Pregnancy Outside Of Marriage Research Articles

Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: the Fulfillment of Child Custody Rights in Divorce Cases Caused by Early Marriage

A marriage license in Indonesia is only allowed to be granted to a man and woman from age 19 and above. The aim is to prevent early marriages which are very vulnerable to divorce due to the psychological immaturity of the couple. For example, Kotagajah Timur was observed to have a common case of divorce among underage people that married due to pregnancy outside of marriage. Therefore, this descriptive-analytical field study was conducted based on a phenomenological method. Moreover, data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that divorcees from early marriages were unable to fulfill the provisions of Child Custody Rights. This was observed from the fact that the couple did not provide the required child protection after the divorce in addition to the non-fulfillment of other rights such as Nasab, Nafkah, Care (Hadhanah), and Child Education Patterns. Furthermore, the mother is required by the law to have full custody while the father provides living expenses. This requirement is observed to have been ignored because the mother is underage and lacks the maturity to perform the necessary obligations such as caring for and educating the children. Therefore, the children are discovered to be under the care of the parents of the mother.

Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Remaja Dalam Menghindari Kehamilan Diluar Nikah

The phenomenon of teenagers getting pregnant out of wedlock, especially in Indonesia, is increasing. The risk of pregnancy out of wedlock physiologically, psychologically and socially causes several impacts, one of which is the emergence of depression due to the negative stigma that society places on these teenagers. As for the analysis of the causes of pregnancy that occurs, one of them is the lack of information regarding reproductive health in adolescents, so the solution is to carry out reproductive health education activities for adolescents regarding pregnancy outside of marriage. This community outreach activity was carried out on January 12 2024 at the Paguyuban Middle School in Bandar Agung Village and was attended by 40 people. The methods used in this activity are lectures, discussions, direct demonstrations and questions and answers and before and after this activity a pretest and posttest are given. So with this activity it is hoped that the community, especially teenagers, will be able to understand and realize the importance of knowledge about pregnancy outside of marriage. The aim of this outreach to the community is to synthesize creative ideas through educational outreach programs by carrying out preventive and promotive efforts in preventing and dealing with out-of-wedlock pregnancies among teenagers.

Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menetapkan Dispensasi Nikah bagi Anak di Bawah Umur di Pengadilan Agama Bangko

The age limit determined by the Marriage Law (Article 7 paragraph (1) No. 16 of 2019) is 19 years for men and 19 years for women. Those who wish to marry according to the provisions of the Law must apply for dispensation to the Religious Court. The aim of this research is to determine the judge's considerations in determining marriage dispensation for minors. As well as the factors behind the request for dispensation from marriage for minors. This research method uses a qualitative method which is more specific to field research, namely research whose object is the judge's considerations in determining marriage dispensations. The results of the research show that the judge's considerations in determining the dispensation for child marriage at the Bangko Religious Court, namely, Considerations Based on Nas, Considerations Based on Fiqh Rules, Juridical Considerations (UU), Sociological Considerations, Considerations Based on Ijtihad and Judge's Analysis. The Bangko Religious Court accepts requests for dispensation for the marriage of children who have not reached the specified age for several reasons, including cases of pregnancy outside of marriage, lack of education regarding religion, financial problems, the impact of information channels or social communication facilities, fear of slander, and changes in laws regarding marriage age. In many cases, judges grant this dispensation as a precaution against the possibility of greater harm.

Analysis of judge's decision number 44/PDT.P./2023/PA.BN regarding dispensation of marriage due to pregnancy outside of marriage in the perspective of the Marriage Law

Marriage is a living union between a man and a woman which is formally confirmed by law, namely juridical and mostly also religious according to husband and wife goals and law. Article 103 states that husband and wife must be loyal to each other, help each other and help each other. The formulation of the problem in this study is how to apply and consider judges in deciding Decision Number 44/PDT.P/2023/PA.BN regarding marriage dispensation from a legal perspective. The legal research method used is normative, normative legal research (legal research) is a document study, legal marital status is one of the things that women especially want, considering that in marriage there are absolute rights for women and men that are guaranteed or protected. by the state based on applicable law. In Indonesia, the majority of marriages are carried out by minors. Marriage dispensation is necessary, but on the other hand there are also negative impacts, namely the existence of marriage at an early age or not old enough, it will increase the divorce rate and can increase the unemployment rate and abandoned children. There are several factors that influence the occurrence of underage marriages or the occurrence of marriage dispensation, namely economic factors, educational limitations, dropping out of school or not going to the same school, and social factors of marriage.

Penyuluhan Pendidikan Seksualitas dan Gaya Berpacaran Sehat pada Remaja

<p><em>There are many cases of pregnancy outside of marriage in adolescents due to lack of parental supervision, lack of knowledge about sex, and the consequences of unhealthy dating styles. This is also related to the stages of adolescent development, which is why there is a need for sex education from an early age. Furthermore, the need for exposure to knowledge about love adolescents to avoid the increasing number of pregnancies at an early age. This service activity aims to educate adolescents about romance, sexuality, and dating styles involving 187 students at SMA Charitas, namely 61 class X participants, 63 class XI participants, and 63 class XII participants. This service uses a psychoeducational approach. </em><em>The result of this activity is a discussion about the development of adolescents, who are often trapped in free sex or free marriage. This is due to the existence of two influencing factors, external and internal. Internal factors are factors that originate within the teenager himself, such as knowledge, attitude toward sexuality, self-control, lifestyle, social activity, age, and religion/spirituality. External factors originate from outside the adolescent, such as family relationships, social media exposure, values, social culture, and norms that serve as social support for adolescent behavior. Thus, through this activity, participants are expected to acquire knowledge and avoid behaviors that could ruin their lives in the future</em><em></em></p>

Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Upaya Pencegahan Kehamilan di Luar Nikah di Desa Jangga Kecamatan Batin XXIV Kabupaten Batanghari

Pregnancy out of wedlock contains very complicated and complex problems for teenagers, especially for those who are directly involved in it. One of the prevention of pregnancy outside of marriage is by providing health education through empowering women. This study aims to determine the empowerment of women in an effort to prevent pregnancy out of wedlock. This research is a quantitative research with a pre-experimental method with a pre-post test design. The research population was all young women in Jangga Village, Batin XXIV District, Batanghari Regency, totaling 34 people with a sampling technique that was a total sampling of 34 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet and analyzed univariate and bivariate using the T-test. The results showed that there was an influence of women's empowerment in preventing pregnancy outside of marriage in Jangga Village, Batin XXIV District, Batanghari Regency in 2022 with a p-value of 0.000. Empowerment of women can increase the knowledge of adolescents regarding the prevention of pregnancy outside of marriage.

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT SEXUAL EDUCATION AMONG TEENAGERS AT PPA EMAUS GBI EMAUS WONOSARI PAGU KEDIRI

Teenagers who are not incorporated with accurate information about sexuality can be immersed into sexual intercourse outside marriage, resulted in increasing number of pregnancy outside of marriage as well as sexual transmitted diseases (Suarta 2022). The topic of this study is ”Level of knowledge for sexual education among teenagers in PPA Emaus GBI Emaus at Wonosari, Pagu, Kediri”. The aim of this study is to identify the level of knowledge for sexual education. This study used simple descriptive design using questionnaire as the tool. The study was done at PPA Emaus GBI Emaus Wonosari Kediri with 33 respondents as the sample. The study showed that more than half of the respondents (56,5%) have high level of knowledge, while the rest respondents (43,5%) have moderate level. Therefore, this study recommends to do further study with larger number of respondents.

Concealed pregnancy as an act of care? A qualitative analysis of motivations for concealing and non-disclosure of early pregnancy in The Gambia

BackgroundA barrier to achieving first trimester antenatal care (ANC) attendance in many countries has been the widespread cultural practice of not discussing pregnancies in the early stages. Motivations for concealing pregnancy bear further study, as the interventions necessary to encourage early ANC attendance may be more complicated than targeting infrastructural barriers to ANC attendance such as transportation, time, and cost.MethodsFive focus groups with a total of 30 married, pregnant women were conducted to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of early initiation of physical activity and/or yoghurt consumption in reducing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in pregnant women in The Gambia. Focus group transcripts were coded through a thematic analysis approach, assessing themes as they arose in relation to failure to attend early ANC.ResultsTwo reasons for the concealment of pregnancies in the first trimester or ahead of a pregnancy’s obvious visibility to others were given by focus group participants. These were ‘pregnancy outside of marriage’ and ‘evil spirits and miscarriage.’ Concealment on both grounds was motivated through specific worries and fears. In the case of a pregnancy outside of marriage, this was worry over social stigma and shame. Evil spirits were widely considered to be a cause of early miscarriage, and as such, women may choose to conceal their pregnancies in the early stages as a form of protection.ConclusionWomen’s lived experiences of evil spirits have been under-explored in qualitative health research as they relate specifically to women’s access to early antenatal care. Better understanding of how such sprits are experienced and why some women perceive themselves as vulnerable to related spiritual attacks may help healthcare workers or community health workers to identify in a timely manner the women most likely to fear such situations and spirits and subsequently conceal their pregnancies.

Parental Role, Social Media, Peer Support, and Their Associations on Attitude Toward Reproductive Health in Female Students in Junior High Schools, Manokwari, West Papua

Background: The risky behavior of adolescents in Indonesia towards their reproductive health makes adolescents vulnerable to experiencing pregnancy at an early age, pregnancy outside of marriage, unwanted pregnancy, and infection with sexually transmitted diseases to unsafe abortions. Adolescent attitudes toward risky behavior depend on information obtained from parents, peers and social media. This study aimed to determine how much influence the role of parents, social media, and peers had on the attitudes of young women to maintain their reproductive health. Subjects and Method: The research design was an observational analytic research study, with a cross-sectional approach. It was carried out at SMP Negeri 1 and SMP Negeri 2, Manokwari, West Papua in April to July 2022. A total of 130 girls were selected by random sampling. The dependent variable is attitude. The independent variables are the role of parents, peers, and social media. Data analysis with logistic regression model using the STATA 17 program. Results: Parental role (OR= 17.40; 95% CI= 5.32 to 56.90; p <0.001), peers OR= 11.28; 95% CI 3.23 to 39.33; p <0.001), and social media (OR= 7.30; 95% CI= 2.25 to 23.71; p= 0.001) positively and significantly affected positive attitude of reproductive health. Conclusion: The role of parents, peers, and social media influences the positive attitudes of adole­scents about their reproductive health. Keywords: reproductive health, attitude, parental role, peers, social media, adolescent. Correspondence: Priscilla Jessica Pihahey. School of Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health Sorong. Jl. Basuki Rahmat, Klawalu, East Sorong, Sorong 98416, West Papua. Email: pihaheypriscilla@gmail.com. Mobile: +628114852336. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2023), 08(01): 34-43 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2023.08.01.05

Situational Juvenile Deliquency Effects in Lucia Priandarini’s Novel “Dua Garis Biru”

Juvenile delinquency is an act that violates the rules, laws or norms in society that are carried out at the age of adolescence or the transition from childhood to adulthood or entering the age of 10-12 years and ending at the age of 18-22 years. The purpose of this study is to explain the effects situational juvenile deliquency in the Lucia Priandarini’s novel Dua Garis Biru. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach. The data that is collected from a qualitative research is typically extracted through research methods such as observations, case studies, interviews and videotapes. Data to be analyzed using qualitative research. Specific methods might include content analysis and thematic analysis. The impact of sex free in the novel is the same as what happens in society, where many teenagers have free sex and suffer the consequences such as pregnancy outside of marriage, early marriage, and abortion.

UPAYA PEMERINTAH NAGARI DALAM MENGATASI PERGAULAN BEBAS (STUDI KASUS PERILAKU BERPACARAN DI NAGARI KOTO BANGUN KECAMATAN KAPUR IX KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA)

This research is motivated by the promiscuity of teenagers at this time has the potential to lead to deviant behavior in terms of socializing. One form of behavior is how to get along with the opposite sex to cause promiscuity in dating such as having premarital sex so that it leads to pregnancy outside of marriage. Of course this is a concern for the nagari government so it is necessary to overcome promiscuity in these teenagers. The purpose of this study is to describe the efforts of the Nagari government in overcoming promiscuity. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The unit of analysis in this study is the family. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The conclusion of this study is than in overcoming the association of teenagers who are increasingly free in terms of dating, sunch as by conducting socialization and counseling in every school in Koto bangun, then giving advice to teenagers who are found dating in a place which is quiet, giving a warning and a sanction if the teenager who has been given advice still reperats it, namely by notifying the parent at home and will process it at the nagari office of they have deviaded outside the limits. But by doing several ways to overcome this, there are still teenagers eho do deviant behavior, especially in terms of dating. So this is certainly a common concern for both parents at home, the community, and the nagari government.

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Hamil di Luar Nikah Pada Remaja Putri dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Tujuh Ulu Palembang 2021

Teenage pregnancy has a negative impact on both mother and baby. According to WHO, girls aged 10-14 years have a five times greater risk of dying in pregnancy and childbirth than women aged 20-24 years. Child marriage causes early pregnancy and childbirth which is associated with a high mortality rate and mothers who give birth under the age of 18 also have a risk of death in infants, namely premature and stunted babies, pregnant at a young age are also prone to bleeding, miscarriage. , pregnant with grapes and pregnant prematurely during pregnancy even give wrong parenting to children because of the limited knowledge of the nature of motherhood in psychology. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and the role of parents simultaneously with the incidence of pregnancy out of wedlock in adolescent girls during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Seven Ulu Public Health Center working area, Palembang in 2021. This study used an analytical survey with quantitative methods with a design design. cross sectional research, where the dependent variable is pregnant out of wedlock and the independent variable is knowledge, attitudes and the role of parents are collected simultaneously. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the Work Area of the Tujuh Ulu Health Center, Palembang in 2021, which were estimated to be 124 pregnant women from January-June. The sample is some of the mothers who are in the Working Area of the Tujuh Ulu Public Health Center Palembang in 2021. From the results of research that has been carried out at the Tujuh Ulu Health Center Palembang, it can be concluded that there is a partial relationship between knowledge and the incidence of pregnancy outside of marriage at the Tujuh Ulu Public Health Center Palembang in 2021, there is no partial relationship between maternal attitudes and the incidence of pregnancy outside marriage at the Tujuh Ulu Public Health Center Palembang in 2021 and there is a partial relationship between parental roles and the incidence of pregnancy outside of marriage at the Puskesmas.

DINAMIKA PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PADA PERILAKU BERESIKO (KEHAMILAN TIDAK DIINGINKAN) REMAJA

Unwanted pregnancies that occur outside of marriage in adolescents are problematic because they have wider after-effects academically, financially, and socially. The occurrence of unwanted pregnancy outside of marriage is certainly based on a psychological condition such as decision making at the first time an adolescent engages in risky sexual behavior. This study aims to explore cognitive considerations such as what factors are considered for risky sexual acts and also the cognitive process of risky behavior. The participants in this study were three people consisting of one male and two female who were taken by purposive sampling technique. This study used a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach, while the data collection techniques used interviews and observations. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause risky behavior (unwanted pregnancy) are 1) the experience of watching pornographic videos, 2) an environment that is accustomed to promiscuity, and 3) trust and comfort when interacting with partners. While systematic decision-making through several stages does not occur, because the risk behavior of individuals is more dominated by emotional states, memories of previous experiences, and the people around them, so that decision-making is more heuristic.

PREMARRIAGE SEX EDUCATION IN AN EFFORT TO INCREASE KNOWLEDGE OF RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS

Introduction: Risky sexual behavior in adolescents is a problem that is often experienced by most teenagers in Indonesia. The incidence of deviant behavior is currently increasing among adolescents. One example of cases of deviant behavior in adolescents is pregnancy outside of marriage. Therefore, it is necessary to have prevention activities by conducting socialization and health education related to risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Sexual education aims to help adolescents in making decisions and the risks of their sexual attitudes. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase adolescent knowledge regarding risky sexual behavior that often occurs in adolescents. Methods: The population of this activity is in the form of Health Education which is carried out on 320 students of class XI Vocational High School 10 Malang. The sample used in this activity is 10% of the total 32 students. The variable measured in this activity is adolescents' knowledge regarding risky sexual behavior. Health education activities began by conducting a pre-test using a questionnaire on risky sexual behavior in adolescents, then providing education with the lecture method and playing a video on the impact of sexual behavior on adolescents, and ending with a question-and-answer session accompanied by a post-test. Knowledge measurement is done by using univariate analysis by analyzing the results of pre and post-test. Results: The results of this activity can be seen from the post-test to pre-test results that have been carried out, namely an increase in student knowledge marked by a change in the score on five of the six achievement indicators. The first indicator is causes of free sex with an increase of 3.6%. The second indicator of the form of sex increased by 50%. Third, parties affected by premarital sex increased by 53.6%. Fourth, the purpose of premarital sex health education increased by 39.7%, and lastly, the prevention of premarital sex increased by 7.1%. With the results obtained an increase in the score indicates that the information conveyed by the researcher can be accepted by students well. Conclusion: The level of students' knowledge about premarital sex increased marked by a change in the score for the better on five indicators, namely knowledge related to causes, forms, affected parties, goals and prevention of premarital sex in adolescents. Health education needs to be carried out continuously, so that information related to good sexual education can be well absorbed by adolescents.

ANALISIS FILM PUTIH ABU-ABU DAN SEPATU KETS MELALUI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING UNTUK MENCEGAH PERGAULAN BEBAS DI SMA KARYA 45 BANGUN REJO MUSI RAWAS

This research is motivated by students stating that they are lazy to follow lessons such as not taking attendance, not doing assignments, spending time playing games, and holding meetings with the opposite sex in one basecamp to have fun with their girlfriends. From these actions, which caused students to drop out of school due to pregnancy outside of marriage. The aim of this research is to find out whether the effect of the film White Gray and Sneakers is effective through guidance and counseling services to prevent promiscuity, this study uses a quantitative descriptive method. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the level of students' understanding of promiscuity before the screening of the film White Gray and Sneakers had an average value of 84.04, the level of understanding of students about promiscuity after the screening of the film White Gray and Sneakers had an average value of 86, 98 with a difference of 2.94. The results of statistical tests using the Paired Sample T-test showed that the P value 0.05, which was 0.000, meaning that there was an effect of the effect of the White Gray film and effective sneakers through guidance and counseling services to prevent promiscuity in SMA Karya 45 Bangunrejo Musi Rawas .

Determinan Pernikahan Dini pada Remaja Putri

Early marriage still occurs due to various factors. This study aims to analyze and identify the factors that influence marriage in young women. This research method uses an analytical survey with a casecontrol design. The population in this study was 169 young women. The sample in this study was 64 young women according to the inclusion criteria. Data analysis in this study used the Chi-Square statistical test. The results of the study using Chi-Square showed that education (0.001) < (0.05), parental income (0.008) < (0.05), pregnancy out of wedlock (0.000) < (0.05). The conclusion is that there is a significant effect of education level, parental income, and pregnancy outside of marriage on early marriage in adolescent girls.

Questioning about Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage Dispensation in PA Kotamobagu

This research aims to show the results of the issuance of Law No. 16 of 2019 and the increasing application for marriage dispensation at the Kotamobagu PA. Underage marriage is a common thing in society. Many things are a factor in underage marriage, one of which is pregnancy outside of marriage and is considered to approve the proposed marriage dispensation. This research is field research located in PA Kotamobagu. The results obtained are that although the issuance of Law Number 16 of 2019, cases of underage marriages are even increasing. This case is evidenced in PA Kotamobagu. In 2020 the application for marriage dispensation was higher than the previous year. One of the reasons for submitting a marriage dispensation made by the community is a pregnant woman out of wedlock, so the judge must approve the proposed marriage dispensation. In other words, this law has no impact on suppressing the number of underage marriages, and the increased age limit has increased the dispensation for marriage.

Pendidikan Seks bagi Anak dan Remaja: Perspektif Psikologi Islam

There are still many people who think that sex education is taboo, forbidden, and even something that is disgusting to talk about, especially in children and adolescents. In general, the purpose of sex education should be able to prevent the occurrence of sexsual criminal acts. Such as sexsual harassment, pregnancy outside of marriage and even abortion. It is the same with the purpose of sex education in islam is to maintain the safety and honor and sanctity of our children in the midst of society. According to psychology introduce sex education as early as possible for the child is better. Islam actually had to explain about sex education in the Qur’an and Sunnah. Where explained that sex education is not something that is taboo and should start from young children. The important thing to remember when giving sex education is to be in accordance with the child’s age and level of intelligence. In this paper will be presented on several ways to teach sex education in accordance with Islamic psychology perspective.

The Legal Annalysis of Married Dispensation in The Perspective of Law Number 35 of 2014 Concerning Childhood Protection

The research method used in this research is Normative Empirical research, Empirical Normative research type. The purpose of this research is to know the determination of the marriage dispensation seen from the child protection law and to know the judges' considerations in determining the marriage dispensation what is seen from the child protection law The results of this study indicate that the determination of the dispensation of marriage, seen from the Child Protection Law, can be seen from two things, namely, first, the application for dispensation is in accordance with recommendations and benefits for children in applying for dispensation so that judges in deciding applications always pay attention to benefits. Second is the Factor Causing Marriage Dispensation Which, when viewed from the Child Protection Law, is the factor of children who really want to get married due to sexual misconduct and pregnancy outside of marriage and the factor of concern about religious law where religion is a reference for enjoying even underage children.

PREDISPOSISI KRIMINAL TINDAK PIDANA PERZINAHAN DAN ABORSI DALAM PELAKSANAAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 61 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI.

This paper contains a discussion of predisposition or contradiction in laws and regulations governing the crime of adultery with the implementation of abortion. Adultery and abortion are criminal acts that are victimless in nature or crimes with mutual agreement and without victims. In positive Indonesian law, adultery is only considered a criminal act when one or both of the perpetrators are married people or in our society it is known as an affair or gathering. kebo. This is very contrary to Islamic law and laws that live in society or customary law as stated in the Pancasila. As a result, a pregnancy outside of wedlock or an unwanted pregnancy may result from this adulterous relationship. When a pregnancy outside of marriage occurs, the psychological condition of both parties is disturbed and eventually not a few decide to take the path of abortion, especially teenagers, even though at the risk of losing their life. Even though by law abortion is allowed, but even then it must be subject to rules, conditions and supervision. strictly carried out by competent parties as designated by law. The formulation of the article on adultery in Indonesian legislation is still unclear, especially for the act of adultery committed by two men and women who are neither married to any party. However, sexual behavior is risky or between other pre-marital sexual behavior according to Article 11 of Government Regulation no. 61 of 2014 concerning Reproductive Health to prevent and protect adolescents from these acts because it is clear that they have a bad impact both physically and psychologically. This is where there is a conflict between Indonesia's positive law, namely between Article 284 of the Criminal Code and Article 11 of Government Regulation no. 61 of 2014 concerning Reproductive Health. Meanwhile, the adultery article as mentioned above has been clearly stated in Article 240 of the Draft Criminal Code, but so it has not been ratified for certain reasons. Among the efforts to prevent the crime of adultery and abortion is the enforcement of the substance, structure and culture of law in Indonesia.