Presence Of Dehiscences Research Articles

Alveolar Bone Morphotype in Orthodontic Patients

Orthodontic treatments have been described as a risk factor for the development of gingival recessions. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the alveolar bone morphotype of the upper and lower anterior of 33 orthodontic treatment of candidate patients. The images were obtained from a high-resolution cone beam computerised tomography. Then, the thickness of the alveolar bone plate of teeth was measured in six levels, recording the presence of dehiscences and fenestrations. A total of 2,334 sites were evaluated. The average thickness of the maxillary alveolar bone at the buccal surface was 0.70, 0.62 and 1.43 mm at the cervical, middle and apical levels, respectively, while in the mandibular teeth it was 0.53, 0.50 and 2.96 mm. At the palatal and lingual surfaces, the bone was thicker than the buccal except at the apical level of the mandible. Most of the examined sites were measured less than 1 mm (n = 1,235, 52.9%), associated with high prevalence of bone dehiscences (57.6%) and fenestrations (33.3%), particularly in skeletal Class III patients. The observed bone morphotype involved a high vulnerability to bone resorption, and the subsequent gingival recession occurrence, face to orthodontic movements.

Prevalencia y distribución de defectos óseos en un grupo de potenciales pacientes ortodóncicos no tratados utilizando Tomografías Computarizadas Cone Beam.

El diagnóstico ortodóncico requiere un examen minucioso de los tejidos de soporte periodontal; alteraciones como dehiscencias, fenestraciones y otros defectos óseos deberían ser incluidos tanto dentro del diagnóstico como dentro del plan de tratamiento.El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia y distribución de defectos óseos en un grupo de potenciales pacientes ortodóncicos no tratados, utilizando Tomografías Computarizadas Cone Beam (TCCB), con el objetivo de evaluar su posible incorporación a los estudios diagnósticos básicos previos al tratamiento ortodóncico.Se analizaron 33 TCCB y un total de 792 dientes en busca de dehiscencias y fenestraciones y posteriormente se midió el grosor del hueso alveolar vestibular y palatino o lingual en el tercio medio radicular de 528 dientes. Los datos obtenidos fueron utilizados para realizar un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial que arrojó los siguientes resultados: un 36% de la muestra presentó algún tipo de defectos óseos; las dehiscencias fueron más comunes que las fenestraciones y fueron más comunes en la arcada inferior, mientras que las fenestraciones lo fueron en la superior; la cortical más gruesa se encontró en la superficie lingual de molares inferiores y la más delgada en la superficie vestibular de caninos inferiores.Las TCCB poseen el potencial de reemplazar las radiografías convencionales y permitir realizar decisiones diagnósticas acertadas en base a la arquitectura ósea de cada paciente, por lo que se recomienda su uso como auxiliar diagnóstico, especialmente en pacientes de alto riesgo.

Caries prevalence and periodontal status in 18th century population of Požega-Croatia

ObjectiveThe aim was to examine dental and periodontal status of adult Croatian 18th century population and compare the results with available literature data. Materials and methods104 specimens from the crypt of Požega cathedral were grouped into three female and three male groups according to age. Caries was determined by visual inspection and dental probe. Ante and post mortem teeth losses were recorded. Periodontal status was determined according to the length of exposed tooth root from alveolar crest to cemento-enamel junction. The presence of dehiscences and fenestrations was recorded on facial and oral plate of alveolar bone. ResultsThe whole sample exhibited ante- and post mortem teeth loss of 19.57% and 24.91%, respectively. The teeth most frequently lost postmortem were incisors. The canines were best preserved. The frequency of caries in both jaws was the highest in molars (26.63% in maxilla and 28.10% in mandible), whilst central incisors exhibited the least carious lesions (11.59 and 1.92%). The most frequently affected surfaces were occlusal, then proximal and facio-oral. The percentage of teeth with either moderate or considerable bone loss was higher in females. The frequency of considerable bone loss increased significantly with age. The frequency of dehiscences was 3.11%. It was higher in maxilla than in the mandible. The frequency of fenestrations was 5.65% and it was significantly higher in maxilla. ConclusionsThe results demonstrate poor oral health amongst 18th century population of continental Croatia, exhibiting high antemortem teeth loss, high periodontal disease frequency and occlusal and proximal caries frequency.

Prevalence of dehiscences and fenestrations in modern American skulls.

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, distribution, and features of alveolar dehiscences and fenestrations in modern American skulls and correlate their presence with occlusal attrition, root prominence, and alveolar bone thickness. A representative sample of 146 dentate modern American skulls from a collection at the National Museum of Natural History were examined. The skulls were from subjects ranging in age from 17 to 87 years old (mean 49.1 years). The mean number of teeth per skull was 22.7 and the mean number of either dehiscence or fenestration defects per skull was 3.0. Of the 3,315 individual teeth examined, 4.1% (135) had dehiscences and 9.0% (298) had fenestrations. A dehiscence was present in 40.4% of the skulls, and a fenestration was present in 61.6% of skulls. Mandibular canines were most often affected by dehiscences (12.9%), while maxillary first molars were most often affected by fenestrations (37.0%). Sixty-seven percent of dehiscences were found in the mandible, and 58% of fenestrations were found in the maxilla. The presence of dehiscences and fenestrations were positively correlated with thin alveolar bone and negatively correlated with occlusal attrition. African-American males and Caucasian females were significantly more likely to have dehiscences, while African-American females were significantly more likely to have fenestrations.