Presence Of A1 Adenosine Receptors Research Articles

Immunolocalization of A1 adenosine receptors in mammalian spermatozoa.

The presence of A1 adenosine receptors (A1AR) in mammalian spermatozoa was previously demonstrated by radiochemical and immunochemical detection. This study was performed to investigate the cellular location of the A1AR to determine whether these receptors were somehow connected with ecto-adenosine deaminase and to evaluate their function in calcium uptake. By immunofluorescence staining we showed that in mammalian spermatozoa A1AR were constantly localized in the acrosomal region. This finding was confirmed by immunogold detection. Confocal analyses with anti-A1 and anti-ADA antibodies showed a high degree of co-localization. Calcium loading assay showed that this association was functional and affected calcium accumulation in mammalian spermatozoa. Therefore, we concluded that the acrosomal localization of A1AR was a constant feature in mammalian sperm. Moreover, these A1 receptors were functionally coupled to ecto-ADA and were able to modulate calcium uptake into an IP3-gated store.(J Histochem Cytochem 48:1163-1171, 2000)

Coupling of a transfected human brain A1 adenosine receptor in CHO‐K1 cells to calcium mobilisation via a pertussis toxin‐sensitive mechanism

1. The presence of A1 adenosine receptors in CHO-K1 cells transfected with the human brain A1 sequence was confirmed by ligand binding studies using 8-cyclopentyl-[3H] 1,3-dipropylxanthine ([3H]-DPCPX). 2. Alterations in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) were measured with the calcium-sensitive dye, fura-2. 3. N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), the selective A1 agonist, and 5'-N-ethylcarboxaminoadenosine (NECA), a relatively non-selective adenosine receptor agonist, elicited rapid, biphasic increases in [Ca2+]i which involved both mobilisation from intracellular stores and calcium entry. 4. The calcium response to CPA was significantly inhibited by the selective A1 antagonist DPCPX. The non-selective adenosine receptor, xanthine amino congener (XAC), was less potent. 5. The calcium response to CPA was completely prevented by pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin implicating the involvement of Gi in the receptor-mediated response. 6. In summary, we present evidence for the coupling of transfected human brain A1 adenosine receptors in CHO-K1 cells to mobilisation of [Ca2+]i via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein.

Effects of adenosine receptor agonists on volume‐activated ion transport in pig red cells

Swelling of pig red cells leads to an increase in a chloride-dependent K flux which can be potentiated by cAMP, whereas cell shrinking causes a selective increase in Na movement which is mediated by a Na/H exchanger. We examined the influence of adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists on the volume-sensitive, ouabain-resistant, chloride-dependent K flux, referred to as Rb flux and volume-activated Na/H exchange pathway. It was found that adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists inhibited the Rb flux. N6-cyclohexyl adenosine (CHA) has been found to be the most potent inhibitor with EC50 of approximately 4.5 microM followed by 2-chloroadenosine (Cl-ado) with EC50 of approximately 27 microM and 5'-(N-ethyl)-carboxamido-adenosine (NECA) with EC50 of approximately 185 microM. CHA also inhibits the cAMP-stimulated Rb flux. However, CHA does not alter the basal intracellular cAMP level nor the intracellular cAMP content raised by exogenously added cAMP. In contrast to the adenosine agonist action on the Rb flux, Na/H exchange, which is activated upon cell shrinkage, exhibits a slight stimulation in response to CHA. These findings suggest that the presence of A1 adenosine receptors on the surface of red cells influences the regulation of volume-activated ion transport.

Pharmacological characterization of A1 adenosine receptors in isolated rat ventricular myocytes.

The aim of the present study was the characterization of adenosine receptors in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. The cAMP-levels of rat ventricular myocytes in the presence of 1 mumol/l isoprenaline were reduced by up to 48% by adenosine analogues; the rank order of potency was: R-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (IC50 60 nmol/l), 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (IC50 360 nmol/l) and S-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (IC50 16 mumol/l). The adenosine receptor antagonist XAC ("xanthine amine congener") antagonized the effect of R-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine in a concentration-dependent manner with a Ki-value of 20 nmol/l. The A1 receptor-selective radioligand R-N6-125I-p-hydroxyphenylisopropyladenosine bound to membranes prepared from rat ventricular myocytes in a saturable manner with a Bmax of 17.7 fmol/mg protein and a KD-value of 1.1 nmol/l. Adenosine analogues competed for the binding with the same rank order of potency as for the inhibition of the isoprenaline-induced cAMP-increase. GTP inhibited radioligand binding with an IC50-value of 73 mumol/l. These results suggest the presence of A1 adenosine receptors on rat ventricular myocytes, which mediate an inhibition of adenylate cyclase. The receptors may be responsible for the effects of adenosine and its analogues on the heart.