Premenopausal Body Mass Index Research Articles

Substantial Lipid Increases During Menopausal Transition in Korean Middle-Aged Women.

Adverse lipid profiles are observed in postmenopausal women. However, there is insufficient evidence of the association between lipids and reproductive aging in Korean women. We aimed to characterize lipid changes with respect to timing relative to menopause in Korean middle-aged women. This study included 1,436 premenopausal women who had a natural menopause during the follow-up period (median = 15.76 years) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Ansan and Anseong cohort. Lipid levels were measured every 2 years, and the magnitudes of annual lipid changes and differences in the changes by premenopausal body mass index were estimated using piecewise linear mixed-effects models. All lipid levels increased greatly from 3 or 5 years before menopause to 1 year after menopause in all women, regardless of their premenopausal body mass index. During the period, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels increased at 0.42 mg/dL per year (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29 to 0.55 mg/dL). Nevertheless, non-HDL-C levels simultaneously increased at 3.42 mg/dL per year (95% CI, 3.11 to 3.72 mg/dL), and an annual change in the non-HDL-C to HDL-C ratio was 0.05 (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.06). One year after menopause, changes in all lipid parameters significantly slowed down, except for the non-HDL-C to HDL-C ratio (P < 0.001 for all). The ratio continued to increase until 3 years after menopause, but thereafter, the change leveled off. Women experienced remarkable increases in lipid levels during menopausal transition, highlighting the need for early intervention strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention in women.

Association between body mass index, waist circumference, and age at natural menopause: a population-based cohort study in Chinese women

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to investigate whether premenopausal body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) influence age at menopause. A total of 2116 women aged 35–64 years from two communities of the CMCS Beijing cohort were recruited in 1992 and followed up to 2018. Of 1439 premenopausal women at baseline, 6 women data were missing. Finally, 1433 women were included for analysis. Overweight was defined as BMI 24–27.99 kg/m2. Central obesity was defined as WC ≥80 cm. Age at menopause was categorized as <45 years, 45–49 years, 50–51 years (reference), and >51 years. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate relative odds ratios (RORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared to women with normal weight and normal WC, overweight women with normal WC had higher risk of menopause at >51 years (ROR 1.64, 95% CI 1.10–2.45; P = .01); and overweight women with central obesity had higher risk of menopause at not only >51 years (ROR 1.82, 95% CI 1.13–2.93; P = .01) but also <45 years (ROR 3.13, 95% CI 1.20–8.43; P = .02) and 45–49 years (ROR 2.76, 95% CI 1.71–4.46; P < .001). When overweight women combine with central obesity, the risk of early menopause will increase in some of them.

Identifying women who share patterns of reproductive hormones, vasomotor symptoms, and sleep maintenance problems across the menopause transition: group-based multi-trajectory modeling in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

To identify groups of women who share levels and patterns of change in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), self-reported sleep maintenance problems, and frequent vasomotor symptoms (VMS) up to 10 years before and after their final menstrual period and to evaluate their premenopausal characteristics. Group-based multi-trajectory modeling grouped 1,407 women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation who had an observed natural menopause and did not use hormone therapy, based on repeated measures of FSH, sleep maintenance problems, and frequent VMS relative to final menstrual period. Multivariable analyses assessed race/ethnicity, body mass index, smoking, and depressive symptoms as predictors of group membership. Women formed five distinct groups: (1) low symptoms (low VMS/sleep problems)/high FSH rise (N = 552; 39.2%); (2) moderate VMS and sleep problems/low FSH rise (N = 169; 12.0%); (3) dominant sleep problems (lower VMS/high sleep problems)/high FSH rise (N = 203; 14.4%); (4) dominant VMS (high VMS/lower sleep problems)/high FSH rise (N = 297; 21.1%)); and (5) high symptoms (high VMS/high sleep problems)/intermediate FSH rise (N = 186; 13.2%)). Multivariate analyses showed that race/ethnicity, premenopausal body mass index and depressive symptoms, and increasing depressive symptoms during the early phase of the transition predicted group membership. Women can be classified based on shared levels and patterns of FSH, sleep maintenance problems, and frequent VMS across the menopause transition. Either VMS or sleep maintenance problems can be dominant in the face of high FSH. Experiencing one menopause-related symptom or hormone profile does not automatically imply that another is also being experienced.

Abstract 5609: Characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer in patients with a BRCA1 mutation, results from a population-based study of young women

Abstract BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are tumors with low or no expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. These tumors have a poor prognosis, remain a clinical challenge, and are more common among women with BRCA1 mutations. We tested whether there are distinguishing features of TNBC after BRCA1 mutation status has been taken into account. METHODS: We sequenced BRCA1/2 genes in a population-based sample of 1,469 incident breast cancer patients aged 20-49 years from Los Angeles County. Information on tumor receptor status was available for 1,167 women. Clinical, pathologic and hormone-related lifestyle characteristics were compared across patient subgroups defined by BRCA1-mutation status and triple-negative receptor status. RESULTS: Forty-eight percent of BRCA1 mutation carriers had TNBC in contrast with only 12% of non-carriers. Within BRCA1 mutation carriers, as well as within non-carriers, triple-negative receptor status was associated with younger age at diagnosis and higher tumor grade. Among women without a BRCA1 mutation we observed that women with TNBC had higher premenopausal body mass index and earlier age at first full-term pregnancy than those with non-TNBC. Age at menarche and other reproductive factors were not associated with triple-negative status regardless of BRCA1 mutation status. Within BRCA1 mutation carriers, Ashkenazi Jewish women were about 5 times more likely to have TNBC than non-Ashkenazi Jewish women. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that among BRCA1 mutation carriers, as among non-carriers, there are unique characteristics associated with the triple-negative subtype. The finding in Ashkenazi Jewish BRCA1 mutation carriers should be confirmed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5609. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5609

Gain in Adiposity Across 15 Years is Associated With Reduced Gray Matter Volume in Healthy Women

To test whether current gray matter volume (GMV) covaried with previously obtained longitudinal measures of weight gain-as assessed by increases in body mass index (BMI)-among otherwise healthy postmenopausal women. Cross-sectional results indicate that reduced GMV may be associated with excess body weight. Demographic, biometric, and behavioral measures were obtained from 48 women as part of the Pittsburgh Healthy Women Study, a longitudinal epidemiological investigation initiated between 1983 and 1984. In 2005 and 2006, these women took part in a brain imaging protocol. Premenopausal BMI and a priori chosen confounding variables, including the number of years post menopause, an aggregate measure of perceived life stress spanning a 20-year period, resting blood pressure, total cerebral volume, and severity of white matter hyperintensities (a suspected indicator of aging-related silent cerebrovascular disease), explained approximately 22% of variance in total GMV. An additional 15% of the variance was uniquely explained by the change in BMI between pre- and postmenopausal longitudinal assessments, such that an increase in BMI predicted a greater reduction in GMV. An increase in BMI during the menopausal transition and beyond is associated with reduced GMV among otherwise healthy women.