Predictors Of Slow Coronary Flow Research Articles

Evaluation of the relationship between clinical and laboratory risk factors in atherosclerosis patients with coronary slow flow: a case–control analysis

BackgroundCoronary slow flow (CSF) is an angiographic entity distinguished by the delayed filling of the epicardial coronary arteries in the lack of significant obstructive artery disease. The pathological causes are still unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between clinical and laboratory-related risk factors in atherosclerosis patients diagnosed with CSF.ResultsThe research encompassed a study group of 142 individuals, with a mean age of 52.47 ± 10.62, and a male representation of 47.7%. A thorough statistical analysis was conducted, indicating that there were no noteworthy variations in age, gender, smoking history, hematocrit, blood sugar, and HDL levels between the groups of cases and controls (P > 0.05). Subsequent analysis of the data indicated that there were significant differences in history of hypertension, LDL, and BMI measurements between the groups of subjects who were designated as cases and those who were designated as controls. Our study revealed that male gender, a history of hypertension, and BMI were identified as independent predictors of CSF (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAfter modeling regression, we were able to conclude that male gender, BMI, and history of hypertension are reliable predictors of slow coronary flow. These findings add to our growing understanding of the complex interplay between clinical and laboratory risk factors in the development and progression of CSF.

Plasma atherogenic indices are independent predictors of slow coronary flow

BackgroundAlthough the pathophysiology of coronary slow flow (CSF) has not been fully elucidated, emerging data increasingly support potential role for subclinical diffuse atherosclerosis in the etiology of CSF. We aimed to investigate relationship between atherogenic indices and CSF.Methods130 patients with CSF diagnosed according to Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-frame count (TFC) method and 130 controls who had normal coronary flow (NCF) were included in this retrospective study. Atherogenic indices (atherogenic index of plasma [AIP], Castelli risk indices I and II [CRI-I and II]) were calculated using conventional lipid parameters.ResultsThe logistic regression analyses demonstrated that AIP (OR, 5.463; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.357–21.991; p = 0.017) and CRI-II (OR, 1.624; 95% CI, 1.138–2.319; p = 0.008) were independent predictors of CSF. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value to predict the occurrence of CSF was 0.66 for AIP (sensitivity, 59%; specificity, 73%; area under curve [AUC], 0.695; p < 0.001) and 3.27 for CRI-II (sensitivity, 60%; specificity, 79%; AUC, 0.726; p < 0.001).ConclusionsAIP and CRI-II levels were independent predictors of CSF. Prospective studies in larger cohorts of patients may elucidate the role of atherogenic dyslipidemia in the pathophysiology of CSF.

Relationship between the endothelium biomarkers endocan and thrombomodulin and slow coronary flow

Background: Growing evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the pathophysiology of Slow Coronary Flow (SCF). This study investigated the association between endothelial biomarkers endocan and soluble Thrombomodulin (sTM) and SCF. Methods: The study population consisted of 89 subjects (54 patients with SCF and 35 controls). Coronary flow rate was assessed using the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Frame Count (TFC) method. The serum endocan and sTM levels of all subjects were analysed. Results: Significantly higher endocan levels (1.14 ± 0.22 vs. 0.96 ± 0.32 ng/ml; p=0.009) and sTM levels (657.06 ± 198.18 vs. 592.76 ± 128.45 pg/ml; p=0.119) were observed in the SCF group relative to the control group. A positive correlation was detected between endocan and TFC (r=0.563; p=0.016). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed endocan as a predictor of SCF. Conclusions: The endocan level in SCF patients was significantly higher than in controls and the sTM level was also increased, although the difference was not significant. These results suggest that endocan may serve as a biomarker to predict SCF.

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio: a novel and simple predictor of slow coronary flow

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio: a novel and simple predictor of slow coronary flow

PP-293 Predictors of Slow Coronary Flow in a Multivariate Model

PP-293 Predictors of Slow Coronary Flow in a Multivariate Model

Plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine, nitric oxide and homocysteine in patients with slow coronary flow

Objectives. Slow coronary flow (SCF) is slow progression of contrast agent in the coronary arteries in the absence of stenosis in epicardial coronary vessels. Endothelial dysfunction and diffuse atherosclerosis have been proposed for the etiology of SCF. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, levels are associated with an increased risk of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. ADMA levels may be increased by homocysteine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ADMA, nitric oxide and homocysteine in patients with SCF. Methods. The study group consisted of 50 patients with SCF. An age- and gender-matched control group was composed of 30 patients with normal coronary arteries and normal coronary flow on coronary angiography. We measured ADMA, nitric oxide and homocysteine plasma concentrations in all patients. Results. Plasma nitric oxide concentrations were significantly lower in the SCF group than in the control group (11.4 ± 6, 16.1 ± 9, p = 0.02). Plasma ADMA concentrations (0.9 ± 0.3, 0.7 ± 0.3, p = 0.01) and plasma homocysteine concentrations (12.4 ± 5, 9.8 ± 2, p = 0.03) were significantly higher in the SCF group than control group. The mean TIMI frame count (TFC) was significantly correlated with plasma ADMA (r = 0.26, p = 0.02) and homocysteine (r = 0.28, p = 0.02) concentrations, but not with nitric oxide concentrations (r = − 0.18, p = 0.13). In linear regression analysis, plasma ADMA concentrations (β = 4.6, p = 0.005) and homocysteine concentrations (β = 0.2, p = 0.03) were independently and positively associated with mean TFC. Conclusion. Our results suggest that plasma concentrations of ADMA and homocysteine are increased in SCF and also that these are independent predictors of SCF.