Presence Of Insomnia Research Articles

Interaction Effect of Shift Work and Insomnia on Stroke Risk: A 19-Year Prospective Cohort Study in Korea.

Our study aimed to investigate the association between shift work and stroke and determine whether this association varies depending on the presence of insomnia. Utilizing the KoGES prospective cohort data, our primary exposure variables were shift work and insomnia. The occurrence of stroke was the main outcome of interest. Hazards ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox regression analysis. An interaction analysis was conducted to assess the interaction of shift work and insomnia on stroke incidence. In the interaction analysis, shift work was significantly associated with stroke incidence only in groups with insomnia and a hazards ratio of 2.49 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-6.11). Our study demonstrated that shift work was associated with a higher risk of stroke among the population with insomnia.

Mediating effects of insomnia and resilience on COVID-19-related post-traumatic stress disorder and quality of life in adolescents

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impaired the quality of life (QoL) for many due to its extensive impacts. However, few studies have addressed the specific impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of adolescents, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study considered the impact of COVID-19-related PTSD on the QoL of adolescents in China, the mediating effects of insomnia, and the moderating effects of resilience. Participants included 50,666 adolescents aged 12–18 years selected using a comprehensive sampling method. We performed data collection from January 8th to January 18th, 2023, using the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Ten-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Screening for and Promotion of Health-related QoL in Children and Adolescents Questionnaire for data collection. Male adolescents exhibited significantly lower levels of PTSD and insomnia compared to females and scored significantly higher in psychological resilience and overall QoL. Insomnia played a mediating role between PTSD and QoL. Psychological resilience moderated the impact of COVID-19-related stress on adolescents’ QoL through its influence on insomnia. PTSD resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic affects the QoL of adolescents through the presence of insomnia. Psychological resilience plays a moderating role in this process. Cultivating psychological resilience in adolescents can effectively enhance their ability to cope with the impacts of sudden public events.

Sleep quality is associated with reduced quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease through its interaction with pain.

Quality of life is reduced in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and poor sleep is prevalent in people with IBD. This study aimed to investigate the influence of sleep on quality of life (QoL) in people with inflammatory bowel disease. An online questionnaire was administered through three tertiary IBD centers, social media, and through Crohn's Colitis Australia. The questionnaire included the EQ-5D-5L measures of health-related QoL, the Insomnia Severity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and validated IBD activity and mental health scores. There were 553 responses included with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease (62.2%), with over half on biologic therapy (53.1%). Poor sleep and clinically significant insomnia were associated with lower QoL (EQ-5D-5L scores: EQVAS, utility score, P < 0.001 for all). Sleep quality scores correlated with the EQ-5D-5L domains of "pain" (ρ 0.35, P < 0.001), "usual activities" (ρ 0.32, P < 0.001), and "depression-anxiety" (ρ 0.37, P < 0.001). After adjusting for demographic variables, IBD activity, and depression and anxiety via multivariate regression, the "pain" domain continued to be associated with PSQI components "sleep quality" (P < 0.001), "sleep disturbance" (P < 0.001), and "sleep duration" (P < 0.001). Clinically significant insomnia was associated with a reduction in QoL (EQVAS, utility score) independent of IBD activity (P < 0.001) and of a similar magnitude to that seen with IBD activity. Health-related QoL in IBD is influenced by aspects of sleep quality irrespective of IBD activity and mental health conditions. The presence of insomnia is associated with a reduction in health-related QoL. Consideration should be given to sleep targeting interventional studies in an IBD population.

Correlation of Specific Inflammatory Markers With the Occurrence of Depression in Patients With Psoriasis and Their Use as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Depression.

Psoriasis is a systemic disease of the skin and nails associated with a wide range of comorbidities such as depression, psoriatic arthritis and metabolic syndrome. The study aimed to examine a potential association between inflammatory markers (C- reactive protein [CRP] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) and depression in patients with psoriasis. A total of 80 individuals were enrolled in the study. Case participants included 28 patients diagnosed with Psoriasis (Beck Depression Inventory-II: :0-13) and 24 patients diagnosed with Psoriasis and Depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II:14-63). Twenty-eight (28) healthy participants comprised the control group.Psoriasis severity was evaluated by using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, Physician Global Assessment, Body Surface Area and Dermatology Life Quality Index. Written approval was obtained for its use in this study: Cardiff University (09/2015). Other factors considered in the study were obesity using the Body Mass Index, the levels of stress using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the presence of insomnia using the Athens Insomnia Scale. Blood draws and inflammatory markers measurements were performed for all participants. Both CRP and ESR levels were higher in the case group (ie Psoriasis and Depression and Psoriasis) compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, psoriatic patients with depression showed increased CRP and ESR levels compared to those of psoriatic patients without depression. The evaluation of both CRP and ESR and their use to detect the presence of depression in patients with psoriasis can be an important tool for their holistic treatment of theirs.

The impact of a multidisciplinary approach on elderly patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2

Abstract BACKGROUND. The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact in terms of both somatic and mental morbidity. The most vulnerable group of patients is represented by the elderly, due to their global fragility. During the COVID-19 pandemic, research have stated that age and related comorbidities are associated with the outcome and evolution of the coronavirus infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We performed a prospective observational study by applying a specific unsystematized questionnaire containing 21 questions, including patients admitted between 01.10.2021-16.03.2022 in the Internal Medicine Clinic and the Infectious Diseases Clinic COVID-19. Two hundred patients were included in the study of which the most important group was represented by the elderly. The current study aimed to demonstrate the clinical complexity of the patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. RESULTS. Among those patients who complained of cardiovascular symptoms such as tachycardia, palpitations, chest pains, 59.6% had no cardiac pathology, therefore they required psychiatric examination and specific anxiolytic and/or antidepressant treatment. Despite the fact that alarmingly low rates of vaccination were observed, we noticed a statistically significant association between the presence of insomnia and vaccination status: half of the vaccinated stated that they sleep as well as usual, compared to only 22.8% of the unvaccinated. We also found a statistically significant association between the presence of insomnia and peripheric oxygen saturations below 93%. CONCLUSION. The results of our study highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary management of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially targeting the elderly and fragile patients.

Association Between Sleep-related Cognitions, Sleep-related Behaviors, and Insomnia in Patients with Anxiety and Depression: A Cross-sectional Study.

The cognitive model of insomnia states that worry about sleep contributes to poor sleep quality. Besides worry, beliefs about sleep and maladaptive safety behaviors also affect sleep quality. We aimed to find the association among the presence of insomnia, sleep-related cognitions, and behaviors among patients diagnosed with anxiety or depression. The present cross-sectional comparison study included patients with anxiety spectrum or depressive disorders as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-fifth edition and healthy controls. Mood status, insomnia severity, sleep quality, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, maladaptive safety behaviors, and pre-sleep arousal were evaluated using Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes Sleep Scale (DBAS), Sleep-related Behavior Questionnaire (SRBQ), and Pre-sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS), respectively. A p value ≤.05 was considered statistically significant. Both patients (n = 80) and controls (n = 80) were similar in sociodemographic profile, though the sample was predominantly female. Comparison between patients with insomnia (n = 60), patients without insomnia (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 80) showed that HAM-A and MADRS, DBAS, SRBQ, and PSAS scores were higher in patients with insomnia compared to their counterparts. DBAS and SRBQ scores positively correlated with increasing severity of insomnia. Dysfunctional beliefs regarding sleep (OR: 1.05; 95% CI = 1.00-1.09) and maladaptive behaviors related to sleep (OR: 1.02; 95% CI = 1.00-1.05) predicted insomnia in patients with depression or anxiety. Insomnia in anxiety or depression is associated with illness severity, dysfunctional beliefs regarding sleep, and sleep-related maladaptive behaviors. Maladaptive cognitions and behaviors can independently influence sleep quality.

P619 Sleep disruption is associated with reduced quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease through its interaction with pain

Abstract Background Quality of life is reduced in people with inflammatory bowel disease. Poor sleep is prevalent in people with inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to investigate the influence of sleep on quality of life in people with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods An online questionnaire was administered through three tertiary IBD centres, social media and through Crohn’s Colitis Australia. The questionnaire included the EQ-5D-5L measures of health-related quality of including EQ-5D utility score, EQVAS – visual analogue scale from 0-100 of quality of life and domains mobility, selfcare, activities, pain and depression and anxiety. Measures of sleep included the insomnia severity index (ISI), and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). IBD activity was assessed using validated patient reported scores. Demographic data and mental health scores were also obtained. Results Quality of life was lower in people IBD than the general South Australian population (utility score mean (SD) 0.79 (0.15) v 0.91(0.14)). Poor sleep and clinically significant insomnia were associated with lower quality of life (utility score 0.77 (0.15) and 0.71 (0.16) respectively, cohort 0.79 (0.15), p&amp;lt;0.0001). Sleep quality scores moderately correlated with EQ-5D domains pain (Ro=0.35), usual activities (Ro=0.32), and depression-anxiety (Ro=0.37) but not domains self-care or mobility. After adjusting for demographic variables, IBD anxiety, depression, and anxiety the pain domain continued to be influenced by sleep quality, sleep disturbance and sleep duration, and the usual activities domain continued to be influenced by daytime dysfunction (see table 1). Clinically significant insomnia was associated with a reduction of 13.6 (10.42-16.91) (univariate regression) in quality of life measured by EQVAS. Following introduction of demographic and IBD activity the reduction in EQVAS for clinically significant insomnia remained significant (10.11 (6.96-13.27)). Health related quality of life scores (EQVAS) were significantly worse in those with clinically significant insomnia and active IBD than with active IBD alone (see Figure 1). Conclusion Health related quality of life in IBD is influenced by aspects of sleep quality irrespective of IBD activity and mental health conditions. The presence of insomnia is associated with a significant decline health related quality of life. Consideration should be given to sleep targeting interventional studies in an IBD population.

Relationship of insomnia to sexual function and sexual satisfaction: Findings from the sleep and sex survey II

ObjectiveResearch suggests that healthy sleep is a key component of sexual function. When evaluating sexual function, however, poor sleep is often overlooked as a contributing factor. This cross-sectional survey expands prior work by exploring relationships among insomnia severity, sexual satisfaction, and sexual function with an updated battery of measures for the Sleep and Sex Survey. MethodThe sample (N = 1266) consisted of 618 men, 648 women recruited via Prolific, an online survey platform. The Sleep and Sex Survey II included measures addressing insomnia, fear of sleep, nightmares, sexual function, sexual satisfaction, sexual activity, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and alcohol use. ResultsRecent sexual activity was correlated with better sleep, lower anxiety, and lower scores on a posttraumatic stress disorder screener. Insomnia severity was negatively correlated with sexual satisfaction (r = 0.22, p < .001) and the presence of insomnia was associated with higher rates of sexual dysfunction in women (53.8% vs. 31.8%; p < .001) and men (22.7% vs. 12.5%; p = .036). In regression analyses, after accounting for depression and anxiety, insomnia had a statistically significant association with sexual function for women (β = 0.12; p < .01) but not men (β = 0.11; p = .60). ConclusionFindings support a relationship of insomnia to sexual function and satisfaction with some gender differences. Future work may be enhanced by assessing these relationships in a gender diverse population including objective sleep measures and addressing contributing mechanisms. Clinically, findings support the assessment of sleep when evaluating patients for sexual dysfunction.

Clinical Phenotypes Supporting the Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance and Impairment of Placebo Effects

Lack of good sleep or insomnia can lead to many health issues, including an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, fatigue, low mood, and pain. While chronic pain negatively impacts sleep quality, the relationship between descending pain modulatory systems like placebo effects and sleep quality is not thoroughly known. We addressed this aspect in a cross-sectional study in participants with chronic pain. Placebo effects were elicited in a laboratory setting using thermal heat stimulations delivered with visual cues using classical conditioning and verbal suggestions. We estimated the levels of insomnia severity with the Insomnia Severity Index and the sleep quality with the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. The previous night’s sleep continuity was assessed as total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and sleep midpoint the night before the experiment. 277 people with chronic pain and 189 pain-free control individuals participated. Participants with chronic pain and insomnia showed smaller placebo effects than those with chronic pain without insomnia. Similarly, poor sleep quality was associated with reduced placebo effects among participants with chronic pain. Clinical anxiety measured by Depression Anxiety Stress Scales partially mediated these effects. In contrast, placebo effects were not influenced by the presence of insomnia or poor sleep quality in pain-free participants. Sleep continuity the night before the experiment did not influence the placebo effects. Our results indicate that participants who experience insomnia and/or poor sleep quality and chronic pain have smaller placebo effects, and that the previous night sleep continuity does not influence the magnitude of placebo effects. PerspectiveThis study examined the relationship between sleep disturbances and experimentally induced placebo effects. We found that individuals with chronic pain who experience insomnia and poor sleep quality demonstrated reduced placebo effects compared to their counterparts with good sleep quality and no insomnia.

Concurrence of Insomnia and Daytime Sleepiness Predicted 9-Year Mortality Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Yilan Study, Taiwan.

Co-occurring insomnia and daytime sleepiness has an undetermined clinical significance in older adults. We aimed to investigate the relationship between various combinations of insomnia and daytime sleepiness with mortality risk in community-dwelling older adults. The moderation effect of sex was also assessed. We conducted this follow-up study including community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 in Yilan City, Taiwan. Daytime sleepiness was defined as scoring ≥11 on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Insomnia was defined as scores ≥5 on the Athens Insomnia Scale-5. Four phenotypes were defined based on the presence of insomnia or daytime sleepiness. The 9-year mortality risks for various phenotypic combinations were estimated using Cox regression analysis. Sex-specific risks were examined using an interaction term. In total, 2 702 older adults participated in the study, and 59.1% were women. The total 9-year mortality rate was 27.5%. After adjusting for all covariates, compared with those without insomnia or daytime sleepiness, the phenotype of co-occurring insomnia with daytime sleepiness predicted higher mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.76, confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-2.58). In contrast, insomnia and daytime sleepiness alone did not correlate with higher mortality. The interaction between sex with co-occurring insomnia and daytime sleepiness was significant (p = .01). When stratifying by sex, the association between co-occurring insomnia and daytime sleepiness with higher mortality risk was male-specific (HR: 3.07, CI: 1.87-5.04). Concurrence of insomnia and daytime sleepiness indicates a toxic phenotypic combination in older adults, particularly in men. Precise public health and preventive medicine can be implemented through geriatric sleep medicine.

The relation of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea on sexual function and climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of insomnia combined with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on sexual function and climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women. MethodsOur sample comprised 47 postmenopausal women distributed into 3 groups: 1) insomnia group, 2) OSA group, and 3) OSA + insomnia group. All participants completed the following questionnaires: the Insomnia Severity Index, the Female Sexual Function Index, and the Blatt-Kupperman menopausal index. Of the 47 participants, 34 women undergone polysomnography. The 3 groups were compared in respect of climacteric symptoms, sexual function score, and sleep. ResultsOur results showed that 85.1% of the postmenopausal women were classified with insomnia, 46.8% were diagnosed with OSA, and 82.9% had low sexual function. All groups had sleep efficiency of < 80%, wake after sleep onset of > 65 min, and a total sleep time of < 6 h, indicating poor sleep quality. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups in all sexual domains (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain). According to climacteric symptoms, the group of OSA + insomnia reported more climacteric symptoms when compared to OSA group. ConclusionsIn our sample, the presence of insomnia and OSA associated with postmenopause revealed a low score for sexual function. Climacteric symptoms were higher in the groups with insomnia, and the association with low sexual function can lead to worsening of clinical condition. This study emphasizes the importance to identify the sleep disorders that postmenopausal women may present and to consider the possible effects they may have in sexual dysfunction.

725-P: Depressive Symptoms and Insomnia and Their Relationship with Lack of Adherence to Treatment and Metabolic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: To determine the relationship between depressive symptoms and insomnia with therapeutic non-adherence and metabolic control in patients with T2DM. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with analytical component. Adult patients with DM2 treated in an Endocrinology Service of a University Hospital of Asunción-Paraguay from May to October 2022. The Morinsky-Green adherence questionnaires, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and predetermined questionnaire for clinical characteristics where used. Results: 171 patients were studied. Women: 69%. Mean age 54.9 ± 11.8 years. Symptoms of depression occurred in 61.9%. 59% suffered insomnia. The 64.3% of patients had moderate non-adherence. The mean HbA1c was 8.08 ± 0.16 %. Inadequate metabolic control (HbA1c &amp;gt;7%) was seen in 68% of patients. A relationship was found between depression and insomnia (p&amp;lt;0,001), in addition to the fact that the worse adherence the more depressive symptoms (p&amp;lt;0,001) and the more insomnia (p &amp;lt;0.001).Patients with poor metabolic control have more depressive symptoms (p=0,005) and insomnia (p=0,009). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to non-adherence to treatment and to worse metabolic control, but not the presence of insomnia without depressive symptoms. Disclosure M.N.Escobar: None. A.I.Ramirez: None. E.D.Bueno colman: None. A.Benitez: None. M.Palacios: Speaker's Bureau; Sanofi. J.T.Jimenez: None.

Predictors of health-related quality of life in outpatients with coronary heart disease.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important treatment target in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with poor outcomes. Therefore, it is of clinical importance to identify the key determinants of HRQoL among these patients. There is, however, limited knowledge of how a comprehensive set of psychosocial factors influence HRQoL. We aimed to determine the relative associations of clinical and psychosocial factors with mental and physical components of HRQoL in a sample of CHD outpatients. This cross-sectional study included 1,042 patients 2-36 (mean 16) months after a CHD event recruited from two general Norwegian hospitals with a combined catchment area making up 7% of the Norwegian population, representative with regards to demographic and clinical factors. We collected data on HRQoL, demographics, comorbidities, coronary risk factors, and psychosocial factors. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form 12 (SF12), which comprises a Mental Component Scale (MCS), and the Physical Component Scale (PCS). Crude and multi-adjusted linear regression analyses were used to investigate the association between covariates and MCS and PCS. Mean age was 61 [standard deviation (SD) 10] years, 20% were females, 18% had type D personality, 20% significant depression symptoms, 14% significant symptoms of anxiety whereas 45% reported insomnia. The presence of type D personality (β: -0.19), significant symptoms of depression (β: -0.15), and the presence of insomnia (β: -0.13) were negatively associated with MCS, but not PCS in multi-adjusted analyses. The presence of chronic kidney disease (β: -0.11) was associated with reduced MCS, whereas the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (β: -0.08) and low physical activity (β: -0.14) were negatively associated with PCS. Younger age was associated with lower MCS, whereas older age was associated with lower PCS. We conclude that Type D personality, depressive symptoms, insomnia, and chronic kidney disease were the strongest determinants of the mental component of HRQoL. Assessing and managing these psychological factors among CHD outpatients may improve their mental HRQoL.

Evaluation of serotonin and serotonin transporter levels among Obstructive Sleep Apnea patients

IntroductionObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing during sleep leading to sleep fragmentation and further excessive daytime sleepiness. Therefore, OSA patients are at high risk of suffering from complications from psychiatric disorders. Serotonin is a known neurotransmitter and together with serotonin transporter (SERT) is involved in the development of depression and insomnia.ObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate serotonin and SERT levels among OSA and healthy individuals and their association with insomnia and depression symptoms.MethodsForty individuals following polysomnography (PSG), based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), were divided into 2 groups: the OSA group (AHI30; n=20) and the control group (AHI&lt;5; n=20). Participants filled out questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Peripheral blood was collected in the morning after PSG. Protein concentrations were measured using ELISA. Further groups were divided into subgroups based on the standard cut-off points: without (AIS (-)) and with (AIS (+)) insomnia symptoms (AIS&gt;5) and without (BDI (-)) and with (BDI (+)) depression symptoms BDI (BDI&gt;19).ResultsNo differences between the OSA and control groups in serotonin (128.8 (73.4 – 209.0) vs. 132.7 (69.9 – 214.6) ng/ml, p=0.805 and SERT (55.8 (39.7 – 64.80) vs. 576.4 (424.2 – 658.3) pg/ml, p=0.564) levels were observed. In OSA group SERT level correlated with AHI (r=0.409, p=0.043), desaturation index (r=0.504, p=0.024) and mean oxygen desaturation during night (r=-0.522, p=0.018), while serotonin level was associated with BMI (r=0.550, p=0.012), but not PSG parameters. Serotonin level was higher in the AIS (+) group but only in healthy individuals. Further, serotonin levels decreased in the BDI (+) group, yet this finding was observed only in the control group.ConclusionsThe results show that serotonin levels are associated with the presence of insomnia in depression, but quite interestingly only among healthy individuals. The association between oxygen desaturation and SERT levels suggests the involvement of hypoxia in the serotonin signaling pathway. Yet further studies on larger populations are needed to better understand the mechanisms responsible for the development of psychiatric complications in OSA patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Insomnia, Daytime Sleepiness, and Quality of Life among 20,139 College Students in 60 Countries around the World-A 2016-2021 Study.

Sleep disorders are a widespread phenomenon, and the number of individuals suffering from them is increasing every year, especially among young adults. Currently, the literature lacks studies that cover both countries with different levels of development and a period before the announcement of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to globally assess the prevalence of insomnia and daytime sleepiness among students and assess their quality of life. For this purpose, our own questionnaire was distributed online via Facebook.com. In addition to the questions that assessed socioeconomic status, the survey included psychometric tools, such as the Athens insomnia scale (AIS), the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and the Manchester short assessment of the quality of life (MANSA). The survey distribution period covered 31 January 2016 to 30 April 2021. The survey involved 20,139 students from 60 countries around the world. The vast majority of the students were women (78.2%) and also those residing in countries with very high levels of development and/or high GDP (gross domestic product) per capita at 90.4% and 87.9%, respectively. More than half (50.6%) of the respondents (10,187) took the survey before the COVID-19 pandemic was announced. In the group analyzed, 11,597 (57.6%) students obtained a score indicative of insomnia and 5442 (27.0%) a score indicative of daytime sleepiness. Women, low-income residents, and nonmedical students were significantly more likely to have scores indicating the presence of insomnia. Individuals experiencing both sleepiness (B = -3.142; p &lt; 0.001) and daytime sleepiness (B = -1.331; p &lt; 0.001) rated their quality of life significantly lower. Insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness are common conditions among students worldwide and are closely related. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered students' diurnal rhythms, which contributed to an increase in insomnia. Students in countries with a high GDP per capita index are significantly less likely to develop insomnia compared to the residents of countries with a low GDP per capita index. Sleep disorders definitely reduce the quality of life of students.

Sleep state of the elderly population in Korea: Nationwide cross-sectional population-based study.

Interest in sleep disorders among the elderly, especially those in Korea, has increased. We aimed to describe the overall sleep status of the elderly population in Korea using survey data and to determine the risk factors concerning different aspects of sleep status. We conducted a cross-sectional survey on 271 respondents aged 65-86 years old. We performed multistage clustered random sampling according to the population and socioeconomic distribution of all Korean territories. The survey questionnaire was used to perform a structural assessment of sociodemographic characteristics; medical comorbidities; psychiatric comorbidities; and sleep status, including sleep duration, sleep quality, presence of insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep apnea, and restless legs syndrome. Approximately 12.5, 22.%, and 51.3% of the elderly population had poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia, respectively. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, insomnia, anxiety, and depression predicted poor sleep quality. Female sex, insomnia, and sleep apnea predicted excessive daytime sleepiness. Poor sleep quality and depression predicted insomnia. A substantial proportion of the elderly Korean population have sleep problems, including poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia. Sleep status is influenced by various factors, including age, sex, and metabolic and psychiatric comorbidities.

Da li je čin obaveznog i produženog bolničkog karantina faktor rizika za narušeno mentalno zdravlje kod osoba sa potvrđenom infekcijom COVID-19?

Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects mental health. Our study aimed to investigate whether the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. A mixed survey-based cross-sectional study included 300 COVID-19 patients who filled Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21), a 36-item health survey of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36), Insomnia Severity Scale (ISS), Impact of Event Scale (IES) with two subscales -Intrusion (IES-I) and Avoidance (IES-AS), and a questionnaire designed for research purposes. Results. Lower scores on IES-AS, higher scores on IES-I, and in-hospital quarantine are good predictors of high results on the Stress subscale. In-hospital quarantine, lower IES-AS scores, higher IES-I scores, and male gender are significant predictors of higher scores on the Depression subscale. Also, higher scores on IES-I as well as in-hospital quarantine are significant predictors of higher scores on the Anxiety subscale. The presence of insomnia was more pronounced in in-hospital quarantined individuals, while the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were nearly twice as pronounced. Conclusion. Mandatory in-hospital quarantine of individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health.

Sleep disorders and effectiveness of various methods of insomnia therapy in pregnant women (Literature review)

Sleep disorders (dyssomnia) during pregnancy are of high prevalence and may be associated with negative peri- and postnatal outcomes. However, these conditions are often not effectively diagnosed and treated. In this review a systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of different methods of therapy to improve the quality of sleep and in the presence of insomnia during pregnancy was conducted.Systematic search in PubMed, Psycinfo and Medline databases was conducted without limiting the publication date till November 3, 2022. The relevant studies included pregnant women of any age and gestation; they included the clinical intervention schemes aimed at improving sleep quality; the data before and after treatment for one or more sleep-related results were reported. 16 studies were selected with a total of 988 pregnant women. According to the results of researches the effectiveness of different types of interventions was established: cognitive-behavioral therapy for sleep disorders, pharmacotherapy, acupuncture, yoga, relaxation and phytotherapy. The recent publications have determined that sleep disorders have a connection with the adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal growth restriction, premature births, weakness of uterine labor activity and high delivery frequency of caesarean section.There is an extremely high relevance and need for high-quality randomized controlled studies about sleep disorders during pregnancy and implementation of effective standard obstetric care programs. There is a necessity to improve psychological care and sleep care during pregnancy to maintain a positive pregnancy course, childbirth and postpartum period. Future clinical studies should be randomized and include a sufficient number of women for statistical efficacy, including checking the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral insomnia therapy to prevent pregnancy/childbirth complications and somatic diseases in the long-term period.

Ускладнення перебігу вагітності та пологів, пов’язані з порушеннями сну

Purpose - to conduct a retrospective analysis of complications during pregnancy and childbirth in women with sleep disorders according to medical records. Materials and methods. On the clinical bases of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1 of the Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine during 2020-2022, a retrospective analysis of the course of pregnancy and childbirth was carried out according to the data of medical documentation (individual card of the pregnant/puerperal woman and a questionnaire, history of pregnancy and childbirth) with a total number of 10,694 women. After the selection of two groups of pregnant women according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the main group consisted of 1,675 pregnant women with signs of sleep disorders, the control group - 7,125 patients with no signs of sleep disorders. The data of the history of pregnancy and childbirth were analyzed according to the most significant risk factors, which were more often found in pregnant women with sleep disorders (maternal age &gt;35 years, body mass index &gt;40 kg/m2), which required the use of sleeping pills. The frequency of complications during pregnancy and childbirth in women with sleep disorders (pregnant anemia, premature birth, development of preeclampsia, delivery by cesarean section) was also analyzed. To evaluate the results of the study, we used the method of statistical testing of hypotheses according to the Student's t-test with determination of the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR with 95.0% CI). Results. We proved that in pregnant women with sleep disorders, the overall frequency of pregnancy complications and abdominal delivery was significantly higher than in pregnant women without sleep disorders (p&lt;0.05). The older age of women with first pregnancy over 35 years and the body mass index of pregnant women &gt;40 kg/m2 influenced sleep disturbances in pregnant women (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. Sleep disorders are common during pregnancy and pose a real threat to the development of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Obstetricians and gynecologists and general practitioners who manage pregnancy need to receive information about the quality of sleep of the expectant mother and, in the presence of insomnia, correct the detected disorders in a timely manner with the consultation of specialized specialists. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

A network examination of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and sleep disturbances

Sleep disturbances in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may worsen symptoms of the latter. The presence of insomnia or hypersomnia in patients with OCD does not clarify what features of OCD are directly linked to sleep disturbances. To investigate this issue in depth, we conducted network analyses on the relations among aspects of OCD and disturbances in sleep in 773 patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD who were receiving one of three levels of residential and outpatient treatment. Results indicate that insomnia and hypersomnia had very weak correlations with OCD symptoms and had low bridge and strength centrality. This indicates that merely targeting either sleep disturbances or OCD symptoms may not be the most effective approach to treatment of OCD patients with sleep problems. Further, our findings indicate that within OCD, degree of control over obsessions was the most central symptom, and resistance to both obsessions and compulsions possessed the highest bridge strength and expected influence.