Pressure Of Public Opinion Research Articles

How policy advocacy promotes regulated antibiotic use: Evidence from meat duck farmers of China

Antibiotic residues resulting from the misuse of veterinary antibiotics pose a serious threat to global food safety and the ecological environment. Regulating the use of antibiotics is currently a major concern; however, existing literature on this issue remains insufficient. Therefore, to advance research in this area, this study utilizes data from 988 questionnaires collected across 9 provinces in China and employs the 3SLS systematic estimation method. It constructs an analytical framework to explore the mechanisms through which policy advocacy (PA) influences regulating antibiotics use (RAU) among meat duck farmers. Specifically, the study examines two pathways: “ PA - public opinion pressure perception (POPP) - RAU” and “ PA - moral responsibility (MR) - RAU.” Additionally, it explores the potential mechanisms through which PA impacts RAU among farmers. The results show that PA (Coef = 0.070, SE = 0.014) can promote RAU by increasing the level of POPP (Coef = 0.173, SE = 0.091). PA (Coef = 0.351, SE = 0.028) can also promote RAU by enhancing MR (Coef = 0.239, SE = 0.035). Meanwhile, this study introduces Internet use (IU) and reputational incentives (RI) as moderating variables to analyze their role in moderating the impact of PA on RAU. It was demonstrated that IU (Coef = 0.088, SE = 0.016) significantly enhances farmers' awareness of the value of RAU and amplifies the impact of PA on MR. However, IU (Coef = −0.017, SE = 0.008) was found to inhibit the effect of PA on POPP. RI fully satisfies farmers' need for “ honor “ and enhances the effectiveness of PA in promoting both POPP (Coef = 0.009, SE = 0.002) and MR (Coef = 0.058, SE = 0.004). Finally, the study proposes that the government expand PA channels, innovate methods, and combine online outreach with demonstrations to improve farmers' awareness of antibiotic use and address their reputational needs.

The Impact of Environmental Public Opinion Pressure on Green Innovation in Construction Enterprises: The Mediating Role of Green Corporate Image and the Regulatory Effect of Market Competition

Due to growing public concern over environmental preservation and the growing development of Internet information communication platforms, media coverage of corporate environmental issues can exert certain environmental public opinion pressure (EPOP) on enterprises and influence their behaviors. However, the current study of EPOP on the influence mechanism of corporate green innovation (CGI) has not yet formed a systematic and comprehensive theoretical analysis framework. Therefore, based on legitimacy theory and stakeholder theory, this paper explores the impact mechanism and role boundary between EPOP and CGI based on the data from 328 valid questionnaires of construction enterprises of the Chengdu–Chongqing Dual City Economic Circle using hierarchical regression analysis. The findings of the research indicate that EPOP can affect construction company green innovations positively, green corporate image (GCI) plays a partial mediating effect in the relationship between EPOP on CGI; market competition (MC) negatively moderates the relationship between EPOP and CGI, in addition, MC negatively regulates the intermediary effect of GCI in the relationship between EPOP and CGI. The findings of the study serve as theoretical support and decision-making reference to promote Chinese construction enterprise’s transition to green innovation and improve environmental governance level.

Socioeconomic and political settings for the land development decreasing urban green. Inside view from Moscow

The analysis shows the impact of socioeconomic factors and civil freedom on allocating green areas for investments. The research was conducted for the period 1992–2020 using the example of Moscow as the metropolis in a country with a robust centralized political system. Quantitative research methods included recognizing changes in land use, selected socioeconomic parameters, and indicators measuring the power of civil society. Calculated correlations and modeling of the collected data were used to identify Russia's revenue for petroleum and Moscow's budget revenue as predictors for losing green areas. Among the social activity indicators, the Press Freedom indicator was the best correlated and used for modeling. The analysis of the decision-making procedure for land development and the reconstruction of the case Krylatskie Kholmy allowed gaining insight into actual mechanisms leading to investment in urban green areas. The outcomes that were reachedexpress that investing in bare soils is of the most significant importance; however, the dynamics of change decreased in the analyzed period. The modeling showed that growing Russia's revenue for petroleum increases the likelihood of greenfield investment. The legal nature-protection status brings the most significant effect of preventing land development. The likelihood of land development decreases with the growth of Moscow's budget revenue. It indicates the support for the redevelopment of abounded land located within the range of the existing infrastructure. The modeling of the dependence between the Press Freedom index and land development probability demonstrates the possible effectiveness of public opinion pressure to protect natural and semi-natural areas within the urban fabric. The described decision-making mechanism for land development made it possible to assess that the role of civil society in the decision-making process is insufficient, given the converging interests of investors and administration. The results show that in highly centralized countries with a marginal role of civil society, the concentration of capital from the export of strategic natural resources is the key factor of urban green losses. These findings contribute to understanding differences in urban spatial policy approaches to green areas and their effectiveness.

Violence and Power of the Modern British Monarch

Violence and Power of the Modern British Monarch

Trade strategy with the countries along the Ice Silk Road: a Rabin model-based perspective

ABSTRACT Since the Ice Silk Road (ISR) was put forward, its development prospect has become the focus of academic circles. To study the influence mechanism of ‘fairness preference’ on the trade cooperation of countries along the ISR, this paper constructs the trade cooperation network based on the bilateral trade data of countries along the ISR, establishes the theoretical model of network game based on Rabin model, and uses the simulation method to test the model. The results show that: (1) the sense of national cognitive fairness does have an impact on the trade cooperation of the ISR; (2) the ‘eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth’ strategy is not an advantage strategy in the trade cooperation of the ISR; (3) the most significant factor affecting the trade cooperation of countries along the ISR is the neighbor node in the trade network and the social public opinion pressure of cooperation in the network.

Exploration of the Application of Green Mining Technology in Coal Mines under the New Situation

This paper discusses the application of green mining technology in coal mines under the new situation, considering the environmental pressures and requirements for sustainable development faced by coal mining. Firstly, it introduces the definition and principles of green mining, along with its development history, and analyzes the importance of relevant policies and regulations. Subsequently, it analyzes the demands faced by coal mining under the new situation, including the relationship between environmental issues and sustainable development, the impact of new energy development on coal mines, and social demands and public opinion pressure. Furthermore, through application cases, it showcases the specific practices of green mining technology in coal mines, involving environmental protection technology, energy efficiency improvement technology, and green mining technology. When discussing the challenges and issues of technology application, it focuses on technical difficulties, economic feasibility, and human resources and training needs. Finally, it looks ahead to the prospects of green mining technology in coal mines, emphasizing the importance of sustainable development and proposing suggestions regarding technological innovation, policy support, and corporate responsibilities.

Impact and response: Debate on the necessity of female education in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic period

The late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were the periods of rapid changes in Chinese society. People’s thoughts were wandering between persistence and innovation. Influenced by the introduction of Western ideas, missionaries and advanced Chinese intellectuals advocated women’s education and the establishment of girls’ schools. Influenced by the traditional social division of labor, feudal ethical thoughts and heavy historical accumulation, it has not received unanimous support, and this resistance mainly comes from conservatives. Under the pressure of public opinion from all walks of life, women’s right to education was initially established. The debate on the necessity of women’s education presents the characteristics of impact and response, reflecting the rise of feminism and the awakening of women’s self-consciousness.

Environmental disclosure practices in mixed ownership models: A study of Chinese private enterprises.

Environmental information disclosure is critical avenue for stakeholders to gauge the fulfillment of corporate environmental responsibilities, as well as a key path for companies to gain social reputation and achieve sustainable development. To achieve both economic and social sustainability and improve the environmental information disclosure by private firms, this study delves into the impact mechanism and realization path of mixed ownership reform on environmental information disclosure among Chinese private enterprises listed between 2010 and 2020. Utilizing a panel fixed effect model, we scrutinize the interplay between state capital involvement and the disclosure of environmental information by private enterprises. Our findings reveal that state capital involvement may encourage private enterprises to disclose environmental information through resource allocation and governance improvements. The higher the shareholding ratio of state-owned participating shareholders, the more it helps private firms to disclose environmental information. State-owned shareholders play a pivotal role in the appointment of supervisors, directors, and executives, effectively improving corporate governance mechanisms and positively moderates how private companies with state-owned capital participate in disclosing environmental information. Moreover, the magnitude of media coverage and the public opinion pressure faced by private enterprises further amplify the influence of state-owned capital involvement on environmental information disclosure. Additionally, our research reveals that corporate profitability partially interplays with the effects of state-owned capital disclosure of environmental information by private companies. According to the research results, we recommend that the government proactively promote mixed ownership reform with private enterprises as the main participants, fully leveraging the resource advantages and influence of state-owned capital. At the same time, it is imperative to strengthen the governance effect of internal state-owned shareholders and external public opinion supervision in private enterprises. Enhancing profitability is also identified as a key driver for private enterprises to engage in more robust environmental information disclosure practices.

The potential strategy of promoting China's participation in arctic energy development

As a non-Arctic country and a major energy consumer, China is increasingly interested in participating in Arctic energy development. This study aims to investigate potential strategies to promote China's participation in Arctic energy development. Accordingly, this study analyzes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of China's participation in Arctic energy development based on a discussion of the current status of Arctic energy development and the Arctic policies of major countries. In addition, this work develops strategies in accordance with the above analysis. The results show that China has strengths in terms of capital, energy demand, policy support, and international cooperation when participating in Arctic energy development, while its weaknesses include the lack of core technology and equipment, high carbon intensity of energy development, and geographical disadvantage. China faces opportunities stemming from conflicts among Arctic states, the advancement of global carbon neutrality, and the development of Arctic waterway while facing threats such as increased competition, international public opinion pressure, high development costs, environmental risks, and pandemic instability. Under an integrated framework, this work offers four strategies: Strength-Opportunity (SO), Strength-Threat (ST), Weakness-Opportunity (WO), and Weakness-Threat (WT). Finally, this study proposes specific measures in four areas, including strengthening policy support, promoting technical research and development, enhancing international cooperation, and improving enterprise competitiveness.

Mainstream parties and global warming: What determines parties’ engagement in climate protection?

AbstractGlobal warming is not only a serious threat for humanity but increasingly structures political competition in Western Europe. The rise of green (niche) parties and public awareness of the issue pressure mainstream parties to emphasise climate protection. Yet, while scholars reflect on the factors influencing mainstream parties’ environmental agendas, we know little about what triggers climate standpoints and about the role public opinion plays in this process. This study measures the salience of climate protection in 292 election manifestos of mainstream parties in 10 Western European countries since the 1990s and estimates the impact of different factors on their climate agenda using OLS regressions. The findings suggest that green parties are not the driving factor, and that it is the public salience of environmental issues and pressure from the Fridays for Future movement influencing mainstream parties’ agendas. Accordingly, mainstream parties seem to be responsive to public opinion pressure adopting climate protection stances. The study further proposes a different measure of niche party success than that used in previous studies.

The Impact of Dissemination of Sexual Violent Issues on Social Media on The Group of Women Living Alone

This research paper seeks to examine how the spread of violence on social media affects the group of women living alone. The study used several methods to achieve this. Firstly by analysing news article headlines or other reports of sexual violence on social media, and secondly, by interviews with women living alone. The results show that different social media will report news about sexual violence in different ways; for example, TikTok presents events in a sensory stimulating way like videos, which will spread much more and evoke strong emotions in many people. On the other hand, Twitter mostly features official or traditional news agencies reporting on cases, with more emphasis on legal measures to reduce the fear of the public. Therefore, these two social media platforms can bring different feelings to women living alone through different modes of presentation. The interviews with the group of women living alone illustrate the different thoughts and emotions that most women living alone have when they share their experiences of sexual violence or talk about their experiences. It also shows the unequal status of women in this society and the pressure of public opinion

The Impact of Sexual Minorities' Coming Out Actions on Their Careers in the United States: Take the Film Industry as an Example

Although much has been done to protect LGBT people, coming out still seems to be a red line that cannot be crossed in the US film industry. Actors or Actresses who come out of the closet will still always lose job opportunities, just because of their sexual orientations. Or they will only act on some LGBT characters. Therefore, this article uses the case analysis method, to find out the impact coming out actions have on people's careers in the film industry in the United States, to explore why so many actors or actresses still choose to stay in the closet, and to give some suggestions. Finally, this article finds out that it is losing quality acting resources, disruption to private lives, conflict in works, and excessive public opinion pressure which stop them from coming out. Based on the findings, this paper also provides some suggestions which can be used to eliminate occupational discrimination against sexual orientations in the American film industry at family, school, and society levels.

Failing through: European migration governance across the central Mediterranean

ABSTRACT Both today and under Gaddafi’s authoritarian rule, externalised migration controls have played a crucial role in EUropean irregular mobility governance across the Central Mediterranean. Offloading migration management on Tripoli is puzzling due to the fragility of its institutions, the ill-preparedness of its security forces, and widespread abuse against migrants. Why have European member states and EU institutions relapsed to relying on Libyan forces to govern irregular migration? In this paper, we argue that the EU has failed through the migration crisis in the Central Mediterranean by drawing on already established albeit ineffective and contentious policy tools. The collapse of Libya’s state apparatus, European Court of Human Rights’ censure of Italy’s illegal pushbacks and public opinion pressure temporarily displaced but did not fundamentally change EUrope’s restrictive approach to irregular mobility governance. While some new and less restrictive border enforcement policies were developed in response to the soaring death toll, this humanitarian turn was short-lived. By combining the mechanism of failing forward with institutionalist insights, our concept of failing through explains why the EU and its member states soon backslid into pre-existing institutional arrangements like bilateral agreements with Libyan authorities notwithstanding their problematic legal, ethical and political implications.

How to Live the Advertisement of Family Planning Products in the Age of "Sex" Change

In China, advertising of family planning products rarely transmits the information of family planning products to the public through mass platforms such as television. In addition to policy prohibitions, it is now mostly the pressure of public opinion. Another reason is that the TV advertising investment is large, and the coincidence rate between the TV audience and the current major consumers of family planning products is not high, so it is not necessary for advertisers to put advertisements on the TV platform. Although the advertising of family planning products often wanders on the edge of the prohibition of advertising laws and regulations, there is no way to walk along the river without wetting your shoes. If you don't pay more attention to the advertising of family planning products, it will violate the advertising laws and regulations, which will have a negative impact on the enterprise as well as the society. Although both good and bad advertisements can bring a lot of traffic to enterprises, from the perspective of advertising law and professional ethics, the publicity effect of an excellent advertising work is far greater than that of an advertisement. Advertising should not ignore the moral value of the advertising works in order to pursue the publicity effect. Although it is an advertisement for family planning products, creative breakthroughs should be made as far as possible during the production, rather than violations or even illegal acts. The advertising of family planning products should conform to the advertising laws and regulations, and the advertising producers of family planning products should uphold professional ethics, so as not to let the advertising of family planning products become "rotten", and the era of "sex" change for the sake of this is another layer of public fear of the advertising of family planning products. This article combines the development of family planning product advertising with its gains and losses to make an advertising creation plan suitable for the survival in the age of "sex" color change, summarizes the future development direction of this kind of advertising, and at the same time, finds a solution to the current predicament and existing problems of this kind of advertising.

The Impact of Public Opinion Pressure on Construction Company Green Innovations: The Mediating Effect of Leaders' Environmental Intention and the Moderating Effect of Environmental Regulation.

Media has paid more attention recently on environmental issues caused by construction companies which imposes public opinion pressure on construction companies and could potentially impact their decision-making processes for green innovations. However, research on the relationship between public opinions pressure and construction company green innovation behavior is still limited. To understand how such public opinions pressure can impact construction companies' green transition and formulate advice accordingly, it is necessary to use empirical data to find the correlations. Therefore, this research has gathered questionnaire data of the construction companies in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle of China to study the influencing mechanism of environmental public opinion pressure on enterprise green innovation behavior, analyzes the realization path of leaders' environmental intention as a mediating variable in the impact of environmental public opinion pressure on enterprise green innovation behavior, and reveals the role boundary of environmental regulation as a moderating variable in the impact of environmental public opinion pressure on enterprise green innovation behavior. The results show that environmental public opinion pressure has a significant positive impact on enterprise green innovation behavior. More specifically, enterprise green innovation behavior is affected by leaders' environmental intention and the latter plays a partial mediating role between environmental public opinion pressure and enterprise green innovation behavior. Environmental regulation also enhances the sensitivity of companies to environmental public opinion pressure, and therefore can significantly strengthen the relationship between environmental public opinion pressure and enterprise green innovation behavior. Further research find that, compared with incentive-based environmental regulations, mandatory environmental regulations make companies more sensitive to environmental public opinion pressure and has a more significant positive moderating effect. The research conclusions could be used to provide theoretical reference with empirical data for accelerating the green innovation transformation and promoting the high-quality development in the construction industry.

Is Financial Institution Management Effective to Reduce Problems Related to Information Asymmetry in Taiwan?

Abstract Thanks to the deregulation of financial regulations since the 1990s, the domestic financial institutions had ever been in excessive amounts for a long time. In order to expand their business scope and market share, they often adopted a looser or simple review mechanism, which led to a decline in the asset quality of financial institutions and an upward trend in overdue loans. As a result, the credit card debt crisis caused by the information asymmetry and the derived serious social problems ensued . Under the pressure of public opinion, the financial authority was forced to promote the debt negotiation mechanism in 2005 and even led passing the Consumer Debt Clearance Regulations in 2007. This article analyzed the statistics of consumer finance related to public and private banks, trying to explain whether the problems related to information asymmetry was reduced and whether financial institution management was effective. The result revealed that the number of valid cards, revolving interest rates, and overdue ratios fell in tandem after the financial authority intervened in the market. Especially when the credit card debt crisis and the social problem were showed under control, it was proven that financial institution management is essential and effective to reduce problems related to information asymmetry in Taiwan. JEL classification numbers: G01,G21,G28. Keywords: Financial Institution Management, Credit Cards, Card Debt Crisis, Information Asymmetry, Adverse Selection, Moral Hazard.

Internet Rumor Audience Response Prediction Algorithm Based on Machine Learning in Big Data Environment

Rumors are an important factor affecting social stability in some special times. Therefore, the dissemination and prevention and control mechanisms of rumors have always been issues of concern to the academic community and have long been highly valued and widely discussed by experts and scholars. However, in combination with the Internet as a new type of media, although people have begun to pay attention to online rumors, research on it is still relatively fragmented, especially in the cross-domain research specific to the social influence of online rumors, and there is no clear indication of online rumors. The specific definition also did not analyze in detail the internal connection between its influence and group behavior. Therefore, this article will combine actual cases to explore and analyze the spread and influence process of online rumors and show its social influence, hoping to enrich the research of online rumors. Nowadays, the Internet has become the most important carrier to reflect the public grievances. Internet users have expressed their opinions on hot issues such as enterprises, people’s livelihood, and government management, which has formed a powerful public opinion pressure, which has far exceeded the traditional media. The hidden dangers of security cannot be ignored. Therefore, how to monitor network public opinion from a large amount of network data is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently. Firstly, this consists of four modules: information collection, web page preprocessing, public opinion analysis, and public information report. Secondly, text clustering, the core technology of network public opinion, is optimized, and single-pass algorithm based on double threshold is proposed. Then the dual-threshold single-pass algorithm is optimized based on the MapReduce parallel computing model, and finally a network public opinion collection technology is formed under the background of big data. Simulation results can greatly improve the performance of text clustering and can effectively optimize the design using the parallel computing model based on MapReduce. The average miss rate after optimization is 0.7569 times, the average false alarm rate is 0.5556 times, and C det is 0.5714 times. It proves that the collection technology based on machine learning under the background of big data is effective and has good performance.

Diffusion Path Identification of Public Opinion Involving Enterprise Green Technology Adoption: An Interpretive-Structural-Modeling-Based Approach.

With the increasing information transparency of business operations’ environmental influences, public opinion plays an important role in the green technology adoption of enterprises. Identifying the diffusion path of public opinion involving the process of enterprise green technology adoption is a significant task to verify the triggering mechanisms among the external factors and internal ones. An appropriate framework may help to clarify how the sustainability elements of public opinion are introduced to green technology adoption. Therefore, an interpretive structural-modeling (ISM)-based approach was applied to explore the basic transmission process and path of public opinion involving green technology adoption in enterprise practices. From the pressure of public opinion to the stakeholders involved, as well as the corresponding operational environmental activities, this study explored the psychological behavior of internal and external stakeholders and tried to clarify what the driving elements of green technology adoption are and how they relate to each other. Based on the field data collected from practitioners with Chinese contextual experience, the driving elements of the enablers of green technology adoption by enterprises were identified, and the fundamental triggering mechanisms of the public opinion pressure among them were analyzed. Thereafter, the influence of internal and external stakeholders involving green technology adoption and their corresponding behaviors under the pressure of public opinion were determined and expounded comprehensively, which illustrates the diffusion path of how public opinion influences the operational green technology adoption. This may narrow the gap between public environmental expectation and business operations. Finally, the managerial implications and the limitations of this study were concluded. The explanatory corresponding ISM model established in this study enriches the literature on the theoretical research of the mechanisms of green technology adoption.

Transition of business companies to circular economy in Slovakia

Integration of the circular economy system and its elements into business activities present new business opportunities. Despite the fact that circular economy represents a global trend, most industrial branches are based on the structure of a linear model. A system of circular economy has been gradually gaining ground in the business activities of companies functioning in Slovakia in different industries, including the clothing and textile industry. Transformation to the circular economy will be a necessity resulting from the legislative changes, as well as the pressure of public opinion. Our article focuses on this issue mentioned above. The main goal of the article is to explain the principles of the transition of companies operating in the textile and clothing industry from the linear to the circular economy and their potential for such a change and define the benefits of such a new business strategy for companies in Slovakia. In order for companies to be willing to switch to a circular economy, it is necessary to address the potential of the market and know the opinion of companies in the transition to a circular economy. To determine the market potential, we used ex ante forecasting using Holt's linear exponential smoothing, which showed us the growing trend of revenues in the textile industry, which can be an important factor for companies. In order for the transition to the circular economy to be successful, it is important to know the opinion of companies on the limitations and problems associated with the circular economy. To assess the opinions of companies, we worked with cluster analysis using the centroid method. The cluster analysis pointed to an implementation problem in almost 70% of the companies surveyed. Despite that all companies from the first cluster regard the circular economy as a new business model. However, it will be necessary to create adequate conditions for these companies to make the transition to the circular business models easier or possible. This primarily concerns adequate legislation and business operators’ awareness of both positives and negatives connected with the transition to such a business model.

Private Enterprise Identity and Corporate Financialization

As an important part of China’s national economic development, the private economy has played a relatively important role in promoting high-quality economic development, promoting scientific and technological innovation, and increasing employment opportunities. However, while the private economy is developing steadily and well, it also faces many pain points that need to be solved urgently. The identity problem is an important problem that has been troubling some private entrepreneurs for a long time. The so-called “private enterprise identity” mainly refers to the state-owned private enterprises whose initial property rights are owned by the state or the collective, and then privatized by private entrepreneurs through various ways such as equity acquisition. Compared with the self-employed private enterprises established by private entrepreneurs from the ground up, due to the high political cost and the pressure of public opinion, there are certain obstacles to their self-identity. This paper focuses on the specific impact of private enterprise identity on their micro-financialization decisions. Intuitively, due to the high political cost and public opinion pressure of state-owned private enterprises, the future operation risks of enterprises are exacerbated to some extent. In order to appropriately transfer risks, these private entrepreneurs have the motivation to strengthen financial asset allocation and thus increase the financialization degree of state-owned private enterprises. At the same time, due to certain obstacles to their own identity, state-owned private enterprises are more inclined to increase investment in the financial sector to deal with adverse situations such as the decline in the performance of their main business, which will also aggravate their financialization degree. Based on the above considerations, this paper takes the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share private companies whose actual controllers are natural persons or families during the period of 2007-2018 as the research sample, manually collects the initial property rights acquisition methods of private enterprises, and divides them into state-owned transformation private enterprises with serious identity problems and self-employed private enterprises without identity problems. It investigates the specific impact of private enterprise identity issues on their financial decision-making. The study finds that compared with self-employed private enterprises, state-owned transformation private enterprises with identity issues are more inclined to engage in financial behavior, which is reflected in a larger proportion of financial asset allocation and a higher proportion of financial investment income. Cross-sectional analysis shows that the positive impact of private enterprise identity issues on financial decision-making is more significant in the samples with poorer performance in the main business, greater operating risks, and lower degree of regional marketization. Further research finds that the financial behavior caused by private enterprise identity is mainly real estate investment, and also promotes the excessive financialization of enterprises. The research conclusion not only enriches the related literature on the influencing factors of corporate financialization and the economic consequences of private enterprise identity recognition, but also has certain reference significance for better exerting private entrepreneurship in the new era to promote the vigorous development of private economy. It also provides effective policy inspiration to properly manage and deal with the historical problems left over by some private enterprises in the process of property right transformation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and the new normal stage of economy.