Life was straightforward during the Cold War. There were the big guys in the bi-polar strategic stand-off—the United States and the Soviet Union—and there were the little guys: the Eastern European countries, such as Poland, Hungary, and Yugoslavia; Chile in Latin America; Spain in Southern Europe; Sweden in Scandinavia; Israel in the Middle East; and Singapore in the Far East. All these countries, big or small, capitalist or communist, possessed comprehensive and diversified defense industrial bases. However, times have changed, and in some senses they have changed dramatically. More than anything else, economics does not favor small countries. Previously, Cold War doctrine was premised on mass formations of artillery, main battle groups of tanks and combat aircraft located on the Central European front. In the twenty-first century, these formations have disappeared. Militaries have been transformed by the need to respond to new, emerging, asymmetrical threats arising anywhere across the globe, a shift that is captured under the umbrella term of the “Revolution in Military Affairs” (RMA). Contemporary doctrine focuses on high-intensity warfare, characterized by sophisticated defense systems, such as telemetry and cruise missiles, fiber optic technologies, sensors, modern telecommunication systems, “stealth” coatings of modern weapon platforms, light-weight composite materials, and the miniaturization of technologies in, for instance, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Under this new RMA-driven doctrine, there is an emphasis on heavy-lift aircraft, such as Europe’s A400M and the US’s C-17, to rapidly respond to “hot” wars across the world. UAVs have been deployed on reconnaissance, surveillance, and intelligence duties, often acting as “shooters.” Just as important, laser-guided precision munitions delivered by computer-programmed cruise missiles have proved highly effective in minimizing collateral damage, removing entirely the danger of losing aircraft crews. This “Revolution in Military Affairs,” then, has transformed the architecture of battlefield weapon systems, representing a networked systems-of-systems model, linking simultaneously a networked family of space-based satellites, land-based weapons systems, and global communications systems. The RMA—or transformational warfare, as it is now often called—is a contentious subject, because it intellectualizes whether these dramatic changes in doctrine and technology represent discontinuous developments in military technology or whether