Prevalence In Industry Research Articles

Belgian Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study on Zoonotic Avian Chlamydia spp. in Chickens.

Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia gallinacea, and Chlamydia abortus are the most common Chlamydia spp. in chickens and have a confirmed or suggested zoonotic potential. No recent data are available on their prevalence and impact in the Belgian chicken industry or in the recreational chicken branch. Therefore, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was executed where samples were collected from both factory-farmed and backyard chickens. More specifically, pharyngeal chicken swabs were obtained from 20 chicken farms, 5 chicken abattoirs, and 38 different backyard locations and were analyzed using species-specific Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCRs) for the presence of the three avian Chlamydia spp. To investigate their zoonotic potential, samples were simultaneously collected from 54 backyard chicken caretakes and 37 professional chicken caretakers or abattoir employees and analyzed using species-specific PCRs as well. This study confirmed the presence of DNA of all three Chlamydia species in both the chicken industry and backyard settings. Chlamydia psittaci was the most prevalent in the industry chickens (11.0%), whereas Chlamydia gallinacea was the dominant species in the backyard chickens (14.5%). Chlamydia abortus infections were more common in the commercial chickens (9.0%) compared to the backyard chickens (2.6%). The DNA of all three species was also detected in humans (3.9% Chlamydia psittaci, 2.9% Chlamydia gallinacea, and 1.0% Chlamydia abortus).

DevOps: Is there a gap between education and industry?

AbstractDevOps has been identified by industry as one of the cornerstones of their development process. It is not just a set of tools but a set of principles and practices to build an efficient team improving the communication and collaboration. Its importance has greatly impacted even hiring processes being DevOps Engineer among the most recruited jobs according to LinkedIn. But it is not clear whether universities have noticed the magnitude this movement has attained in industry, despite the need of higher education and industry building up advances together. This led us to determine whether there is a gap between the training provided by higher education and the one expected from industry. For this aim, a questionnaire, defined after a careful review of the literature, has been run worldwide to answer the four research questions. The analysis arose several conclusions, such as higher prevalence of use than of training for most of the analyzed technological practices, except for those related to architecture, probably due to the migration cost these require. It was also found that the two practices with higher prevalence in industry, feedback and limit‐WIP, are scarcely trained in higher education. These conclusions provide interesting advice for future adaptations of computer science degrees.

Consumer Sensory Evaluation of Ground Beef and Plant-Based Ground Beef Alternatives Used in a Taco Application

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate consumer preferences for palatability traits and consumer acceptability of three plant-based protein alternatives and ground beef in a taco application. Study Description: Three commercially available plant-based ground beef alternative (GBA) treatments (n = 20) were selected based upon industry prevalence. The GBAs’ were identified as the most popular in the marketing sectors of foodservice (FGBA), retail (RGBA), and traditional (TGBA). One ground beef (80% lean; 20% fat) treatment (n = 20) was selected. Samples were crumbled into a skillet and cooked to a surface temperature of 180°F. Following cooking, a generic taco seasoning was added following manufacturer’s instruction. Samples were served on a flour tortilla with the opportunity to add cheese, lettuce, and tomatoes. The Bottom Line: This research indicates consumers preferred ground beef to ground beef alternatives when used as a crumbled protein ingredient in tacos. Ground beef should be marketed as a distinct eating experience to consumers at foodservice and retail when plant-based ground beef alternatives are available in similar crumbled products.

Digital Transformation in Food Supply Chains in Central and Eastern Europe

The phenomena of technology and digitalization have developed rapidly most recently, leaving traces in all branches of industry. With the prevalence of Industry 4.0 and with digitalization being on the rise, companies have expanded more and more successfully. Thus, in addition to global supply chains, their own supply chains have also started to develop considerably. The aim of our research is to discover the factors characterizing the digital transformation of companies in the Central and Eastern European region. This article assesses the conditions, key drivers, and barriers of digital transformation and the benefits expected by companies operating in the agricultural and food supply chains. The research is based on a questionnaire survey of over hundred companies. From the answers, models were created to each group of questions by using factor analysis. The results show that the most important motivating factors are quality improvement, market pull, and technological push impacts. The barriers identified are largely consistent with those reported in the contemporary literature. Companies expect benefits mostly from “sales and customer relations”, followed by “logistics and marketing”, and “production and sourcing”.

Adsorption Assisted Cryogenic Carbon Capture: an Alternate Path to Steam Driven Technologies to Decrease Cost and Carbon Footprint

Carbon capture has gained momentum in addressing CO2 emissions where substitution of carbon feedstock by renewables is very challenging, such as in steel, refining, chemical, and cement industries. Gas streams containing 15% to 50% CO2 are low-hanging fruits for applying CO2 capture due to their prevalence in industry and lower capture cost linked to their high concentrations. Amine-based processes are historally considered as reference solutions for these applications, but they are no longer the only commercially viable solution today. Air Liquide has been working on a smart combination of its proprietary Adsorption and Cryogenic technologies, where Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is used as a CO2 preconcentration and Cryogenic as CO2 purifiers: the Cryocap™ FG. This paper studies the influence of utilities (steam and electricity) on the carbon footprint and total cost of ownership of both amine and Cryocap™ FG technologies. The paper also studies Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions and the TCO per ton of reduced CO2 for various footprint scenarios and typical utility costs. As it is a high efficiency power-driven technology, Cryocap™ FG resulted in a 90% reduction of Scope 1 emissions compared to 69-74% reduction with amine, depending on steam footprint, where limited waste heat is available for steam production. Cryocap™ FG was also found to be the most economical choice for electricity prices below 60€/MWh at any steam price, and the breakeven is at 120 €/MWh for a steam cost at around 10 €/t.

An Analysis on Digital Transformation Concepts of East Asian Origin

Dijital dönüşüm ve Endüstri 4.0 ile beraber gelişen teknolojiler başta işletmeler olmak üzere ülke ekonomileri üzerinde önemli derecede etkili olmaya başlamışlardır. Almanya’da ortaya çıkan Endüstri 4.0 ile birlikte birçok ülke dijital dönüşümden geri kalmamak amacıyla kendi ulusal stratejilerini geliştirme girişiminde bulunmaktadır. Sanayisi gelişmiş ülkelerin ulusal kalkınma planlarında yer alan stratejilerde belirgin farklılıklar olmasına karşın temelde sanayide liderliği sürdürmek veya yeniden kazanmak, ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel bazlı hedefler giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Özellikle Doğu Asya’da ortaya çıkan Endüstri 4.0 ve dijital dönüşüm temelli Toplum 5.0 ve Çin Yapımı 2025 gibi kavramlar bu stratejilerin örneklerindendir. Endüstri 4.0 teknolojisi ve buna bağlı uygulamalar henüz sanayide ve bilimsel çalışmalarda tam olarak karşılık ve yaygınlık kazanmamışken benzer amaçla kullanılan diğer kavramların hangi amaçlarla nerede ve nasıl kullanıldığının incelenmesi kavramlar arası etkileşimin değerlendirilmesini sağlayacaktır. Literatürde Endüstri 4.0 daha çok üretim ve teknolojileri ile alakalı iken Japonya’da ortaya çıkan Toplum 5.0’ın daha çok bireylerin ve dolayısı ile toplumun yaşam kalitesi ile ilgili olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı Endüstri 4.0’dan türetilmiş olan bu kavramların anlamlandırılması konusunda literatüre katkı sunmaktır. Toplum 5.0 ve Çin Yapımı 2025 terimlerinin sosyal medyada hangi kelimeler ve kavramlar ile bağdaştırıldığı ve literatür tanımları ile ne derece tutarlı olduğu Twitter platformu üzerindeki tweetler aracılığı ile tespit edilmeye çalışılmış, terimler ile birlikte öne çıkan kelimeler analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca Google Trends kullanılarak ülkelere/bölgelere göre ilgi seviyeleri ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır.

Common Sensors in Industrial Robots: A Review

The application of industrial robots has greatly promoted the development of industry in the past decades. Now with the proposal and prevalence of Industry 4.0, industrial robots are required to be more independent and intelligent to accomplish more complex and flexible tasks. The advancement of industrial robots relies on the development and progress of multiple technologies, among which sensors are the indispensable part. They can acquire abundant information to help industrial robots implement their functions. This paper reviews the recent literatures and gives a summary and introduction of the commonly used sensors in industrial robots. Additionally, the applications of these sensors in diverse functions of industrial robots are also presented. Finally, the developing direction and challenges of industrial robots in the future are discussed in the last part of this article.

Strategic Meetings Management: Exploring the Implementation of an Industry Phenomenon

Within the business events sector, strategic meetings management (SMM) is a practice that is increasingly being adopted around the world in order to produce cost savings and provide more value from an organization's meetings profile. Unstable economic factors have encouraged organizations to be more strategic and develop partnerships to deliver cost-effective meetings of a consistent quality. The premise of SMM is to reduce wasted meeting time and unnecessary costs by aligning meetings to the business goals of the organization. As a phenomenon developed in the US, SMM is now being adopted by organizations around the world. Despite its prevalence in industry, there is a paucity of academic research or literature on SMM. This article explores the concept of SMM and how organizations are implementing practices to achieve greater value from their meetings and events. Data collection involved two focus groups and interviews with 28 industry experts followed by a survey resulting in 1,302 responses. Analysis of this data revealed the current practices of practitioners, the key reasons for adopting SMM, and the barriers preventing adoption. The findings of this study suggest that organization size can be an influential factor in SMM implementation. Additionally, there appears to be a shift in focus from purely cost savings and transparency drivers to a consideration of the attendee experience.

Single droplet drying of milk in air and superheated steam: Particle formation and wettability

ABSTRACTSuperheated steam drying has been receiving research attention in recent years due to its increasing industry prevalence in the food and agricultural sector. There is however a gap of knowledge in superheated steam spray drying involving the drying of droplets with dissolved solids as most application to date are solely on solid materials. With this constraint, it is vital to understand and study the effect of superheated steam on the particle formation process as well as on the final particle. The aim of this work is to explore the potential of superheated steam in the spray drying of milk. Specifically, this report examines how superheated steam influences the migration of fats, protein, and lactose in milk during the particle formation process. Studies were conducted by drying fresh milk, using a single droplet drying technique in a superheated steam environment and a hot air environment at a fixed temperature of 110°C. The wettability of the dried single particle was examined using contact angle measurements. The surface of superheated steam-dried milk particles revealed a relatively higher wettability when compared to air-dried milk particles. This suggests that superheated steam promoted the presence of hydrophilic components such as lactose on the exterior surface of the particle. These results have therefore shown the possibility of using superheated steam to control component relocation in multicomponent solutions based on the component hydrophilicity. By recognizing the potential of application of superheated steam in spray drying, engineered multicomponent particles with specific features can be produced.

Upper Extremity Muscle Activity During In-Phase and Anti-Phase Continuous Pushing Tasks.

To determine the effect of anti-phase, in-phase bimanual and unimanual simulated industrial pushing tasks and frequency on upper extremity muscle activity. Research investigating symmetrical (in-phase) and asymmetrical (anti-phase) pushing exertions is limited despite a high prevalence in industry. Fifteen female participants completed five pushing tasks using a dual handle apparatus at three frequencies: 15 cycles per minute (cpm), 30 cpm, and self-selected. Tasks included two bimanual symmetrical pushes (constrained and unconstrained), two bimanual asymmetrical pushes (reciprocating and continuous), and one right unimanual push. Surface electromyography (EMG) from the right anterior, middle, and posterior deltoid (AD, MD, and PD); right and left trapezius (RT and LT); right pectoralis major (PM); and right and left external obliques (REO and LEO) was collected and normalized to maximum voluntary effort. There was a task by frequency interaction in the AD, MD, PD, and RT ( p < .005), where activity in AD, MD, and PD was highest in the continuous task at 15 cpm, but activity was similar across task in 30 cpm and self-selected. Muscle activity coefficient of variation was lowest during continuous task across all frequencies. Continuous, anti-phase pushes and constrained, in-phase pushes had the highest muscle activity demands and the least amount of variability in muscle activity and therefore may present the greatest risk of injury. Anti-phase pushing is known to have a greater cognitive demand, and this study demonstrated that it also has a greater physical demand when performed continuously.

Non-linear control of continuous bioreactors

Control of bioreactors has achieved importance in the recent years. This may be due to the fact that they are difficult to control which may be attributed to its nonlinear dynamic behavior. The model parameters of the bioreactor also vary in an unpredictable manner. The complexity of the biochemical processes inhibits the accurate modeling and also the lack of suitable sensors make the process state difficult to characterize. Considerable emphasis has been placed on the control of fed-batch fermentors because of their prevalence in industries. However, when production of biomass is to be optimized, continuous operation is desirable. Several procedures are available for the nonlinear control of processes, viz., differential geometric approach, internal model control approach, reference synthesis technique, predictive control design, etc., but the major disadvantage of these approaches is the computational time required to perform the prediction optimization. In this study, a nonlinear controller based on a polynomial discrete time model (NARMAX) is evaluated for its performance on a fermentor. It can be shown that a nonlinear self-tuning controller based on NARMAX model can be extended to the control of fermentors. The response is smooth for both load and setpoint changes even when process parameters are assumed to be zero and uncertainty in parameters are present and in the presence of controller constraints. The control action can be made more or less robust by changing the design parameters appropriately. Therefore, nonlinear self-tuning controller is suitable for control of industrial processes.