Predictors Of Risky Sexual Behavior Research Articles

Prevalence and Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior in HIV-Infected Adolescents: A Study from Kaduna, Nigeria

Background: The prevalence of risky sexual behavior among HIV-infected adolescents is a public health challenge, especially in regions with a high HIV burden like Sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores the prevalence and predictors of such behaviors among adolescents receiving care in a youth-friendly clinic in Kaduna, Nigeria. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary hospital's youth-friendly clinic, we analyzed data from 200 HIV-infected adolescents aged 13 to 19 years. The revised Risky Sexual Behaviour Questionnaire (RSBQ) provided comprehensive data, which was subjected to logistic regression analysis to identify significant predictors of risky sexual behaviors. Results: The study found a 45% prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among participants. Logistic regression analysis indicated significant predictors including male gender (OR = 2.1), lower education level (OR = 2.5), and poor HIV-related knowledge (OR = 2.8). Conclusions: Nearly half of the HIV-infected adolescents engaged in risky sexual practices, with significant predictors identified across gender, education, and HIV knowledge domains. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted educational and behavioral interventions tailored to this vulnerable population.

Prevalence and Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior Among Young Men in India: Evidence From National Family Health Survey

Objective The study examines the prevalence and factors associated with high-risk sexual behavior among sexually active young Indian men. Methods This study used samples of 14,584 men aged 15 to 29 from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019–21. Results 14% of men engaged in early sexual debut (<18 years), 68% had unprotected sex, and 4% had multiple sexual partners in the past 12 months. Age, marital status, educational attainment, occupation, wealth quintile, alcohol consumption, internet use, media exposure, and region were significant predictors of risky sexual behavior. Conclusions We suggest a tailored approach for effective policy design considering risk factors of risky sexual behavior.

A cross-sectional study of prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behavior among school-going adolescents in Mbarara municipality, Uganda.

Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa are at a greater risk of experiencing the adverse consequences of risky sexual behavior such as unwanted pregnancy and school drop-out than adolescents from other regions. This study determined the prevalence and identified the demographic, school and social factors associated with risky sexual behavior among secondary school students in Uganda. This was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in 12 secondary schools in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. A self-reported questionnaire was used to estimate the prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behavior among the students. Out of the 910 students, 314 (34.6%) were sexually active and almost two in every ten adolescents had engaged in risky sexual behavior 171 (18.8%). About 27 (8.7%) had been pregnant or impregnated their sexual partner while 143 (45.6%) used condoms consistently. Risky sexual behavior was associated with age, gender of the student as well as alcohol consumption, smoking and substance use. Most of the participants were not sexually active, however, among the sexually active students, more than half engaged in risky sexual behavior. This finding suggests the need to introduce comprehensive sex education with a focus on safe sex practices in secondary schools in Uganda.

Longitudinal Examination of Sexual Risk Behavior in College Students With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The present study sought to identify differences in the rates and predictors of risky sexual behavior among college students with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Current ADHD diagnosis, medication status among those with ADHD, executive functioning, substance use, comorbid anxiety, comorbid depression, and gender were identified as potential predictors of increased risky sexual behavior. Multiple group latent growth curve modeling was used to estimate trajectories of risky sexual behavior across four years of college among college students with ADHD (nmedicated = 99, nunmedicated = 105) and a comparison group (n = 217) recruited from colleges throughout the eastern United States (M age = 18.23 years, 53% female, 70% White). First-year college students with ADHD reported significantly higher rates of sexual risk behavior than their peers without ADHD, with no significant differences found based on medication status. Students with ADHD who were taking medication for ADHD reported significant decreases in risky sexual behavior over time. Among college students with ADHD, anxiety was related to increased current risky sexual behavior in the medicated group, while depression was predictive of decreased future risky sexual behavior in the unmedicated group. Alcohol and cannabis use were significantly associated with increased mean levels of risky sexual behavior across all three groups, and cannabis use was associated with decreased future risky sexual behavior within the comparison group. Executive functioning deficits and male gender were predictive of risky sexual behavior within the comparison group. The results demonstrate that college students with ADHD, regardless of medication status, are at an increased likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behavior.

Condutas sexuales de riesgo entre estudiantes universitarios

Introduction: risky sexual behaviors are defined as any sexual activity that increases the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies, they also include sexual relations with multiple sexual partners, not using or using condoms inconsistently, sexual relations under the influence of substance use. Being the university population one of the most affected. Aim: determine what are the risky sexual behaviors among university students. Method: The type of study of the present investigation is based on the non-experimental, descriptive model, of the bibliographic review type. Results: behaviors that may be considered RSC are the following: unprotected sex, sex under the influence of substances, sex with people who use drugs, multiple sexual partners, early initiation of sexual relations, and sexual relations with sex workers, paid sex or casual sex. Conclusions: the large number of factors related to RSC creates the need to achieve interventions for risk groups, for this we can rely on the predictors of risky sexual behaviors and improvement in sexual health centers, this could result in a significant drop in morbidity and mortality associated with risky sexual behaviors.

Factors associated with risky sexual behaviour among sexually experienced undergraduates in Osun state, Nigeria.

Risky sexual behavior (RSB) is common among youths which predispose them to sexually transmitted infections. This study sets out to identify the factors associated with RSB among undergraduates in Osun state. The study design was descriptive cross sectional and a total of 550 respondents from two universities in Osun state were sampled using a multistage sampling technique, out of which data from 266 sexually experienced respondents was further analyzed. Data collected via a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. The 266 respondents consisted of 54.5% males and 45.5% females and larger percentage of them were in the age group 15-24years. Seven out of ten respondents (69.9%) were sexually active while 65.8% were involved in at least one RSB. Of the 266 respondents, 28.6% ever had concurrent multiple sexual partners, 15.8% used alcohol/drugs at last sex while 48.1% did not use condom at last sex. More males (71.7%), alcohol users (76.8%), drug users (78.0%), pornography watchers (82.7%), internet users (71.2%) respondents "not in good terms with mum" (86.7%) and "those whose mum doesn't instruct them morally" (84.2%) were involved in RSB compared to their respective counterparts (p<0.05). However, there were no identifiable predictors of RSB on regression analysis. Risky Sexual Behavior is prevalent among undergraduates with males being more involved, among other associated factors. Concerned stakeholders should engage youths via behavioral change communication strategies so as to significantly reduce their involvement in RSB.

Predictors of risky sexual behavior among students aged 15 to 24 years in the Suhum municipality, Eastern region of Ghana

Background Sexual behavior among youths has been a focus of health programmes worldwide. Risky sexual behaviors among youth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) predispose them to HIV infection. The current study determined the predictors of risky sexual behavior among students aged 15–24 years in the Suhum Municipality, Ghana guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods The study employed a cross-sectional design, collecting data using a structured pretested questionnaire and analyzing them using SPSS version 20 software program at the level 0.05. Results The overall prevalence of risky sexual behavior was 59.1% among the participants. None of the constructs of the HBM was statistically associated with risky sexual behavior. However, participants who perceived that they were at risk of contracting HIV and who perceived HIV/AIDS to have severe consequences were more likely to practice safe sexual behavior. Conclusion Health promotion programmes should aim at increasing youths’ perception of the threat posed by HIV/AIDS.

Sexual-Related Contents In Music Videos And Associated Risky Sexual Behaviour among Undergraduate Students in a Nigerian University.

Many young people are frequently exposed to a large number of sexual contents in music videos. Constant exposure to sexual-related contents is perceived to affect their Risky Sexual Behaviour (RSB) significantly because this group is influenced by what they observe during this stage of their development. This study investigated the relationship between exposure to sexually related contents of most Nigerian Popular Music Videos (NPMVs) and associated risky sexual behaviour among undergraduates of a Nigerian university. This study was a cross-sectional survey, and a multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 430 undergraduates. Mixed methods were adopted for data collection. Significantly related to RSB were age (r = 0.130), sex (?2= 4.965), sexual content exposure from NPMVs (r = 0.451), and perception towards increasing sexual contents in NPMVs (r = 0.321). Nigerian Popular Music Videos influenced 27% of RSB among young people while watching NPMVs (?=0.656), frequency of watching NPMVs (?=0.149), hours spent watching (?=0.525), and sexual content of NPMVs (?= 0.287) were predictors of RSB. The FGD discussants confirmed that exposure to sexual contents of NPMVs influenced risky sexual behaviour such as indecent dressing, sexually explicit speech, dance styles and casual sex. Nigerian Popular Music Videos should be leveraged for communicating healthy sexual messages, and existing health education programmes in school settings should be reviewed to promote safe sexual behaviours.

Peer Pressure and Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour among in-School Adolescents in Makurdi Local Government

Peer Pressure and Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour among in-School Adolescents in Makurdi Local Government

Risky sexual behaviours among women of reproductive age in a high HIV burdened township in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

BackgroundDespite several intervention programmes in South Africa, risky sexual behaviours among women of reproductive age remain a public health concern, making them vulnerable to unintended pregnancies and/or sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of risky sexual behaviours among women of reproductive age in a high HIV-burden township in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 471 women of reproductive age (18–49 years, mean: 25.83) in 10 public health clinics in Umlazi Township, responded to a structured questionnaire. Data were coded, entered into Epi Data Manager and exported to Stata for analysis. A Pearson Chi-square tests and logistic regression models (bivariate and multivariate) were employed to assess the level of the association between the predictor and outcome variables and the p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMore than half (51.80%) of the women were aged 18–24 years and only a handful (18.26%) had a tertiary qualification. The majority were single (88.96%) and the unemployed accounted for 53.50%. This study found that women who had talked about condoms with their partner in the past 12 months were more likely (p = < 0.0001) to have used condoms during their last sexual intercourse. Older women (p = 0.035) were more likely to have used a condom at last sex, compared to younger women. However, women who were exposed to physical partner violence (hitting and/or slapping), those who had been diagnosed with HIV and those whose sexual partners were diagnosed with HIV, did not show a significant association with condom use at last sex.ConclusionExposure to physical partner violence and poor partner discussions about condoms are key deterrents to condom usage. Holistic interventions are required in order to address the risky behaviours, and consequently reduce sexually transmitted infections and/or unintended pregnancies.

Eliciting Social Cultural Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nigeria.

The thrust of this paper was to elicit socio-cultural predictors of risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria .Socio-cultural parameters were seen to be those factors in the social environment that influences behaviour. The socio-cultural theory believes that people learn through interactions within the socio-cultural environment and such interaction includes; home (parental influence, social economical status of family), peers and culture (religious practices, age norms, and gender issues). This paper further examines these factors and how they predict risky sexual behaviour such as early marriage ,non utilization of contraception, early sex initiation, induced abortions, having multiple sex partners, sex under the influence of alcohol, and indulging in sex for financial and material gains, among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that socio-cultural environment is a strong predictor of adolescent and young adult sexual risk behavior in Nigeria. Thus it was recommended that social cultural environment should be shaped for optimum reproductive health behaviour among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria.

Eliciting Social Cultural Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nigeria

Eliciting Social Cultural Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nigeria

Demographic Variables as Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour among University Students in South East, Nigeria

Demographic Variables as Predictors of Risky Sexual Behaviour among University Students in South East, Nigeria

Prevalence and personal predictors of risky sexual behaviour among in-school adolescents in the Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Risky sexual behaviour increases the vulnerability of an adolescents to reproductive health problems like sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancy and abortion. This study therefore investigated the prevalence and personal predictors of risky sexual behaviour among in-school adolescents in the Ikenne Local Government Area, of Ogun State, Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 716 participants for the study. A validated semi-structured questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha score of 0.78 was used to collect data. Frequency and logistic regression analysis were conducted to give statistical responses to the research question and hypotheses using SPSS version 23. The mean age of the participants was 15.2 ± 1.4 years and 57.3% of the respondents were female. Above a quarter (35.5%) of the respondents were in senior secondary one (SS1) in high school. More than half (53.1%) of the respondents had a good level of knowledge about risky sexual behaviour and 54% of the respondents had a fair perception of it. The respondents' attitudes towards risky sexual behaviour was moderately high (61.2%). The respondents had moderately high (63.7%) self-esteem. The prevalence of risky sexual behaviour was 19.2%. The personal predictors of risky sexual behaviour are age [odds ratio (OR) = 3.21; p < 0.05); gender [OR = 1.86; confidence interval (CI): 1.26-2.69; p < 0.05]; perception (OR = 2.58; CI: 1.55-4.30; p < 0.05); attitude (OR = 4.58; CI: 1.61-13.05; p < 0.05); self-esteem (OR = 7.39; p < 0.05). In conclusion, the respondents' risky sexual behaviours are predicted by age, gender, attitude, perception and self-esteem. The study therefore recommends that educational materials about the negative effects of the risky sexual behaviours should be included in the curriculum of secondary schools.

Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior among High School Students in the United States

ABSTRACT Risky sexual behavior among teenagers in the United States is a noted public health concern. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlates and theoretical predictors of risky sexual behavior among American teens. Data from the Youth Risk Behavioral Survey was utilized with concepts from Routine Activities Theory guiding analyzes. Bivariate regression results indicated that components of Routine Activities Theory are moderate to strong predictors of using substances before sexual activity and having multiple sexual partners.

Is There Association between Risky Sexual Behaviors and Depression Symptoms among Youth? A Case of Jimma University Students, Ethiopia.

Background Risky Sexual Behaviors (RSB) and Depression symptoms expose young people to various reproductive health problems including sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. To date the link between these two major public health problems lacks empirical evidence in the context of higher education institutions in Ethiopia. Objective The aim of this study was to assess association between risky sexual behavior and depression symptoms among Jimma University main campus students, Jimma, Ethiopia, 2016. Methods An institution based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted. A pre-tested questionnaire and modified Beck Depression Inventory II were administered to 700 students, selected by multi-stage stratified sampling, from the main campus of Jimma University. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze possible confounders. Presence of crude association between the dependent and independent variables was detected by bivariate logistic regression analysis. Variables with p value < 0.25 in bivariate analysis were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression to exclude the confounders. Adjusted odd ratios with 95%CI were computed to examine depression symptoms and other independent variables as predictors of RSB. Results RSB were reported by 30.2% students. Out of 222 (33.6%) students with depression symptoms 105 (47.3%) reported RSB. Students with moderate depression symptoms are nearly two times more likely to experience risky sexual behavior than students with no depression symptoms (AOR 1.9, 95% CI: 1-3.1). Students with severe depression symptoms are nearly two and half times more likely to experience RSB than students with no depression symptoms counterparts (AOR 2.6, 95%CI: 1.3- 5.1). Conclusion RSB were high among students with depression symptoms in the main campus of Jimma University. To help students overcome the challenges, recommendation was given for concerted action from the University, governmental and NGO, and the surrounding community to establish support services and various reproductive and mental health awareness programs within the campus.

Cognitive and behavioural determinants of multiple sexual partnerships and condom use in South Africa: Results of a national survey.

BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risky behaviours including multiple sexual partnership (MSP) and non-condom use (nCU) are known to be drivers of the spread of HIV; cognitive factors including perceived susceptibility of HIV, self-efficacy and attitudes play a significant role in influencing risky sexual behaviours.ObjectivesWe sought to investigate personal beliefs, perceptions, thoughts and actions that are associated with MSP and nCU in South Africa.MethodsWe analysed nationally representative data from the 2012 National HIV Communication Survey (NCS) that included about 10 000 participants aged 16–55 years. Five constructs were created to measure psychosocial and cognitive determinants. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency reliability was calculated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with MSP and nCU.ResultsOf the 6061 sexually active respondents, 13% (95% CI: 11.47–13.12) reported MSP and 52.7% (n = 3158 of 6039) (95% CI: 51.0–53.55) nCU at last sex. Factors associated with MSP included perceived benefits, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.16 (95% CI: 1.80–2.58), perceived susceptibility to HIV, aOR = 2.22 (95% CI: 1.83–2.69) and engaging in intergenerational sex, aOR = 2.14 (95% CI: 1.78–2.56). Predictors of nCU were perceived benefits, aOR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.09–1.43); perceived susceptibility to HIV, aOR = 1.6 (95% CI: 1.39–1.83); and personal beliefs, aOR = 1.35 (95% CI: 1.13–1.62).ConclusionCognitive and behavioural factors were found to be predictors of risky sexual behaviours for HIV. This highlights the importance of considering personal perception and reasoning when attempting to understand and influence an individual’s sexual behaviour. This could be done through enhancing awareness of HIV risk in the general population and by influencing cognitive behaviour change through community mobilisation, advocacy and creating activities to improve self-esteem.

Parent–Child Relationship Quality and Internalizing Problems as Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior

Risky sexual behavior is more prevalent in emerging adult populations and emerging adults engaging in risky sexual behavior also may be experiencing higher levels of internalizing problems. Parents and their relationships with their children maintain relevance in emerging adulthood and may decrease negative outcomes. Thus, the current study examined whether parent–child relationship quality decreased the likelihood of risky sexual behavior via internalizing problems and examined gender dyads between parents and children. Participants included 502 emerging adults (172 males and 330 females) ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. Structural equation modeling analyses were conducted and indicated that internalizing problems mediated the relationship between parent (both paternal and maternal)–child relationship quality and risky sexual behavior for both males and females. Maternal–child relationship quality predicted lower internalizing problems more strongly for males than for females, suggesting moderated mediation. Thus, both mothers’ and fathers’ relationship with their children may affect risky sexual behavior indirectly via internalizing problems.

Social Ecological Predictors of Risky Sexual Behavior Among Young Adults

Most studies on sexual behavior outcomes are restricted to adolescents. However, rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are highest among young adults. This study examined social–ecological predictors in adolescence that predict risky sexual behavior in young adulthood. Using longitudinal data, logistic regression was used to determine social–ecological factors that predict early sexual debut and a high number of lifetime sexual partners among 3,109 young adults. Risk-taking was associated with early sexual debut and a high number of lifetime sexual partners. Father–child connectedness decreased the odds of early sexual debut and a high number of lifetime sexual. School connectedness also decreased the odds of early sexual debut and a high number of lifetime sexual. There was no relationship between mother–child connectedness and the risky sexual behavior. The influence of childhood factors may encompass young adulthood. Personality traits could be used by programs aimed at preventing STD–related behaviors to characterize those at higher risk for risky sexual behavior. These programs also could be more effective by developing approaches that foster parent–child connectedness, and by gaining a greater understanding of the mechanisms through which school connectedness protects against risky sexual behavior, which could decrease the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors, and subsequently lower the rates of STDs among young adults.

English

Most of the sexual initiation and sexual practice of the youth begins at secondary school level. At this stage student assumed to be exposed to many risky sexual behaviors. However, little research had been explored in the Oromia region particularly in East Wollega zone on this area. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess risky sexual behavior and associated factors among high school and preparatory school students from 1st October 2016 till October 30, 2016. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Focus group discussion was conducted to support the quantitative data. Probability proportionate to sample size (PPS) was used to determine the sample size for each grade 9-12. The data was coded and entered into a computer using SPSS version 16.0. Final model was fitted and P value less than 0.05 considered as statistical significance and independent predictor of risky sexual behavior. The results revealed that three hundred and twenty-four students participated in the study (response rate of 97.7%). In the past 12 months, 25.3% of students had sexual intercourse, 17.07% of them had more than one sexual partners and 11.9% of male students visited commercial sex workers. Family connectedness [AOR, 95%CI 0.73(0.67-0.89)], attitudes toward sex [AOR, 95%CI 1.22(1.04-1.43)], khat chewing [AOR, 95%CI 9.25(2.51-34.07)] and those that had been forced by classmates for sex [AOR, 95%CI 7.63(2.36-24.66)] were independent predictors of risky sexual behaviors. The study thus revealed that risky sexual behavior of school youth was increased by khat chewing, sexual coerciveness from classmates or teacher, positive attitudes toward sexual intercourse and reduced by high family connectedness alongside attending religious services regularly. In addition to parental connectedness and parental supervision intervention targeted on school youth like positive peer influence to encourage safer sexual behaviors among school youth is very important in reduction of risky sexual behaviors. Key words: Associated factors, risky, school adolescent, sexual behaviors.