Use Of Preparations Research Articles

Commercial Versus Compounded Preparations in Pediatric Ophthalmology.

Many conditions managed by pediatric ophthalmologists are rare diseases, and even if pharmacological treatments are available, these have often not been evaluated in children. Off-label prescribing is a common practice in pediatric ophthalmology. In addition, there is often no commercial case for the production of a medicine that may only be used for a small number of patients worldwide. Compounded preparations prepared locally are therefore still in frequent use, although it is known that production may not meet stringent quality assurance standards. For several indications, commercial preparations, evaluated in rigorous clinical trials with children, are now available. Myopia management is joining the list of these indications, with low-concentration atropine formulations derived from recent clinical trials in Australia, USA, and Europe now entering the market. This short article gives an overview of the background and recent developments of compounded and commercial preparations for use in pediatric ophthalmology.

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL BASICS AND PRACTICAL METHODS OF PROCESSING COLLAGEN-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS FROM POULTRY

Subject. The resources of collagen-containing raw materials are significant. These also include processed poultry products, which are used only for feed purposes or are generally disposed of. Therefore, it is necessary to use special methods for processing these collagen-containing raw materials, in particular chicken legs, to obtain a protein product with appropriate functional and technological parameters. Today there are many ways to influence collagen-containing raw materials and obtain collagen preparations for use in the food industry, cosmetology, medicine, etc. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to scientifically substantiate and experimentally confirm the possibility of obtaining high-quality protein products from collagen-containing raw materials (including chicken legs) by using various processing methods. Methods. Comprehensive standard and recognized methods for determining the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of meat products. Results. A study was carried out of the chemical composition of chicken legs in comparison with mechanically deboned poultry meat and grade II beef. The results of the study indicate the possibility of using this raw material as an integral part of the formulations of meat products. Studies were carried out on two groups of samples – collagen-containing ground meat and collagen-containing gel; the results of the collagen content in the samples for different periods of cooking time practically do not change, which confirms the possibility of using collagen-containing products as stabilizers of meat systems in the production of meat products. Collagen-containing ground meat and collagen-containing gel in an amount of 20% in minced chicken meat influences the quality parameters of the finished products. This is confirmed by the results of measuring shear force, critical shear stress, elasticity and consistency of the products. It can be concluded that the use of chicken legs for the production of meat products is possible only with their preliminary processing, namely the separation of flesh tissues from the bones. The method of obtaining these products determines the directions for further their use. Scope of results. Enterprises for processing poultry and producing meat products.

Development and characterisation of a novel complex triple cell culture model of the human alveolar epithelial barrier

Owing to increased pressure from ethical groups and the public to avoid unnecessary animal testing, the need for new, responsive and biologically relevant in vitro models has surged. Models of the human alveolar epithelium are of particular interest since thorough investigations into air pollution and the effects of inhaled nanoparticles and e-cigarettes are needed. The lung is a crucial organ of interest due to potential exposures to endogenous material during occupational and ambient settings. Here, an in vitro model of the alveolar barrier has been created in preparation for use in the quasi-air liquid interface (qALI) and (aerosol) air–liquid interface (ALI) exposures. The model consists of an alveolar type 1-like cell line (TT1), an alveolar type 2-like cell line (NCI-H441) and a model of (alveolar) macrophages (dTHP-1). The model formulates a complex, multi-cellular system, cultured at the air–liquid interface, that mimics the apical layer of the alveolar epithelial region in the human lung. Characterisation data has shown that both TT1 and NCI-H441 epithelial cells are able to be cultured together in addition to dTHP-1 cells through imaging (morphology), pro-inflammatory response and viability measurements. This dataset also demonstrates evidence of a reasonable barrier created by the cell culture in comparison to negative controls. Furthermore, it shows that while maintaining a low baseline of (pro)-inflammatory mediator expression during normal conditions, the model is highly responsive to inflammatory stimuli. This model is proposed to be suitable for use in toxicology testing of inhaled exogenous agents.

Progress in the Optimization of Compositional Design and Thermomechanical Processing of Metastable β Ti Alloys for Biomedical Applications.

Over the past few years, significant research and development in the manufacturing industry related to the medical field has been done. The aim has been to improve existing biomaterials and bioimplants by exploring new methods and strategies. Beta titanium alloys, known for their exceptional strength-to-modulus ratio, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and ease of shaping, are expected to play a crucial role in manufacturing the next generation of biomedical equipment. To meet the specific requirements of human bone, researchers have employed key techniques like compositional design and thermomechanical processing routes to advance biomaterial development. These materials find extensive applications in orthopedic, orthodontic, and cardiovascular biomedical implants. Several studies have shown that precise material composition, with appropriate heat treatment and suitable mechanical approaches, can yield the desired mechanical properties for bone implants. In this review article, we explore the evolution of alloys at different stages, with a particular focus on their preparation for use in biomedical implants. The primary focus is on designing low-modulus β Ti alloy compositions and employing processing techniques to achieve high strength while maintaining a low young modulus suitable for biomedical applications.

Development of optimized adult epidural infusion preparations to reduce waste and improve operational efficiency.

Despite national recommendations to standardize infusion concentrations, there is minimal guidance on institution-specific strategies and outcomes related to epidural infusion concentration standardization and optimization. The purpose of this project is to identify the optimal compounded preparation for use in select adult epidural infusions and assess the impact on drug and fluid utilization and cost savings if the designated preparation is adopted. A previously validated tool, the VERB (vial, exchange, rate, and bag) analysis, was applied to epidural infusion pump administration data to identify preparations optimized for efficient supply and resource utilization at a large academic medical center. Weighing all components of the VERB analysis, the preferred preparation of hydromorphone and bupivacaine for the hospital site was hydromorphone (10 µg/mL) and bupivacaine (0.125%) in 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection (2,500 µg of hydromorphone per epidural). The preferred preparation of fentanyl and bupivacaine was fentanyl (2 µg/mL) and bupivacaine (0.0625%) in 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection (100 µg of fentanyl per epidural). Both recommendations are different from the currently utilized preparations at the study site. Analyzing historic drug administration data using the novel 4-step VERB analysis identified optimized drug preparations and fluid bag sizes for the most-prescribed epidural drug combinations at the hospital study site.

Nickel Hydroxides: Requirements, Targeted Construction and Choice of Characteristics and Industrially Applicable Synthesis for Targeted Use in Electrochemical Devices

AbstractNickel hydroxides (monohydroxides of several modifications and layered double hydroxides, based on nickel hydroxide) have high electrochemical, electrochromic, and electrocatalytic properties that allow them to be effectively used as an active substance in alkaline batteries, hybrid supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors, for electrocatalytic oxidation of organic substances and as an electrochromic device. Each application has its specific requirements for nickel hydroxides which must be defined. For an effective application, it is necessary to carry out a targeted construction of structure and composition, and selection of characteristics of nickel hydroxides and to develop targeted methods and conditions for nickel hydroxide synthesis. The structure, properties, and methods of preparation for use in various fields of nickel hydroxide application have been considered from the targeted ternary points of view: requirements definition, types and characteristics selection, and applying the synthesis method in industry. The 3‐level hierarchical complex of mechanisms for the formation of nickel hydroxides has been described. Also, the contribution of Ukrainian scientists to research in the field of nickel hydroxides is considered.

Features of the physiological state and color of the rainbow trout <I>Oncorhynchus mykiss</I> (salmonidae) using the feed additive «AstaPet 10%» in specialized trout feed

The article presents generalized results of the experimental rearing of two-year-old rainbow trout using specialized trout feed by LLC «PROMETRIKA» in the conditions of the pool workshop of the scientific and production base Dukhovnitskoye Fish Farm (R. Dukhovnitskoye, Saratov Region) in 2022. An assessment of changes is given morphophysiological characteristics of fish and commercial qualities, mainly the degree of coloration of muscle fibers, with the help of which the efficiency of using the experimental feed with the content of the feed additive «AstaPet 10%» was determined. On the basis of the data obtained, it can be concluded that the use of this preparation, which enhances the color intensity of fish tissues in the feed of LLC «PROMETRIKA», has a positive effect, which allows us to recommend this preparation for use in factories for the production of feed for trout and, later on, in fish breeding enterprises engaged in their production grow.

From silicon to silica: a green chemistry approach for hollow sphere nanoparticle formation.

Herein we report on an environmentally friendly and scalable production route for hollow silica spheres (HSSs). The process is based on close to 100% conversion of non-crystalline solid Si nanoparticles (D̄ = 40 ± 9 nm) in mild alkaline solutions (pH ≤ 9.0) at ambient temperature. The Si nanoparticles are prepared using the centrifugal chemical vapor deposition (cCVD) method. Combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging and nanoparticle size analysis with hydrogen evolution data, elemental mapping, and nitrogen adsorption for surface area measurement, we show for the first time experimental data that document a Kirkendall type Si-to-HSS formation process. Our understanding is that the Si nanoparticles exposed to air form a SiO2 film, which is stable in the mild alkaline environment. Silicon from the Si nanoparticles is transported through the thin SiO2 film and is reacting with H2O/OH- species on the particle surface or in the already thickened SiO2 shell to form silicic acid that in turn rapidly gets converted to a sol-gel to continue the growing of the silica shell. We foresee that this green chemistry approach can be utilized for HSS preparation for use in batteries, insulation materials and drug delivery.

Lignohumate AM – prospects for use in floriculture and reproduction

Improving agricultural technology and supporting plant reproduction in the collections of botanical gardens remain relevant. Using the example of species and varieties of the genus Iris L., the effectiveness of using the preparation Lignohumate AM was studied. Root watering and foliar treatment of varieties with the preparation stimulated leaf growth. However, the preparation was ineffective for improving the decorativeness of plants. Treatment of plants with Lignohumate had a positive effect on the water regime of irises. Water deficit decreased by 2,8%−5,3% as a result of root treatment, water-holding capacity increased by 5,7% during irrigation and mixed treatment. The preparation had no effect on the germination of seeds of I. sibirica and I. pseudacorus, but was highly effective in long-term experience. Lignohumate contributed to a reduction in the loss of one-year-old I. sibirica plants by 20,8%, as well as the growth of surviving I. pseudacorus plants by 39,7%. The stimulator also showed a significant prolonged growth-stimulating effect, which contributed to improving the quality of seedlings. The length of leaves under the influence of the preparation increased by 64% for I. sibirica and 17% for I. pseudacorus, the width of leaves of I. sibirica increased by 14%. Based on the results of the study, the growth stimulator Lignohumate AM can be considered an effective promising preparation for use in floriculture and the reproduction of decorative, rare species of iris.

New dispersions for pigment printing binders in the manufacture of light industry goods

Pigment printing using screen technology has certain problems associated with the limited use of domestic raw materials. The expansion of the range of printing inks fills the need for small-circulation production of textile products with original artistic and color design and the use of modern printing equipment. In this work, the possibility of using new aqueous polyurethane dispersions as binders in pigment printing was explored for the first time. This will expand the range of thickeners through the use of polyurethane dispersions, ensuring the production of strong and elastic polymer films during low-temperature processing. Such dispersions are environmentally friendly products, since toxic solvents are not used. We propose the application of new polyurethane thickeners in compositions with polyurethane dispersions as a rheological modifier. The rheological parameters of printed compositions and the physical and mechanical properties of films of polyurethane dispersions were determined and it was found that the dispersions used are capable of forming a soft and plastic film. This confirms the suitability of these film-forming preparations for use in pigment printing. The new binders based on polyurethane dispersions make possible to create effective printing compositions, to improve the quality of prints and to impart improved performance properties.

APPLICATION OF VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIONS FOR FORECASTING MONETARY POLICY

The purpose of the study is to consider the theoretical and empirical application of methods and models of vector autoregressions to analyze the infl uence of various macroeconomic variables in the construction of a monetary policy model.Methodology. The research methods used are generalization of experience regarding the use of vector autoregressions, factor analysis, methodology for evaluating VAR models containing fi fteen real, price, monetary and external variables. A number of tests were conducted to assess the quality of the analyzed model: impulse response analysis, forecasting and simulations.This article analyzes the infl uence of factors on each other, as well as the interpretation of the results, which can be further used to obtain practical recommendations for improving the methods of research and forecasting monetary policy.Originality / value of the research. The paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of diff erent approaches in the construction of vector autoregressive models, both in the selection of factors and their preparation for use in the model. This article examines the observation period from 2010 to 2021, that is, before and after the introduction of the infl ation targeting regime, and the assessment of the pandemic shock in Kazakhstan, without aff ecting the shocks of 2022.Findings. The work carried out made it possible to verify the applicability of vector autoregression methods, this statement is confi rmed by the inverse predictive power of the models. In this paper, the eff ectiveness of the proposed models was evaluated on macro factors in Kazakhstan.

Environmental performance assessments of different methods of coal preparation for use in small-capacity boilers: experiment and theory

The purpose of this article is to receive environmental assessments of combustion of different types of coal fuel depending on the preparation (unscreened, size-graded, briquetted and heat-treated) in automated boilers and boilers with manual loading. The assessments were made on the basis of data obtained from experimental methods of coal preparation and calculated methods of determining the amount of pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the mass of ash and slag waste. The main pollutants from coal combustion are calculated: particulate matter, benz(a)pyrene, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide. Of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide is calculated. As a result of conducted research it is shown that the simplest preliminary preparation (size-graded) of coal significantly improves combustion efficiency and environmental performance: emissions are reduced by 13% for hard coal and up to 20% for brown coal. The introduction of automated boilers with heat-treated coal in small boiler facilities allows to reduce emissions and ash and slag waste by 2–3 times. The best environmental indicators correspond to heat-treated lignite, which is characterized by the absence of sulfur dioxide emissions.

Development and validation of the Substance Use Protective Strategies Scale (SUPSS) among Polish young adults using various psychoactive substances.

Research supports protective behavioral strategies (PBS) as effective in reducing substance use, intoxication, and/or related risks/harms. However, despite the predominance of polysubstance use and common co-occurrence of different substance use disorders (SUDs), previous PBS research has been limited in terms of substance-specific measurement. This study sought to develop and validate a measure of PBS that is not substance-specific. Building from initial pilot work, we tested the psychometric properties of the Substance Use Protective Strategies Scale (SUPSS) in a large sample of young adults (N=7325, aged 18-30), who reported using multiple psychoactive substances (other than alcohol and nicotine), recruited via social media in Poland. By splitting the sample, we conducted exploratory (n=3709) and confirmatory factor analysis (n=3614), which supported a 4-factor structure with 19 items (7 items dropped): Preparation for use (α=0.66), Manner of use (α=0.85), Additional concerns (α=0.74), and Setting (α=0.62). Configural, metric and scalar invariance were supported across sex, age, and user status for most substance types (cannabis, dissociatives, etc.). Further, the SUPSS factors were strongly associated with substance-related harms (R-squared=0.495) and SUD symptoms (DUDIT, R-squared=0.570). Our model fit was adequate (but not excellent), and two subscales had low internal consistency, highlighting the need for further improvement of the SUPSS. Despite its limitations, we found the SUPSS to have strong psychometric properties and it holds promise to enhance PBS research and harm reduction-oriented interventions.

Developing system thinking skills in education students by means of cognitive mapping strategy

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of developing Education undergraduates’ system thinking skills through cognitive mapping. The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of the development of system thinking skills in Education undergraduates by means of cognitive mapping strategy. Materials and Methods. The study follows competence-based, systemic and activity-based approaches to teaching Education students. The authors used a set of theoretical (analysis, synthesis, reviewing scholarly publications) and empirical methods. The empirical research was conducted as a formative teaching experiment (action research). The empirical data were analyzed and summarized. The sample consisted of 186 Education students (State University of Education, Tambov State University named after G. R. Derzhavin). In order to verify the research findings, the authors developed and used a system thinking skills scale and A. V. Panova and M. A. Fedorova’s system thinking assessment inventory. In order to assess system thinking skills, the authors selected a set of criteria based on the analysis of R. A. Excelsa, G. K. Semiz and G. Teksoz’s studies. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to determine the reliability of the reported statistics and the accuracy of the results. Results. Based on the analysis of theoretical studies and successful educational practices, the authors clarified the concept of developing the skills of systemic thinking in Education students, identified the specifics of this process on the basis of a formative experiment on the implementation of cognitive mapping strategy (setting the goal; choosing a topic for mapping; collecting information; preparing materials; definition of key terms; creation of the first level of the cognitive map; adding additional levels; analysis and evaluation; preparation for use; editing and updating). Summarizing theoretical and empirical data, the authors developed and justified diagnostic tools for measuring students’ system thinking skills (role levels include pre-aware; developing; developer and master), and identified the level of system thinking skills in future teachers. The study has proved the effectiveness of the purposeful development of system thinking skills in Education students by means of cognitive mapping strategy. Conclusions. The article concludes about the effectiveness of developing systemic thinking skills in Education students through cognitive mapping strategy. Research findings on the level students’ system thinking skills are summarized.

MODERN METHODS OF THE PRODUCING OF CORROSIVE ANATOMICAL PREPARATIONS

One of the pressing modern problems of teaching morphology is to make the development and teaching of human anatomy as visual as possible. The organs demonstrated during the study of this discipline must retain their natural shape and size. The quality of the resulting preparations depends on the development of technologies for influencing biomaterial, its preservation and embalming. An accurate and visual preparation is the most important tool for demonstrating normal and pathologically altered organs and tissues. The purpose of this review is to analyze the literature data on modern methods for manufacturing corrosive anatomical preparations. The materials for the review were sources of anatomical literature devoted to the issues of anatomical technology, conservation and production of anatomical preparations for teaching students and museum affairs. The work highlights the history of the development of methods for manufacturing anatomical preparations for use in educational demonstration purposes. A detailed analysis of data on currently used methods for producing corrosive preparations was carried out. The advantages of corrosive preparations and polymerizing compositions in comparison with preparations made using wet fixation and plastination methods are shown. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of known polymerizing compositions is presented. The prospects for the development of the corrosion method and its use for the clarity of teaching in educational institutions of medical and biological profiles, as well as the study of three-dimensional configurations of organs and vessels when planning surgical interventions, are determined. The main promising directions for improving the corrosion method are the selection of polymerizing compositions that are rational in their properties, the development of technical devices to facilitate the filling of vascular beds with solutions, as well as other tubular and hollow organs and structures with a polymer solution. Taking into account the development of clinical anatomy and the growing interest in the individual characteristics of organs and their typical anatomy, this method can be used to visually study the variant anatomy and blood supply of complex parenchymal organs.

Safety pharmacology 2023 and implementation of the ICH E14/S7B Q&A guidance document

This editorial prefaces the annual themed issue on safety pharmacology (SP) methods published since 2004 in the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods (JPTM). We highlight here the content derived from the recent 2022 Safety Pharmacology Society (SPS) and Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (CSPT) joint meeting held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The meeting also generated 179 abstracts (reproduced in the current volume of JPTM). As in previous years the manuscripts reflect various areas of innovation in SP including a comparison of the sensitivity of cross-over and parallel study designs for QTc assessment, use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hi-PSC) neuronal cell preparations for use in neuropharmacological safety screening, and hiPSC derived cardiac myocytes in assessing inotropic adversity. With respect to the latter, we anticipate the emergence of a large data set of positive and negative controls that will test whether the imperative to miniaturize, humanize and create a high throughput process is offset by any loss of precision and accuracy.

Optimization of Platelet-Rich Plasma Preparation for Use in Clinical Practice

INTRODUCTION Development of effective biological products, based on human platelets, is very actual in regenerative medicine. The initial material for biological products’ obtaining is platelet-rich plasma (PRP), but the method of PRP isolation has not yet been standardized.AIM To assess the quality of platelets in PRP, harvested by different centrifugation modes.MATERIAL AND METHODS For platelet study, venous blood was harvested from volunteer donors. We used 3 methods for PRP-preparation, each methods included 2-stage centrifugation: 5 min 300g and 17 min 700g (Group 1); 10 min 300g and 10 min 700g (Group 2); 15 min 300g and 5 min 700g (Group 3). Platelets were examined using morphofunctional method based on vital cell staining.RESULTS In Group 1 and Group 2, the overall safety of biologically high-grade platelets in PRP was similar and estimated 55-60% of their total content in the blood. In Group 3 the safety of biologically high-grade platelets was only 30% (p<0,05).CONCLUSION The centrifugation modes «5 min 300 g / 700 g 17 min» and «10 min 300 g / 10 min 700 g» allowed researchers to obtain equal quality PRP, while «10 min 300 g / 10 min 700 g» mode has a number of instrumental benefits.

Critical review on potentials of ethnopharmacological, ethnomedicinal and traditional practices of Madhuca longifolia (J. Koenig Ex L.) J. F. Macbr. (Family: Sapotaceae)

The importance of medicinal plants in traditional medicinal practices and their contribution to biodiversity preservation is now widely acknowledged. It is well recognized that the traditional application of medicinal plants in medicinal operations offers guidance for brand-new study areas. Ethnopharmacological studies are very helpful in the creation of herbal medications. One of the primary goals of these studies, which provide scientific documentation for medicinal plants used for specific therapeutic purposes, is the development of superior preparations for use by peoples. It is now commonly recognized how crucial the traditional medicinal uses of plants are for opening up new research areas. It is essential to preserve the traditional knowledge of ethnomedicine. Economic factors are significant, but traditional techniques also have appeal for social, cultural, and medicinal reasons. Madhuca longifolia has pharmaceutical, ethnomedicinal and ethnopharmacological values. The parts used include flowers, fruits, seeds, leaves, barks etc. This medicinal plant is effective against various diseases, e.g. cancer, ulcers, as well as snakebite. So, the aim and rationale of the study were to explore the ethnopharmacological, ethnomedicinal and traditional practices of Madhuca longifolia (J. Koenig Ex L.) J. F. Macbr. (Family: Sapotaceae).

A Method for Risk Assessment Evaluating the Safety, Stability and Efficacy in Clinical Practice of Anticancer Drug Preparations in the Centralized Compounding Unit of the Veneto Institute of Oncology-IRCCS.

Preparation of injectable anticancer drugs in hospital pharmacies is a high-risk activity that requires a proper risk assessment (RA) and quality assurance system (QAS) to ensure both a decrease in risk associated with chemotherapy compounding and high quality of the final product, especially in terms of its microbiological stability. At the centralized compounding unit (UFA) of the Italian Hospital IOV-IRCCS, a quick and deductive method was applied to evaluate the "added value" provided by each prescribed preparation, and its RA was calculated applying a formula that integrates different pharmacological, technological and organizational aspects. According to specific RA range values, the preparations were divided into different risk levels, in order to determine the QAS to be adopted, according to the Italian Ministry of Health guidelines, whose adherence was meticulously evaluated through a specific self-assessment procedure. A review of the scientific literature was carried out to integrate the risk-based predictive extended stability (RBPES) of drugs with data concerning their physiochemical and biological stability. Based on the self-assessment comprising all microbiological validations of the working area, personnel and products, the microbiological risk level within the IOV-IRCCS' UFA was defined through the creation of a transcoding matrix, conferring a microbiological stability to preparations and vial leftovers of a maximum of 7 days. The calculated RBPES were successfully integrated with stability data from the literature, leading to the drafting of a stability table of drugs and preparations in use in our UFA. Our methods allowed us to perform an in-depth analysis of the highly specific and technical process of anticancer drug compounding in our UFA, ensuring a certain grade of quality and safety to preparations, especially in terms of microbiological stability. The resulting RBPES table represents an invaluable tool with positive repercussions at organizational and economic levels.

An Emerging Approach for Optimization of Cow Ghee as an Ointment Base in Combination With Selected Conventional Bases.

Background Cow gheeis a pure and clean animal fat derived from milk and is often recognized as clarified butter. It is used in Ayurvedic medicine as an excellent base for preparing various formulations due to its ability to penetrate deep tissue and be easily absorbed. Cow ghee possesses antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic properties, making it beneficial for treating skin-associated problems. When applied externally, ointment bases are semisolid preparations for use on the skin or mucous membranes. They are classified into four categories: Hydrocarbon, Absorption, Water-removable, and Water-soluble. In this study, ointment bases were formulated and evaluated using cow ghee and selected conventional ones. Materials and Methods Ointment bases like Cetostearyl alcohol, stearic acid, glyceryl monostearate, soft white paraffin, soft yellow paraffin, paraffin wax, white beeswax, and wool fat were obtained from SD fine chem manufacturer Ltd., Mumbai. Cow ghee was obtained from the Go Vigyan, Anusandhan Kendra, Nagpur. The ointment bases were prepared using pharmacopeia procedures. Cow ghee was used as a base in the preparation of ointment bases with different concentrations than conventional bases. Stability testing was performed per International Conference on Harmonization(ICH) guidelines and various physicochemical parameters like color, appearance, odor, consistency, pH, Spreadability Extrudability, loss on drying, solubility, and washability. Results The ointment bases formulated using cow ghee in combination with selected conventional ointment bases were found to be stable. They exhibited desirable characteristics like non-greasy, attractive appearance, and suitability for various medications and supporting substances. The cow ghee-based ointment bases also showed good spreadability, extrudability, and solubility, indicating their effectiveness as carriers for active components. Conclusion The study demonstrates the potential of cow ghee as a natural ointment base for the preparation of various Ayurvedic formulations. The ointment bases formulated using cow ghee in combination with conventional ointment bases were stable and exhibited desirable physicochemical properties. Thus, using cow ghee as an ointment base can provide a cost-effective and easily accessible alternative for therapeutic use or as a carrier of active components.