Preliminary Content Analysis Research Articles

The mediated construction of “woke”: Emerging discourses and primary definers in the Flemish press

From 2021, “woke” became an omnipresent term in Flemish public debate. In this paper, we explore how the mainstream press contributed to the emergence and construction of discourses on wokeness. First, we ask how the topic of “woke” reached the media agenda in Flanders. Second, we analyze the respective role of journalists and their sources in constructing discourses on “wokeness”, drawing on the notions of “primary” and “secondary definers” . We collected all newspaper articles mentioning “woke” in four newspapers for 6 months from 2021 to 2023. After a preliminary quantitative content analysis, we conducted a discourse analysis to identify the themes and terminology associated with woke as well as the key (journalistic and non-journalistic) actors talking about it. This allowed us to, first, reconstruct a timeline of the emerging discourses on woke; and second, to identify underlying discursive and journalistic patterns. The chronological analysis disclosed how a few “critical discourse moments” put woke on the media agenda. In each instance, an elite person created a stir, drawing attention to the (supposed) threat of “wokeness”. Woke was generally framed negatively as a “movement” threatening freedom of speech. Although journalists aimed to provide a balanced view and many op-eds offered counterarguments, the mainstream press did give a broad platform to actors deliberately instrumentalizing woke for (often political) purposes. By responding to anti-woke voices and not taking a side, most journalists did take over and reconfirm the framing of “woke” as a movement and threat proposed by elite primary definers.

(039) Challenges in Transgender Care Through a Qualitative Lens: Provisional Results About Sexual Medicine Professionals´ Opinions

Abstract Introduction Transgender people’s health and healthcare have become one of the most important challenges in healthcare settings and policy making. The perspectives of transgender consumers are important to inform policymaking and the development of measures to diminish barriers to accessing and maintaining health care. However, the perspective of healthcare providers, namely clinicians, is less known and is important to take a comprehensive and collaborative stance to deliver the best healthcare. Objective To highlight the perspective of sexual medicine practitioners/sexologists involved in transgender healthcare on the challenges faced in providing transgender healthcare. Methods Following an initiative by the Portuguese Society for Clinical Sexology, we used a participatory research design involving experienced sexual medicine clinicians/sexologists and activists for transgender care to develop a study to collect sexologists' perceptions of the challenges they faced when providing health care to transgender people. After IRB approval, we used a cross-sectional qualitative design and disseminated an online survey among professional associations (e.g., the Portuguese Society of Andrology, Sexual Medicine and Reproduction). A total of 25 complete answers were collected from clinicians who act in transgender healthcare and whose professional background included: Clinical Psychology, Pediatric Psychiatry, Psychiatry, Endocrinology, Urology, Gynecology and Anesthesiology. Participants were, on average, 46 years old (SD = 12.38), had an average of 13 years (SD = 11.25) experience in Sexual Medicine/Clinical sexology and 11 years on average (SD = 10.38) of experience with transgender healthcare. Sociodemographic data was collected between January and June 2023, and four open questions were presented. The current study will report preliminary content analysis concerning the open question: “Which challenges have you encountered in your experience as a health professional acting clinically with transgender people?”. Results The preliminary content analysis revealed 6 main categories, each representing distinct and interrelated subcategories aggregating different codes. The main categories were: 1. Formal Institutional Challenges (e.g., lack of formal education concerning transgender care, lack of specific guidelines for primary care; long waiting lists); 2. Informal Institutional Challenges (e.g., lack of updated knowledge from other clinicians not directly involved in transgender care; non-responsiveness from colleagues, translating policies and international guidelines into practices); 3. Social Challenges (e.g., family stigma; social discrimination); 4. Patient’s Challenges (e.g., lack of compliance; hostility or negative expectations towards health professionals); 5. Personal limits (e.g., perseverative thinking about the timing and patients’ internalisation of information about surgery risks; feelings of strangeness towards non-binary bodies); 6. Clinical Challenges (e.g., presence of emotional disorders/psychopathology; establishing differential diagnosis). Conclusions The current preliminary and provisional results highlight that clinical sexologists involved in transgender healthcare face different challenges regarding their role. The interrelated themes and subthemes reveal that clinical sexologists acting in transgender care have a critical stance towards policy making, service management and the quality of professional education provided to clinicians. Stigmatisation by their colleagues towards transgender people is a focus of concern. Still, they also feel they experience patients’ hostility and clinical and ethical challenges when trying to provide the best standards of care with a lack of resources. Disclosure No.

Online Information Gaps in Access to Community Health Literacy about Epilepsy Surgery: A Preliminary Content Analysis of Online Health Education Materials in the United States (S35.008)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To evaluate website content designed to provide epilepsy surgery information to patients. <h3>Background:</h3> Surgery is an important treatment for patients with medically refractory epilepsy. An increasing number of patients are turning to the Internet to obtain health information, but a previous study in the United Kingdom demonstrated poor readability and gaps in content from epilepsy surgery online resources. In this study, we used a US-based search strategy to analyze website content to determine the frequency of inclusion for key concepts relevant to the understanding of epilepsy surgery evaluation, risks, complications and options. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> Private browser Google search was used to find the top 100 search results for the terms “<i>epilepsy+surgery</i>”. Scientific papers, insurance pages, pay-wall limited and non-text content were excluded. Text content was analyzed for inclusion of important concepts (pre-surgical evaluation, complications, risks of continuing to live with seizures, types of surgery, complimentary diagrams/audiovisual material). Comparison of content inclusion was performed as a function of organization types (level 4 epilepsy centers, community health websites) and location (US-based or non-US-based) using the chi-square test. <h3>Results:</h3> Preliminary analysis of 100 Google search results yields 76 websites and 24 exclusions. The inclusion rate of surgical complication content is positively correlated with non-level 4 epilepsy centers (76.9% vs 23.8%, p&lt;0.001), community health websites (100% vs 25.0%, p&lt;0.001), and non-US-based organizations (100% vs 29.2%, p=0.02). Higher rates of content addressing responsive neurostimulation surgery are correlated with level 4 epilepsy center designation (58.7% vs 38.5%, p=0.04). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The majority of online health content is relatively incomplete with regards to multiple key concepts important for understanding a person’s surgical candidacy and the process of epilepsy surgery. Our findings suggest academic organizations, including level 4 epilepsy centers, need to broaden online health education resources for epilepsy surgery. More comprehensive publicly accessible information may lead to better shared decision-making. <b>Disclosure:</b> Ms. Ho has nothing to disclose. Mr. Seneviratne has nothing to disclose. Dr. Correa has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Independent Medical Consultants. Dr. Correa has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Atheneum Partners. Dr. Correa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. Dr. Correa has stock in Aidin Inc. Dr. Correa has received research support from Genentech. Dr. Correa has received research support from Psi Upsilon Foundation Inc.

Social economy enterprises contributing to the circular economy and the green transition in Romania

Recently, there is a new European Union commitment to the potential of the social&nbsp;economy which is a pioneer in job creation linked to the circular economy that will be further&nbsp;leveraged by the mutual benefits of supporting the green transition and strengthening social&nbsp;inclusion. Considering this general context, we propose in this paper an exploratory research&nbsp;aiming to investigate the potential of the Romanian social economy sector as part of a circular&nbsp;economy approach that could advance the green transition in the following years. Our paper&nbsp;is based on the findings of preliminary systematic content analysis for the identification of the&nbsp;social enterprises in Romania which include circular economy and/or green economy in their&nbsp;business model, and on qualitative research based on semi-structured in-depth interviews&nbsp;with the social economy organizations&rsquo; managers. We have highlighted five good practice examples&nbsp;(Recicleta, Atelierul de P&acirc;nz?, Educlick/Reconect, Remesh, and Bio&amp;co Farm), which&nbsp;clearly show that combining the principles of social economy with the ones of circular/green&nbsp;economy is a strategy that might lead to overcoming the current challenges of the society.&nbsp;Our investigations represent the first approach to this topic, aiming to understand the specific&nbsp;challenges of the circular or green economy and social economy models when joining forces&nbsp;together for sustainable development in the context of an emerging social economy, as is the&nbsp;case of Romania.

The Analytical Tools for Tourism Development through Social Media Data and Spatial Morphological Analysis

In the tourism sector, social media data help elucidate the travel behavior and activities of travelers through images and reviews. However, geospatial studies with spatial analysis tools such as GIS are still required by researchers who hope to gain beneficial insight into tourism development from such social media data. In addition to spatial studies, Space syntax analysis is used to explain the spatial characteristics and accessibility of both pedestrians and vehicles; however, the method doesn't consider how people use the space. Therefore, using social media with space syntax analysis will help enhance the understanding of both tourism and spatial aspects. This research aims to develop analytical tools to support tourism studies with the GIS (graphic information system) process using social media data analysis and spatial morphological results from space syntax analysis. The study found that the accessibility potential of a destination does not enhance the popularity of tourist attractions as much as relevant images or attractions due to many popular tourist attractions being located in areas with low potential accessibility. While the image processing and text processing results can extract hidden traits and identities in each attraction, another result is that the analytical tool developed in the study can help quantify tourism activities and perform preliminary content analysis of the data from text and Image processing through the GIS software. It is also used to overlay tourism activities and spatial morphology results in order to recognize the tourism development potential of the area in terms of destination image tourism activities and accessibilities. The tool produces useful results and assists in decision-making for the development of tourist attractions.

INCREASING RISK FOR ELDER MISTREATMENT? A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF CAREGIVER EXPERIENCES DURING COVID-19

Abstract Family caregivers (CGs) of community-dwelling older adults faced unprecedented psychosocial challenges in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Social isolation, lack of social support, truncated care networks, financial hardship and other factors put many older adults at risk for elder mistreatment (EM). Even in normal times, incidents of EM are only identified and formally reported in about one out of every 24 cases. Social distancing restrictions in the caregiving context, including decreased access to healthcare providers, rendered older adults with higher dependency needs inordinately vulnerable to abuse and neglect. We collected qualitative data on the experiences of 24 CGs receiving telephonic support sessions between March 2020 and February 2021. Data from 100 distinct post-session case notes were analyzed using thematic content analysis to generate codes and themes. Caregivers reported rapid deterioration of care receiver’s (CRs) physical health, resulting in higher levels of dependency. Declines in mental health and cognitive impairment, including behavioral issues, were an indicator of stress for both CR and CG. CGs reported lack of access to services and social supports, fractured care networks, and increased feelings of isolation. Preliminary content analysis indicates that serious risk factors for EM were present across all 13 months of the study, and those risk factors continued or worsened over time. Findings suggest that the unintended consequences of the public health response to COVID-19 may have amplified the risk for EM in vulnerable community-dwelling older adults.

Is Your Toxicity My Toxicity? Exploring the Impact of Rater Identity on Toxicity Annotation

Machine learning models are commonly used to detect toxicity in online conversations. These models are trained on datasets annotated by human raters. We explore how raters' self-described identities impact how they annotate toxicity in online comments. We first define the concept of Specialized Rater Pools: rater pools formed based on raters' self-described identities, rather than at random. We formed three such rater pools for this study - specialized rater pools of raters from the U.S. who identify as African American, LGBTQ, and those who identify as neither. Each of these rater pools annotated the same set of comments, which contains many references to these identity groups. We found that rater identity is a statistically significant factor in how raters will annotate toxicity for identity-related annotations. Using preliminary content analysis, we examined the comments with the most disagreement between rater pools and found nuanced differences in the toxicity annotations. Next, we trained models on the annotations from each of the different rater pools, and compared the scores of these models on comments from several test sets. Finally, we discuss how using raters that self-identify with the subjects of comments can create more inclusive machine learning models, and provide more nuanced ratings than those by random raters.

Twitter data sentiment analysis of tourism in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected Thailand's economy, which relies heavily on tourism. In this study, we labeled the sentiment and intention classes of English-language tweets related to tourism in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, and Phuket. Then, the accuracy of three machine learning algorithms (decision tree, random forest, and support vector machine) in predicting the sentiments and intentions of the tweets was investigated. The support vector machine algorithm provided the best results for sentiment analysis, with a maximum accuracy of 77.4%. In the intention analysis, the random forest algorithm achieved an accuracy of 95.4%. In a subsequent preliminary qualitative content analysis, the top 10 words found in each sentiment and intention class were gathered to provide insights and suggestions to help increase tourism in Thailand. The results of this study suggest that to help restore tourism in Thailand, tourist destinations, natural attractions, restaurants, and nightlife should be promoted. In addition, the two main concerns of tourists to Thailand should be addressed: COVID-19 and current political tensions.

Interdisciplinary simulation for nursing and medical students about final conversations: Catalyzing relationships at the end of life (CAREol)

Final conversations (FCs) go beyond how patients want to be cared for at the end of life (EOL) and focus on messages of love, identity specific, and unique to an individual and relationship that requires self-examination, everyday talk that normalizes a difficult situation, religious/spiritual messages, and if needed, difficult relationship talk to heal broken relationships. The purpose of the Catalyzing Relationships at the End of Life (CAREol) program was to provide interdisciplinary education to nursing and medical students and clinical faculty about facilitating FCs among patients and families. This two-part, quasi-experimental program consisted of a cognitive (online) and experiential (live simulation) curriculum experience. Program curriculum, including video vignettes, readings, and live simulation (utilizing actors), was developed by the study team. Reflective journaling and researcher designed pre- and post-tests were used to assess comfort, confidence, importance, and distress regarding FCs and collaboration with other disciplines. The pre-/post-test questions demonstrate statistical significance based on a paired t-test with effect sizes supporting the practical importance of the findings for effect size. Preliminary content and thematic analysis of qualitative responses describe categories of the mock team meeting experience and interaction with the actors to change patient and family outcomes. Early intervention with the CAREol program provides a framework to help students and clinical faculty facilitate FCs that may result in peace and comfort for patients and families during a difficult time.

COVID-19 VACCINATION AND DENTISTRY: ARE WE FACING NEW CHALLENGES OR WORKING WITHIN OUR POSSIBILITIES? ANALYTICAL REVIEW

Objective. To systematize available data regarding COVID-19 vaccination aspects among dental specialists and highlight relevant occupationally-related features of vaccination challenges.&#x0D; Materials and Methods. Search of pertinent literature sources associated with above-formulated objective was provided via PubMed Central database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and Google Scholar search engine (https://scholar.google.com/). Criteria of publication date included 2020-2021 years period. Publications in English or at least with English abstract/summary were collected within primary sample for further preliminary content-analysis. All articles collected for in-depth content-analysis were evaluated due to the text-mining, text-identification and text-extraction principles with further clusterization and systematization of outcomes at the Microsoft Excel 2019 software (Microsoft Office, 2019). &#x0D; Results. After full reading of articles’ texts 24 of them were interpreted as those containing new and/or unique information, interpretations or facts, out of which 9 were cross-sectional online surveys, 4 were editorials, 6 were literature/clinical reviews, 1 was brief report, 1 was opinion article, 1 was ethical moment, 1 was advice article, and 1 was web-source. New challenges related with COVID-19 vaccination within dental filed are represented by personal hesitancy of dental professionals and students, which in turn associated with provided information support, previous COVID-19 experience, fear of getting infected or transmit disease to the patients or family members, fear of potential development for post-vaccination side-effects, changes of occupational status, and interaction within dental team. &#x0D; Conclusions. Further improvement of dental care field possible only after vaccination of dental professionals. Vaccination of dentists widening window of their possibilities regarding potential role of dental specialist as members of COVID-19 vaccine’s delivery team, improvement of quality of life among dental patients (after its decreasing changes during pandemic), and providing dentists with important role in so-called “behaviorally informed strategies” and public motivational programs aimed at amplification of positive willingness for COVID-19 vaccination among general public.

Knowledge spaces in architecture and urbanism – a preliminary five-year chronicle

PurposeCommemorating the 15th year anniversary of discourse, knowledge dissemination in architecture and urbanism through the contributions published in Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, since March 2007, this article aims to capture, unpack and categorize the key content of published research outputs during the last five years into knowledge spaces.Design/methodology/approachWhile referring to key statistics of various recognized databases in order to highlight the journal growth, development and performance, the approach to the analysis is inspired by Crysler's Writing Spaces: Discourses of Architecture, Urbanism and the Built Environment. This is established through a preliminary conceptual content analysis that enables the development of specific content categories representing knowledge spaces based on the overall contributions to the journal since its inception in 2007 and then mapping the recent contributions, developed over the past five years (2017–2021), to these knowledge spaces. The thrust of the analysis is to instigate a structured understanding of Archnet-IJAR role in the development and dissemination of knowledge in architecture and urbanism.FindingsThe examination of the content and the analysis reveal two broad categories of knowledge spaces: established and evolving. Established knowledge spaces are recognized in terms of theorizing architectural and urban production; the public realm and assessment of designed environments; housing, the informal and the vernacular; urban heritage and historic environments; and architectural and urban politics. Evolving knowledge spaces were acknowledged in terms of architectural education and design pedagogy; collaborative planning and community design; architectural and urban sustainability and resilience; health, wellbeing and engaging with nature; and COVID-19 spatial and pedagogical implications. Characterized by clear definition and at the same time transparent borders, the identified knowledge spaces have the potential of generating further possibilities for future knowledge spaces.Research limitations/implicationsIn addition to a holistic analysis based on the scrutiny of contributions as they progressed from submissions to reviews to publishing, future work would involve more systematization, in-depth engagement with metadata and should benefit from IT applications and data mining software packages.Practical implicationsThis article is regarded as a cognizance platform and an enabling mechanism for researchers and future contributors to identify the unique particularities of their research, the nature of the content they aim to develop and the way in which that content may contribute to one or more knowledge spaces.Originality/valueEstablishing an understanding of the knowledge spaces which represent contributions published in Archnet-IJAR, the knowledge spaces identified demonstrate diversity and plurality; diversity in ontological interpretations of the nature of reality and plurality and pluri-epistemology in terms of how methods are pursued and the way in which such interpretations are developed, recorded, documented and communicated. These are knowledge spaces of possibilities and anticipation of growth, evolution and development.

Abstract PO-022: Community-driven recommendations for a culturally and contextually tailored HPV campaign for Arab and Mexican communities in Brooklyn

Abstract Purpose. Uneven language access in policy implementation perpetuates health disparity for limited English proficient populations. This study engages Arab and Mexican communities in Brooklyn to identify individual, community, and health system-level determinants of HPV vaccine uptake and hesitancy and inform a multilevel and culturally tailored HPV campaign. Methods. Guided by an integrated framework of community-based participatory research and social marketing for behavior change, we are conducting semi-structured interviews with community stakeholders (target n=18; health care providers, community and faith-based leaders) and community members (target n=80; parents/caregivers and adolescents) from the Arab and Mexican American communities in Brooklyn to examine challenges and facilitators to HPV vaccination and garner recommendations for a HPV campaign. Results. To date, we interviewed 14 community stakeholders (9 Arab, 5 Mexican) and 14 parents (11 Arab, 3 Mexican); data collection is ongoing. Preliminary content analysis revealed an overall consensus that in-language HPV-related materials are lacking and translated education is needed in both communities. Both Arab and Mexican parents reported limited knowledge of HPV, including the vaccination status of their adolescents. Recommendations for a HPV campaign were organized around the 4 P's of the social marketing mix (Price, Product, Place, Promotion). For Price, the 2 communities shared restrictive norms about premarital sex, particularly for girls, and the perception that girls only should receive the HPV vaccine. For Product, they agreed that the HPV campaign should be available in-language and emphasize cancer prevention not sexually transmitted illness. Arab parents, in particular, preferred messaging that emphasizes risk reduction for their daughters after they get married and become sexually active. For Place, most participants cited doctors as ideal sources of information. They recommended different campaign dissemination strategies for parents and adolescents: virtual (e.g., Facebook) or in-person interactive workshops conducted in community-based organizations (CBOs) for parents, and social media (e.g., TikTok) for adolescents. For Promotion, all participants agreed that bilingual brochures should be available in doctors' offices and CBOs. Arab parents expressed interest in opportunities for interactive workshops to ask questions and Mexican parents suggested supplementing school-based PTA meetings with opportunities for HPV education. Social media was again mentioned by all as the ideal platform to reach adolescents. Conclusion. Preliminary findings identified low levels of knowledge on HPV and a lack of in-language education reaching these communities. To bridge these gaps and improve reach and vaccination rates, our participatory social marketing approach underscores the need for a multilevel in-language HPV campaign for Arab and Mexican communities that aligns with their cultural norms and leverages existing community assets such as CBOs, healthcare providers, and schools. Citation Format: Perla Chebli, Sonia Sifuentes, Victoria Foster, Yousra Yusuf, Abiha Kazmi, Sally Idris, Chau Trinh-Shevrin, Simona Kwon. Community-driven recommendations for a culturally and contextually tailored HPV campaign for Arab and Mexican communities in Brooklyn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-022.

Food Shopping Experiences Among Dollar Store Shoppers in Fresno and Boston During the COVID-19 Pandemic

ObjectivesIn this qualitative study, we examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motivations, decision-making, and food shopping among dollar store shoppers in Fresno, CA and Boston, MA. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old, lived in Boston or Fresno, spoke English or Spanish, and shopped at a dollar store within the past month.MethodsUsing convenience sampling, participants were recruited via flyers at 10 dollar stores in low-income neighborhoods in Fresno and Boston and posts in community Facebook groups. Interviews in Boston (n = 25) and Fresno (n = 26) were conducted remotely from August-December 2020.ResultsOur participants were primarily low-income, English-speaking women who shopped at dollar stores about once perweek. Preliminary qualitative content analysis shows that key shopper motivations included low prices, product variety, and convenience. Shelf-stable foods and snacks were frequently purchased, especially for children. Shoppers in Fresno relied more on dollar stores for groceries and fresh produce, while Boston shoppers primarily purchased shelf-stable foods or snacks. Shoppers in both cities desired increased availability of fresh foods. Shoppers reported fear of shopping, limited stock, financial stress, and fewer trips early in the pandemic. Shopping increased by summer. Shoppers with children reported increased food expenditures during the pandemic, including at dollar stores, as closed schools meant that children consumed meals at home.ConclusionsDollar stores continue to be an important food resource despite challenges related to the pandemic. Considering frequent use, food purchases, and desire for more fresh foods among shoppers, dollar stores chains may find a receptive audience for increasing their fresh food stock.Funding SourcesEthical approval was provided by the Tufts University Social, Behavioral & Educational Research Institutional Review Board. Funding was provided by the Bergstrom Foundation and Tufts Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy.

Talking in Circles: Undergraduate Biochemistry Student Conceptions About Biochemical Pathway Regulation

For many undergraduate students, introductory biochemistry courses are difficult because they involve novel abstract concepts that require assimilation of new knowledge with pre-existing notions from biology and chemistry courses. According to cognitive load theory, students use pre-existing schemas to fit this new knowledge onto the framework of what they already know. Extraneous cognitive load can interrupt this process by overwhelming working memory. Misconceptions increase cognitive load and interrupt the mental framework, making it difficult for students to master course material. In the field of biochemistry, little research exists on how students understand and learn about the threshold concept of Biochemical pathway dynamics and regulation. Initially a non-empirical pilot study was conducted with students who had completed an undergraduate biochemistry I course. These participants were interviewed using the three-phase single interview technique (3-PSIT), which probes the student's knowledge by creating cognitive dissonance using visual representations. Preliminary inductive content analysis of the transcribed text from this pilot study identified patterns and categories of (mis)conceptions among students. From this, student responses were collected from assessments informed by the pilot study. These responses were used to further identify patterns of (mis)understanding with regards to pathway regulation. The information gathered here enables development of learning assessments and pedagogical techniques to better teach the complex concepts surrounding biochemical pathway regulation.

School Library Advocacy Literature in the United States

Despite evidence of school librarians’ impact on student achievement and multiple advocacy efforts, position eliminations and budget reductions continue across the United States. The researchers conducted a preliminary conceptual content analysis of the scholarly and practitioner literature about school library advocacy in the United States from 2001-2011 to determine methods of and rationales for advocacy. The most frequent advocacy method was distributing literature or information about school libraries. The most frequent reason cited in the literature for engaging in advocacy activities was in response to a potential funding or position reduction or elimination. Advocacy is highly contextualized and different situations may warrant different approaches. Viewing school library advocacy through an organizational evolution framework may frame the context. School library researchers should address the dearth of empirical and theoretical work on both the practice and impact of advocacy on the profession.

Identification of Progesterone in the Banana Inflorescence of Musa paradisiaca L. Species by Using HPTLC and GC-MS Techniques

Progesterone is a mammalian gonadal hormone which is generally present in plant samples in trace amount. In the present study, progesterone was identified in the ethanol extract of the banana inflorescence of Musa paradisiaca. L species by HPTLC method and silica part from HPTLC plates were scrapped and subjected to GC-MS analysis which further confirms the presence of progesterone. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation, mineral content, HPTLC fingerprinting, and steroid analysis of banana inflorescence is also done. HPTLC fingerprinting results of the ethanolic extract can be used as a diagnostic tool for the correct identification of the plant and as a phytochemical marker.

Exploratory study on the operational issues faced in collection, transportation, and laboratory testing related to COVID-19 in remote areas of selected EAG states of North East and East India.

Background:COVID-19 ongoing pandemic has proved beyond doubt that all countries in the world from high income to low- and middle-income countries were unprepared with under-diagnosed and underreported losses of precious human lives on already overstretched healthcare delivery infrastructure. Thus, the urgent need of the hour is to understand and identify the operational issues and challenges encountered in the sample collection process and also at the testing labs in order to respond at the earliest. This early and effective response will help not only to address the identified issues in the whole chain of sample collecting to test result communication but also it will help to improve the functioning of the entire system involved in this process.Objectives:The present study was undertaken to identify the issues faced during various steps involved in laboratory testing as part of the COVID-19 control activities in selected remote districts of North East and East India. Further, perceived adequacy of human resources, equipment, diagnostic kits, and other essential consumables including PPEs vis-a-vis the load of samples received from the catchment areas of the testing laboratories were also explored.Methods:The study was a qualitative research using in-depth interview method to collect and collate the data from the chain of personnel involved in sample collection, storage, transportation, and testing by recorded telephonic interview by state-level collaborators as per the study protocol. The respondents were recruited from randomly selected sites of remote districts for sample collection, storage, transportation, and dedicated testing labs in six states of North East and Eastern India. The study findings were analyzed by two-dimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to get the collective picture involving transcription, preliminary data scrutiny, content analysis, and interpretation of the verbal IDI; classified and summarized by triangulation; free listing and pile sorting of suggestions.Results:The entire laboratory testing related human resources has been working on war-footing round-the-clock to fulfil the expectation of the stakeholders and maintaining high quality despite the ever-increasing load of sample testing in both the public and private sectors. The findings indicated that the healthcare workers from all levels of laboratory diagnosis have taken it as a challenge to control the pandemic even with limitations of logistics to capacity building. Positive suggestions to improve laboratory services were to increase human resources, infrastructure, IT with the robust mechanism of monitoring and supervision.Conclusions:Upgradation of laboratory capacities and expertise in public health has become one of the points of concern to contain the COVID-19 pandemic of the new millennium.

International Master’s Degree Students’ Well-being at a Finnish University During COVID-19

AbstractThe rapid developments and consequences of the COVID-19 crisis for university students’ well-being are presently being studied across the world. This study contributes to the growing discourse on university students’ well-being by exploring changes in international Master’s degree students’ well-being in relation to the move to online teaching and learning at a Finnish university during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study draws on 37 answers to an open-ended question about remote teaching and learning at the end of a survey on university students’ stress. The text data were analysed conducting a preliminary quantitative content analysis and a more detailed thematic analysis, from which two themes were developed. The first theme concerned respondents’ well-being with regard to their friends and family, including the desire for human connection, ways of coping and health concerns. The second theme concerned respondents’ well-being with regard to their studies, including the importance of social life on campus, affected concentration and motivation, degree-related complications, and online teaching and supervision. The findings suggest that sociocultural well-being may extend beyond acculturation and that decreased psychological well-being has repercussions for international students’ studies. The study concludes with a discussion of the study’s limitations and practical implications.

Corporate Social Responsibility Communications on Social Media and Consumers’ Brand Engagement: A Case Study of Hotels in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate how the communication of the three major types of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives (i.e. environmental, societal and stakeholders’ CSR) on Facebook affect consumers’ brand engagement. A preliminary content analysis on 100 hotels’ Facebook was conducted to identify the current usage of Facebook for CSR communication among hotel firms in Hong Kong. Then, a consumer survey was conducted with 314 Facebook users in order to collect data for testing the conceptual framework. The empirical findings unveil that disclosure of societal CSR on Facebook has a strong explanatory power of consumer brand engagement, whereas that of environmental CSR was close to reasonable. This study provides insights into hotel firms’ usage of Facebook as a platform for CSR communication. The findings might ease industry practitioners’ apprehension of disclosure of CSR initiatives on Facebook.

An Investigation of the Dialogical Communication Capacities of Turkish GSM Companies Websites

This article investigates the practice of dialogue through the websites of Turkish GSM companies. This study is theoretically derived from the relationship management perspective and is methodologically based on the dialogic communication principles of Kent and Taylor. The study examines the official websites of 3 Turkish GSM companies: Turkcell, Vodafone Turkiye and Turk Telekom. A preliminary content analysis was conducted in a pilot study to determine if there were distinctive features of Turkish GSM companies' websites that should be evaluated in the respective dialogic categories. Based on the results of the preliminary content analysis, a more comprehensive content analysis was performed to determine public relations practices offered via the internet.