Predictive Power Of Test Research Articles

Behavior of laboratory dogs before and after rehoming in private homes_suppl

Although the rehoming of laboratory dogs has gained popularity, a scientific evaluation of the process is lacking. The behavior of 145 laboratory beagles was tested before leaving a research facility (Test 1). The new owners were then surveyed using a standardized telephone interview 1 week (n = 143) and 12 weeks (n = 126) after adoption. The behavior test was repeated with 68 dogs in their new homes 6 weeks after adoption (Test 2). The predictive power of Test 1 or Interview 1 on Test 2 or Interview 2, respectively, as well as the relevance of various factors was analyzed. We found no significant differences between Tests 1 and 2 regarding the behavior reactions. However, body language scores and heart rates changed significantly, indicating a more relaxed state of the dogs in their new homes. The interviews revealed a significant change toward desired behavior in most dogs within the 11 week period (p < 0.0001). The main behavior problems included separation problems (28%; n = 126), destroying objects (24%), and not being housebroken (39%). Owners of 9 dogs returned the animals, resulting in a rehoming success rate of 94%. Test 1 revealed a significant age effect (p = 0.0066), with younger and older dogs reaching higher scores than dogs who were approximately 2 years old. Dogs that had been born and reared in the research facility scored higher than dogs that had originally been acquired from a commercial breeder (p = 0.0257). The predictive power of Test 1 on Test 2 or Interview 1 on Interview 2 was moderate to low, respectively. Altogether, rehoming of laboratory dogs is a valuable alternative to euthanasia.

Behavior of laboratory dogs before and after rehoming in private homes.

Although the rehoming of laboratory dogs has gained popularity, a scientific evaluation of the process is lacking. The behavior of 145 laboratory beagles was tested before leaving a research facility (Test 1). The new owners were then surveyed using a standardized telephone interview 1 week (n = 143) and 12 weeks (n = 126) after adoption. The behavior test was repeated with 68 dogs in their new homes 6 weeks after adoption (Test 2). The predictive power of Test 1 or Interview 1 on Test 2 or Interview 2, respectively, as well as the relevance of various factors was analyzed. We found no significant differences between Tests 1 and 2 regarding the behavior reactions. However, body language scores and heart rates changed significantly, indicating a more relaxed state of the dogs in their new homes. The interviews revealed a significant change toward desired behavior in most dogs within the 11 week period (p < 0.0001). The main behavior problems included separation problems (28%; n = 126), destroying objects (24%), and not being housebroken (39%). Owners of 9 dogs returned the animals, resulting in a rehoming success rate of 94%. Test 1 revealed a significant age effect (p = 0.0066), with younger and older dogs reaching higher scores than dogs who were approximately 2 years old. Dogs that had been born and reared in the research facility scored higher than dogs that had originally been acquired from a commercial breeder (p = 0.0257). The predictive power of Test 1 on Test 2 or Interview 1 on Interview 2 was moderate to low, respectively. Altogether, rehoming of laboratory dogs is a valuable alternative to euthanasia.

Caries Prediction by Multiple Salivary Mutans Streptococcal Counts in Caries–Free Children with Different Levels of Fluoride Exposure, Oral Hygiene and Sucrose Intake

The aims of this study were to assess whether multiple salivary mutans streptococcal (ms) counts have a higher predictive power than a single one, and whether the predictive power of the test is different at different levels of fluoride exposure, oral hygiene and sucrose consumption. Three salivary ms tests were performed at 3–month intervals (positive test: salivary ms ≥5×10⁵ cfu/ ml) on a sample of 304, initially caries–free, 6– to 7–year–olds. Plaque index was also assessed and the parents filled out a questionnaire concerning sucrose–containing eating events and fluoride exposure. Sensitivity, specificity and Youden's index (J) were used to compare the predictive power. Thirty–six percent of the children developed caries during the 2–year follow–up. The highest J value for a single ms test (the second) was 0.24 (sensitivity 29.1%, specificity 95.4%). The multiple ms test with the highest J value (0.29) was obtained by the dichotomies 0 vs. 1–3 positive tests (sensitivity 50.0%, specificity 79.9%) and 0–1 vs. 2–3 positive tests (sensitivity 31.8%, specificity 97.4%). The predictive power of the multiple test was passable for children with low fluoride exposure and high plaque index (sensitivity 57.4%, specificity 93.7%, J 0.51), while it was low for the other groups. Sucrose exposure did not significantly affect the predictive power of the ms test.sion.