Presence Of Kerr Effect Research Articles

Numerical investigation of guiding of Gaussian laser pulse in plasma channel with radial variation in presence of Kerr effect by Runge–Kutta and extrapolation methods

Numerical investigation of guiding of Gaussian laser pulse in plasma channel with radial variation in presence of Kerr effect by Runge–Kutta and extrapolation methods

Design and investigation of N1-class next-generation passive optical network-2 (NG-PON2) coexistence architecture in the presence of Kerr effect and four-wave mixing (FWM) for fiber to the home (FTTX) access networks

Abstract In this paper, we investigated N1-class Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) Next-Generation Passive Optical Network-2 (NG-PON2) supporting symmetric and coexistence configuration in a worst-case scenario. The network is optimized in the presence of linear and nonlinear impairments such as chromatic dispersion (CD), self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), and four-wave mixing (FWM). On-off key (OOK) modulation technique incorporating hybrid optical distribution network (ODN) i.e., wavelength select (WS) and wavelength-routed (WR) ODN is used to connect downstream (D/S) and upstream (U/S) channels supporting symmetric 80 Gbps data rate operating at 2.5/2.5 and 10/10 Gbps, respectively. G.652 single-mode (SM) fiber channel is modeled for fiber launch power PTODN = 3 dBm and 4 dBm for D/S and U/S channels to implement N1-class network. The D/S and U/S receiver sensitivity (Rxs) demonstrated are −44.23/−37.46 dBm and −28.46/−35.32 dBm and inter-channel crosstalk (Cc) is −31.97/−31.39 dB accommodating 640 splitter configuration at 50 km in the presence of impairments at 10E-7 bit error rate (BER) and Quality (Q)-factor of 5 for 10 Gbps channel.

Nonlinear coupling of two nonlinear coupled plasmonic nanowires in the ‎presence of Kerr and two-photon absorption in the modes of TM00 and TM10‎

The nonlinear interactions of coupled nanowires are important phenomena in data processing of integrated photonic circuits. In this paper, we investigate the nonlinear coupling of two silver nonlinear coupled plasmonic nanowires for TM00 and TM10 modes under different amplitudes in the presence of Kerr effect, and the other case that the medium has Kerr and two photon absorption (TPA) effect too. The results show that in the presence of TPA effect the nonlinear optical effects appear in lower input amplitudes than Kerr effect. The Kerr effect occurs in upper intensities than the TPA effect and nonlinear optical effect leads to decrease the exchange of plasmonic waves between two nanowires. Also, the coupling length (Lc), that it means the characteristic length of the structure has a lower coupling distance that through propagating in the medium the transfer of the wave is completely, in TM00 mode is lower than TM10 mode. Also, the results show that for different values of initial amplitudes of field in a fixed value of Lc, the coupling efficiency increases with increasing the value of intensity.

Surface plasmon hole burning at the interface of Cesium and Gold by Kerr nonlinearity

Spectral hole burning is examined via surface plasmon at the interface of Cesium and Gold atomic medium. Kerr nonlinearity effect creates a spectral hole in the absorption spectrum and also enhances dispersion of the surface plasmon polariton. The group speed of surface plasmon polariton is investigated and found to be slowed down. It is also noticed that the group index of surface plasmon polariton is enhanced in the hole burning region in the presence of Kerr effect. This work may have significant applications in data storage devices and plasmonster technology.

Dissipative entanglement swapping in the presence of detuning and Kerr medium: Bell state measurement method

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of the entanglement swapping between two independent nonperfect cavities consisting of an atom with finite lifetime of atomic levels (as two independent sources of dissipation) which interacts with a quantized electromagnetic field in the presence of detuning and Kerr medium. In fact, there is no direct interaction between the two atoms, therefore, no entanglement exists between them. We use the Bell state measurement performing on the photons leaving the cavities to swap the entanglement stored between the atom-fields in each cavity into atom-atom. Our motivation is arisen from the fact that two-qubit entangled states are of enough interest for quantum information science and technologies. We discuss the effect of initial state of the system, detuning parameter, the Kerr medium and the two dissipation sources on the swapped entanglement to atom-atom. We interestingly find that when the atomic decay rates and photonic leakages from the cavities are equal, our system behaves as an ideal system with no dissipation. Our results show that it is possible to create a long-living atom-atom maximally entangled state in the presence of Kerr effect and dissipation; we determine these conditions in detail and also establish the final atom-atom Bell state.

Optical bistability in coupled optomechanical cavities in the presence of Kerr effect

We theoretically investigate optical bistability for a hybrid optomechanical system, where two cavities (an optomechanical cavity and a traditional one) are coupled together. A Kerr medium is inserted in the optomechanical cavity and there is an ultra-cold atomic gas inside the other. Dynamics of the system is described by Heisenberg-Langevin equations of motion in the steady-state regime. Bistability is observed in intracavity intensity for the optomechanical cavity, and the response of this phenomenon to optical parameters of the system is investigated. It is observed that the atomic medium has a deep effect on bistable behavior of intracavity intensity for the optomechanical cavity. Also, we determine a critical value for the Kerr coefficient of the Kerr medium to observe bistability in intracavity intensity for the optomechanical cavity.

Coupling between microring resonators in presence of Kerr effect

The high degree of intensity values in microring resonators needs a careful treatment of nonlinear phenomena. Nonlinear effects are analyzed in coupling problem of ring–ring directional couplers. It has been observed that the nonlinearity affects the coupling device dramatically, and can be used as controlling techniques in such as coupled resonator optical waveguides.

Investigation on the implementation of high capacity optically amplified systems in links up to 4000 km long

This paper reports a numerical investigation on optical single-channel and multi-channel techniques to reach very high capacities in links ranging between 500 and 4000 km, taking into account the granularities required by traffic networks. The signal propagation has been studied in presence of Kerr effect, chromatic dispersion and amplified spontaneous emission noise of the optical in-line amplifiers. IM-DD and coherent asynchronous ASK have been taken into consideration.

High-speed DPSK coherent systems in the presence of chromatic dispersion and Kerr effect

The error probability for a single-channel coherent optical differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) transmission system based on repeaterless links in the presence of fiber chromatic dispersion and Kerr effect is evaluated. An accurate model for both the optical signal propagation and the probability distribution of the receiver decision variable is obtained by using a numerical solution of the nonlinear Shrodinger equation and the characteristic function method. The results show that the selection of an optimized IF filter bandwidth is crucial to obtaining the best system performance. When chromatic dispersion dominates, the best performance is achieved in the normal dispersion region whereas when the Kerr effect has the most limiting effect on system performances, the lowest error probability is attained in the anomalous regime. The maximum link length is limited by the presence of Kerr effect, independently of the amount of transmitted optical power, to be shorter than a threshold length if an error probability of 10/sup -9/ is to be achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>