Presence Of Oral Habits Research Articles

Impact of Oral Habits and Buccal Frenulum on Gingival Microcirculation in Children: Findings and Clinical Significance

Background. Oral mucosal abnormalities such as abnormal lip frenulum, buccal frenulum, ankyloglossia are commonly observed in a routine dental practice. The close anatomical and functional relationship between the gingiva and the alveolar bone determines the significance of abnormal mucosal structures in the development of malocclusions and periodontal diseases. Oral habits are more prevalent in childhood; however, they can persist into adolescence and adulthood, potentially leading to dentofacial impairments and malocclusions. Therefore, there is a growing interest in understanding oral mucosal blood flow in the presence of oral habits and abnormal mucosal structures, as their combined effects may have a synergistic influence on the development of maxillomandibular anomalies.
 Aim. This study was aimed to investigate age-depended parameters of gingival microcirculation in children with buccal frenulum, oral habits, and maxillomandibular anomalies.
 Methods. This cross-sectional study involved 45 apparently healthy children and 180 children with oral habits, buccal frenulum, and maxillomandibular anomalies, divided into 3 age groups (ages 9 to 12, 12 to 15, and 15 to 17 years). Oral mucosal blood flow was assessed using a rheograph DX (Kharkiv, Ukraine) by measuring qualitative characteristics and quantitative parameters such as the vascular tone index (VTI), venous outflow index (VOI), peripheral resistance index (PRI), extensive blood flow index (EBFI), and rheographic index (RI). Statistical analysis included Spearman’s correlation, a Kruskal-Wallis H test, and a Dunn’s post-hoc test.
 Results. The study revealed a significantly higher VTI in all patient groups, increasing with age and reaching +80.54% in the oldest age group compared to the respective control group. This elevation was accompanied by a moderate correlation enhancing the PRI (+4.61% in 9-12-year-old group to +33.42% in 15-17-year-old group). Furthermore, the VOI exhibited a noteworthy and age-dependent increase; however, there was a notable reduction in the RI (-41.10% to -59.70%) and EBFI values (-35.54% and -37.70% versus -23.97% in the youngest age group).
 Conclusions. This study demonstrated a relationship between oral habits, buccal frenulum, and age-dependent disturbance of gingival microcirculation in children. The findings suggest that chronic traumatization due to oral habits and abnormal mucosal structures lead to increased vasoconstriction and impaired vessel elasticity. Early intervention and management of such category of patients are crucial for preserving optimal gingival microcirculation.

Risk factors for orthodontic fixed retention failure: A retrospective controlled study.

: To investigate the potential correlation between fixed orthodontic retention failure and several patient- and treatment-related factors. : Patients finishing treatment with fixed appliances between 2016 and 2017 were retrospectively included in this study. Those not showing fixed retention failure were considered as control group. Patients with fixed retention failure were considered as the experimental group. Additionally, patients with failure of fixed retainers in the period of June 2019 to March 2021 were prospectively identified and included in the experimental group. The location of the first retention failure, sex, pretreatment dental occlusion, facial characteristics, posttreatment dental occlusion, treatment approach and presence of oral habits were compared between groups before and after treatment separately by using a Fisher exact test and a Mann-Whitney U test. : 206 patients with fixed retention failure were included, 169 in the mandibular and 74 in the maxillary jaws. Significant correlations were observed between retention failure in the mandibular jaws and mandibular arch length discrepancy (P = 0.010), post-treatment growth pattern (P = 0.041), nail biting (P < 0.001) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.002). Retention failure in the maxillary jaws was more frequent in patients with IPR in the mandibular jaws (P = 0.005) and abnormal tongue function (P = 0.021). : This study suggests a correlation between fixed retention failure and parafunctional habits, such as nail biting and abnormal tongue function. Prospective studies with larger study populations could further confirm these results.

Prevalence Of Traumatic Dental Injuries In Presence Of Oral Habits Among Preschoolers -an Institutional Based Retrospective Study.

Prevalence Of Traumatic Dental Injuries In Presence Of Oral Habits Among Preschoolers -an Institutional Based Retrospective Study.

A cross-sectional survey to ascertain the prevalence of oral habits among eleven to twelve year old children in Trinidad and Tobago

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral habits in eleven to twelve year old children in Trinidad and Tobago and to determine if there is any association with ethnicity and gender. Design Cross-sectional survey. Methods An epidemiological survey of 975 high school students (566 females (58.1%) and 409 males (41.9%)) was conducted. A questionnaire was developed to record information on the presence of oral habits. A clinical examination was also conducted at the school site. Statistical analysis was undertaken using Chi-square test and binary logistic regression. Results There was a high prevalence of oral habits. The overall prevalence of habits was 93%. 81.3% of children had a tongue thrust, 46.3% nail biting habit, and 34.9% digit sucking habit. Afro-Trinidadian subjects and female subjects were more likely to have habits with tongue sucking in particular exhibiting a female (OR 0.419 95%CI 0.285, 0.616) and Afro-Trinidadian ethnic (OR 0.559 95%Ci 0.433, 0.721) predilection. Conclusion The prevalence of oral habits in eleven and twelve year old children in Trinidad and Tobago is high, with higher prevalence in females and Afro-Trinidadians with tongue thrusting being most prevalent oral habit overall.

Anxiety and oral habits as factors associated with malocclusion

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to associate the presence of oral habits with anxiety and malocclusion. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with 199 schoolchildren 6–14 years old. Malocclusion was evaluated by using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Oral Habits Questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to assess oral habits and anxiety. The schoolchildren were divided into two groups: mixed and permanent dentition. The associations between the outcome variable (oral habits) and the independent variables (anxiety and malocclusion) were evaluated using the Exact Fischer test and the Chi square test. Results: Of the individuals with malocclusion in permanent dentition, 77.4% reported some deleterious oral habit, and 55% of those with no malocclusion at this stage had deleterious habits. Discussion: Oral habits may be associated with the presence of malocclusion in different stages of occlusal development (mixed and permanent dentition) and may be influenced by anxiety.

Presence of oral habits and their association with the trait of anxiety in pediatric patients with possible sleep bruxism.

Bruxism is a repetitive masticatory muscle activity with a multifactorial etiology , that can be associated to emotional factors. The aim of the study is to identify the presence of oral habits (OHs) and their association with the trait of anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children [STAI-C]) in pediatric patients with possible sleep bruxism (PSB). Children between 3 and 12 years of age with PSB reported by their parents with complete deciduous or mixed dentition were included in the present study. Sociodemographic data (SD) as well as those on OHs such as only natural (ON), artificial breastfeeding (OA) or both (NA), finger sucking (FS), pacifier use (PC), and biting nails (BN) or objects (OB) were obtained through an interview with the parents/guardians answered the Brazilian version of the STAI-C questionnaire. SD and OH as well as STAI-C findings were descriptively evaluated, while the associations between OH and STAI-C with PSB were evaluated using the Chi-square test (P < 0.05). The final sample was 52 children (6.62 ± 1.8 years). Of these, 51.9% were males, 82.7% reported not living in social risk areas, and 21.2% were only children. Considering the OH, patients participated in ON (26.9%), OA (9.6%), and both (63.5%); 13.5% had an FS habit and 46.2% had related PC use; and 80.8% were reported to have OB biting behaviors, while 53.8% participated in BN. The STAI-C was present in 25 (48.1%) patients with PSB and was not associated with the presence of OH. There is no association between STAI-C and OH in pediatric patients with PSB.

Medidas antropométricas orofaciais em crianças de três a cinco anos de idade

OBJETIVO: obter as medidas antropométricas orofaciais em crianças pré-escolares de três a cinco anos e realizar a correlação com idade cronológica, gênero, raça e hábitos orais. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com 93 crianças selecionadas por meio de amostra de conveniência consecutiva. Os responsáveis responderam a um questionário sobre os hábitos orais e as crianças foram submetidas a uma avaliação odontológica e antropométrica da face. O nível de significância utilizado foi p&lt;0,05. RESULTADOS: as médias das medidas antropométricas orofaciais foram descritas. Houve diferença estatística nas medidas de altura da face (p&lt;0,001), terço médio da face (p&lt;0,001), canto externo do olho até a comissura labial esquerda/direita (p&lt;0,001) e lábio inferior (p=0,015) nas faixas etárias. O gênero masculino apresentou medidas superiores na altura de face (p=0,003), terço inferior da face (p&lt;0,001), lábio superior (p=0,001) e lábio inferior (p&lt;0,001). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na altura do lábio superior em sujeitos não brancos (p=0,03). A presença de hábitos orais não influenciou os resultados. O aleitamento materno exclusivo por seis meses influenciou o aumento da medida de terço médio (p=0,022) e da altura da face (p=0,037). CONCLUSÃO: as médias descritas neste estudo foram superiores aos padrões encontrados em outros estudos. As médias orofaciais aumentaram conforme a idade. Houve superioridade nas medidas para o gênero masculino e para as crianças não brancas, mas não para presença de hábitos orais.

Association Between Oral Habits and Temporomandibular Disorders: Do Children Imitate Parents in the Adoption of Certain Habits?

Purpose: To examine a possible association between the presence of oral habits in parents and the presence of oral habits in children, observing the habit of a higher frequency in these groups. The aim is also to investigate the correlation between the occurrence of TMD and the presence of oral habits in these children. Methods: A questionnaire was given out to 50 children and their parents at the Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry of FO/UFJF addressing the presence and frequency of oral habits of sucking (pacifier and digital) and chewing (biting nails, biting objects, biting the oral mucosa, bruxism and clenching), and the presence of tables of temporomandibular disorders in children. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis, and chi-square test chosen. Results: The results showed no association between the presence of oral habits in parents and the presence of oral habits in children, considering the 5% level of significance (p greater than 0.05). The habit of biting objects 74% (n=23) was the most common habit among children. While the habit of clenching 46% (n=37) was the most frequent among the parents. The results showed no association between the presence of oral habits and temporomandibular disorders, regardless of the type of habit. Conclusion: The oral habits are common in children. Guidance and clarification are essential in these cases and empower mothers to become agents for stimulating the better development of their children.