Pre-test Attitude Scores Research Articles

DOKTER KECIL: STUDENT EMPOWERMENT THROUGH LEARNING FIRST AID SKILL AND KNOWLEDGE

Introduction: Knowledge and skills of simple first aid are packaged by the UKS program through the role of Dokter Kecil. Interactive learning using video, demonstration and simulation activities has increased first aid knowledge and skills in primary school students. The aim of this community service program was to increase first aid knowledge and skills of wound care, nosebleed and syncope in school age children. Methods: The community service was conducted at SDN Komplek Kenjeran II in Surabaya, Indonesia, involving 40 students from grades 3 to 5. The intervention was provided in a 4-hour session, using video demonstrations and hands-on simulation. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires measured students' knowledge and attitudes before and after the training. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The demographic characteristics of participants were dominated by the age 10 years (37.5%), in fourth grade (42.5%) and female (62.5%). The average pre-test knowledge score was 65 and pre-test attitude score was 76.4. After doing interactive learning, demonstrations and simulations, the average student post-test score experienced a significant increase, namely 84.5 in the knowledge and 89.7 in the attitude. Conclusion: The Dokter Kecil program significantly improved students’ skills and knowledge in managing wound care, nosebleeds, and syncope. This empowerment program demonstrates the effectiveness of interactive learning in fostering critical first aid skills in school-aged children. Regular updates to the training content are recommended to ensure ongoing relevance and efficacy.

Educational Intervention on Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge and Attitude among Adolescent Girls in Dehradun: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Adolescence embodies the complex biological changes of human growth, featuring swift physical and psychological maturation toward adult form. Remarkably, many girls undergo puberty before seven, with black girls often experiencing it earlier than white peers. The study aims to assess the impact of educational intervention on knowledge and attitude regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls at selected schools in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The study revealed that the pretest knowledge score had a mean of 15.94 with a standard deviation 5.55. In contrast, the post-test knowledge score significantly increased, with a mean of 17.66 and a standard deviation of 5.35. The mean difference of 1.722 between the pretest and post-test scores was statistically significant, as indicated by the t-value of 19.259 (p < 0.01). The pretest attitude score had a mean of 12.56 with a standard deviation of 2.48. In contrast, the post-test attitude score exhibited a notable increase, with a mean of 15.38 and a standard deviation of 3.26. The mean difference (MD) of 2.82 between the pretest and post-test scores was found to be highly statistically significant, as indicated by the t-value of 10.759 (p < 0.001). Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected, and the alternate hypothesis is accepted. Notably, fathers’ educational status and family income emerged as significant factors. Furthermore, habitat and fathers’ educational status emerged as significant influencers of attitudes.

Education and Training on Organic and Inorganic Waste Management for the Community of RT 1 Bunglai Village

Waste is an environmental problem that requires serious handling. The behavior of the people of Bunglai Village RT 01 towards household waste is based on data, namely by burning it at 44%, throwing it carelessly at 34%, burying it in the ground at 18%, and throwing it into the river at 4%. This community behavior causes environmental pollution and disrupts public health. Thus, intervention is needed at the root of the problem, namely the management of organic and inorganic waste. The intervention carried out was Education and Training on Organic and Inorganic Waste Management. The methods used are Ecobricks and Takakura Compost.The results of the intervention in the community showed that there was an increase in knowledge and attitudes. The average value of the pre-test knowledge was 46.61 to 61.30 at the post-test and the average pre-test attitude score was 15.39 to 17.18 at post-test. To see the output, a pre-test and post-test Wilcoxon test was carried out, it was found that the significance value for knowledge was 0.000<0.05 and for attitude it was 0.000<0.05, meaning that there are differences in knowledge and attitudes between before and after the intervention in the form of counseling.

Effectiveness of narrative health message on attitude towards gaming disorder among adolescents at selected school of Patna

Background: Games are generally seen to be beneficial activities but recently it gave rise concern towards people who play digital/video games for prolong hours as it interferes with personal, professional and academics, which is defined as symptoms of internet gaming disorder, that has been recently added in ICD-11 and DSM-5 for further study. Knowledge regarding IGD will help to prevent further prevalence of IGD and manage its harmful physical and mental issue. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Internet gaming disorder among adolescent students at selected school of Patna, to evaluate the effectiveness of narrative health message on attitude towards gaming disorder among adolescents at selected school of Patna and to determine the association between demographical variables and pre-test attitude score. Methods: A quantitative research approach and pre-experiment (one group pre-test post-test) research design was used. About 76 participants were selected for the study using convenient sampling technique from class 8, 9 and 10 from selected school of Patna. Data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In pre-test 88.2% participants had positive attitude and 11.8% had negative attitude regarding internet gaming disorder. After implementation of narrative health message there were 92.1% participants had positive attitude and 7.9% had negative attitude The mean post-test attitude score of 76.91±11.717 was higher than the mean pre-test attitude score of 71.62±9.874. The calculated ‘t’ valve 4.421 was significant at p value 0.001. Conclusions: The study concludes that narrative health message regarding internet gaming disorder was effective.

A quasi-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of the structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding health hazards of the junk food among students in selected school of Himachal Pradesh 2019-21

Junk food consumption worldwide is increasing day by day which is not good for the future. Junk food is very harmful that is slowly eating away the health of the present generation.The aim of study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding health hazards of the junk food among students in selected school of Himachal Pradesh. Quantitative research approach and non-randomized control group pre-test post-test design was used for the present study. Non -probability Convenient sampling technique was used. Sample size was 100 i.e.50 for experimental group and 50 for control group. In experimental group comparison within group, mean post-test knowledge score was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score as evident from paired t value 19.66 and mean post-test attitude score was significantly higher than the mean pre-test attitude score as evident from paired t value 21.67. Comparison between experimental group mean post-test knowledge score was significantly higher than mean post-test knowledge score of control group as evident from Unpaired t value 12.39 and mean post-test attitude score was significantly higher than mean post-test attitude score of control group as evident from Unpaired t value 9.71 which was significant at 0.05 level of significance. Positive correlation was found between pre-test knowledge and post-knowledge r=0.46, post-test knowledge and pre-test attitude r=0.43, post-test knowledge and post-test attitude r=0.474, pre-test attitude and post-test attitude r=0.86 experimental group and control group positive correlation was found between pre-test knowledge and post-knowledge r=0.97, pre-test attitude and post-test attitude r=0.98 which was significant at 0.05 level of significance. Association of knowledge score and attitude score regarding health hazards of junk food among students with selected demographic variable in experimental and control group was not statistically significant. The study concluded that structured teaching Programme was effective to increase the knowledge and change the attitude regarding health hazards of junk food.

A study to the effectiveness of STP on knowledge and performance level of the health workers on Pentavalent vaccine at selected health centres at Gonda, Uttar Pradesh

Introduction: Vaccine is a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several disease scientists’ take many approaches to designing vaccine against on microbes. The major cause of sickness and death of children in India is mainly due to Infectious disease.Title: “The effectiveness of STP on knowledge and performance level of the basic health on pentavalent vaccine at selected health centres at Gonda.Material and Method: In this study the quantitative research approach was adopted with pre-experimental research design to assess knowledge and performance level regarding pentavalent vaccination among health workers. The researcher recruited sixty health workers with purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument was divided into two parts, socio-demographic data and self-structured questionnaire. The criterion measure used in the study was extent of score on level of knowledge. Maximum obtainable score was 30 and divided into three categories that is adequate knowledge: 26-30, moderately adequate knowledge: 16-25 and Inadequate Knowledge: ≤15. Tool was prepared by extensive review of literature and validated by experts of Pediatrician and child health nursing. Ethical permission was obtained from ethical and research committee of Institution. After gaining approval, permission was taken from Medical and Nursing Superintendent of selected hospitals to conduct research study. Confidentiality and anonymity were maintained during and after data collection. Result: In this study it was majority age of health worker were between 24 – 28 years belong Hindu religious and education status were higher secondary with maximum have no experienced. The pre-test knowledge score of Health workers regarding Pentavalent Vaccine revealed that 53.33% Health workers had inadequate knowledge, and 46.66% Health workers had moderately adequate knowledge and the post-test knowledge scores of Health workers regarding Pentavalent Vaccine revealed that 13.33% Health workers had adequate knowledge, 83.33% Health workers had moderately adequate knowledge 3.33%.The pre-test attitude score of Health workers regarding Pentavalent Vaccine. It revealed that 10(16.66%) Health workers had good attitude and 12(20%) Health workers had average level of attitude about Pentavalent Vaccine, 38(63.33%) Health workers had poor attitude. The Post test attitude score of Health workers regarding Pentavalent Vaccine. It revealed that 16.66 Health workers had good attitude, and 80% Health workers had average level of attitude. 4% Health workers had poor attitude. The significant difference between the mean score of pre and post-test knowledge score of the health workers regarding Pentavalent Vaccine paired‘t’ test was 7.65. Hence the researcher concluded that gain in knowledge is not by chance but by STP on Pentavalent Vaccine. The ‘r’ value of post-test level of knowledge and attitude was -0.22, there was a negative correlation between knowledge and attitude which was not significant. Significance association between age of the health worker, and experience. There was no association between religions, education, and source of information.Conclusion: In this study due to lack of educational status participants have very poor knowledge regarding knowledge and performance level of the health works on pentavalent vaccine & have association between knowledge regarding hypertension and there was no association between religions, education, and source of information.

The effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding COVID-19 vaccination of 12 to 18 year children among mothers

Safe and effective vaccines are available that provide strong immunity to our body to produce specific protection against some of the dangerous disease. Protection of the child from COVID 19 disease Billions of people have been vaccinated against COVID-19. Getting vaccinated is one of the most important things you can do to protect yourself against COVID-19, help end the pandemic and stop new variants emerging. COVID 19 viral disease and affect the lungs.Research Approach:- The quantitative approach was used to determine the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding covid-19 vaccination on among mothers of 12 to 18 year children. Research Design:- The research design used in this study was quasi experimental one group pre test post test design is used to determine the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding covid-19 vaccination before and after the self-instructional module among mothers of 12 to 18 year children. Setting: The study was conducted selected rural area Bavliya Khurd. It is situated 3 km away from Index Nursing College, Indore. Sample Size: Sample size of this study consists of 100 mothers of 12 to 18 year children living in selected community area at bavliya khurd. Sampling Technique: Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. Sample were collected, who fulfill the sampling criteria are included in this study.The frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to the pre test knowledge score of mothers regarding covid-19 vaccination. It revealed that 40(40%) mothers had Poor knowledge, and 59(59%) mothers had Average knowledge and 01(01%) mother had Good knowledge about covid-19 vaccination. The frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to the post test knowledge scores of mothers regarding covid-19 vaccination. It revealed that 00 (00%) mothers had Poor knowledge, 80(80.%) mothers had Average knowledge,20(20%) mothers had Good knowledge about covid-19 vaccination. the frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to the pre test attitude score of mothers regarding covid-19 vaccination. It revealed that 21(21%) mothers had Very poor attitude, and 55(55%) mothers had Poor attitude about covid-19 vaccination, 21(21%) mothers had Faire attitude and 03(03%) mothers had Good attitude about covid-19 vaccination, 00(00%) mothers had Excellent attitude. The table-III shows that the frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to the pre test attitude score of mothers regarding covid-19 vaccination. It revealed that 02 (02%) mothers had Very poor attitude, and 44 (44%) mothers had Poor attitude about covid-19 vaccination, 40 (40%) mothers had Faire attitude and 13 (13%) mothers had Good attitude about covid-19 vaccination, 01 (01%) mothers had excellent attitude.The self-instructional module through booklet found to be very effective in improving the knowledge and attitude among mothers who have 12 to 18 yrs children on covid-19 vaccination. The knowledge and attitude regarding covid-19 vaccination was improved by health teaching through booklet. Being as a nurses, our main responsibility is try to make our India, free from communicable disease by providing covid-19 vaccination for all 12 to 18 year children.

The effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding mental illness and its early identification among female junior health assistants in selected primary health centers at Hassan

Background: Development of Nation depends upon the healthy society and the health of the each individual, is in the hands of the health care professionals. Mental health is a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment. Mental illness is a wide range of mental health condition that can affect our mood, thinking and behavior. The aim of the study is to assess the existing knowledge and attitude to evaluate the effectiveness of Self-instructional module, to find the correlation between knowledge and attitude, to find the association between pre-test knowledge and attitude scores and their selected socio demographic variables.Methods: A quantitative evaluative research approach was used for the study. The purposive sampling technique was used. A structured knowledge questionnaire and structured attitude scale were used to assess the knowledge and attitude and Self-instructional module was provided to find its effectiveness.Results: The mean percentage of post-test knowledge score (85.2%) was higher than the mean percentage of pre-test knowledge score (38.4%). The calculated ‘t’ value showed a significant difference between mean pre and post test knowledge scores. Calculated χ2 values are showed significant association between qualification, religion, type of family and place of working of respondents with their pre-test knowledge scores. The mean percentage of post test attitude scores (86.4%) was higher than the mean percentage of pre-test attitude score (53.0%). The calculated‘t’ value showed a significant difference between mean pre and post test attitude scores. Calculated χ2 values are showed significant association between marital status, qualification, religion, type of family, place of working and monthly salary of respondents with their pre-test attitude scores.Conclusion: The results indicated that the self instructional module is effective in increasing the knowledge and attitude of female junior health assistants on mental illness and its early identification.

Pre-Experimental Study to Assess the Impact of The teaching Program on Knowledge and Attitude regarding Disaster Management among the Nursing Students of Selected Nursing Colleges of Himachal Pradesh

Aim: The aim of this pre-experimental study is to examine how the teaching program affects disaster management knowledge and attitude in Himachal Pradesh nursing students. Method: Pre-experimental design with one group pre-and post-test was used in this study. The researcher used quantitative approach. About 450 samples were taken for the investigation. Simple random sampling was utilized because the sample was available and met inclusion requirements. Data were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. The knowledge and attitude of the pre- and post-test scores were compared using the t-test. Chi-square tests determined the connection between knowledge and attitude and demographic variables. Result: Results say that pre-test, 263 (58.45%) had poor disaster management knowledge and 9 (2%) had extremely good. On the post-test, 170 (38.22%) had strong disaster management knowledge and 33 (7.33%) had exceptional. Most 310 (69%) pre-test responders had a negative attitude about catastrophe management, while 140 (31%) had a positive attitude. After the test, 52% of 235 respondents had good attitude about catastrophe management and 48% negative attitude for it. At 0.05 significance level, demographic variables are associated with pre-test knowledge score. At a significance level of 0.05, the demographic variables are associated with pre-test attitude score. Conclusion: The education program enhances nursing students’ disaster management knowledge and attitudes, the study revealed. Nursing students’ knowledge and attitude rise.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude regarding safety measures against sexual Harassment among adolescent girls in selected school at Dehradun, Uttarakhand

A pre-experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding safety measures against sexual harassment among adolescent girls. A pre- experimental one group per test post-test design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme. The sample consists of 80 adolescent girls of Government girls inter college Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Consecutive sampling technique was used for the selection of samples. The data was collected through self-structured questionnaire. Result shows the major findings indicated that 90% were having average knowledge while only 3.75% were having adequate knowledge regarding safety measures against sexual harassment. The data also suggested that 17.5% girls were having negative attitude, while merely 21.25% girls were holding positive attitude towards safety measure against sexual harassment. Structured teaching programme is found to be very effective method to improve knowledge regarding safety measures against sexual harassment but there is little difference in change in attitude towards the safety measure against sexual harassment. The mean post-test level of knowledge was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score that is 12.11 in pre-test and 17.42 in post- test with paired “t” =14.85, which was significant at p<0.05 level. The mean pre-test attitude score was 28.86 and post test score is 30.15 with paired “t” = 2.19 at P= 0.05 significance. On finding the association of knowledge and attitude with their demographic variable, there was no association estimated by yates corelation and chi square test. On the basis of findings, it is recommended that a similar study may be replicated using a large number of participants. More intervention studies should be carried out for improving the knowledge and attitude regarding safety measures against sexual harassment.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Awareness Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Oral Cancer among Construction Site Workers in Gorakhpur, U.P.

Oral cancer includes cancers of the mouth and the back of the throat. Oral cancers develop on the tongue, the tissue lining the mouth and gums, under the tongue, at the base of the tongue, and the area of the throat at the back of the mouth. Oral cancer accounts for roughly three percent of all cancers diagnosed annually in the United States, or about 53,000 new cases each year. Oral cancer most often occurs in people over the age of 40 and affects more than twice as many men as women. Most oral cancers are related to tobacco use, alcohol use (or both), or infection by the human papilloma virus. The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of awareness programme on knowledge and attitude regarding oral cancer among construction site workers. The study found that in pretest 56(93.3%) had adequate knowledge, 2(3.3%) had moderate knowledge and 2(3.3%) had inadequate knowledge. After the awareness programme, in posttest 40(66.7%) had adequate knowledge, 16(26.7%) had moderate knowledge and 4(6.7%) had adequate knowledge and none of the participants had average and inadequate knowledge. Paired “t‟ test showed significant increase in the knowledge scores. The mean pretest knowledge scores of participants (24.17) was significantly higher than their mean pretest scores (19.05). The calculated „t‟ value (t=19.56) was greater than the table value at (0.05) level of significant. Similarly, the mean pre-test attitude scores of positive statement was (71.75) and for negative statement it was (12.63) was significantly higher than their mean pretest score positive statement was (60.22) and for negative statement it was (10.72).The calculated t value(13.45) was greater than the table value at (0.05)level of significant and it was concluded that there was highly significant gain in knowledge and attitude regarding oral cancer. There was significant association between religion and pre-test knowledge scores (p<0.05). Awareness program implemented during the study had equipped the workers with better knowledge and attitude regarding oral cancer. Information provided in the program helped the participants to know the various forms of oral cancer and also helped the participant to change their attitude against oral cancer. So there was no association between knowledge scores and attitude scores regarding construction site workers. There was no correlation scores between pre-test knowledge scores and attitude scores. The study concluded that there was an effectiveness of awareness programme on knowledge and attitude regarding oral cancer among construction site workers

Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude of Postnatal Mothers regarding Kangaroo Mother Care at Selected Maternity Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir

Background: Kangaroo care also called skin-to-skin contact is defined as a method of holding a small neonate in skin to skin contact, prone and up right on the maternal chest. The neonate is enclosed in maternal clothing in order to maintain temperature stability. Methodology: A quantitative research approach with pre experimental one group pre test post test design was used. 75 postnatal mothers selected by purposive sampling technique admitted at Maternity Hospital SKIMS Soura, Srinagar Kashmir. Results: The mean post test knowledge score (35.20±5.167) of the study subjects was significantly higher than that of mean pre test knowledge score (10.47±4.833) at 0.05 level of significance. There was significant association between selected demographic variables like educational status, occupation and residence with the pre test knowledge score p≤0.05. The mean post test attitude score (57.01±4.557) of the study subjects was significantly higher than that of mean pre test attitude score (33.11±3.443) at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: Postnatal mothers had poor knowledge and attitude scores regarding kangaroo mother care. The video assisted teaching programme was found to be effective in improving the knowledge and attitude scores of study subjects, hence there was dire need to educate them regarding kangaroo mother care.

The Level of Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviour of Women in Reproductive Age (WRA) with Online Class BSE

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of malignancy among women in Indonesia. Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is one way of early detection to determine the presence of a mass in the breast. But in reality, the awareness to do BSE is still lacking among women. This study aims to determine changes in the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of women of childbearing age (WUS) after attending BSE online classes. This study uses a one-group pretest-posttest . The population in this study were women of childbearing age who came to the integrated service post. Subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique according to the inclusion criteria of as many as 25 respondents. Based on the results of the research conducted, there are differences in scores before and after the online class on BSE. Before counseling the average score was 53.8 after counseling the average score was 63. The results of the bivariate analysis the average behavioral pretest score was 2.76 while the post-test average was 5.64 with a p-value of 0.01 <0.005 so it was concluded that there was a significant difference in the average pretest and post-test behavior scores. The average pretest knowledge score is 17.48 while the post-test average score is 22.96 with a p-value of 0.01 <0.005 there is a significant difference in the pretest and post-test knowledge scores. The pretest attitude score was 53.8 while the post-test score was 63 with a p-vale value of 0.01 <0.005, indicating that there was a significant difference between the pretest and post-test attitude scores. This shows that online classes have a positive influence on WRA's behavior to do BSE. As a comparison tool for the world of science in enriching information about BSE behavior, it is necessary to conduct research using other methods that further explore the activity of respondents, for example through video media.

A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on attitude regarding breast self-examination among adolescent girls in selected school of Indore M.P.

Breast self-examination enables a women or girls to detect changes in her breasts. The examination should be done each month soon after the menstrual period ends as normal physiological changes that they confuse results occur in the premenstrual period. This method of self-examination is useful in the early detection of breast cancer.This study made use of an evaluative approach with one group pretest and post-test design. The sample for the study sample comprised of 60 adolescent girls. A disproportionate purposive sampling technique was used to select 60 adolescent girls. The tool and STP were validated by 7 experts. Pre testing and reliability of the tool was established prior to pilot study. Pilot study was conducted among ten adolescent girls. this gave basis for the invigilator to conduct the actual study .the actual study was conducted among 60 adolescent girls .following the pretest, STP Was administered and post test was conducted seven days after the administration of STP. The obtained data was analyzed in terms of the objectives and hypothesis using descriptive.The mean pretest knowledge score was 12.50 ± 3.26, while in the posttest it was 23.20 ± 2.49. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05), showing a higher mean knowledge score in the posttest. Thus, the intervention was very helpful in improving the mean posttest knowledge score. The mean pretest attitude score was 52.78 ± 8.35, while in the posttest it was 67.78 ± 4.36. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05), showing a higher mean attitude score in the posttest.The finding of the present study were analyzed and discussed with the finding of the similar studies confirmed that STP was effective in attitude regarding breast self- examination among adolescent girls.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics in Terms of Knowledge and Attitude among the Staff Nurses working in Govt. Hospital for Mental Health at Gujarat State

Background- Antipsychotics medications are also called ‘neuroleptics or major tranquilizer. They are effective in the treatment of acute and chronic manifestations of schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions Without drug treatment, an estimated 72% of individual who have experienced a psychotic episode relapse within a year. This relapse rate can be reduced to about 23% with continuous medication administration. Aims and Objectives-1. To Assess the Knowledge Regarding Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics before and after implementation of planned teaching program among staff nurses. 2. To Assess the Attitude Regarding Management of Adverse Effects of Antipsychotics before and after implementation of planned teaching program among staff nurses. 3. To find out the correlation between of post test knowledge score and post test attitude score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses. 4. To find out the association between of pre test knowledge score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses with demographic variables. And 5. To find the association between of pre test attitude score regarding management of adverse effects of antipsychotics among staff nurses with demographic variables. Material and Method- Quasi Experimental Research approach used with One Group pre-test and post-test Design. The investigator has used simple random Sampling Techniques for selecting 60 Staff nurses. A Structured Knowledge Questionnaire and Likert’s Attitude Scale were prepared to assess the Knowledge and Attitude of the samples. Result- Mean pre-test knowledge score was 12.62 while Mean post-test knowledge score was 21.55 and the difference was 8.93. The Standard Deviation (SD) of pre-test and post-test knowledge was 2.48 and 2.47 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value is 29.91which higher than the tabulated ‘t’ value 2.00, which indicates the increased knowledge. Mean Pre-test attitude score was 63.15 while Mean Post-test attitude score was 79.43 and the difference was 16.28. The Standard Deviation (SD) of pre-test and post-test attitude was 4.07 and 3.63 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value is 26.46 which higher than the tabulated ‘t’ value 2.00, which indicates the increased attitude. The Correlation Coefficient was obtained using Karl Pearson's formula which yielded r=0.155. It suggests Positive Correlation between the Post-test Knowledge Score and Post-test Attitude Score of Samples. Association of selected Demographic Variables with the Pretest Knowledge and Attitude score was computed using Chi Square test and it showed that there is no Significant association between them. Data demonstrated that there was significant increase in the Knowledge and Attitude on Management of adverse effects of antipsychotics after Implementation of Planned Teaching Programme. Hence it is proved that Planned Teaching Programme on Management of adverse effects of antipsychotics was effective in improving knowledge and attitude among Staff nurses working in govt. Hospital for Mental health at Gujarat state.

Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Hepatitis B Infection of Schoolchildren among Primary School Teachers in Selected Schools at Holenarasipura, Karnataka

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding hepatitis B infection among primary school teachers. Background: Hepatitis B is a viral disease caused by hepatitis B virus which leads to inflammation of liver, cirrhosis, and cancer of liver if the disease is progress the infected person will die. It is mainly transmitted through blood contact, in school environment, there is chance to spread from infected child to healthy child during contact with body fluid. More than 2 billion people worldwide have evidence of past current HBV infection. India has estimated endemicity of hepatitis B every year over 1,00,000 Indians die due to illness related to HBV. This study attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding hepatitis B infection of schoolchildren among primary schoolteachers in selected schools at Holenarasipura. Methods: The study involved pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Non-randomized convenient technique was used. Data were collected from 60 samples. Results: The study shows that knowledge score of school teachers in pre-test was 44%, in post test 78.5%. And pre-test attitude score 47.1%, post test attitude 78.8%. Hence, they gained 34.5% of more knowledge and 31.7% of attitude after the administration of self-instructional module. There was a moderately positive correlation between knowledge and attitude among the primary school teachers. (r + 0.657 in pre-test and +0.497

Effect of Structured Teaching Programme on Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Terms of Knowledge and Attitude among Teachers of Rohtak (Haryana)

A pre-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme (STP) on prevention of Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in terms of knowledge and attitude among teachers of selected School at Rohtak, Haryana. A total of 40 teachers were selected by Convenience sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The mean pre-test knowledge score was 18.15 which increased to 28.32 in post-test and the mean pre-test attitude score was 106.35 which increased to 118.6 in post-test and there was significant association of post-test knowledge scores of subjects with selected variables such as type of family and previous information regarding STIs but there was partial significant relationship of knowledge of school teachers with selected variables. The study concludes that STP was significantly effective in enhancing the knowledge and change in attitude of subjects irrespective of sample characteristics regarding prevention of STIs.

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Prevention and Control of Alcohol Use among Undergraduate College Students

Introduction: Use of alcohol among college students is a worldwide problem. Alcoholism is gradually tearing down the college students irrespective of gender. Incidents of many diseases are preventable through changes in health behavior by adopting health education strategies for educating the students. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effectiveness of the structured teaching program (STP) on knowledge and attitude regarding prevention and control of alcohol use among undergraduate college students. Materials and Methods: One group pre-test and post-test design was used on 163 undergraduate college students at Shekhawati P.G. College Kanwat, Sikar (Rajasthan), using Stratified random sampling. STP, structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale were used to collect the data. Results: Study found a statistically significant (t = 41.60, df = 162, P = 0.0153) increase in mean knowledge score (mean difference of 9.57) from mean pre-test knowledge score of 10.14, SD ± 2.09 to post-test knowledge score of 19.71, SD ± 2.18 after administration of the STP. Similarly, post-exposure to the STP a statistically significant (t = 19.47, df = 162, P = 0.0326) improvement in attitude score, from pre-test attitude scores of 68, SD ± 8, to mean post-test attitude score 77.97, SD ± 5.78, was found with mean difference of 9.97. It shows that STP was effective in enhancement of knowledge and attitude of undergraduate college students. The post-test knowledge and attitude score showed statistically significant correlation (r = 0.73, df = 161, P = 0.00001). Conclusion: Systematically prepared STP on prevention and control of alcohol use was effective in improving the knowledge and attitude of undergraduate college students.

A PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING ABOUT KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE REGARDING USE OF PLASTIC, ITS HAZARDS AND SAFE DISPOSAL AMONG HOUSEWIVES IN SELECTED RURAL AREA.

The community has been described together of the foremost fruitful areas for improving the health of the people. It is an incontrovertible fact that social, physical and cultural aspects of the community have a serious inuence on an individual's health status. One among the most risky assembling is the plastic which are used on a day to day throughout the planet. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching about knowledge and attitude regarding use of plastic, its hazards and safe disposal among the housewives in selected rural area. Quantitative resea METHODOLOGY: rch approach with pre-experimental one group pretest and post-test research design was adopted to conduct the study among 80 housewives in selected rural area, dist wardha, Maharashtra. Through non probability convenient sampling technique. A structured questionnaire and 5 points Likert scale was used for assessing knowledge and attitude regarding use of plastic, its hazards and safe disposal. the nding of study reveal RESULT: s that post-test mean knowledge score was 23.88 with standard deviation (SD ± 1.99) and the respondent knowledge were signicantly higher than , the overall mean pre-test knowledge score which was 13.63 with standard deviation (SD ± 3.17). And the calculated ''t'' value i.e, 25.36 were much higher than the tabulated value at 5% level of signicance. Likewise the post-test mean attitude score was 59.03 higher with SD ± 2.15 and the respondent knowledge was signicantly higher than, the overall mean pre-test attitude score which was 45.15 with SD ± 6.65. And the calculated ''t'' value i.e, 17.50 are much higher than the tabulated value at 5% level of signicance. Hence planned teaching on knowledge and attitude regarding use of plastic, its hazards and safe disposal was effective and statistically signicant. The study emphasis for e CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: ffective implementation of legislation to minimize the use of plastic, its hazards and safe disposal in housewives. There is need to create awareness for betel quid seller and Inservice education programme for teachers about hazards of plastic use so that they can create more awareness among students regarding hazards of plastic use.

To study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Transmission and Prevention of HIV/AIDS among Students of Junior Colleges

Introduction: HIV/AIDS is becoming a growing global danger to mankind. Since the first cases were reported, HIV/AIDS has been spreading at an alarming rate.
 Background: In India, The age group of 15-24 years accounts for 35% of all AIDS cases, indicating that the younger population is especially vulnerable to epidemics.
 Methods: The study was based on an interventional evaluatory approach and one group pretest-posttest design used. 60 junior college student samples were collected using Non-probability purposive sampling technique. one way ANOVA and t-test used to estimate the association between post-test knowledge and posttest attitude score transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS among students of junior college the and the selected demographic variables.
 Results: This study revealed that the Mean value of the pretest knowledge score was 21.51 and the post-test knowledge score was 26.46 and the standard deviation of the pre-test knowledge score was ±4.96 and the post-test standard deviation was ±5.66. The t-value is 5.09 and the p-value is 0.0001. The mean value of the pretest attitude score was 28.48 and post-test attitude score was 40.25 and the standard deviation of the pre-test attitude score was ±4.13 and the post-test attitude score was ±2.45. The t- value is 18.98 and the p-value is 0.0001. There was a significant association of post-test knowledge score with the source of information about HIV/AIDS and there was no significant association of post-test attitude score regarding transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that planned teaching on knowledge and attitude regarding transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS among students of junior college was effective as a teaching strategy.