Pre-competitive Technologies Research Articles

CURRENT CONCERNS REGARDING THE CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH POWER DENSITY ELECTRICAL MACHINES FOR ELECTRICITY TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

"Applications such as electrification of transmission systems require electric machines with high power density values. Such electric cars offer beneficial volumes and weights that are desired in transportation systems that include electric cars, electrified planes, and other types of electric vehicles. In October 2017, the US DRIVE groupThe U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), a large automobile and power company, has published a paper entitled “Roadmap for Research and Innovation in Electrical and Electronic Technologies for Efficiency vehicles and energy sustainability ”. This paper outlines the performance values ​​that electric traction motors must have in 2025 to accelerate the development of innovative and pre-competitive technologies to achieve a wide range of clean and efficient vehicles as well as related energy infrastructure. Thus, for electric traction motors with powers of 100 kW, used in the drive systems of single-electric vehicles, which is used in both engine and generator mode, for their power density is expected to increase from the value of 5.7 kW / L achieved in 2020 to the value of 50 kW / L to be achieved in 2025, which means a volume reduction of 89%. This reduction in volume must be accompanied by a reduction in the cost of these engines, from $ 4.7 / kW in 2020 to $ 3.3 / kW in 2025, ie a cost reduction of 30%. One of the factors that limits the power density of electric cars is the cooling system. In the absence of adequate cooling systems, the energy losses that occur in electric cars can cause damage to the insulation system, short circuits between the windings of the windings, demagnetization of the permanent magnets and, finally, damage to the drive system. As a result, the analysis of ways to reduce energy losses in electric cars and the identification of efficient cooling systems are essential concerns for the realization of electric cars with high values ​​of power density. In this paper, a presentation is made of the results of recently published research on finding constructive solutions for the realization of electric machines with very low energy losses as well as solutions for the realization of high-efficiency cooling systems, solutions that allows the performance of performance indicators for electric cars, on power density and cost, expected by the US Drive group for 2025."

Merck and Purdue team up to solve measurement challenges

The Merck-Purdue Center for Measurement Science is a win-win-win. Merck & Co. scientists get access to experts at one of the top U.S. programs in measurement science and the chance to contribute to projects outside their day-to-day work. Purdue University professors get real-world problems to work on and a source of new funding. And Purdue students get to collaborate with industry scientists and explore a potential career path. This center is by no means the first academic-industrial partnership. But a distinguishing feature of this one is that it’s not aimed at generating new intellectual property for the industrial half of the equation. The focus is instead on precompetitive technology that can help Merck solve some of its measurement challenges, such as reaction monitoring in flow systems and improved separation of proteins and peptides for therapeutics. And if things go well, the technologies could benefit the broader pharma industry. “Merck and

Precompetitive Collaboration on Enabling Technologies for the Pharmaceutical Industry

As the pharmaceutical industry continues to explore new ways to stimulate innovation, reduce costs, and streamline operations, the idea of joining forces in cross-pharma collaborations on the development of new and valuable precompetitive technologies becomes increasingly attractive. Before industry-wide precompetitive collaboration can become truly commonplace and more effective, improved approaches for creating and maintaining collaborations between competitors are needed. A recent Council for Chemical Research workshop at the University of Pennsylvania on precompetitive collaborations on enabling chemical and chemical engineering technologies for the pharmaceutical industry revealed widespread interest among participants from industry, academia and government to augment and improve current methods. While it is important not to underestimate the challenges of multiparty collaborations, the value coming from pooling resources and combining intellectual input provides strong incentive to improve and foste...

Consortium for research and innovation in aerospace in Quebec, Canada a reference model for the Brazilian aerospace industry

The theory of systems of innovation stresses the importance of knowledge and technology flows among people, firms and institutions for the development of a productive innovation ecosystem in a local region. One of the most important recommendations from specialists in the subject is to set local policies that benefit the interaction between enterprises and science & technology institutes (STI). Within this context, this paper aims to present and analyze the framework adopted by the Province of Quebec, in Canada, to enhance the cooperation between local enterprises and STIs in the development of precompetitive technologies in the aerospace sector, through a consortium named CRIAQ (Consortium de recherche et d'innovation en aerospatiale au Quebec), and to analyze its applicability to the Brazilian aerospace industry.

Technology valuation of a scanning probe microscope developed at a university in a developing country

Precompetitive technology (PT) refers to devices, equipment, software or processes primarily developed at universities in developing countries for research or teaching as a result of externally financed projects contracted between the university institutes, centers or faculties and industry. PT is generally embodied in the form of laboratory prototypes and is licensed via technology transfer (TT) contracts between the university and external funding agencies or other interested parties. In the process of defining the terms of a TT contract, a fundamental question arises: what is the monetary value of a precompetitive technology? In this paper we present a methodology for PT valuation based on the identification of specific value points (SVP) related to its development. The four-step method includes the definition of a PT value range based on cost and market approaches, expected incomes, present value and scoring in order to determine the relative weights of the primary aspects of the intellectual capital behind the technology. The valuation methodology is applied to the specific example of a scanning probe microscope (SPM) developed at the Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).

University-Industry Collaboration: An Open Innovation Approach at Hewlett-Packard

“In the pursuit of innovation, global firms try to deploy different strategies for innovation. The universities constitute a very important segment for sourcing innovation and working on pre-competitive technologies which have a long term impact. This research assesses the open innovation approach deployed by firms. It also looks at the approach adopted by Hewlett-Packard to focus on technologies which have a long term impact and developed by an open approach involving technical communities around the globe. It tracks the development of technologies such as D Space and its applications and challenges. It also looks at the strategy towards developing Cloud Computing frameworks. The other initiatives include the implementation of the Innovation Research Program spanning the universities across various countries. The opportunities and challenges associated with the open innovation approach are then suggested based on interaction with over two dozen leading academics and industry practitioners.”

Research Pays Off

The author is Senior Vice President for Data Architecture at MCI Telecommunications in Reston, Virginia. He served at ARPA from 1976 to 1982 in the Information Processing Techniques Office. For more thoughts from the author on science and corporate management, see [ Science 's Next Wave][1]. When it is budget-cutting time, among the usual early casualties are all forms of research. Yet the history of government-supported research shows that basic research supplies the raw materials from which useful applications can be fashioned, and applied research pays for itself many times over in the production of tax revenues, jobs, exports, and vital improvements in national security. In this essay, I consider national security to include not only military readiness but also a strong and growing economy and positive participation in global commerce. Researchers take risks when they explore unknown territory. Some paths may lead to dead ends, others to unexpected and bountiful payoffs, but it is seldom possible to tell ahead of time what the result will be. Indeed, if there were no research “failures,” one would be justified in concluding that the work was not really research at all. To achieve a high payoff, it is often necessary to take a comparable amount of risk; and failure to conduct adequate research can have disastrous national security and business consequences. When the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was formed in the late 1950s, its general charter was to help the nation avoid technological surprises such as Sputnik. It has since produced a cornucopia of technological results that have benefited U.S. national security in myriad ways, both directly in militarily relevant results and indirectly through expansion of the country's technology base, upon which industry has drawn to produce new businesses, products, and services not possible before. I believe that this is also true of the other government agencies that support basic and applied research. Some critics believe that all or most applied research should be funded by industry. The trouble with this view is that a great deal of risky applied research simply cannot be funded in the context of Wall Street's thirst for quarterly profits. Publicly held corporations often have difficulty in justifying high-risk research that may not pay off for years or possibly not at all, yet sustained funding for precompetitive technology research and development is frequently the only way to uncover productive technical opportunities. ARPA provided funds for research in data networking when conventional wisdom said that packet switching was impractical and, some thought, downright crazy. The same may be said for high-performance parallel computing, for network-based chip design, and more recently for microelectromechanical systems, in which computation is merged with sensing and actuation at a microscopic level, enabling entirely new classes of applications. ARPA's efforts to make its results widely known and readily shared have paid off in new product developments, paid for by industry and based on freely available research results, prototypes, source software, and the like. Many of the research efforts sponsored by ARPA have had 100 percent or more matching funding from industry, which afterwards puts in vastly more funding than that to create new products and services. Companies that could not justify the risks alone can do so in conjunction with ARPA and in other industry consortia cooperating with the government. The Internet's skyrocketing growth has been leveraged through industry investment hundreds of times larger than the small but persistent base of support from various U.S. government agencies, originating with the ARPANET project in 1969. ARPANET spawned packet radio and packet satellite research efforts, which were linked together to form the first three networks of the Internet. My colleague Bob Kahn started this research program at ARPA in 1973, and together we developed the basic Internet architecture and protocols (TCP/IP). U.S. government research agencies provided sustained support for this work, first to develop the technology until it became commercially available in the 1980s and then to support the standards work needed for Internet evolution. Today, the Internet is a global multibillion-dollar business. Government investment in the research over a 25-year period has probably amounted to less than $250 million. The U.S. knowledge and technology base is second to none. Keeping it that way has paid and will continue to pay off in multiple dimensions. Support for quality applied and basic research is one of the most highly leveraged investments the government can make. I hope that the members of Congress will take time to consider this as they struggle to produce a fiscally responsible budget. [1]: http://sci.aaas.org/nextwave/niches-manager/cerf/forum.cgi

U.S.-Japan global partnership action plan revived

State Department officials involved with Japanese affairs are excited about a Japan-U.S. Global Partnership Plan of Action in science, technology, the environment, and commercial relations. The plan, inexplicably down-played until recently by both governments and unknown to most Japan-watchers in the U.S., was the essence of a declaration signed by President Bush and Japanese Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa during Bush's trip to Japan in January. The plan has several components and involves several federal agencies with some new but mostly ongoing exchanges and collaborations with Japanese counterparts. It includes Japanese assistance for the Superconducting Super Collider (expected late this year if the U.S. Congress approves its funding and all goes according to schedule in Japan); support for space station Freedom , research on aging, and global-change research; environmental cooperation; establishment of centers for natural resource conservation; cooperation in precompetitive technologies; and promot...

Actions to strengthen university-industry cooperation

Publisher Summary In industry, it is exhausting to be a generator of new ideas, most of which would fail the tests of marketability or possibility of consensus. In universities, it is exhausting to try to be realistic about markets; the expectation is that a clever notion or product would, somehow, be saleable at a profit. If the proposition is turned down, or fails, the usual response is “not fair” or “incompetent development.” It is impossible to establish this mutual understanding by preaching or lecturing to one another, or by advocacy of an instant, courtroom variety. Much of the benefit from university-industry collaboration can be enjoyed in the recognized form for the industry partner to be able to raise the money as part of its normal funding procedure. This is true of technology transfer schemes, quality control, and standards of work, and scientifically based optimization and improvement of existing products and processes. Some innovation leading to specific and definable products and processes, too unfamiliar for orthodox finance, can be covered by venture capital. But pre-competitive technology development, and work on the general technical infrastructure is difficult to finance sustainably in this way.