.MethodsA sample of 220 subjects, aged between 18 and 81 years old, with an average age of 33 years participated in this study. 140 (63.6%) were female and 80 were male (36.4%) The sample was divided into three comparison groups, according to the Body Mass Index (BMI). The following measures were used: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Binge Eating Scale, Night Eating Habits Questionnaire, and the Emotional Eating Scale.ResultsWhen comparing the different BMI groups, it was found that obese subjects were the ones that most reported binge eating behavior. Overweight subjects had higher levels of binge eating when compared to normal-weight participants, but this was not true for Night Eating habits. Subjects with normal weight reported more nocturnal eating behavior, followed by obese individuals.ConclusionsThe prevalence of binge eating disorder seems to be more frequent in obese people, tending to increase according to the level of severity of obesity. Normal-weight subjects reported more nocturnal eating behavior, so they may be more likely to develop this syndrome and, consequently, overweight or obesity.

Prevalência do Transtorno de Compulsão Alimentar Periódica no Pré e Pós-Operatório de Cirurgia Bariátrica

Introdução: A obesidade é um distúrbio crônico relacionado ao excesso de peso, que repercute no funcionamento social e ocupacional. Dentre as psicopatologias que podem suscitar o início da obesidade, encontra-se o Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar Periódica. A alta prevalência do transtorno nestes pacientes antes e após o procedimento cirúrgico pode ser maléfica para a efetividade do tratamento. Objetivo: Este trabalho objetiva avaliar a prevalência do Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar Periódica no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica, correlacionando com as variáveis sociodemograficas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, em que houve aplicação da Escala de Compulsão Alimentar Periódica e de um questionário sócio demográfico nos pacientes do Instituto do Aparelho Digestivo, de Campo Grande-MS. A amostra foi de 34 pacientes após 6 meses da realização do procedimento, e de 59 indivíduos em acompanhamento pré-operatório. Resultados: Em relação à presença de Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar Periódica no pré-operatório, observou-se uma prevalência de 30,5% sobre a população estudada. Já em relação à prevalência após 6 meses da realização da cirurgia, 35,2% dos pacientes da amostra tiveram resultados compatíveis com compulsão alimentar, sendo 50% como Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar Periódica grave. Conclusão: É alta a prevalência de Transtorno da Compulsão Alimentar Periódica antes e após a cirurgia bariátrica em obesos mórbidos, principalmente no público feminino com idade entre 30 e 40 anos, visto que em outras variáveis sociodemograficas não houve associação estatística relevante. Isto denota a necessidade de uma avaliação psíquica abrangente dos pacientes obesos mórbidos sujeitos a este procedimento cirúrgico.

Binge Eating Disorder and Related Features in Bariatric Surgery Candidates.

ObjectiveThe present study sought to: 1) assess the prevalence of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and abnormal eating behaviors in bariatric surgery candidates; 2) compare patients with and without BED as regards to eating disturbances, psychological characteristics, and health status; 3) individuate which factors were significantly related to binge eating severity.MethodsSixty-three preoperative patients (17 males and 46 females) were screened by means of an ad hoc socio-demographic schedule, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Eating Disorders Inventory-3, the Binge Eating Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire-28. BED diagnosis was performed through a clinical interview.ResultsBED and disordered eating, such as episodes of binge eating, sense of lack of control over eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors, appear common in patients undergoing weight loss surgery. Significant differences between BED and non-BED subjects in relation to eating disturbances and psychological characteristics emerged. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only emotional dys-regulation significantly predicted binge eating vulnerability.ConclusionThe recognition of factors involved in the development and maintenance of disordered eating in bariatric patients may support the choice of particular therapeutic strategies and improve bariatric surgery outcome. Further studies on this issue would be useful.

BARIATRIC SURGERY AND BINGE EATING DISORDER: SHOULD SURGEONS CARE ABOUT IT? A LITERATURE REVIEW OF PREVALENCE AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS.

Eating pathologies among bariatric surgery candidates are common and associated with adverse surgical outcomes, including weight regain and low quality of life. However, their assessment is made difficult by the great variety and inconsistent use of standardized measures. The purpose of this review was to synthesize current knowledge on the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) in presurgical patients and to make a critical appraisal of assessment tools for BED. A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 1994 to March 2017. Data were extracted, tabulated and summarized using a narrative approach. A total of 21 observational studies were reviewed for data extraction and analysis. Prevalence of BED in bariatric populations ranged from 2% to 53%. Considerable variation in patient characteristics and in BED assessment measures was evident among the studies. In addition, several methodological weaknesses were recognized in most of the studies. Ten different psychometric instruments were used to assess BED. Clinical interviews were used in only 12 studies, though this is the preferred tool to diagnose BED. Study heterogeneity accounted for the variability of the results from different centers and methodological flaws such as insufficient sample size and selection bias impaired the evidence on the magnitude of BED in surgical settings. For the sake of comparability and generalizability of the findings in future studies, researchers must recruit representative samples of treatment-seeking candidates for bariatric surgery and systematically apply standard instruments for the assessment of BED.

Mo1468 - Pilot Study of the Prevalence of Binge Eating Disorder in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Mo1468 - Pilot Study of the Prevalence of Binge Eating Disorder in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Prevalence of eating disorders and picking/nibbling in elderly women.

The aim of this study was to examine the point prevalence of eating disorders and picking/nibbling in elderly women. This was a two-stage epidemiological study that assessed 342 women aged 65-94 years old. In Stage 1, the following screening measures were used to identify possible cases: the Mini-Mental State Examination, to screen and exclude patients with cognitive impairment; Weight Concerns Scale; SCOFF (Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food) Questionnaire; Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-dietary restraint subscale; and three questions to screen for picking/nibbling and night eating syndrome. Women selected for Stage 2 (n = 118) were interviewed using the diagnostic items of the Eating Disorder Examination. According to the DSM-5, the prevalence of all eating disorders was 3.25% (1.83-5.7, 95% C.I.). Prevalence of binge-eating disorder was 1.68% (0.82-3.82, 95% C.I.), of other specified feeding or eating disorders was 1.48% (0.63-3.42, 95% C.I.), and of bulimia nervosa 0.3% (.05-1.7, 95% C.I.)]. Binge-eating episodes were reported by 5.62% of women. No cases of anorexia nervosa or night eating syndrome were identified. The prevalence of picking/nibbling was 18.9%. Picking/nibbling was associated with increased body mass index (t(322)=-3.28, p < .001) and binge-eating episodes (χ2 (1)=5.65, p<.017). Prevalence rates of eating disorders on elderly Portuguese women were comparable to those found on young women. Our data support the literature that suggests that binge-eating disorder is particularly prevalent in older adults. Picking/nibbling was the most prevalent eating behavior and we provide further evidence for its association with weight and disordered eating.

Pilot study of the prevalence of binge eating disorder in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients.

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the United States. Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common form of eating disorder. NAFLD and BED have similar risk factors, including obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. The aim of our study was to examine prevalence of BED in NAFLD patients.Methods:We administered the Binge Eating Scale (BES), a questionnaire validated to screen for BED, to NAFLD patients at our Fatty Liver Center. Demographics were retrieved retrospectively from our electronic medical record.Results:Of the total 95 NAFLD patients screened, 22 (23.1%) had binge eating tendencies; 6 of the 22 (6.3%) scored 27 or more points, suggestive of severe binge eating. Patient demographics included 59 females and 36 males (14 females and 8 males positive for BED). Liver disease severity and of metabolic syndrome presence were similar in both groups: 45 patients had steatosis, 25 steatohepatitis, and 24 cirrhosis, of which 10 steatosis, 5 steatohepatitis, and 7 cirrhosis patients screened positive for BED. Of the NAFLD patients with BED, 50.0% had insulin resistance, 68.2% hypertension, and 50.0% hyperlipidemia, whereas among non-BED NAFLD patients 58.9% had insulin resistance, 63.0% hypertension, and 67.1% hyperlipidemia.Conclusions:This pilot study suggests that BED may have a higher prevalence among NAFLD patients than in the general population. Based on these preliminary results, further study into the prevalence of BED is recommended. More data is need to identify effects of BED on the progression of NAFLD and role of BED treatment.

Prevalência de compulsão alimentar periódica e avaliação do consumo alimentar de indivíduos com excesso de peso

Objective: To determine the prevalence of binge eating disorder and assess food consumption in individuals with excess weight. Methods: This is an observational crosssectional study conducted with patients with BMI equal to or greater than 25kg/m2, aged 20 to 59 years, attending two Family Health Care Centers in the heart of the city of Quixere, Ceara. The sample comprised 100 people. An interview was carried out in order to screen for binge eating disorder. Participants answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic aspects, underwent anthropometric (weight, height) assessment, and food consumption was assessed based on two dietary recalls. Results: Among respondents, 3% were diagnosed with severe BED, 20% with moderate BED and 77% did not have Binge Eating Disorder. Patients with higher degrees of BED presented greater excess weight, which as not statistically significant (p=0.257). Respondents with moderate and severe binge eating disorder, when compared to those without BED, presented a greater and unbalanced food consumption in terms of quality of food consumption; however, this was not significant (p ranging from 0.171 to 0.567). Conclusion: One third of participants had some degree of binge eating disorder, which was not related to changes in nutritional status, although participants with moderate and severe binge eating disorder showed a dietary pattern with more calories and less fiber.

Estimating the Prevalence of Binge Eating Disorder in a Community Sample From the United States: Comparing DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 Criteria.

To estimate binge eating disorder (BED) prevalence according to DSM-5 and DSM-IV-TR criteria in US adults and to estimate the proportion of individuals meeting DSM-5 BED criteria who reported being formally diagnosed. A representative sample of US adults who participated in the National Health and Wellness Survey were asked to respond to an Internet survey (conducted in October 2013). Assessments included 3-month, 12-month, and lifetime BED prevalence based on DSM-5 and DSM-IV-TR criteria and demographics, psychiatric comorbidities, and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale). Descriptive statistics are provided. Prevalence estimates were calculated using poststratification sampling weights. Of 22,397 respondents, 344 (women, n = 242; men, n = 102) self-reported symptoms consistent with DSM-5 BED symptom criteria. The 3-month, 12-month, and lifetime DSM-5 prevalence estimates (95% CIs) projected to the US population were 1.19% (1.04%-1.37%), 1.64% (1.45%-1.85%), and 2.03% (1.83%-2.26%), respectively. The 12-month and lifetime projected DSM-IV-TR prevalence estimates were 1.15% (1.00%-1.32%) and 1.52% (1.35%-1.70%), respectively. Of respondents meeting DSM-5 BED criteria in the past 12 months, 3.2% (11/344) reported receiving a formal diagnosis. Compared with non-BED respondents, respondents meeting DSM-5 BED criteria in the past 12 months were younger (mean ± SD age = 46.01 ± 14.32 vs 51.59 ± 15.80 years; P < .001), had a higher body mass index (mean ± SD = 33.71 ± 9.36 vs 27.96 ± 6.68 kg/m²; P < .001), and had lower self-esteem (mean ± SD score = 16.47 ± 6.99 vs 23.33 ± 6.06; P < .001). DSM-5 BED criteria resulted in higher BED prevalence estimates than with DSM-IV-TR criteria. Most BED respondents did not report being formally diagnosed, indicating an unmet need in BED recognition and diagnosis.

Eating Behavior, Low-Frequency Functional Mutations in the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Gene, and Outcomes of Bariatric Operations: A 6-Year Prospective Study.

Data on the effects of eating behavior and genetics on outcomes of gastrointestinal surgery for diabesity have been sparse, often flawed, and controversial. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes of bariatric operations in patients characterized for eating behavior and rare mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene, which is strongly implicated in energy balance. Between 1996 and 2005, 1,264 severely obese Swiss patients underwent current laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, gastroduodenal bypass, or a hybrid operation. Of these, 872 patients were followed for a minimum of 6 years and were screened for MC4R mutations. Using regression models, we studied relationships between eating behavior and MC4R mutations and postoperative weight loss, complications, and reoperations after 6 years. At baseline, rare functional MC4R mutation carriers exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) or loss-of-control eating independent of age, sex, and BMI. Six years after bariatric surgery, the mutation carriers had more major complications than wild-type subjects independent of age, baseline BMI, sex, operation type, and weight loss. Furthermore, high baseline BMI, male sex, BED, and functional MC4R mutations were independent predictors of higher reoperation rates. Sequencing of MC4R and eating typology, combined with stratification for sex and baseline BMI, might significantly improve patient allocation to banding or bypass operations for diabesity as well as reduce both complication and reoperation rates.

Binge Eating Disorder Prevalence in Bariatric Surgery Patients: Evaluation of Presurgery and Postsurgery Quality of Life, Anxiety and Depression Levels

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) in bariatric surgery (BS) candidates and to compare the quality of life, anxiety and depression levels of patients with or without BED preoperatively and 6 months after the surgery. Method: Fifty-one BS candidates aged between 18 and 65 years were enrolled preoperatively. BED evaluated with the structured clinical interview for (SCID-I) DSM-IV criteria. Beck Depression Scale (BDS), Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), and Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) forms applied preoperatively and 6 months after the surgery. Results: BED was diagnosed in 18 patients (35.29%). Their postoperative BDS and BAS scores were found to be improved compared to preoperative period (p < 0.001). Six months after the surgery, the quality of life in all participants whether they were diagnosed with BED or without BED was significantly shown to be improved (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of BED is high among BS patients. Six months afte...

The prevalence of binge eating disorder and its relationship to work and classroom productivity and activity impairment

ABSTRACTObjective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of binge eating disorder on university campus, its associations with health risk factors, and its associations with work and classroom productivity and activity impairment, adjusted for health risk factors. Participants: The study was conducted at a public midwestern university in the United States and involved 1,165 students. Methods: Data were collected online, using preestablished instruments. Descriptive, chi-square, correlation, and robust multiple regression tests were used. Results: About 7.8% of the participants were assessed as having binge eating disorder. Binge eating disorder was more common among obese students than nonobese students. Associations were found between moderate binge eating disorder and classroom productivity and daily activity impairment; however, sleep duration and physical activity were the strongest predictors. Conclusions: University students are at risk of binge eating disorder. Interventions with this population should include education, screening, and clinical consultation when warranted.

A retrospective study of the impact of DSM-5 on the diagnosis of eating disorders in Victoria, Australia.

BackgroundThis study compares the DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for eating disorders. DSM-IV resulted in a large number of patients being diagnosed with Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS). In DSM-5 the residual category is renamed Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorders (OSFED) and Unspecified Eating Disorders (UFED) however the diagnostic criteria for the residual category in each of the diagnostic systems remains the same. This study aims to evaluate the changes in percentages of patients in a residual DSM-IV category compared to a residual DSM-5 category by retrospectively applying DSM-5 criteria to the clinical records of a patient population in a clinical setting. It also aims to compare the psychopathology between the EDNOS and OSFED/UFED groups.Methods285 participants were recruited from a specialised eating disorder clinic in Australia over a 5-year period from 2009 until 2014. The clinical records of patients with diagnoses of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and EDNOS were retrospectively assessed using the DSM-5 criteria. All patients who had attended the clinic and received an eating disorder diagnosis during this period were included in the study. No patients were diagnosed with binge eating disorder during the study period. This is surprising given the prevalence of binge eating disorder in the community. It is possible that individuals with binge eating disorder were not referred to the clinic following the initial referral and assessment due to the lack of binge eating specific interventions available. The referral process may also have been skewed towards AN, BN and EDNOS due to a perception by referring parties that binge eating disorder was a ‘milder’ condition that did not require specialist intervention. Information in the clinical records included structured clinical interviews, and self-rating scales of eating disorder and other psychiatric symptoms and a longitudinal narrative of patient performance and attitude during observed meals.ResultsWe observed a 23.5% reduction in the diagnosis of OSFED/UFED with the implementation of DSM-5 compared to EDNOS with DSM-IV. The removal of Criterion D, amenorrhoea, was the leading cause for transition from EDNOS to AN.ConclusionsDSM-5 has reduced the reliance on EDNOS. However this study was unable to examine the reliability of the new diagnostic criteria or the impact of DSM-5 on binge eating disorder.

Food consumption in patients referred for bariatric surgery with and without binge eating disorder

IntroductionThe prevalence of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) is high in obese patients referred to bariatric surgery. Although the total energy intake is increased, the risk of nutritional deficiencies in these patients is unknown. This study proposes to evaluate and compare the intakes of candidate patients for bariatric surgery with and without BED, using for this purpose the Dietary Reference Intakes. Methods116 patients referred for bariatric surgery were submitted to nutritional, laboratory and psychological assessments. ResultsAmong the patients, 46.6% had BED, of these, 25.9% had the severe form. The patients with current depression (31.9%) were more compulsive than those without depression (p<0.001). The mean age was significantly higher in patients without BED (46.94±12.05 vs 42.32±10.60, p=0.030). The only difference in anthropometric parameters individuals with and without BED was the mid-upper arm circumference (P=0.047). The percentage of energy from carbohydrates was higher in patients with BED (53.78%) than without BED (48.88%) (U=1222, P=0.018, r=−0.22). The percentage from total fat (13.63% versus 12.89%, U=1201.0, P=0.019, r=−0.22) and from saturated fat (9.04% versus 8.15%, U=1074.0, P=0.023, r=−0.21), was higher in patients without BED. When adjusted for the body weight of patients, these differences were not significant. ConclusionPatients with BED eat more carbohydrates and have larger mid-upper arm circumference in the face of similar body weight, suggesting a higher percentage of fat mass.

LAP-BAND for BMI 30–40: 5-year health outcomes from the multicenter pivotal study

We performed a 5-year multicenter study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the LAP-BAND System surgery (LBS) in patients with obesity with a body mass index (BMI) of 30-39.9 kg m(-)(2). This pivotal study was designed to support LBS application to the US Food and Drug Administration for broadening the indications for surgery and the lower BMI indication was approved with 1-year data in 2011, with the intention to complete the 5-year evaluation. To present broad health outcome data including weight change, patient reported outcomes, comorbidity change and complications during the 5-year study. The study was conducted at seven US private practice clinical trial sites. We enrolled 149 BMI 30-39.9 subjects into a 5-year, multicenter, longitudinal, prospective post-approval study. Data for those completing each time point are presented. The predefined target of at least 30% excess weight loss was achieved by more than 76% of subjects by 1-year and at every year thereafter during the 5-year study. Mean percentage weight loss at 5 years was 15.9±12.4%. Sustained weight loss was accompanied by sustained improvement in generic and weight-specific quality of life, symptoms of depression and the prevalence of binge-eating disorder. The number of subjects with normal fasting triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma glucose and HbA1c increased significantly between baseline and 5 years. Fifty-four months after LBS implantation, the rate of device explants without replacement was 5.4%; however, the rate of explants increased to 12.1% by month 60 owing to no cost-elective band removals offered to subjects at study exit. No deaths or unanticipated adverse device effects were reported. The LBS is safe and effective for people with BMI 30-39.9 with demonstrated improvements in weight loss, comorbidities and quality of life, and with a low explant rate through 5 years following treatment.

Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions to reduce binge eating symptoms in African American and Hispanic women

ObjectiveLifestyle interventions that promote physical activity and healthy dietary habits may reduce binge eating symptoms and be more feasible and sustainable among ethnic minority women, who are less likely to seek clinical treatment for eating disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) whether participating in a lifestyle intervention is a feasible way to decrease binge eating symptoms (BES) and (2) whether changes in BES differed by intervention (physical activity vs. dietary habits) and binge eating status at baseline (binger eater vs. non-binge eater) in African American and Hispanic women. MethodHealth Is Power (HIP) was a longitudinal randomized controlled trial to promote physical activity and improve dietary habits. Women (N = 180) who completed anthropometric measures and questionnaires assessing fruit and vegetable and dietary fat intake, BES and demographics at baseline and post-intervention six months later were included in the current study. ResultsOver one-fourth (27.8%) of participants were categorized as binge-eaters. Repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated significant two- and three-way interactions. Decreases in BES over time were greater in binge eaters than in non-binge eaters (F(1,164) = 33.253, p < .001), and women classified as binge eaters who participated in the physical activity intervention reported greater decreases in BES than non-binge eaters in the dietary habits intervention (F(1,157) = 5.170, p = .024). DiscussionFindings suggest behavioral interventions to increase physical activity may lead to reductions in BES among ethnic minority women and ultimately reduce the prevalence of binge eating disorder and health disparities in this population.

Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders in the Australian population.

BackgroundNew DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for eating disorders were published in 2013. Adolescent cohort studies in the Australian community indicate that the point prevalence of DSM-5 eating disorders may be as high as 15% in females and 3% in males. The goal of the current study was to determine the 3-month prevalence of DSM-5 disorders in a representative sample of Australian older adolescents and adults. A secondary aim was to explore the demographic correlates of these disorders, specifically, age, gender, income, and educational attainment and presence of obesity.MethodsWe conducted and merged sequential cross-sectional population survey data of adults (aged over 15 years) collected in 2008 and in 2009 (n = 6041). Demographic information and the occurrence of regular (at least weekly over the past 3 months) objective and subjective binge eating, extreme dietary restriction, purging behaviors, and overvaluation of weight and/or shape, were assessed.ResultsThe 3-month prevalence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa were both under 1% whereas the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) and sub-threshold BED were 5.6-6.9%. The prevalence of BED including overvaluation of weight/shape was 3%. Other specified and unspecified eating disorders including purging disorder were less common, under 1% to 1.4%. While people with eating disorders were generally younger than others, the mean age was in the fourth decade for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and in the fourth or fifth decade for all other disorders. Most people with eating disorders had similar household incomes and educational attainments to the general population. People with bulimia nervosa, BED and sub-threshold bulimia nervosa were more likely to be obese than people without an eating disorder.ConclusionsThe findings support the expanded demographic distribution of eating disorders. There is a relatively high prevalence of BED compared to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. As it is in BED, obesity is a very common co-morbidity in bulimia nervosa.