Presence Of Demodex Folliculorum Research Articles

Association between Demodex folliculorum and Metabolic Syndrome.

Demodex folliculorum mite infestation is associated with many diseases such as rosacea, pityriasis found with acne vulgaris, and blepharitis. In this research, the aim of this study was to investigate an association between patients who have metabolic syndrome and presence of Demodex folliculorum. This research was planned prospectively as a case-control study. Fifty cases who have metabolic syndrome and 50 control subjects in good health were included. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the NCEP Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Standard superficial skin biopsy was performed for the presence of Demodex folliculorum mite infestation. It was detected that number of Demodex affected from the glucose level and each increase in glucose level cause an increase on Demodex as 0.190 (P=.00, t=4.746, B=0.190, r=0.57, Durbin-Watson=1.801, confidence interval=0.110 to 0.271 (for glucose)). In this study, the presence of Demodex folliculorum was found to be higher in the cases who have metabolic syndrome compared to the healthy group. These results show that in cases with metabolic syndrome, high blood sugar levels make them more susceptible to infestation of Demodex folliculorum.

Is the presence of Demodex folliculorum increased with impaired glucose regulation in polycystic ovary syndrome?

Demodex parasites may cause skin and eyelash lesions by settling on the pilosebaceous unit. This parasite plays a role in the pathophysiology of acne in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to examine the relationship between Demodex folliculorum and blood glucose control in patients with PCOS with skin and eyelash lesions. Forty-four patients with PCOS with skin lesions were enrolled in the study. At least two specimens were taken from the skin lesions using the standard method and at least six epilated eyelashes were taken from both eyes under a biomicroscope and evaluated using a light microscope. The demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI) and clinical parameters of the patients were recorded. Demodex folliculorum was present at a rate of 59.1% in the skin lesions of the patients with PCOS, 40.9% in eyelash samples and 43.18% in both skin and lashes. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycosylated haemoglobin (HB A1c) concentrations, and BMIs were significantly higher in the patients who had D. folliculorum in skin samples than in those without (p = .010, p = .007 and p = .02). Impaired glucose regulation may explain the pathophysiology of the increased D. folliculorum presence in the skin lesions of patients with PCOS.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Although several studies on Demodex folliculorum and PCOS have been conducted, we have not yet found a study that examines D. folliculorum parasites in the eyelashes and skin correlating with glucose regulation in PCOS. This study presents new information about the relationship between the presence of D. folliculorum and impaired glucose regulation in women with PCOS.What do the results of this study add? D. folliculorum is seen more commonly in skin lesions in patients with PCOS with impaired blood glucose regulation.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? D. folliculorum is present in both skin and eyelash lesions in patients with PCOS. These lesions may be prevented by avoiding unregulated glucose levels and obesity. In future studies, the investigation of the resorption of D. folliculorum parasites in skin lesions with the continuation of normal glucose levels in patients with PCOS will reveal a more interesting linkage.

Quality of life in acne patients with Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis mites in areas of affected skin

Objective — to compare the quality of life in acne patients with and without detected Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis in affected skin. Materials and methods. We studied 105 patients with acne for the presence of demodex mites. All of them were examined for the presence of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis . In addition, all patients completed «Dermatology Life Quality Index» and «Cardiff Acne Disability Index» questionnaires. Results and discussion. In 19 (18.10 %) of 105 patients with acne, Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis mites were found in the affected areas of the facial skin. At the time of filling out the questionnaire, they characterized their skin as itchy, sensitive, painful or stinging compared to patients in whom demodex mites were not detected. 7 (6.67 %) patients had demodex mites in the past. All of them were treated with various systemic and local acaricidal drugs. This indicates the advisability of examining acne patients with pronounced subjective complaints for the presence of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis mites at the sites of rash, as well as conducting individualized acaricidal treatment. Conclusions. The presence of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis in patients with acne in affected areas of the facial skin influences the severity of the clinical course of dermatosis, in particular, reinforces subjective complaints, which has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients.

The Presence of Demodex Folliculorum in Various Obese Groups According to BMI Levels.

This study aimed to detect the presence of the parasite Demodex folliculorum (DF) in various obese groups according to BMI Levels. A total of 182 patients (40.8 ± 14.8 years, min-max age 19 - 73 years) were enrolled in the study, of those 65 (35.7%) were female and 117 (64.3%) were male. They had previously applied to Mustafa Kemal University (Faculty of Medicine, Endocrine Outpatient Clinic) during 2012. A standardized skin surface biopsy method was used to research the existence of DF. Patients were classified into four main groups, including: obese (n = 89), overweight (n = 31), normal (n = 32), and underweight (n = 30). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of age and sex. The total DF positivity was 19 (21.3%) in obese patients. Among those with positive DF, the mean BMI was 35.7 ± 12.1 kg/m(2), while those with negative DF had a mean BMI of 29.2 ± 9.2 kg/m(2). There was a significant difference between two groups (P = 0.002). Also, the underweight group has significantly higher DF positivity in comparison to the normal weight group. The DF positivity was significantly higher in obese patients in accordance with the physiopathologic nature of the disease.

Evaluation of Demodex folliculorum as a risk factor for the diagnosis of rosacea in skin biopsies. Mexico′s general hospital (1975-2010)

Context:Rosacea significantly affects the quality of life and its pathophysiology is not well understood. It has been suggested that the presence of Demodex folliculorum in the affected skin could be related to the development of rosacea.Aims:To study the risk for association between the presence of D. folliculorum in skin biopsies and the diagnosis of rosacea.Settings and Design:Analytical, observational, retrospective, case–control study.Materials and Methods:Skin biopsies of patients diagnosed clinically as rosacea and the same number of controls were studied. The controls were selected among the facial skin biopsies that were not diagnosed as rosacea. All the slides were analyzed for the presence of D. folliculorum and the density of the infestation was assessed.Statistical Analysis Used:Absolute/relative frequencies, mean, standard deviation, odds ratio (OR), Chi square and Independent Student t-test with Epi Info v. 3.4.3®.Results:D. folliculorum was present in 80% of the skin biopsies of rosacea patients and in 30% of the controls. The risk of suffering rosacea was increased among persons infested with the mite (OR = 9.33 [95% confidence interval: 2.85-30.60]; P = 0.0001). The mean infestation density among the cases was 1.908 for every 10 high-power fields while it was 0.718 among the controls (P < 0.005). There were no statistically significant differences among the groups with regard to sex and age.Conclusions:The presence of D. folliculorum in skin biopsies is associated with the diagnosis of rosacea. The infestation density was increased among the patients with rosacea.

Demodex folliculorum on the eyelash follicule of diabetic patients

To compare the prevalence of Demodex folliculorum on the eyelashes of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and healthy voluntaries. Type 2 diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy and age- and gender-matched healthy voluntaries (group control) underwent a slit lamp examination which three eyelashes containing cylindrical dandruff were removed from each lid by fine forceps. The lashes were dyed with fluorescein and the presence of Demodex folliculorum was verified by direct visualization under a light microscope. The mites were recognized based on its morphology and peculiar movement. The results were expressed in "positive" when at least one mite on one lash was found and "negative" when no mite was identified. The Chi-square test was used for comparing mites' presence in both groups. Forty-two patients were included in each group. The age ranged from 50 to 60 years old, with a mean of 56.4 ± 5.2 years. The male:female ratio was 0.6:1. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to age and gender in both groups (p>0.05). Demodex folliculorum was significantly more prevalent in diabetic patients (54.8%) than in control patients (38.1%) (p=0.048). Demodex folliculorum was more prevalent in diabetic patients than in healthy voluntaries, independently of gender and age.

The Prevalence of Demodex folliculorum in Blepharitis Patients and the Normal Population.

Purpose: Demodex folliculorum (DF), which is frequently found in patients with chronic blepharitis, is a well-known common inhabitant of eyelash follicles. In the present study, the prevalence of DF in seborrheic blepharitis patients and controls was investigated. In addition, the associations between the presence of DF and host factors (age, sex) were analyzed. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was done involving 500 cases. In all, 6000 cilia from 170 patients with seborrheic blepharitis and 330 patients with normal eyes were examined for DF. Twelve eyelash samples were epilated from each patient and examined under the light microscope. Results: DF was found in 28.8% (49/170) of patients with blepharitis and in 26.7% (88/330) of controls. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. The overall prevalence was 27.4% (137/500) in all patients. Although the prevalence of DF increased with increasing age, no significant difference was found between the age groups. There was also no statistically significant difference for DF prevalence between males (28.9%; 71/246) and females (24.1%; 61/254). Conclusion: Our findings show a high DF prevalence in both blepharitis and control patients and no relationship was found between the presence of DF and host factors (age, sex).

The management of rosacea.

Rosacea is a multiphasic disease which is associated with flushing, erythrosis, papulopustular rosacea and phymas; each phase is likely to have its own treatment. Flushing is better prevented rather than treated, and its etiology investigated. Beta-blockers, atenolol in particular, are worthy of prophylactic trials examining their efficacy in treating the flushing associated with rosacea. Currently, clonidine is the only drug available for the treatment of flushing. Treatment for erythrosis includes topical and systemic therapies. Metronidazole 1% cream and azelaic acid 20% cream have been reported to reduce the severity score of erythema. The systemic treatment of erythrosis is based on the association of Helicobacter pylori with rosacea. However, this role is still being debated. Eradication of H. pylori can be achieved using a triple therapy regimen lasting 1 to 2 weeks [omeprazole and a combination of two antibacterials (a choice from clarithromycin, metronidazole or amoxicillin)]. Both the flashlamp-pumped long-pulse dye laser and the potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser may be used in the treatment of facial telangiectases. Both systemic and topical remedies may be used to treat the papulopustules of rosacea. Systemic treatment includes metronidazole, doxycycline, minocycline, clarithromycin and isotretinoin, while topical treatment is based on metronidazole cream and gel. The presence of Demodex folliculorum is important in the inflammatory reaction, whether it is pathogenetic or not. Crotamiton 10% cream or permethrin 5% cream may be useful medications for papulopustular rosacea, although they are rarely successful in eradicating D. folliculorum. Oral or topical ivermectin may also be useful in such cases. Ocular involvement is common in patients with cutaneous rosacea and can be treated with orally administered or topical antibacterials. Once rhinophyma starts to be evident, the only way to correct it is by aggressive dermatosurgical procedures. Decortication and various types of lasers can also be used. Associated conditions, such as seborrheic dermatitis and possible contact sensitizations, deserve attention.