Present Data In Order Research Articles

Exploration of the Training, Educational Experiences, and Technical Competencies of Entry-level Manufacturing Engineers in the Commercial Space Industry

The commercial space industry is facing a shortage of qualified workers due to the aging and retirements of the workforce and the inability to find qualified candidates. To explore the training, educational experiences, and technical competencies of entry-level manufacturing engineers, the researcher interviewed eight manufacturing engineers at entry- and expert-levels in the commercial space industry for their experiences and perspectives on the skills and competencies needed for entry-level manufacturing engineers. The major findings from this study are the need for communication skills application, the importance of using mentoring as a teaching tool outside of formal education and training experiences, and the ability to present data in order to tell a story. Educators can prepare manufacturing engineers for the workforce in the commercial space industry with the result of this study.

간판 바탕색으로서의 흑색류에 대한 색채인식 연구

This study aimed to present data in order for laws and systems on outdoor advertisements to have more reasonable and specific color expressions. To this end, it researched and analyzed tendencies of perception by the audience, focused on ‘shades of black’ shown from the Outdoor Advertisement Ordinance, and conclusions derived from the research are as follows. First, there was a tendency that shades of black were perceived according to a tone regardless of a hue. Colors in BK(Black), bk(Blackish), dkGy(dark gray), dkgy(dark grayish) tone domains were mainly perceived as the shades of black. In particular, colors in BK(Black) and bk(Blackish) tone domains were strongly perceived as the shades of black. Second, shades of black could be classified into 3 factors according to their tone characteristics, and there was a trend that a degree of confidence as the shades of black increasingly strengthened in order of factor2(dkGy, dkgy), factor1(bk) and factor3(BK). Hence, even in the shades of black, it shows that a degree of perceiving colors as the shades of black varies as their tone characteristics. Third, there was no difference in the perception of shades of black according to gender and age but the study found out differences in tones under a category of shades of black depending on engagement and non-engagement in outdoor advertising except for BK(black) tone perceived as the shades of black with the strongest confidence. It reveals that for the same color employees were relatively more strict in consent to shades of black than non-employees.

Determinação da composição, partição e bioacessibilidade de cálcio em queijos Minas Padrão comerciais

Os queijos apresentam destaque entre os derivados lácteos pelos elevados teores lipídico, proteico e mineral. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar doze queijos Minas Padrão comercializados em Juiz de Fora. As análises ocorrerem quando os queijos estavam com intervalo entre 15 dias e 30 dias de fabricação de forma a avaliar os constituintes composicionais de relevância para a classificação no Regulamento Técnico de Identidade e Qualidade de Queijos, avaliar o potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) e, também, com relação ao teor, distribuição (frações de cálcio total, cálcio na fase aquosa e cálcio livre) e bioacessibilidade do cálcio. Os valores médios encontrados foram: 42,4 ± 3,8 % m/m de umidade; 22,5 ± 1,4 % m/m de proteína; 26,7 ± 1,9% m/m de gordura; 46,3 ± 2,7 % de gordura do extrato seco; 687 ± 86 mg/100g de cálcio total; 482 ± 139 mg/100g de cálcio na fase aquosa; 99,3 ± 10,7 mg/100mL de “cálcio livre”; 37,1 ± 13,5 % de bioacessibilidade de cálcio; 5,14 ± 0,20 de pH. A falta de um regulamento para o queijo Minas Padrão dificulta a caracterização do produto. Em relação ao mineral estudado, a maior parte do cálcio presente no queijo encontra-se na sua fase aquosa, associada aos sais. O teor bioacessível de cálcio nos queijos Minas Padrão comerciais apresenta grande variação, cujas causas são diversas. Este trabalho contribui para a valorização nutricional e para o aperfeiçoamento dos marcos regulatórios de identidade e qualidade do queijo Minas Padrão, por meio da inédita caracterização deste alimento quanto ao teor, a partição entre fases (aquosa e livre) e à bioacessibilidade do cálcio.

Kidney Transplant in the Era of Modern Therapy for Multiple Myeloma.

Chronic kidney disease is common in patients with multiple myeloma. Historically, individuals with end-stage renal disease and multiple myeloma did poorly with renal transplantation due to higher mortality rates from the malignancy itself or associated comorbidities. However, over the past 2 decades, there have been significant advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma with the advent of new therapeutic agents resulting in an improvement of long-term survival. As a result, more individuals with multiple myeloma are being referred for kidney transplantation, especially those with good functional capacity and minimal comorbidities. Recent literature has suggested that certain patients with multiple myeloma can successfully undergo renal transplantation after stem transplantation with consideration for maintenance therapy, although caution should be used with immunomodulating drugs due to the anecdotally reported risk of acute rejection. Therefore, having a multidisciplinary approach with the transplant team and hematology both before and after transplant is crucial in maximizing the chance of success for these individuals. This review summarizes the literature on renal transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma as well as the therapeutic advancements that have occurred which may allow certain patients to undergo successful transplantation.

Quantitative relationship between anisotropic strain to failure and grain morphology in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

The aim of this study was to identify processing-microstructure-mechanical property links in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. First, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced via two laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) methods, one using a pulsed laser (P-LPBF) and the other a continuous-wave laser (CW-LPBF), were investigated and compared. Second, existing data from the literature were integrated with the present data in order to identify a general quantitative relationship between anisotropic ductility and grain morphology in additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. This revealed that an exponential relationship exists between the anisotropic grain morphology and anisotropic elongation to failure in Ti-6Al-4V. In particular, this relationship shows that a prior-β grain aspect ratio (grain height to grain width) exceeding 6 results in significant anisotropy in elongation. Namely, the columnar grains dominate the fracture mechanics by furnishing significant damage accumulation paths for tension in the longitudinal direction, resulting in higher ductility in the build direction than that in the longitudinal direction. With respect to processing, it was shown that as-built CW-LPBF samples had nearly equiaxed grains while those made by P-LPBF had elongated columnar grains. This resulted in greater yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and ductility in the CW-LPBF samples compared to P-LPBF samples.

The Library Big Data Research: Status and Directions

Libraries are widely used by government, universities, research institutes, and the public since they are storing and managing intellectual assets. The library information directly stored in libraries and about the people interaction with libraries can be transformed into accessible data which then will be used by researchers to help library better serve users. Librarians need to understand how to transform, analyze, and present data in order to facilitate such knowledge creation. For example, the challenges they face include how to make big datasets more useful, visible and accessible. Fortunately, with new and powerful analytics of big data, such as information visualization tools, researchers/users can look at data in new ways and mine it for information they intend to have. Moreover, interaction of users and stored information has been taken into librarian's consideration to improve library service quality. In this work, the authors discuss the characteristics of datasets in library and argue against a popular confusion that data involved in library research is not big enough, conduct a review for the research work on library big data and then summarize the applications and research directions in this field. The status of big data research in library in China is discussed. The challenges associated with it are also discussed and explored.

Operationalization of Sign Language Phonological Similarity and its Effects on Lexical Access.

Cognitive mechanisms for sign language lexical access are fairly unknown. This study investigated whether phonological similarity facilitates lexical retrieval in sign languages using measures from a new lexical database for American Sign Language. Additionally, it aimed to determine which similarity metric best fits the present data in order to inform theories of how phonological similarity is constructed within the lexicon and to aid in the operationalization of phonological similarity in sign language. Sign repetition latencies and accuracy were obtained when native signers were asked to reproduce a sign displayed on a computer screen. Results indicated that, as predicted, phonological similarity facilitated repetition latencies and accuracy as long as there were no strict constraints on the type of sublexical features that overlapped. The data converged to suggest that one similarity measure, MaxD, defined as the overlap of any 4 sublexical features, likely best represents mechanisms of phonological similarity in the mental lexicon. Together, these data suggest that lexical access in sign language is facilitated by phonologically similar lexical representations in memory and the optimal operationalization is defined as liberal constraints on overlap of 4 out of 5 sublexical features-similar to the majority of extant definitions in the literature.

Persistent sensory dysfunction in pain‐free herniotomy

Persistent post-herniotomy pain may be a neuropathic pain state based on the finding of a persistent sensory dysfunction. However, detailed information on the normal distribution of sensory function in pain-free post-herniotomy patients hinders identification of exact pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, we aimed to establish normative data on sensory function in pain-free patients >1 year after a groin herniotomy. Sensory thresholds were assessed in 40 pain-free patients by a standardized quantitative sensory testing (QST). Secondary endpoints included comparison of sensory function between the operated and the naïve side, and correlation between sensory function modalities. QST showed that on the operated side, thermal data were normally distributed, but mechanical pressure and pinch thresholds were normalized only after log-transformation, and cold pain and pressure tolerance could not be normalized. Comparison of QST results revealed significant (P<0.01) cutaneous hypoesthesia/hyperalgesia, but also significant pressure hyperalgesia (P<0.01) and decreased pressure tolerance (P=0.02) on the operated vs. the naïve side. Wind-up was seen in 6 (15%) but with a low pain intensity. Persistent sensory dysfunction is common in pain-free post-herniotomy patients. Future studies of sensory function in persistent post-herniotomy pain should compare the findings to the present data in order to characterize individual patients and potentially identify subgroups, which may aid in allocation of patients to pharmacological or surgical treatment.

Trends of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Israel, by gender, age, ethnic group, and country of origin: 1970–2006

Oral and pharyngeal cancer is one of the few life-threatening oral diseases. Israel is recognized as a developed country, characterized by a heterogeneous population, a high level of sun exposure, and a large proportion of faired skinned inhabitants. The purpose of this study was to describe trends in incidence and survival rates of oral and pharyngeal cancer between 1970 and 2006. The incidence and survival data were derived from the Israel National Cancer Registry between 1970 and 2006. Oral and pharyngeal cancer included cancers of the lips, tongue, oral mucosa, floor of the mouth, major salivary glands and pharynx. Results indicated trends, survival rates and associations by ethnicity, country of origin, age, and gender. The average age-world-standardized incidence rate, ASR(W), per 100 000, in 2001-2006 was 5.77 and 3.75 for Jews, and 5.99 and 2.30 for Arabs (males and females, respectively). The lip was the most common oral cancer site (36.8%). Over time, the rate (per 100 total cancer cases) decreased from 3.1 to 2.0, and male:female ratio decreased from 1.7 to 1.3. Kaplan-Meier survival plots demonstrated that patients under the age of 20 years had almost half the survival rate of older groups and lip cancer had almost twice the survival rate than other sites. Israel represents a developed country with relatively low percentage of alcohol consumption and high sun exposure. Data from this region demonstrated dissimilar distributions in comparison with other 'Westernized' countries. Public health programs need to utilize the present data in order to implement preventive strategies. Potential focus on specific high-risk populations should be investigated.

Experimental studies on two-phase flow patterns aboard the Mir space station

A series of experiments on two-phase gas–liquid flow patterns in a test tube with a length of 356 mm and an inside diameter of 10 mm were performed aboard the Mir Space Station in August 1999. Carbogal and air were used as the liquid and the gas phase, respectively. In the present paper, the experimental results at the background microgravity environment of the Mir Space Station (no more than 10 −5 g) were reported. Five kinds of flow patterns, namely dispersed bubble flow, bubble flow, slug flow, slug–annular transitional flow, and annular flow, were observed in the space experiment. Due to the small length-to-diameter ratio of the test tube used in the present study, the observed flow patterns should be considered to be developing ones. The experimental results were compared with the model proposed previously which accounts for the entrance effects on the flow pattern transitions. A good agreement between the predictions and the experimental data was obtained. Some widely used models developed based on the analysis of fully developed two-phase flow at microgravity were also compared with the present data in order to make evaluations of these models and to have some insights on the flow evolution.

$K \to \pi\pi$ phenomenology in the presence of electromagnetism

We describe the influence of electromagnetism on the phenomenology of K -> pi pi decays. This is required because the present data were analyzed without inclusion of electromagnetic radiative corrections, and hence contain several ambiguities and uncertainties which we describe in detail. Our presentation includes a full description of the infrared effects needed for a new experimental analysis. It also describes the general treatment of final state interaction phases, needed because Watson's theorem is no longer valid in the presence of electromagnetism. The phase of the isospin-two amplitude A_2 may be modified by 50% -> 100%. We provide a tentative analysis using present data in order to illustrate the sensitivity to electromagnetic effects, and also discuss how the standard treatment of epsilon'/epsilon is modified.

Electron momentum spectroscopy of [1.1.1]propellane

The first complete valence shell electron separation energy spectra are measured for [1.1.1]propellane by electron momentum spectroscopy at a total energy of 1000 eV. Momentum densities (cross sections) are obtained at two well-separated momenta, one close to zero ( p ≈ 0.16 au), the other at p ≈ 0.77 au, to highlight respectively the s and p symmetries of the valence orbitals. Many-body calculations of the separation energies and spectroscopic factors using Green function methods are carried out and compared with the present data in order to interpret and understand the measured separation energy spectra.

Elastic electron scattering from helium: absolute experimental cross sections, theory and derived interaction potentials

The authors report new differential cross section measurements (E0=1.5-50 eV) and coupled channel optical model calculations for elastic scattering of electrons from helium. The experimental results, from a crossed electron-atomic beam apparatus are analysed via a complex phaseshift technique with the derived phaseshifts, and their associated errors, then being used to derive total elastic, total reaction, total momentum transfer and grand total cross sections, and their respective errors, in a mathematically rigorous manner. Further, the authors applied fixed-energy inverse scattering techniques to the present data in order to deduce the interaction potential between the colliding particles.

The level structure of78Br

The level structure of 78Br has been investigated through the 75As( alpha ,n gamma ), 77Se(3He,d) and 79Br(p,d) reactions. The charged-particle reactions provided the energies of 49 levels ranging up to 2.2 MeV, and l values and spectroscopic strengths were determined for the angular distributions from neutron and proton transfer reactions to most of the states. Energies of 150 gamma rays from 78Br were determined from singles measurements. Gamma-gamma coincidences were observed and half-lives were determined for several gamma transitions. Data from nearby nuclei were compared with the present data in order to test the validity of a weak-coupling model for 78Br.

Effect of pressure on the melting of iron

The melting point of relatively pure iron was determined at pressures up to 40 kb. When the experimental data are fitted with a straight line of slope 2.85 deg/kb most of the scatter is less than 4°. If observed temperatures are corrected according to Hanneman and Strong for the effect of pressure on thermocouples, the slope of the melting curve becomes 3.8 deg/kb. Some limits upon the melting temperature of iron at higher pressures are obtained by consideration of zero-pressure and low-temperature data, as well as high-pressure data, for iron and its alloys. Because of the considerable ignorance concerning the course of fusion curves at high pressure, it seems unwise to extrapolate the present data in order to estimate temperatures near the center of the earth.

FURTHER STUDIES ON THE PRESERVATION OF COMPLEMENT BY SODIUM ACETATE

Sufficient time has now elapsed to convince all serologists, who have investigated the preservative properties of sodium acetate on guinea-pig complement,1of its value. Since Army service has interrupted my studies, I desire to submit my present data in order that investigators who have the facilities may, if so inclined, work out the interesting problems indicated. It is hardly necessary to state that any step which makes for stability and simplification of laboratory technic, no matter how simple, may, in its application, be of tremendous value. One of the greatest complications to the Wassermann technic was the unstability of complement, and it occurred to me that if anything could be found to stabilize this very essential component it would be of considerable value. I therefore set about systematically to test the chemicals at hand in my laboratory for their respective effect on blood, with particular reference to complement, and