Pre-tested Instrument Research Articles

Breast-feeding Practices among Primipara mothers at Selected Community, Chennai

Introduction: Breast milk is the best and most comprehensive source of nutrients for babies. Poor baby feeding practices are the cause of 60% of infant and early child mortality worldwide. The growth and development of children may be negatively impacted by inappropriate newborn feeding practices, particularly in underdeveloped and developing nations. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the Breast-feeding Practices among Primipara Mothers at Selected Community, Chennai. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used. The study was carried out in a community area in Chennai. Using the purposive sampling technique, 100 primipara mothers with infants between the ages of 1-12 months who fulfil the inclusion criteria were selected after obtaining formal agreement from the relevant authorities of the selected community area and ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. The data was gathered through interview method using pre-tested instruments such as background variable proforma, obstetrical variable proforma, and proforma to evaluate primipara mothers' breastfeeding practices. Results: The study findings revealed that 73% of the primipara mothers had moderately adequate practice. None of them in the category of needs improvement. There was a significant association between selected obstetrical variables such as mode of delivery and practice on breast feeding in primipara mothers (p<0.05). Those who had normal vaginal delivery had good practice when compared to those who delivered through LSCS.

Measuring patients’ medical treatment preferences in advance care planning: development and validation of the Treat-Me-ACP instrument – a secondary analysis of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAdvance Care Planning interventions should be evaluated as broadly as possible to gain a holistic understanding of the Advance Care Planning process. However, validated early stage outcome instruments are lacking. Therefore, the Treatment-Preference-Measure-Advance Care Planning (Treat-Me-ACP) instrument was developed and validated as part of the cluster-randomized controlled trial STADPLAN (Study on Advance Care Planning in care-dependent community-dwelling older persons) to assess the effects of Advance Care Planning interventions on patients’ medical treatment preferences.MethodsThe design of Treat-Me-ACP is based on the Emanuel Medical Directive and the Life Support Preferences Questionnaires. Using a multi-stage team approach a preliminary version of the Treat-Me-ACP was developed and pre-tested. The pre-tested instrument consists of one global medical care goal-item, five hypothetical scenarios with five hypothetical treatments, and one how would you feel-item within each scenario. A total of five scenario preference scores and five treatment preference scores can be formed. This version was subsequently applied to a subsample of the STADPLAN project (n = 80) to assess patient’s preferences at baseline (T0) and at 12-month follow-up (T2). The further validation steps were based on this subsample and included: (1) acceptance by using completion rate and frequencies of missing data, (2) internal consistency by using Cronbach’s α to test whether it was possible to create preference scores by scenario and treatment, (3) concurrent validation examining the association between the global medical care goal-item and the preference scores and the association between the how would you feel-items and the scenario preference scores, and (4) responsiveness of the instrument to changes in preferences for life-sustaining treatments by comparing preference scores from T0 to T2 between study groups.ResultsAcceptance of the instrument was high. Results of concurrent validation indicate that the five scenarios represent the global medical care goal well. The preference scores showed an average tendency for decreasing preferences for life-sustaining treatments across all scales for the intervention group during study follow-up.ConclusionsThe Treat-Me-ACP can be used to evaluate the dynamics of patients’ medical treatment preferences in Advance Care Planning. It has been validated for care-dependent community-dwelling older persons and can be used as an additional outcome measure in evaluating the effectiveness of ACP interventions.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00016886 on 04/06/2019.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Study Methods and Time Management Training on Academic Self-Regulation Among Male and Female Students

Objective: The current article aims to compare the effectiveness of study methods and time management training on the academic self-regulation of students. Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental, employing a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The population consisted of all twelfth-grade male and female students in Tabriz schools during the academic year 2021-2022. Fifty-two students were selected as the sample through single-stage cluster sampling and were assigned into two groups: experimental (26 students, including 13 females and 13 males) and control (26 students, including 13 females and 13 males). The Savari and Arabzadeh questionnaire was used to measure academic self-regulation. Before the intervention, a pre-test of academic self-regulation was conducted for both groups. The experimental group received training on study methods and time management through an educational package in eight sessions, while the control group did not receive any educational intervention. After the intervention, in the post-test phase, both groups again answered the pre-test instrument. Data were analyzed using one-way multivariate and two-way multivariate analysis of covariance tests. Findings: The results of the two-way multivariate analysis of covariance also indicated that the training on study methods and time management was effective on the academic self-regulation of both male and female students and its sub-scales. It showed a higher effectiveness in overall self-regulation and particularly in the help-seeking sub-scale among males (p < 0.05). For other sub-scales of academic self-regulation, the effectiveness of study methods and time management training was at the same level for both genders (p < 0.008). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that training in study methods and time management can be used as an effective intervention for high school students.

Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior towards Online Shopping in Saudi Arabia Amid COVID-19: Implications for E-Businesses Post Pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly reshaped consumer behaviors in Saudi Arabia, as in most other countries worldwide, and it has played a critical role in rising commercial online activities. The purpose of this study is to test the factors affecting online shopping amid COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. The five main factors identified from the literature review towards online shopping namely, product variety, convenience, payment method, trust, and psychological factors were analyzed and examined in the Saudi context. The research collected data online through a pre-tested instrument, which was directed to online Saudi consumers via different electronic tools, e.g., email and social media platforms. The results of a statistical analysis showed that only three factors have a direct significant impact on online shopping amid the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors were product variety, payment method, and psychological factors. Convenient and trust factors failed to have a significant impact on consumers’ decisions to shop online amid COVID-19. Both factors were less important for consumers, since shopping online amid COVID-19 has become most common among people. The result will assist e-commerce businesses to better meet consumer demands by adjusting their marketing strategies, especially in times of crisis.

Effect of Project Based Learning Method on Knowledge and Learning Activity in Graduate School Students

Background: The Project Based Learning (PjBL) model is a learning model that can make students have expertise and can understand the learning process. This study aims to look at the application of Project Based Learning (PjBL) to increase student activity, to see the character values and results of student academic achievement in the KKPMT practice subject to achieve competence. Subjects and Method: RCT research was conducted at STIKes Mitra Husada Karanganyar. The sample consisted of 90 students, 48 students as the control class and 42 students as the experimental class. Student activity is assessed with an observation sheet. Student character is assessed by means of a questionnaire. The results of learning achievement using the posttest and pretest instruments. The mean knowledge scores in both groups were compared by independent t-test. Results: The knowledge score after the intervention in the project-based learning group (Mean= 71.81; SD= 8.35) was higher than that of the control group (Mean= 67.73; SD= 8.64), and was statistically significant (p= 0.026). Project-based learning is effective in increasing students' knowledge of ICD. The activity score after the intervention in the project-based learning group (Mean= 68.83; SD= 12.87) was the same as the control group (Mean= 68.27; SD= 11.53), but statistically not significant (p= 0.827). Conclusion: This study concluded that project-based learning was effective in increasing students' knowledge of ICD but project-based learning was not effective in increasing student activity in discussing ICD subjects. Keywords: Project Based Learning, student character, student activity, learning outcomes.

Do You Feel Safe Here? The Role of Psychological Safety in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Turnover Intention Amid COVID-19 Pandemic

Despite their significant role in the performance of hotel industry, hotel workers are suffering from high rates of turnover, due to several reasons, particularly amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has had numerous negative consequences on hotel workers, including their intention to leave the job or/and career. This study is an attempt to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on turnover intention amid COVID-19 and how psychological safety can intermediate this relationship. The study used a quantitative research approach via a pre-test instrument, self-distributed and collected from hotel workers at different regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Valid responses from 1228 workers, analyzed through a structural equation modeling (SEM) of AMOS version 23, showed that transformational leadership has a significant negative impact on turnover intention as hypothesized. Nevertheless, it has a significant positive impact on psychological safety, whereas psychological safety has a significant negative impact on turnover intention. The most important finding of this study was the perfect mediating effect of psychological safety in the link between transformational leadership and workers’ turnover intention. This finding confirms that psychological safety has the ability to change the above-mentioned link. In other words, the presence of psychological safety ensures negative turnover intention, even if transformational leadership practices do not exist. The findings have implications for scholars and practitioners, especially in tourism and hotel context, in relation to the role of psychological safety and transformational leadership in creating a sustainable working environment to maintain a lower turnover intention.

The Mediating Effects of Green Innovation and Corporate Social Responsibility on the Link between Transformational Leadership and Performance: An Examination Using SEM Analysis

Since the inauguration of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs), environmental performance and sustainability have become more important to decision makers, scientists and leaders of organizations than before. In response to this, leaders of different organizations spend all endeavors conserving resources and ensuring environmental sustainability. In this context, transformational leaders have the capacity to ensure the green performance of their organization. The purpose of this study is to test the link between green transformational leadership (GTL), green innovation (GI), corporate social responsibility (CSR) and green performance (GP) in the hotel industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study empirically tests the mediating effect of GI and CSR on the link between GTL and GP. The study used a quantitative research method via a pre-test instrument, self-distributed and collected from employees in large hotels at different regions of the KSA. The findings from 732 valid responses, analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that GTL had a significant effect on GI (β = +0.72, t-value = 14.603, p < 0.001), CSR (β = +0.58, t-value = 8.511, p < 0.001) and GP (β = +0.17, t-value = 2.585, p < 0.001). Moreover, GI and CSR had a direct positive effect on GP (β = +0.10, t-value = 2.866, p < 0.01 and β = +0.61, t-value = 4.358, p < 0.001, respectively). GI had a partial mediation effect (p = 0.048 < 0.05) on the link between GTL and GP. On the other hand, CSR had a perfect mediation effect (p = 0.077 > 0.05) on the link between GTL and GP. This reflects the vital part that CSR plays in this relationship, which can be changed based on the status of CSR. In addition, this reflects the value of CSR in achieving GP, which contributes to the achievement of environmental sustainability at a national level (i.e., the Green Saudi Initiative) at a regional level (i.e., the Green Middle East Initiative) and at an international level (i.e., UNSDGs).

Effect of Working Memory Training on Fluid Intelligence

This true experimental research anchored on the Cattell-Horn-Caroll (CHC) theory utilized Randomized Two-Groups Design to examine the effect of working memory training on the fluid intelligence of high school students. Thirty-five students from a selected public high school in Negros Occidental were randomly selected and assigned using multi-stage sampling. In measuring the fluid intelligence, the Culture Fair Intelligence Test was administered as pretest instrument in establishing baseline data. Once baseline data have been established, the experimental group commenced with a working memory training called n-back task for four weeks with three sessions per week. After the intervention, both groups were retested using the same test, the CFIT. Data collected were collated and analyzed. A paired t-test on the experimental group revealed a significant gain between pretest and posttest results of the participants. Meanwhile, a paired t-test on the control group comparing their scores in the pretest and posttest do not yield a significant difference indicating a gain in fluid intelligence among the participants in the experimental group is brought about by the working memory training. In addition, considering the posttest results of the experimental and control group using an independent sample t-test a statistically significant difference in the scores can be found. Moreover, a relatively high effect size suggests an overall high effect of the intervention on the fluid intelligence of the participants. Finally, profile variables such as sex, academic performance and household monthly income are not considered to be predictors of gains in working memory training.

Effectiveness of Digital Media to Lower the Anxiety Levels of Victims of Sexual Violence in Early Childhood

The purpose of this study was to develop digital media to lower the level of anxiety against victims of violence as early as early childhood. This research uses a quantitative approach—sampling techniques with purposive sampling, involving 28 respondents. The instruments used are pre-test and post-test. Pre-test instruments are used to determine the initial condition of the child's anxiety levels before intervention. In comparison, the post-test instrument to see the level of anxiety after intervention with digital media. The results showed that digital media is effective in lowering anxiety levels by 11.89 points. The weakness of this research in the implementation of child intervention should always be accompanied by parents or mentors, so further research needs to be done to develop media that can learn independently.

Performance effects of analytics capability, disruption orientation, and resilience in the supply chain under environmental uncertainty.

The relationship between Analytics Capability of an Organization (ACO) and both Supply Chain Disruption Orientation (SCDO) and Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) in order to achieve adequate operational performance in an era of environmental uncertainty is carried out in this study. Total three hypotheses (seven sub-hypotheses) using a survey of 405 respondents are collected via a pre-tested instrument and tested further. Results indicated the influence of ACO on both SCDO and SCR to achieve the desired degree of operational performance. However, under the moderation of environmental uncertainty, the link between ACO and SCDO was not supported, although the link between ACO and SCR was supported and this further enhanced operational performance. Further investigation of unsupported hypotheses using statistical analysis was conducted to gain deeper insights. It is explained how ACO impacted dynamic capabilities to influence operational performance. The contribution to theory of this study lies in explaining the role of dynamic capabilities that emerge from analytics as compared to the traditional view of supply chain classification. Further, the influence of environmental uncertainty on positioning dynamic capabilities strategically to address disruption in supply chains is discussed in the present study.

Lesson Exemplars Using Original Cebuano Stories in Teaching Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE)

The implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) as a subject and as a Medium of Instruction (MOI) for Grades 1, 2 and 3 gave rise to language issues in teaching and learning. This study presents the lesson exemplars using new original Cebuano stories to facilitate the teaching of MTB-MLE subject among Grade one students. This study used the quasi-experimental research design that employed the control group and the experimental group of Grade 1 students that investigated the effects of using Cebuano stories and exercises in MTB-MLE class. A researcher-made, expert-validated pretest instrument was used to gather baseline data on participants’ performance in MTB–MLE of both groups. Results showed that there is a significant difference between students’ MTB–MLE performance and participation before and after. During their MTBMLE classes, the experimental group was more motivated to listen and learn new words through Cebuano stories told in class than simply unlocking unfamiliar words in the control group. The lesson exemplars using Cebuano stories served as an effective means of reinforcing lessons in the MTB-MLE subject. Thus, lesson exemplars were proposed to promote the teaching and learning in MTB-MLE subject, enhancing the students’ performance and participation in class.

The role of alliance management, big data analytics and information visibility on new-product development capability

Many organizations are increasingly investing in building dynamic capabilities to gain competitive advantage. New products play an important role in gaining competitive advantage and can significantly boost organizational performance. Although new product development (NPD) is widely recognized as a potentially vital source of competitive advantage, organizations face challenges in terms of developing the right antecedents or capabilities to influence NPD performance. Our research suggests that organizations should invest in building alliance management capability (AMC), big data analytics capability (BDAC) and information visibility (IV) to achieve their desired NPD success. Informed by the dynamic capabilities view of the firm (DCV) we have stated seven research hypotheses. We further tested our hypotheses using 219 usable respondents gathered using a pre-tested instrument. The hypotheses were tested using variance based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results of our study paint an interesting picture. Our study makes some significant contribution to the DCV and offers some useful directions to practitioners engaged in NPD in the big data analytics era. We demonstrate that AMC and BDAC are lower-order dynamic capabilities and that AMC has a positive and significant influence on BDAC. In turn, AMC and BDAC influence NPD under the moderating influence of IV. Ours is one of the first studies to empirically establish an association among three distinct dynamic capabilities which are often considered in isolation: AMC, BDAC and NPD. Our findings support emergent views on dynamic capabilities and their classification into various orders. Lastly, we provide empirical evidence that information visibility acts as a contingent variable to both AMC and BDAC effects on NPD. We end our paper by outlining some limitations of our study and by offering useful future research directions.

ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY AND UTILIZATION OF EVALUATION RESULTS

A major concern in programme management, given the potential of programme or project evaluations to inform decision-making, has been how to ensure the results or findings of an evaluation are used for the intended purpose. How information from an evaluation process and/or the products are used in practice and decision making is equally a concern for evaluators. This article presents a research that sought to explore the extent to which organizational capacity impacts the utilization of evaluation findings for programme improvement. Guided by the pragmatic paradigm and informed by the Utilization Focused Evaluation Model and Knowledge Use Theory, the research adopted a descriptive and correlational design using mixed methods. The sample size for this study was 232 project staff from Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Kisumu Central Sub-County, Kenya. To analyze qualitative data, the open ended responses from key informant interviews were recorded and coded appropriately for further analysis for themes through content analysis and comparative analysis. Frequencies and percentages were calculated to describe the basic characteristics of the quantitative data. To ensure validity and reliability of the research instruments, pilot testing was conducted. Cronbach’s alpha at α = 0.908 was attained as the reliability coefficient of the pre-test instruments. Tests of statistical assumptions were carried out before data analysis to avoid invalidation. A hypotheses H01: Organizational capacity does not significantly influence utilization of evaluation results was tested at α = .05 level of significance and was rejected since P = 0.000 < 0.05. The study findings demonstrate that there is a significant relationship between organizational capacity and the utilization of evaluation results. This research therefore reinforces literature and helps to understand the ways in which organizational capacity influences the utilization of evaluation results. It thus informs the evaluation field of study, fills gaps in the evaluation use literature and contributes to the appreciation of factors that predict and enhance the utilization of evaluation results.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Learning By Doing Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Siswa Di SMKS-PP Putra Jaya Jabal Rahmah Stabat

This study aims to determine the effect of the Learning By Doing model on the reasoning abilities of students in class X SMKS-PP Putra Jaya Jabal Rahmah Stabat, Langkat Regency. This research is a type of quasi-experimental research (quasi-experimental) with a nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study were all students of class X SMKS-PP Putra Jaya Jabal Rahmah with the determination of the sample through random sampling technique (random sampling). Based on this technique, obtained class X Livestock B as the experimental class and class X Plantation B as the control class. Each class consists of 34 and 35 students. Data collection techniques using test techniques, namely pretest and posttest. The validation used is Pearson correlation which shows the instrument is valid. Reliability test using Alpha Crobanch which shows a reliability index of 0.665 for the pretest instrument and 0.66 for the posttest instrument, which means both are reliable. Before analyzing the data, the normality test and homogeneity test were conducted which showed that the pretest and posttest scores were normally distributed and homogeneous. The data analysis technique used is linear regression test (F test) by comparing the Fcount value of 24.47 and F table of 7.56, then the Fcount> Ftable value is 24.47> 7.56. Thus, the results of the study indicate that there is a significant influence from the application of the learning by doing learning model on the reasoning abilities of Class X students of SMKS-PP Putra Jaya Jabal Rahmah in the subjects of Islamic religious education and character

How secured and safe is the sanitation and hygiene services in a maximum-security correctional facility in Southwest Nigeria: a descriptive cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Poorly maintained living conditions and infrastructure are the banes of Nigerian prisons. The study investigated its environmental conditions and the prevalent diseases among inmates. The descriptive, cross-sectional study enrolled 420-inmates through a multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested instruments were administered and results presented with descriptive and logistic regression to identify predictors of toilet-cleaning and handwashing practices at P∝0.05. The mean(±SD) age and modal inmates/cell were 30±7.2 years and 36. Most inmates were males (97%), await-trial (79%) and lives in overcrowded cells (58%). Sixty-nine percent of free-cells has pour-flush toilets and 36% waits for 2–5 minutes before accessing toilets. Fifty-three percent of inmates clean latrines with water and soap, 71% burn solid waste while handwashing period-prevalence was 36%. Religion, toilet-cleaning, and education were predictors of handwashing while types of toilets and access predict toilet-cleaning behaviour. Malaria (81.1%) and scabies (7.3%) were endemic. The prison rehabilitation shall satisfy basic life needs and promote prisoners’ health.

TRAINING EVALUATION OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS OF 3T REGIONS OF MAHAKAM ULU REGENCY BY USING KIRKPATRICK

This study aims to determine the success of training for elementary school teachers in Mahakam Ulu Regency, North Kalimantan in 2016 and 2017. The evaluation method used is the evaluation method proposed by Kirkpatrick. In this study, two of the four levels were investigated. The study method used is the Kirkpatrik evaluation model level one and two. At level one, participants conduct evaluations related to satisfaction and level two participants evaluate learning. At level one, participants are asked to fill in satisfaction instruments. The results of the satisfaction instrument entry were analyzed using weighting on each of the satisfaction dimensions. At level two, participants are asked to work on the pre-test and post-test instruments. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test. The results showed that the level of participant satisfaction for first level was 83.848% for 2015 and 83,178% for 2016. Both scores showed positive reactions to the training. For For second level, learning, the average increase in knowledge was 10.984 for 2015 and 9.4 for 2016. The increase in the mean score was significantly based on the Wilcoxon test.

The Effect of Green Human Resource Management on Environmental Performance in Small Tourism Enterprises: Mediating Role of Pro-Environmental Behaviors

Research on the interrelationship between green human resource management (GHRM), employee pro-environmental behaviors, and environmental performance remains very limited, especially in relation to small tourism enterprises. This research bridges a knowledge gap and examines the direct effect of GHRM on environmental performance in small tourism enterprises and the indirect effect through employee pro-environmental behaviors. For this purpose, a quantitative research approach was adopted using a pre-tested instrument. A questionnaire was handed to employees in small hotels and travel agencies in Greater Cairo, Egypt. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed a positive significant effect of GHRM on both types of pro-environmental behaviors (tasked-related and proactive). However, the results, surprisingly, showed no significant direct effect of GHRM on environmental performance. Notwithstanding, there was an indirect, positive, and significant effect of GHRM on environmental performance through tasked-related and proactive pro-environmental behaviors. This reflects the value and vital role of employee pro-environmental behaviors in the relationship between GHRM and environmental performance in small tourism enterprises. The research provided various implications for tourism scholars and practitioners, especially those related to small tourism enterprises. Research limitations and opportunities for further research are also discussed.

Predictors and geographic analysis of road traffic accidents in Leon, Nicaragua.

To identify environmental factors present in areas with high density of road traffic accidents (RTA) in Leon, Nicaragua. The analysis included all accidents recorded by the Police Department in León City, from January to June 2017. All crashes were georeferenced, and data were collected from the environment elements within a perimeter of 20 meters from the site in which accidents occurred with a pre-tested data collection instrument. We specified a Poisson regression model to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to determine environmental factors associated with the event incidence. For the identification areas with high, medium, and low occurrences of crashes, kernel density around points in which RTA occurred were estimated. Out of 667 recorded crashes, 90% involved men aged 15-40, and motorcycle accidents represented 60% of injuries or deaths. Environmental factors that were positively associated with RTA included good road conditions (adjusted IRR = 1.36, 95%CI 1.13 - 1.63) and the existence of bicycle lanes (adjusted IRR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.29 - 2.10). Environmental characteristics associated with higher speeds and heavier accidents can increase their incidence. We found that high-foot-traffic commercial or touristic centers are three areas with high density of crashes. Local authorities can use these findings to promote road safety measures in high-incidence areas in León City.

Exchange and Investment Approach as a Framework for Analysis of the Organizational Commitment of Teachers of Privates Schools of Morang, Nepal

This study investigates the effect of monthly pay, the number of dependents of the teachers, age, and tenure year on the organizational commitment of the teachers working in the private schools of Morang. The population in this study includes all teachers working in the private schools of Morang district. This study used a pre-tested instrument to collect the data. This study employed multiple regression analysis as an analytical tool to test the hypothesis of the research. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 25, was used for the data analysis. The findings of the study- monthly pay, the number of dependents in the family of the teachers, and age had a significant positive impact on the organizational commitment of the teachers, but and tenure year had a significant negative effect on the organizational commitment. The originality of this study: this study shows (1) the effects of monthly payments, the number of people dependent on the job holder, age, and tenure period on the organizational commitment in the Nepalese setting. (2) Location and the population of the study are unique (no previous researches were conducted to examine the relations between the dependent and independent variables used in this study; the target population of the study- the teachers working in the private schools in Morang.

An investigation of information alignment and collaboration as complements to supply chain agility in humanitarian supply chain

Our study examines the relationship between information alignment (IA), collaboration (CO) and supply chain agility (SCAG) under the moderating effects of artificial intelligence-driven big data analytics capability (AI-BDAC) and intergroup leadership (IGL). We have grounded our theoretical model in the resource-based view (RBV) and contingency theory and further tested our research hypotheses using multi-informant data collected using a web-based pre-tested instrument from 613 individuals working in 193 humanitarian organisations drawn from 24 countries located on various continents across the globe. We tested our research hypotheses using variance-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Our study offers interesting results which help to advance the theoretical debates surrounding technology-driven supply chain agility in the context of humanitarian settings. We further provide some directions to managers engaged in disaster relief operations, who are contemplating using emerging technologies to enhance collaboration and supply chain agility. Finally, we have outlined the limitations of our study and offer some future research directions.