Presence Of Background Charge Research Articles

ON THE GAUGED NONCOMPACT SPIN SYSTEM

We examine classical and quantum aspects of the planar noncompact spin system coupled with Chern–Simons gauge field in the presence of background charge. We first define our classical spin system as nonrelativistic nonlinear sigma model in which the order parameter spin takes value in the noncompact manifold ℳ= SU(1, 1)/U(1) . Although the naive model does not allow any finite energy self-dual solitons, it is shown that the gauged system admits static Bogomol'nyi solitons with finite energy whose rotationally symmetric soliton solutions are analyzed in detail. We also discuss the large spin limit in which the self-dual equation reduces to the well-known gauged nonlinear Schrödinger model or Abelian Higgs model, depending on the choice of the background charge term. Then, we perform quantization of the model. We find that the spin algebra satisfies anomalous commutation relations, and the system is a field theoretic realization of the anyons.

Proton-induced charge transfer degradation in CCDs for near-room temperature applications

An optical technique for measuring charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) in CCDs, operated under near-room temperature, high readout rate conditions, is described. It is possible to measure trap emission times and CTI dependence on signal size, background charge and clock waveform shape to high accuracy, both for serial and parallel transfers. It is shown that the presence of background charge (or "fat zero") can substantially improve charge transfer efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>