Prestige Dimension Research Articles

Money Attitude and Spiritual Well-Being

This study seeks to explore the relationship between money attitude and spiritual well-being amongst Chinese youths in Hong Kong. Cross-sectional data (N = 501) were obtained from 249 Chinese university students in 2021 and 252 Chinese university students in 2022, aged between 19–23 years old. The participants were instructed to answer the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire (SWBQ) to measure their spiritual well-being in the personal-communal, environmental and transcendental domains. The respondents were then asked to complete the Money Attitude Scale (MAS) to assess their attitudes and beliefs regarding money in three dimensions: power-prestige, anxiety and distrust. Results show that a negative correlation exists between the three dimensions of money attitude and the three domains of spiritual well-being. In addition, the power–prestige dimension of money attitude was the most accurate predictor of spiritual well-being. A stepwise regression analysis unveiled that the power-prestige dimension of students’ money attitudes explained 6.2%, 15.4% and 27.6% of the variance in their sense of spiritual well-being across the personal-communal, environmental and transcendental domains, respectively. Adopting healthy perspectives and attitudes towards money are vital for the development of the youths’ (spiritual) well-being. Thus, financial education and knowledge are crucial for adolescents.

The Personal Globe Inventory: The structure of vocational interest in Vietnam

AbstractThe Personal Globe Inventory (PGI) proposes a unified model of vocational interests, integrating Holland's established interest dimensions, with occupational prestige dimensions. The current study evaluates the structural validity of the PGI short form in Vietnam (N = 1140). The results of the randomized tests of hypothetical order relations support the inclusion of prestige in the PGI spherical model, as a means to better calibrate the assessment of vocational interest across cultural contexts, specifically to Vietnam. Furthermore, the results endorse the application of the abbreviated form of the PGI in a career counseling context as a time‐efficient, screening method.

The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on tourists’ personal prestige – an experimental study

PurposeThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has drastically affected the public discourse on tourism in news reporting and on social media, potentially changing social perceptions of travel and its utility for conspicuous consumption. Prestige enhancement is a common tourist motivation, yet, as tourists have been portrayed as irresponsible and even dangerous during the pandemic, the benefits of travel for personal prestige may have been affected. The purpose of this study is to monitor changes in tourists’ personal prestige during the early pandemic in 2020.Design/methodology/approachThe authors developed an innovative study design implicitly measuring the personal prestige of tourists shown on experimentally manipulated social media posts. Three measurement waves were issued to compare the personal prestige of tourists just before, during and after the first lockdown situation in Germany.FindingsDifferences regarding evaluations of tourists’ prestige were found for prestige dimensions of hedonism, achievements, wealth and power, suggesting that prestige ascription to tourists has been affected by the changing discourse on leisure travel.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the discussion of the socio-psychological effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on customer benefits of leisure travel. It exposes possible impacts of the pandemic on tourisms’ value for conspicuous consumption and prestige enhancement.

KEDUDUKAN ANGGOTA TNI-AD DALAM STRATIFKASI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DI DESA KOTO LANANG, KABUPATEN KERINCI, PROVINSI JAMBI

This research aims to explain and describe the position of TNI-AD in the social stratification community in Koto Lanang Village, Depati Tujuh District, Kerinci Regency. The theory used to analyze the findings in this research is the social stratification theory proposed by Max Weber. According to Weber, the basis of social stratification is characterized by several dimensions, namely the power dimension, the privilege dimension (special rights), and the pretense dimension. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. The technique of selecting informants uses purposive sampling. The total number of informants is 30 people. Data are collected through interview, observation, and documentation methods. The result of this research reveals that the position of TNI-AD in the social stratification community in Koto Lanang Village is seen from several dimensions, including: (1) the power dimension, TNI-AD is the spearhead in every activity in Koto Lanang Village. (2) the privilege dimension (special rights), members of TNI-AD are included in a capable and sufficient society seen from an economic field; and (3) the prestige dimension, the people as members of TNI-AD are awarded by their society.

ANALISIS PEMBERIAN BENEFIT, MOTIVASI, DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA (ASN)

The aim of this research is analyzing of benefit, motivation, and apparatus organizational commitment. This research is typically of quantitative discriptivemethod research. The respondents in this research are civil servants the number of respondents are 31 (thirty one) people. The result shows that the giving of benefit, motivation, and civil servant organizational commitment is already well implemented. The giving of benefit variable gives the highest mark on work performance dimension and lowest mark on professional scarcity, while motivation variable has the highest mark on social needs dimension and the lowest mark on prestige dimension, and civil servant organizational commitment variable gives the highest mark on affective commitment dimension and the lowest mark is on continuation commitment dimension.

Summaries

In the Netherlands and Flanders, vocational interest inventories are frequently used to address (study) career dilemmas. In contrast to their popularity in practice, in the Dutch language region, there is relatively little research looking at vocational interest(s) (inventories). This article introduces the Spherical Model of Vocational Interests and the Dutch translation of the Personal Globe Inventory(PGI; Tracey, 2002), a measure for this model. The Spherical Model adds Prestige interests as a third dimension of vocational interests to the traditional two-dimensional circumplex. Additionally, the Spherical model splits the traditional circumplex in eight, rather than six, interest domains. The quality of the Dutch PGI was investigated with 12 samples. The psychometric qualities of the full Dutch PGI and its short version appeared to be acceptable to exemplary: the items of the scales largely fitted with the appropriate scales, the scales correlated according to the expected circumplex order, and the reliabilities were acceptable. The largest gender difference was found on the People-versus-Things dimension. Additionally, younger and more educated people scored higher on Prestige interests. Future research could further the understanding of the content of the Prestige dimension and how this dimension affects (study) career processes and outcomes.

Analisis Pemberian Benefit, Motivasi, Dan Komitmen Organisasional Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN)

The aim of this research is analyzing of benefit, motivation, and apparatus organizational commitment. This research is typically of quantitative discriptive method research. The respondents in this research are civil servants the number of respondents are 31 (thirty one) people. The result shows that the giving of benefit, motivation, and civil servant organizational commitment is already well implemented. The giving of benefit variable gives the highest mark on work performance dimension and lowest mark on professional scarcity, while motivation variable has the highest mark on social needs dimension and the lowest mark on prestige dimension, and civil servant organizational commitment variable gives the highest mark on affective commitment dimension and the lowest mark is on continuation commitment dimension.

Evaluation of the dimensions of the spherical model of vocational interests in the long and short version of the Personal Globe Inventory

The present study examined three different sources of evidence for the validity of the Personal Globe Inventory (PGI; Tracey, 2002) with regard to its ability to assess the dimensions underlying the spherical model of vocational interests: People-Things, Ideas-Data, and Prestige. Specifically, we analyzed 1) evidence based on the internal structure of the eight basic interest scales, 2) convergent evidence of the PGI dimensions across different item types, and 3) evidence based on relations to plausible correlates of vocational interests, namely, gender, academic achievement, and the socioeconomic status associated with the desired profession. Moreover, we analyzed the extent to which these sources of evidence were invariant between the PGI and its associated short version – the PGI-S (Tracey, 2010). Relying on a sample of N = 688 university students in Germany, we were able to show that 1) the circular order of the basic interest scales was confirmed across item types and that it was invariant across PGI versions, 2) both the relationships between corresponding dimensions across item types as well as the relationships with the validity markers were, as far as the circumplex dimensions were concerned, in line with theoretical expectations and invariant across PGI versions, and 3) there were notable differences between the respective relationships with the Prestige dimensions across item types and PGI versions. We conclude by weighing up the pros and cons of the two PGI versions and suggesting specific situations in which the use of either version is advised.

Does prestige dimension influence the interdisciplinary performance of scientific entities in knowledge flow? Evidence from the e-government field

It has long been understood that knowledge flow can be divided into knowledge integration and knowledge diffusion and can be investigated by interdisciplinary scientific research (IDR) approaches. The literature describes some quantitative approaches for measuring interdisciplinary research, and all of them belong to a popularity dimension. Previous work failed to address the problem of evaluating interdisciplinary research in a prestige dimension. However, in this study, the authors introduce an extended IDR measure that combines the P-Rank algorithm with the traditional IDR approaches to promote the current IDR approaches from the popularity dimension to the prestige dimension. This extended measure explores the prestige dimension of papers and considers the subsequent contribution of papers of different prestige devoted to the knowledge flow in which they are embedded. An experiment regarding the e-government field demonstrates that the interdisciplinary performance of some papers is overestimated under traditional IDR approaches and that the performance would be more reasonable under an extended IDR measure that considers the prestige dimension. We expect that the extended IDR measure can identify the different contributions of papers of different prestige with regard to their interdisciplinary performance and then reevaluate their contributions to the knowledge flow in which they are embedded.

STRUCTURE OF VOCATIONAL INTERESTS IN MACEDONIA AND CROATIA – EVALUATION OF THE SPEHRICAL MODEL

The goal of the current paper was to explore the construct validity of the spherical and the hexagonal models of vocational interests by exploring the extent to which these models fit the data obtained on samples of Macedonian and Croatian university students. Croatian and Macedonian versions of the Personal Globe Inventory (PGI) were administered to a sample of 1367 student of various faculties in Croatia and Macedonia (737 participants from the Republic of Macedonia and 630 from Croatia). Results showed that the spherical and hexagonal models fit the data better than chance, and that these models explain substantial proportions of variance of vocational interest measures. Exploration of the factor structure of the obtained measures of vocational interest on the studied samples showed that the obtained structure generally corresponds to theoretical propositions. The obtained dimensions correspond to the latent space defined by Prediger’s dimensions and the dimensions of Prestige of the spherical model.

An investigation of African-American women's prestige domain interests and choice goals using Social Cognitive Career Theory

Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT; Lent, Brown & Hackett, 1994) provides a framework for understanding career development, taking into account background and contextual variables using a social cognitive perspective. Given SCCT's focus on both personal and contextual factors, it has been widely applied to understanding the career development of ethnic minorities and women. This study extends the SCCT framework by testing the SCCT career choice model with variables defined along the prestige dimension, in a sample of 198 African-American college women. Path analysis results supported SCCT propositions for the relations of prestige self-efficacy and prestige outcome expectations with prestige of vocational interests, and of prestige outcome expectations and prestige of vocational interests with prestige of choice goals. The relation of prestige self-efficacy to prestige of choice goals was fully mediated by prestige of vocational interests; the relation between prestige outcome expectations and prestige of choice goals was partially mediated by prestige of vocational interests. Contrary to SCCT, the hypothesized relation of prestige self-efficacy to prestige outcome expectations was non-significant. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the utility of SCCT in explaining the development of prestige-related career interests and choice goals among African-American women.

Attitudes toward accents of Mandarin in Singapore

Like many other countries, Singapore has seen some public tension fermenting over what is sometimes perceived as the government’s generous open-door immigration policy. Some Singaporeans appear to have taken to regarding themselves as rightful “natives” by distinguishing between local and foreign accents (see Jacobs 2012; Oon 2012). With a sizeable number of foreigners hailing from China, do Singaporeans have negative attitudes toward non-local Chinese accents because of these ‘anti-foreigner’ sentiments? This paper examines the language attitudes of Chinese Singaporeans towards speakers of Mandarin from three locales: Beijing, Taiwan and Singapore. It describes an attitudinal test using the verbal guise technique, comparing the attitudes of 100 Singaporean Chinese youths toward the Beijing, Taiwanese and Singaporean accents of Mandarin along the dimensions of prestige and solidarity. This study shows that there are distinct differences in the ways in which the three accents are perceived by Singaporeans. However, contrary to expectations, the foreign accents are not discriminated against, but are in fact ranked more favourably as compared to the local accent. Ultimately, functionality and economic goals of advancement seem to override other socio-cultural aims of the nation as Singaporeans focus on the prestige that the foreign Chinese accents can bring them.

The Impacts of Postdoctoral Training on Scientists' Academic Employment

This article examines the dynamics of postdoctoral training affecting scientists' academic employment, focusing on timing and prestige dimensions. Postdoc training proves beneficial to academic employment—more so in less prestigious departments than in top ones. Postdoc duration is subject to diminishing returns. The benefits of training vary across scientists with different demographic characteristics.

The Impacts of Postdoctoral Training on Scientists’ Academic Employment

This article examines the dynamics of postdoctoral training affecting scientists’ academic employment, focusing on timing and prestige dimensions. Postdoc training proves beneficial to academic employment—more so in less prestigious departments than in top ones. Postdoc duration is subject to diminishing returns. The benefits of training vary across scientists with different demographic characteristics. This article examines the dynamics of postdoctoral training affecting scientists’ academic employment, focusing on timing and prestige dimensions. Postdoc training proves beneficial to academic employment—more so in less prestigious departments than in top ones. Postdoc duration is subject to diminishing returns. The benefits of training vary across scientists with different demographic characteristics.

Integrating work and basic values into the Spherical Model of Interests

Two prominent models of values, one in work and the other in life, were examined as they each related to the dimensions underlying the Spherical Model of Interests (Tracey & Rounds, 1996) as measured by the Personal Globe Inventory (PGI; Tracey, 2002). The technique of external property vector fitting was utilized to plot the value constructs onto two- and three-dimensional interest structures in a sample of 206 college students. Results, when compared across both theoretical and empirical definitions of interest space, indicated that all work values and fewer basic values related to two dimensions, but that only the work value of Achievement and the life value of Power related to the Prestige dimension. Implications for research and for assessment that involves integrating the results of values and interest inventories are discussed.

Holland in Iceland revisited: An emic approach to evaluating U.S. vocational interest models.

An emic approach was used to test the structural validity and applicability of Holland's (1997) RIASEC (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional) model in Iceland. Archival data from the development of the Icelandic Interest Inventory (Einarsdóttir & Rounds, 2007) were used in the present investigation. The data included an indigenous pool of occupations and work-task items representing Iceland's world of work that had been administered to a sample of 597 upper secondary school students. Multidimensional scaling analysis and property vector fitting using Prediger's (1981) work-task dimensions were applied to the item responses to test if the RIASEC model could be identified. The results indicated that a 4-dimensional solution better explains the interest space in Iceland than Holland's 2-dimensional RIASEC representation. The work-task dimension of People-Things and the Sex-Type and Prestige dimensions were located in the 1st and 2nd dimensions of the multidimensional scaling solution, but Data-Ideas, a dimension critical to the RIASEC model, was not. The 3rd and 4th dimensions did not correspond to any dimensions previously detected in structural studies in the United States and seem to be related to specific ecological, cultural, and political forces in Iceland. These results demonstrate the importance of selecting representative indigenous occupations and work tasks when evaluating the RIASEC model. The present study is an example of the next step in a comprehensive cross-cultural research program on vocational interests, an emic investigation.

Prestige in interest activity assessment

Prestige has been demonstrated to be a component in interest assessment [Tracey, T. J. G. (1997). The structure of interests and self-efficacy expectations: An expanded examination of the spherical model of interests. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44, 32–43; Tracey, T. J. G. (2002). Personal Globe Inventory: Measurement of the spherical model of interests and competence beliefs [Monograph]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 113–172; Tracey, T. J. G., & Rounds, J. (1996a). The spherical representation of vocational interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48, 3–41]. However, the content of prestige and thus its meaning in activity and competency preferences has not been clarified, nor has it been differentiated from alternative explanations such as sex-typing. A vector fitting procedure was utilized from theoretical and empirical approaches with samples of college students who rated each activity item from the Personal Globe Inventory (PGI; [Tracey, T. J. G. (2002). Personal Globe Inventory: Measurement of the spherical model of interests and competence beliefs [Monograph]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 113–172]) for the following content: prestige, effort required, skill required, competition involved, and female and male sex-typing. These content ratings were matched with the theoretical structure of the PGI scales in the first sample ( N = 124) and the empirical structure of the PGI items in a second sample ( N = 267). Across both approaches, the PGI prestige dimension was highly related to ratings for prestige, effort, skill, effort and skill, and competition, but unrelated to sex-typing. These results support the inclusion of prestige in interest activity assessment and also assist in its interpretation.

Trajectories of career aspirations through adolescence and young adulthood: Early math achievement as a critical filter

Growth curve modelling was used to trace the trajectory of the prestige dimension of career aspirations from Grade 9 through to 3 years after high school, as a function of gender and early high school math achievement. The sample consisted of 218 university-bound adolescents (129 female, 89 male). Initial aspiration levels, the slope, and the curvature of the trajectories all differed significantly as a function of Grade 9 math performance. No significant gender or gender by achievement effects were found. These results support the notion that math achievement functions as a “critical filter” to subsequent career aspirations, with youth who performed poorly in Grade 9 math aspiring to careers that were of lower prestige. Implications of this research are discussed in terms of the development of young women's career aspirations, vocational outcomes, and involvement in higher level mathematics education.

Knowledge organization as a factor in career intervention outcome: A multidimensional scaling analysis.

Multidimensional scaling techniques (MDS) were used to examine the learning outcomes associated with J. L. Holland's Self-Directed Search (SDS; J. L. Holland, 1990). One hundred forty-six participants were randomly assigned to 3 conditions: the SDS, an attentional control, and a no treatment control. Based on the speculations of J. L. Holland, T. M. Magoon, and A. R. Spokane (1981), we hypothesized that participants who had completed the SDS would acquire Holland's complete RIASEC organizing scheme. No evidence of Holland's 2-dimensional RIASEC configuration was found for any of the groups. Examination of the 3-dimensional MDS solutions, however, suggested the presence of a prestige dimension and supported Holland's scheme as represented by D.J. Prediger's (1981) Things-People and Data-Ideas constructs.

‘City harsh’ and ‘the welsh version of RP’: Some ways in which teachers view dialects of welsh English

This paper summarises some of the findings from a project in progress which researches teachers’ sociolinguistic awareness in Wales. A questionnaire was sent to secondary teachers all over Wales to investigate their perceptions of, and attitudes towards, geographical varieties of Welsh English. They were asked to draw in what they felt to be the main Welsh English dialect regions on a blank map of Wales, and then to label and characterise these regions in their own words. They were also asked to complete semantic differential scales for a number of conceptually presented varieties. In the scales task, they differentiated the varieties in such a way that each had its own evaluative profile along dimensions of prestige, dynamism, pleasantness, and Welshness, with one variety approximating subjective definition as a standard. The labels and characterisations provided by the teachers often carried highly evaluative content, and differentiated varieties in terms of the quality and relative proportions of comments relating to positive and negative affect, prestige, Welshness, English‐ness, perceived linguistic features etc. Some interesting differences between the labels and scales data are considered, and issues of importance to Language Awareness are highlighted.