Predictors Of Coping Research Articles

Predictors of Coping Strategies in Caregivers of Family Members with a Brain Tumor: A Correlational Study.

Brain tumor patients confront numerous challenges arising from diagnosis and treatment, and these impact the patient's physical, mental, and social functions at all levels. Primary informal caregivers assume a pivotal role in home-based patient care. Of particular importance are the coping strategies employed by family caregivers, as they can influence both their own health and the overall quality of home care. This study aimed to explore the associations among family function, caregiving competence, and coping strategies among primary informal caregivers. This study adopted a cross-sectional correlational design and convenience sampling to survey the primary informal caregivers of 111 brain tumor patients. The study instruments included the Family Assessment Device General Function, Caregiving Competence Scale, and Revised Ways of Coping Checklist. The findings of this study revealed a significant positive correlation between the family function of primary informal caregivers and their employment of emotion-focused coping (r = 0.209, p < 0.05). Furthermore, caregiving competence exhibited a positive association with problem-focused coping (r = 0.242, p < 0.05) and emerged as a significant predictor of problem-focused coping (β = 0.182, p < 0.05). However, neither family function (r = 0.059, p < 0.05) nor caregiving competence (r = 0.031, p < 0.05) demonstrated significant associations with total coping strategies. The findings of this study affirmed that enhancing the caregiving competence of primary informal caregivers of brain tumor patients can facilitate the adoption of problem-focused coping strategies.

Effectiveness of Integrative Structural Family Therapy and Double ABCX Model on Marital Adjustment and Parenting Stress Among Parents of Children with Autism: Randomized Controlled Trial

Marital adjustment is an important predictor of coping with stress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A randomized controlled trial conducted on 60 parents of children with ASD showed that integrative SFT and double ABCX therapy, conducted over ten sessions of multiple family therapy in group counseling for five weeks and a one-month follow-up at special needs children’s centers in Jordan, resulted in a 48% increase in marital adjustment and a 34% reduction in parenting stress. These therapies significantly improved the well-being of parents of children with autism, while the control group did not.

Predictors of National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) Alcohol Recovery among Individuals in Alcohol Treatment: Implications for Social Work.

The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's (NIAAA) definition of alcohol use disorder (AUD) recovery stipulates two criteria: remission from DSM-5 AUD and cessation of heavy drinking. Importantly, these criteria allow for consideration of nonabstinent alcohol treatment outcomes. However, researchers have yet to assess potential predictors of the NIAAA recovery outcome. The current study examined associations between mental health and coping predictors of NIAAA recovery status in an AUD treatment sample. At baseline (BL) and end-of-treatment (EOT) research interviews in a clinical trial, participants (N = 118) completed questionnaires assessing alcohol dependence, mental health, and confidence levels in reducing heavy drinking, as well as alcohol use and DSM-5 AUD symptom endorsement. Logistic regression models tested the associations between chosen predictors and the odds of achieving NIAAA recovery. Twenty-four percent of individuals (n = 28) met both criteria for NIAAA recovery at EOT. Higher levels of BL state anxiety and anxiety sensitivity predicted lower odds of achieving NIAAA recovery, while greater confidence to reduce heavy drinking predicted increased odds of NIAAA recovery. Social workers are encouraged to continue assessing and addressing mental health in AUD treatment to help individuals with alcohol problems achieve their AUD recovery goals.

Psychological readiness of football players for the match and its connection with self-esteem and competitive anxiety

For athletes, failure in a match is psychologically difficult. Since the movement abilities of athletes are often comparable, it is assumed that one of the key elements of victory is also their psychological readiness. Many experts recommend rigorously examining all factors affecting the performance of football players, especially in matches. The aim of our study is to determine whether a football player's coping with adversity, coachability, motivation to succeed, goal setting, peaking under pressure, or fear of failure are significantly predicted by their self-esteem or a specific aspect of competitive anxiety, which can be crucial for the direction of psychological preparation in collective sports. The research sample consisted of 107 male football players in the age range of 18–29 years registered with the Slovak Football Association, who actively participated in the team's matches. Football players filled out a booklet of psychological tests, including the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory, the Sport Anxiety Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The results of the regression analysis showed that the self-esteem of football players is a significant predictor of achievement motivation and their ability to listen to the coach's instructions. Along with the somatic component of anxiety, it also predicts goal-setting. Cognitive anxiety of football players, characterized by negative thoughts, turned out to be a significant predictor of coping with adversity during a football match and their peaking under pressure, and together with concentration disruption, it also predicts the ability of football players to free themselves from worries about what the audience thinks about their sporting performance in the match.

Exploring Hindu-Buddhist Philosophies: The Role of Quiet Ego and Non-Attachment in Fostering Resilience among Young Indians

Rooted in the profound philosophies of Hinduism and Buddhism, this research endeavors to meticulously examine the intricate interrelationships among resilience, the concept of a quiet ego, and non-attachment. The primary objective of this inquiry is to systematically elucidate the contributions of a quiet ego and non-attachment to the psychological well-being and adaptability of the contemporary younger generation confronted with a myriad of complex challenges. The aim is to discern the underlying traits that underpin resilience within the contextual framework of these venerable philosophical traditions. Central to this investigation is the transcendence of the ‘ego’ or ‘Ahaṁkāra’ in Hindu philosophy, wherein the cultivation of a self-concept that is less self-centered and more psychologically flexible assumes paramount significance in navigating adversities. Concurrently, the Buddhist principle of ‘Non-Attachment’ and its Hindu counterpart, ‘Anasakti,’ advocate for relinquishing fixations, material possessions, and desired outcomes. Embracing a psychological stance characterized by acceptance, impermanence, and liberation from life’s tumultuous nature, these principles acquire particular relevance in the Indian context. The contemporary link between a quiet ego, non-attachment, and psychological distress underscores the detrimental impact of excessive self-focus on health, as elucidated by Tayal et al. (2020). To empirically test our proposition, we recruited 200 respondents (20-25 years) from urban regions of India. Utilizing the Quiet Ego scale (QES) (Wayment &amp; Bauer, 2014), Non-attachment scale (NA-7) (Sahdra et al., 2010), and Resilience scale (RS-14) (Wagnild &amp; Young, 1993), our statistical analyses unveiled a robust positive correlation between Quiet Ego (QE), Non-Attachment (NA), and resilience. Furthermore, our study delved into the predictive relationship between QE and NA on resilience, revealing a statistically significant model where both factors positively influenced resilience (p&lt;0.001). This underscores the crucial role of a quiet ego and practicing non-attachment as effective predictors of coping with life stressors. In the broader context, our findings emphasize integrating these concepts into contemplative practices and interventions for a culturally relevant and holistic approach to resilience enhancement. By exploring beyond Western paradigms and integrating principles from Indian Darshanas, such as the ‘Quiet Ego’ and ‘Non-Attachment,’ our research offers a clear and cohesive pathway to a more nuanced understanding of human resilience, facilitating effective coping strategies in the face of life’s challenges. This narrative underscores the profound potential of these cultural elements in cultivating resilience, providing valuable insights for both research and practical applications.

Personal Authenticity as a Predictor of Coping with Stress and the Possible Effect of Stress

Personal Authenticity as a Predictor of Coping with Stress and the Possible Effect of Stress

A long and resilient life: the role of coping strategies and variability in their use in lifespan among women

ABSTRACT Objectives Associations of stress-related coping strategies with lifespan among the general population are understudied. Coping strategies are characterized as being either adaptive or maladaptive, but it is unknown the degree to which variability in tailoring their implementation to different contexts may influence lifespan. Method Women (N = 54,353; Mage = 47) completed a validated coping inventory and reported covariate information in 2001. Eight individual coping strategies (e.g., Acceptance, Denial) were considered separately. Using a standard deviation-based algorithm, participants were also classified as having lower, moderate, or greater variability in their use of these strategies. Deaths were ascertained until 2019. Accelerated failure time models estimated percent changes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in predicted lifespan associated with coping predictors. Results In multivariable models, most adaptive and maladaptive strategies were associated with longer and shorter lifespans, respectively (e.g., per 1-SD increase: Active Coping = 4.09%, 95%CI = 1.83%, 6.41%; Behavioral Disengagement = −6.56%, 95%CI = −8.37%, −4.72%). Moderate and greater (versus lower) variability levels were similarly and significantly related to 8-10% longer lifespans. Associations were similar across age, racial/ethnic, residential income, and marital status subgroups. Conclusions Findings confirm the adaptive and maladaptive nature of specific coping strategies, and further suggest benefits from both moderate and greater variability in their use for lifespan among women.

Mapping Resilience: Structural Equation Modeling of Psychological Resilience in Multiple Sclerosis Care Partners.

Care partners are essential supports to individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Both negative and positive outcomes associated with the caregiving role have been reported. Psychological resilience may be an important factor influencing the MS caregiving experience, but an MS-specific model of care partner resilience has yet to be established. This study sought to explore an explicit model of MS care partner resilience. Cross-sectional data from 471 Canadian MS care partners were collected via an online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test measures within a hypothesized model of resilience. Resilience was measured using the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Following CFA, the hypothesized model was simplified due to the poor fit of several variables. The final model yielded a moderate SEM fit (χ2 = 6030.95, P < .01). Being a woman was associated with greater caregiving tasks (β = 0.53, P < .001) and poorer spiritual health (β = -0.35, P < .001). Spiritual health, but not caregiving tasks, had a positive impact on both positive (β = 0.48, P < .01) and negative coping (β = 0.49, P = .01). Quality of life and resilience did not have relationships with other variables in the model. However, quality of life had a positive, unidirectional influence on resilience (β = 0.83, P < .01). Our findings indicate that spiritual health is an important predictor of coping and should be further explored in MS care partners. Quality of life may act as a precursor to resilience within MS care partners. Further research and exploration into MS care partner resilience is warranted to confirm this exploratory model.

Better than expected? Predictors of coping with expectation violations in the communication about death and dying.

End-of-life (EOL) communication is often avoided, especially among young adults. Negative expectations concerning EOL conversations with relatives or significant others are one major reason. To investigate how best to violate negative expectations concerning EOL conversations by identifying predictors of coping with expectation violations in this context. Vignettes describing expectation violations in the context of EOL communication were presented to a sample of 261 university students. In a first experiment, the credibility of the expectation-disconfirming information was manipulated. In a second experiment, the valence of the disconfirming evidence was manipulated. As outcome measures, the subjective likelihood of two different responses to the expectation violation was assessed: (1) ignoring the disconfirming evidence (immunization) and (2) changing expectations (accommodation). Overall, participants experiencing a worse-than-expected event showed more immunization [F(1, 257) = 12.15, p < 0.001, ηp = 0.05], while participants experiencing a better-than-expected event showed more accommodation [F(1, 257) = 30.98, p < 0.001, ηp = 0.11]. Participants with higher fear of death [F(1, 257) = 12.24, p < 0.001, ηp = 0.05] as well as higher death avoidance tendencies [F(1, 257) = 17.16, p < 0.001, ηp = 0.06] showed less accommodation in response to a better-than-expected event. In general, young adults appear to update their expectations quickly in response to unexpectedly positive experiences in the context of EOL communication. However, individuals with higher fear of death and higher death avoidance tendencies appear to be at higher risk of maintaining negative expectations despite disconfirming evidence.

Patients’ well-being during the transition period after psychiatric hospitalization to school: insights from an intensive longitudinal assessment of patient–parent–teacher triads

BackgroundThe transition period after psychiatric hospitalization back to school is accompanied by various challenges, including a substantial risk for rehospitalization. Self-efficacy and self-control, as transdiagnostic variables and important predictors of coping with school demands, should be crucial factors for successful adaptation processes as well as an overall high well-being during school reentry. The present study therefore investigates how patients’ well-being develops during this period, and how it is related to patients’ self-control and academic self-efficacy, as well as parents’ and teachers’ self-efficacy in dealing with the patient.MethodsIn an intensive longitudinal design, daily ambulatory assessment measures via smartphone were collected with self-reports from the triadic perspective of 25 patients (Mage = 10.58 years), 24 parents, and 20 teachers on 50 consecutive school days, starting 2 weeks before discharge from a psychiatric day hospital (mean compliance rate: 71% for patients, 72% for parents and 43% for teachers). Patients answered daily questions between five and nine o'clock in the evening about their well-being, self-control, academic self-efficacy and about positive and negative events at school, as well as parents and teachers about their self-efficacy in dealing with the patient.ResultsMultilevel modeling revealed that on average, patients’ well-being and self-control decreased during the transition period, with trends over time differing significantly between patients. While patients’ academic self-efficacy did not systematically decrease over time, it did show considerable intra-individual fluctuation. Importantly, patients experienced higher well-being on days with higher self-control and academic self-efficacy as well as with higher parental self-efficacy. Daily teacher self-efficacy did not show a significant within-person relationship to daily patients’ well-being.ConclusionsWell-being in the transition period is related to self-control and self-efficacy of patients and their parents. Thus, addressing patients’ self-control and academic self-efficacy, as well as parental self-efficacy, seems promising to enhance and stabilize well-being of patients during transition after psychiatric hospitalization.Trial registration Not applicable, as no health care intervention was conducted.

Integration of self-efficacy in digital-based physical training in increasing physical activity of young women

This study aims to test the integration of self-efficacy into physical training digitally by increasing the physical activity of young women. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), by integrating self-efficacy in training and rehabilitation programs, has been used to address health problems. With the help of social support, a person's physical activity can be predicted. This study is based on the low physical activity of young women during the COVID-19 pandemic, which can affect the quality of health and social development. This study is an experimental study using a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The instrument used to collect the data is the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for young and middle-aged adults (15–19) and then processed with independent t test analysis techniques. The results of the average scores of knowledge, attitudes, and levels of physical activity in the control group did not differ markedly before and after the intervention. Whereas in the experimental group, the difference before and after the intervention was significant (t count = 6.9159; t table 1.6848 and 2.022; t count &gt; t table), and the average value of the aforementioned factors increased after the intervention. The results of this study revealed that the use of digital media in physical exercise with the integration of self-efficacy can increase the physical activity of young women, and digital media can be effective in improving health-based behaviors. Sociodemographic variables such as the level of motor skills appear to be significant predictors of self-efficacy for coping with sedentary behavior. Understanding self-efficacy predictors for coping with sedentary behavior can help physical education integrate the emotional dimensions of health into physical education interventions, identify groups based on level, customize messages, and prioritize resources in shaping pro-health behavior.&#x0D;

Communication and resilience as predictors of coping with stress. Differentiating role of the age of the examined adolescents

The planned research pursued two objectives. The first goal was to determine whether the selected variables: resilience and communication with peers, show a relationship with stress coping. The second to predict, based on selected variables, the coping with stress by adolescents divided by their age. Research conducted using the Adolescent Communicationwith Peers Scale (SKAR), the Resilience Measurement Scale (SPP-18) and the Coping Questionnaire in Stressful Situations (CISS) on a group of 546 adolescents divided into younger 1416 years of age. (37%) and older aged 1719 (63%) showed that the age of adolescents plays an important role in coping with stress. Among the predictors conducive to copingwith stress in the examined people, both in younger and older adolescents, there is openness in communication with peers. The sense of humour and openness to new experiences (dimension of resilience) showed a positive relationship in both the younger and the older group of adolescents. The general conclusion of the research is that mental resilience andopenness in peer relationships are conducive to undertaking task-oriented strategies of coping with stress by both younger and older adolescents.

Personal Authenticity as a Predictor of Coping with Stress and Possible Effect of the Stress

The importance of studying the phenomenon of personal authenticity as loyalty to one&amp;apos;s true Self is substantiated. Historical and cultural prototypes of this phenomenon are considered. The difference between the Eastern and Western traditions of understanding the true Self is noted: in the East, a person&amp;apos;s dialogue with the world was implied, whereas in the West — internal harmony was. Four basic oppositions are proposed to describe authenticity: to have vs to be (adaptation vs meaning); source vs effect vs epiphenomenon; molecular vs molar; internal vs external. The main function of authenticity is identified as monitoring the meaningfulness of life lived by a person in accordance with their unique calling. The contemporary descriptive and operationalized concepts of authenticity are compared; their limitations when transferred to Russian culture are noted. The original agent conception of authenticity is proposed, understood as a person&amp;apos;s loyalty to their individuality, the space-time context of their life and life-calling. The status of authenticity in this sense is a trait like sensitivity to situations. The agent conception is supported by the Moscow Authenticity Scale as the main standardized measurement tool. The resource role of authenticity in stress situations of various nature is discussed. Based on the data on the impact of negative life events obtained in various fields of psychology, a hypothetical model of the possible change and genesis of authenticity under the influence of stress is substantiated.

Stress Management Strategies Used by Nurses to Regain Energy at Work Place

Background: Nursing is known to be stressful. Stress detrimentally can influence job satisfaction, psychological well-being, and physical health. There is a need for increased understanding of the stress that nurses experience and how best to manage it. The best coping predictors of mental health were escape–avoidance, distancing, and self-control. Other significant predictors of mental health were support in the workplace, the number of years worked in the unit, and workload. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional study design was used to determine the stress level and coping strategies at tertiary care hospital. 120 nurses working at gastro, medical and surgical wards were selected as sample. Data was collected through the standardized well adopted 31 item questionnaires. Results: results revealed that only (62) 57% nurses are suffering from stress and the used different strategies to manage the stress such as Prayers 55%, Sleeping 9%, exercise 2%, Spending times with friends 5%, Silence during problem 2%, Plan for tour 8%, Music therapy 10%, Walking 1%, Painting 3%, Set prioritises to avoid stress7%. Conclusions: Thus, the process of identifying nurses’ coping with job stress which is linked with the deep and authentic experiences of nurses in relation to job stress, the hidden and visible factors, strategies and methods of nurses’ coping, and also the factors and conditions affecting the coping process of nurses, provide backgrounds and necessary knowledge in order to adopt strategies that reduce or control occupational stress and stressors.

Certain predictors of coping with stress in adolescents

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to search for variables that show a relationship with coping with stress as well as to search for the possibility of predicting a stress coping mechanism in the studied adolescents. Two questions were formulated in the study: Are mental resilience and communication with peers significant predictors of coping with stress in the studied group? To what extent will the analysed predictors explain individual strategies to cope with stress?Participants and procedureThe study involved three tools: the Resilience Measurement Scale (RMS-18), the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations Questionnaire (CISS), and the Scale of Communication of Adolescents with Peers (SCAP). The study was carried out on a randomly selected group of 546 adolescents. Due to the pandemic conditions prevailing at that time, the online form of data collection was used. Study tools along with the record were placed on the LimeSurvey platform, and then posted via Facebook on groups for adolescents, not only in secondary schools. Each subject could withdraw at any time without any negative consequences. The collected questionnaires are part of a larger empirical project.ResultsThe study results showed that open communication with peers as well as general resilience and the resilience factor opti-mistic attitude and energy had a positive relationship.ConclusionsThe general conclusion from the study is that mental resilience and openness in peer relationships are conducive to under-taking strategies of coping with stress in the studied adolescents.

Descriptive Study of Friendship Networks in Adolescents and Their Relationship with Self-Efficacy and Alcohol Consumption Using Social Network Analysis.

Alcohol is a widely used legal drug. Self-efficacy takes on great importance in an adolescent’s development. Levels of self-efficacy can contribute to the decision-making process of the adolescent. In this phase, a group of friends becomes increasingly important. Alcohol is present in different social aspects. Adolescents use alcohol as a social facilitator or as part of the development of their autonomy. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the structure of the friendship network, self-efficacy, and alcohol consumption in adolescents. Methods: We used an online platform with validated self-reported questionnaires to collect the data. The sample consisted of 195 adolescents aged between 16 and 18, from different educational centers in Bierzo (Spain). Results: It was found that 43.6% of the adolescents in our research were high-risk consumers. Significant differences were obtained in terms of self-efficacy and different network metrics. These networks were represented by considering the levels of alcohol consumption. In the friendship network, we observed how the central adolescents presented higher levels of self-efficacy and lower alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Self-efficacy is established as a predictor of coping and not consuming alcohol and adolescence as a crucial moment to implement prevention strategies. Social Network Analysis is a useful tool that provides an image of the context in which adolescents find themselves.

Predictors of Coping with Health-related Expectation Violations among University Students.

Objectives: Individuals often experience expectation violations related to the consumption of healthy food and physical activity and they may cope with expectation-disconfirming information by (1) ignoring the discrepancy (immunization), (2) increasing efforts to fulfill them (assimilation), or (3) changing their expectations (accommodation). We investigated whether valence, discrepancy magnitude, and controllability of the expectation disconfirming event predicted coping with expectation violations. Methods: A 2 (valence: positive vs negative) x 2 (discrepancy: larger vs smaller) x 2 (controllability: control vs no control) experimental design was implemented. Overall, we presented 297 university students with vignettes describing expectation violations and present different combinations of predictor levels. Results: Regarding physical activity, participants showed significantly higher accommodation when experiencing a better-than-expected event and showed significantly higher immunization when experiencing a worse-than-expected event. Regarding food consumption and physical activity, individuals experiencing lower discrepancy showed significantly higher immunization; individuals with control over the source of expectation disconfirmation showed significantly higher assimilation; and individuals without control over the source of expectation disconfirmation showed significantly higher accommodation.Conclusions: To promote the maintenance of healthy expectations, despite expectation violations, interventions could foster the perception of control as well as assimilative behavior.

Emotional, cognitive, and physical well-being during the wait for breast biopsy results

The experience of waiting for breast biopsy results can cause clinically significant levels of psychological distress. Objective This study is a replication and extension of previous work examining the well-being of patients at a breast biopsy appointment. Expanding on a previous study, we aim to identify predictors of well-being following the appointment (i.e. waiting for results). Design In this longitudinal study, female patients (N = 197) were surveyed at their breast biopsy appointments and then completed daily surveys assessing distress and coping during the week-long wait for results. Main Outcome Measures Surveys asked about patient characteristics, subjective health, cancer history, support availability, outcome expectations, and distress. Results/Conclusions Consistent with the previous study, health history and demographic factors were largely unassociated with distress, this time while waiting for biopsy results. Latina ethnicity emerged one of the few predictors of coping, pointing to opportunities for differential clinical interventions that take cultural factors into account. Finally, anxiety was highest at the beginning and end of the wait for biopsy results, suggesting that interventions may be most effective following a breast biopsy and the days prior to learning one’s result.

Academic stress and suicidal ideation: moderating roles of coping style and resilience

BackgroundAs a global phenomenon, suicide has generated a lot of concern. Scholars from various fields have conducted extensive research on the prevalence, causes, factors, and/or management or possible solutions to suicidal ideation. Despite the research efforts, suicidal cases worldwide still yell for more empirical attention. No doubt that some of the extant literature have specifically evidenced the causal links and factors in suicidal ideation. Yet, none had focused on the moderating roles of coping and resilience in an academic population. We therefore, examined the moderating roles of coping and resilience in the relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation.MethodWe used a cross-sectional design to sample 505 participants (329 males and 176 females) from three southern Nigerian universities. Participants who willingly indicated their participatory consent were administered a paper self-report questionnaire containing the Lakaev Academic Stress Response Scale (LASRS), Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), Brief COPE (B-COPE), and Resilience Scale (RS-14). Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses of the study.Academic stress (r = 0.17; p.001) was found to be positively associated with suicidal ideation, whereas resilience (r = −.22; p.001) was found to be negatively associated with suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation had no significant correlation with adaptive coping style, but it did have a significant correlation with maladaptive coping (r = .15; p.001). The regression-based PROCESS macro showed that academic stress was a significant predictor of coping [ΔR2 = .03, F (1, 502) = 16.18, p = .01]. Academic stress was positively associated with suicidal ideation at low or moderate levels of adaptive coping styles. At high levels of adaptive coping styles, the association between academic stress and suicidal ideation was not significant. However, resilience negatively predicted suicidal ideation [R = .29, (R2 = .08), F(1, 499) = 19.94, p = .00] with academic stress showing a positive association with suicidal ideation at low and moderate levels of resilience, but for those with high resilience, academic stress was not associated with suicidal ideation.In sum, suicidal ideation is heightened by increased academic stress, with greater resilience ameliorating the tendency of academic stress resulting in suicidal ideation. Also, adopting maladaptive ways of coping promotes suicidal ideation among students, with resilience and adaptive coping strategies moderating the relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation. It is therefore recommended that educational administrators, policy makers, lecturers, teachers, and tutors incorporate courses, teachings, and sessions that foster as well as inculcate resilience and efficient coping skills in pupils and students.

Prediction of Global Psychological Stress and Coping Induced by the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Machine Learning Study.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have enormous potential to deal efficiently with a wide range of issues that traditional sciences may be unable to address. Neuroscience, particularly psychiatry, is one of the domains that could potentially benefit from artificial intelligence and machine learning. This study aims to predict Stress and assess Coping with stress mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic and, therefore, help establish a successful intervention to manage distress. COVIDiSTRESS global survey data was used in this study and comprised 70 652 respondents after pre-processing. Binary classification is performed for predicting Stress and Coping with stress, while 2 ensemble machine learning algorithms, deep super learner and cascade deep forest, and state-of-the-art methods are explored for classification. Correlation attribute evaluation is used for feature significance. Statistical analysis, such as Cronbach's alpha, demographic statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent sample t-test, and 95% CI, is also performed. Globally, females, the younger population, and those in COVID-19 risk groups are observed to possess higher levels of stress. Trust, Loneliness, and Distress are found to be the primary predictors of Stress, whereas the significant predictors for coping with stress are identified as Social Provision, Extroversion, and Agreeableness. Deep super learner and cascade deep forest outperformed the state-of-the-art methods with an accuracy of up to 88.42%. By comparing different classifiers, we can conclude that multi-layer ensemble outperforms all. Another aim of this study, is the ability to regulate demographic and negative psychological states with a goal of medical interventions and to work towards building multiple coping strategies to reduce stress and promote resilience and recovery from COVID-19.