Present Stage In China Research Articles

Innovations of "great power diplomacy with chinese characteristics" by Xi Jinping "in the new era"

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of Chinese diplomacy at the present stage of China's development. The purpose of the proposed study is to determine the features of "great power diplomacy with Chinese specifics in the new era." The purpose of this work - to examine the peculiarities of Xi Jinping-era diplomacy, to clarify the degree of their continuity with respect to previous diplomatic strategies of China, as well as to interpret the modern diplomatic strategy of "great power diplomacy with Chinese specifics" as a consequence of the growing power of China challenging the hegemony of the United States. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is based on the theory of structural realism and the theory of the transit of power, which allow us to study the influence of Chinese diplomacy as a derivative of China's increasing role in global governance on the process of structuring both the regional subsystem and the global system of international relations. The relevance of this study is associated with a change in the tactics of Chinese diplomacy towards a more focused and tougher rhetoric, emphasizing intransigence with baseless attacks by Western countries and manipulations with the vulnerability of indigenous Chinese interests. In the study, the authors note that throughout the period under review, pragmatism and an orientation towards modernization and strengthening of the country remained the invariable principle of Chinese diplomacy. Xi Jinping proclaimed a course for the "revival of the Chinese nation," which met with resistance from the countries of the "Collective West." The authors' scientifically significant contribution to the study of the peculiarities of the diplomatic practice of the People's Republic of China in the context of the implementation of the "diplomacy of a great power with Chinese specifics in a new era" is to assess the degree of compliance of this course with the need to defend China's fundamental national interests in a complicated international situation. The article emphasizes that "the diplomacy of a great power with Chinese specifics" allows China to demonstrate the behavior of a great power and at the same time change the balance of forces in the "international struggle for public opinion."

Can the organization of health resource integration be analyzed in terms of the current state of unmet demand for health services? take the health needs of the elderly in a place in zhejiang province, china, as an example

BackgroundThe aging of the population has made the health problems of the elderly increasingly prominent, and their health needs are increasing. Existing studies on health resource integration approaches are mostly incomplete in assessing the health service capacity from the perspective of the health service provider.ObjectiveThe unmet health needs of the elderly were sampled and analyzed from the perspective of health service demanders. To explore how to build an integrated medical organization structure to better meet the health needs of the elderly.MethodsA whole-group sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 1527 older adults in N district of H city, Zhejiang province, China, to cross-sectionally analyze their current status of unmet health needs.ResultsThe survey and analysis found that the needs of the elderly in this community to obtain disease-related knowledge, rational exercise, a healthy diet, and access to health information were not met. There were more patients with chronic diseases, and the top three chronic disease prevalence rates were hypertension (40.2%), dyslipidemia (8.4), and diabetes (7%). Chronic disease co-morbidities accounted for 13.3%.ConclusionThe relatively independently set up health service system at the present stage in China can no longer fully meet the health needs of the elderly, and the health service providers should provide integrated and continuous health services to meet the needs of whole-cycle health management. Therefore, we believe that effectively integrating various health service providers in the region and building an integrated health service organization with general practitioners as the core may be a solution to the current situation of unmet health needs of the elderly.

АМЕРИКАНСЬКО-КИТАЙСЬКІ ВІДНОСИНИ В ПОСТБІПОЛЯРНУ ЕПОХУ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТА ГЛОБАЛЬНА БЕЗПЕКА

The article examines the factors influencing the development of modern American-Chinese relations in the context of the problems of ensuring regional and global security. The necessity and expediency of in-depth analysis of the relations between the USA and the People's Republic of China (PRC) are substantiated, as the latter is of great importance for understanding the essence of modern relations between the two countries and future directions of foreign and foreign economic policy as world community leaders. The main trends in the development of relations between the United States and China for the current period and the near future are considered. The first steps in shaping relations between the two countries during the Trump administration are highlighted. The features of the modern development of China and the United States, the volume of trade between the PRC and the United States, as well as the global danger in the context of relations between China and the United States are analyzed. Thus, analysis of statistics on the level of trade in different periods showed that trade between China and the United States increased by 8.3% year on year to $ 586.72 billion in 2020. Chinese exports to the United States increased by 7.9% to $ 451.81 billion imports of American products increased by 9.8% to $ 134.91 billion. It is proved that at the present stage of China's development to establish the latest leadership ambitions remains the establishment of relations with other countries and not only by significantly increasing economic aid. To improve China's perception of the world, it needs to change its priorities for economic development to create a harmonious society, free from the current huge diversification in society. It was grounded that the expansion of trade and economic cooperation between China and the United States is a sincere desire of the Chinese and the American side. The Governments of both countries are focusing their efforts on providing a favorable and stable environment for the long-term development of bilateral trade and economic cooperation. In addition, senior management provides a solid foundation for achieving a trade balance between the two countries to improve bilateral trade and economic relations. The prospects for a US-China strategic partnership are also outlined. But the intensity of passions is also not observed. The positive and negative factors of this alliance are identified.

The Problems in and Countermeasures for Cultivating High-Level Agricultural Personnel <br/>—With Reference to the Development of Agricultural Education of Japan

The cultivation of high-level agricultural personnels is a key issue to solve the problems concerning “agriculture, rural regions and rural labors” and to guarantee the development of agricultural economy. The paper, with reference to the agricultural education of Japan, analysises the top six problems facing the cultivation of agricultural personnels at present stage in China, and puts forward nine countermeasures to deal with them.

Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of Water-Saving Irrigation in Agriculture in China

China is short of water resources, uneven spatial and temporal distribution, and low utilization rate of agricultural water, the development of water-saving agriculture is imperative. This paper briefly reviews the development process of water-saving agriculture in China, analyzes the problems existing in water-saving agriculture irrigation at the present stage in China from the aspects of technology, policy, fund, management, talent and concept, and puts forward the corresponding development countermeasures.

Research on Selection Method for the Types and Sites of Underground Repository for Compressed Air Storage

[Introduction] The selection of types and sites of underground repository for compressed air storage is one of the most important issues of large scale compressed air energy storage (CAES) plant planning. [Method] The advantages and disadvantages of 4 types of underground repository for compressed air storage were concluded based on comparison of analyzing literatures published domestic and oversea. The geology characteristics and distribution region of the suitable hard stratum for construction of underground rock cavern were also analyzed. The technology feasibility of rock cavern for compressed air storage was validated by the in-situ experiment results obtained from the first pilot repository for CAES in China. Sites planning method of underground repository for large scale CAES plant was studied taking Guangdong province for example. [Result] Rock caverns built in salt and hard rock stratum are the most feasible types of the underground cavern for CAES plant and hard rock stratum widely exists in most windy and solar energy abundant aera in China. [Conclusion] Wide distribution of the suitiable stratum for underground cavern construction in intermittent energy generation area solves the difficult problem of site selection for large scale CAES plant. Experiment data indicates that good quality of the rock mass is helpful for the solution of key problems such stability and sealing of underground cavern. All in all, it is feasiblity in technology at the present stage in China.

Catalytic Function of Coastal Economy Development on Inland Economy

Bai, J. and Zheng, P.-F., 2019. Catalytic function of coastal economy development on inland economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 727–731. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.China is striving to realize the regional integration development of coastal and inland economies. It is a key strategy for economic development at present stage in China. To scientifically lead the synergetic development of regional economy integration, this paper attempts to analyze and conclude the driving forces the coastal economy can play on the inland economy from the theoretical and practical perspectives. Based on the theories of port-Hinterland interaction and regional division of labor, it is investigated about how the economies in coastal port and inland cities in Liaoning Province are developing now. With data of GDPs and location quotient available for real cases as reference, the interactive synergy between coastal and inland community economies is measured quantitatively using the Logistic model in an attempt to conclude the push-pull powers between the two with the marginal and elastic analysis. In addition, a synergistic development strategy is also made for coastal and inland community economies. A quantitative and qualitative study is indeed significant for leading the synthetic development of regional economies.

The Rise of Hostile Takeovers and Defensive Measures in China: Comparative and Empirical Perspectives

As the ongoing shareholding structure reform continues to reduce the level of ownership concentration of Chinese listed companies, hostile takeovers have been on the rise in China, so has the use of takeover defences. The recent high-profile case of Vanke vs Baoneng has generated an intensive social debate on the use of takeover defences and their regulation in China. This paper undertakes an in-depth study of the Chinese regime for takeover defences both in the books and in practice. From a comparative perspective, it reveals that Chinese law is a mixture of experiences transplanted from overseas jurisdictions, but functions differently due to the unique local conditions in China. It then empirically examines how takeover defences are used in practice, finding that takeover defences, particularly ex ante defences, are widely adopted by Chinese listed companies. This is a matter of concern given that takeovers have important economic functions particularly at the present stage of China’s economic development. In spite of this, the paper refutes the idea of a blanket ban on the use of takeover defences, because takeover defences have both beneficial and detrimental effects. In regulating takeover defences, there needs to be a delicate balance between allowing the use of takeover defences and protecting shareholders’ rights. It is submitted that the primary power to decide on the use of takeover defences should be vested in the hands of shareholders. Considering the local situation in China where the main agency problem of corporate governance is between majority and minority shareholders, it is further argued that the issue of takeover defences should not be left entirely to shareholders in the name of corporate autonomy, but rather need to have some legal intervention to protect the rights of shareholders, particularly minority shareholders, in relation to the use of takeover defences.

Research on Improvement Mechanism of Education Innovation Ability in Higher Vocational Colleges

Based on innovative national construction background, aiming at the present stage of China’s independent innovation ability is insufficient constraints, embarks from the national innovation strategy and innovation of education guiding ideology, through analyzing the path of innovation education in the developed countries, the experience for reference and 30 years of innovation education practice in China, seeking to build the development of higher vocational teachers’ ability of innovation education promotion mechanism, to improve the quality of creative skills training and service transformation and upgrading of local industry has the vital significance.

Eco-compensation in China: Theory, practices and suggestions for the future

Eco-compensation is the most important form of compensatory conservation in China. However, this compensatory mechanism is criticized for vague definition and massive government participation. For better understanding of eco-compensation in China, this paper compares theories and practices of compensatory mechanisms in China and abroad. The analysis of theoretical backgrounds shows that eco-compensation in China is a combination of ‘ecological compensation’ and ‘payments for ecosystem services’. Ten compensatory projects in China and abroad are assessed to reveal characteristics and problems of eco-compensation in China. The results show that compensatory projects in China lagged behind mature foreign compensatory projects in clarity of property rights, responsibility fulfillment, executive efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability and equality. The massive participation of the government is the major reason for the poor performance of compensatory projects in China. However, government participation is necessary at the present stage in China for the income gap and beneficiaries' low willingness to pay. For the improvement of eco-compensation in China, suggestions are given on the choice of non-market valuation methods, the creation of property rights and the establishment of market mechanisms.

Evaluation of emission factors for light-duty gasoline vehicles based on chassis dynamometer and tunnel studies in Shanghai, China

CO, THC, NOx, and PM emission factors of 51 light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) spanning the emission standards from Euro 2 to Euro 5 were measured by a chassis dynamometer. High frequencies of high-emitting vehicles were observed in Euro 2 and Euro 3 LDGV fleet. 56% and 33% of high-emitting vehicles contributed 81%–92% and 82%–85% of the emissions in Euro 2 and Euro 3 test fleet, respectively. Malfunctions of catalytic convertors after high strength use are the main cause of the high emissions. Continuous monitoring of a gasoline vehicle dominated tunnel in Shanghai, China was conducted to evaluate the average emission factors of vehicles in real-world. The results indicated that the emission factors of LDGVs were considerably underestimated in EI guidebook in China. The overlook of high-emitting vehicles in older vehicle fleet is the main reason for this underestimation. Enhancing the supervision of high emission vehicles and strengthening the compliance tests of in-use vehicles are essential measures to control the emissions of in-use gasoline vehicles at the present stage in China.

The application of the theory of cognition, emotion, will and behavior in research integrity educational practice for the medical postgraduate students: based on experiences from United States

Objective The study analyzes the inadequacies of the research integrity educational practice for the medical postgraduate students in the present stage of China. Furthermore, the paper puts forward improvement suggestions and clears the direction for further efforts. Methods From the perspective of the educational law about cognition, emotion, will and behavior, the comparative analysis method is used, based on the rich experience in the United States. Results There are inadequacies of the research integrity educational practice for the medical postgraduate students in China, including that students lack knowledge learning motivation, and the pattern of education is simple. There are not enough emotional experience channels and the participation of students. Students lack honesty will training, and the intensity of supervision and punishment is not strong. The honesty recognition mechanism is weak, and cannot be used to guide practice. Conclusions In order to improve the level of the research integrity for the medical postgraduate students in China, we should optimize the system, follow the law of education, strengthen the transmission of knowledge, put the academic honesty education into normal work, enhance the emotional experience, build a participatory mechanism, highlight the positive guide, and increase the intensity of punishment. Key words: Research integrity; Postgraduate education; Medical postgraduate students

CDM’s influence on technology transfers: A study of the implemented clean development mechanism projects in China

Technology transfers through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol is one of the most important catalysts in the cooperation between developed (Annex I) and developing (non-Annex I) countries for climate change mitigation. With the large-scale implementation of CDM projects in recent years, it is important to timely and comprehensively analyze the effectiveness of technology transfers in these implemented projects on the level of individual countries. In this context, China is of particular significance as it is the biggest host country of CDM projects in the world; 50% of total CDM projects implemented from 2007 to 2012 have issued Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) to 60% of all of the CDM projects. In this study, we evaluated the performance of technology transfers in an exclusive database of 754 CDM projects hosted by China between 2007 and 2012 with issued CERs since CERs were first issued in China. In addition, we developed a logistic regression approach using 11-variables that include a series of extended technology transfer-based indicators from the perspectives of project design, economic level, and technology capability that have not been studied in detail in the past. The results show that technology transfers are more likely to occur in large-sized projects with higher CER incomes, in projects with international participants, and in projects involving types such as HFC-23 reduction, fuel substitute, and N2O decomposition, in comparison to projects involving renewable energy. We observed that over 90% of the technology transfer projects only include importation of equipment or training to China. In our findings of the regression results, it shows that technology transfers occurred more often in regions with lower technology capabilities, less energy consumption, and a lower GDP growth rate. Supported by high local technology capability and the governmental strategy with independent innovation, the advantages of introducing technology from other countries are offset by local technology diffusion. In a market view, financial incentives hinder CDM host parties from introducing new equipment or trainings for the high marginal cost, unless the high marginal cost of technology transfer can be offset by a large CDM with a high CER income. Technology transfer is more income-driven than sustainability-driven at the present stage in China. In our analysis, the drive out effect between HFC-23 and renewable projects in CDM suggests China government to publish more effective incentives to attract more sustainable types of CDM projects with a higher level of technology innovation. The results are also discussed in the context of policy issues, which can be helpful for the decision makers when formulating future sustainable strategic plans and policy.

State-Owned Banks Risk Management Research

This paper mainly studies the concept of state-owned bank's risk and risk management, the state-owned Banks' risk types and western state-owned banks risk management theory. Through the observation of the state-owned Banks risk management status qua in our country at present stage analysis, find out the problems that exist in the state-owned Banks' risk management at the present stage in China and the insufficiency, in the understanding of problems gradually put forward the corresponding improvement to our country state-owned Banks' risk management methods and countermeasures.

Embedded Technology Parameter Scheduling Optimization Expert System on the Plastic Extruder Applications in Production

In this paper, based on the status quo of plastics extrusion production process at the present stage in China, put forward on the basis of general embedded industrial control scheduling expert system for optimizing the process parameters is established. Structures of the expert system, user interface, the establishment of a knowledge base, reasoning machine design, the learning machine design and so on are introduced. System can according to customer's production goal reasoning out the required process parameter values, and has good portability, instead of the professional engineers for plastics extrusion production process parameters manually, save the human cost, improve the intelligent level of automation and production efficiency.

Study on the Mechanism of Industrial Cluster Promoting the Development of the Equipment Manufacturing Industry

Equipment manufacturing industry belongs to "high technology, high value-added" industry, providing equipment for other industries and protecting Chinas industry security. The paper study how to take advantage of the industry clusters to support the development of equipment manufacturing industry. Firstly, the paper analysed the present stage of China's manufacturing industry clusters,and Concluded that Chinas primary industry cluster stage has been completed. In this case, the model of Chinas industry cluster should transfer from "low technology, low value-added, low wage" to "high technology, high value-added, high wage". Secondly, the paper analyzed the internal industries interaction in cluster and the interaction between the cluster and the external area, and how they support the development of the equipment manufacturing industry. The paper pointed out: Industrial cluster has many benign interaction mechanisms, and the upstream and downstream industries inside the clusters can form a mutual promoting and spillover effect, and this effect will influenced the development of equipment manufacturing industry. Meanwhile, the interaction of cluster and external educational institutions, research institutes will support the development of the equipment manufacturing industry.

The Major Problems Needed to be Resolved in the Development of Electric Vehicles at the Present Stage in China

In this paper, on the basis of extensive investigation of development status of electric vehicles in China, several major problems needed to be resolved have been pointed out and analyzed according to the current market and technical condition.

Problems of Cane Breeding at the Present Stage of China from a Cytological Point of View

From 1949 to the early 1970s, the sugarcane industry in China produced new clones that were well received by sugarcane growers. It became increasingly difficult to produce new clones, and a search for new germ plasm was conducted in the 1970s. Lines of Saccharum spontaneum were collected, and cytological observations on ca. 80 of these lines revealed 2n = 80, 64, 72, 68, and 116. Clones YC55/7 and 55/12, derived by crossing PO J2878 and Ya Cheng spontaneum, were shown to have arisen from self-pollination of POJ2878. The chromosome number of clone YC58/43, which was the F~1 offspring of Badila and Ya Cheng spontaneum, increased by 50%. After the second nobilization, a commercial variety, YT64/395, was produced. For efficient sugarcane breeding, unintegrated independent breeding projects must be rejected. Chromosome counts on a large scale, selection based on chromosome variation and phenotype, and hybridization of plants drawn and executed according to the theory of nobilization must be stressed.