Pragmatic Ideas Research Articles

Patient and caregiver perspectives on causes and prevention of ambulatory adverse events: multilingual qualitative study

ContextAmbulatory adverse events (AEs) affect up to 25% of the global population and cause over 7 million preventable hospital admissions around the world. Though patients and caregivers are key actors...

Integrating classical Chinese philosophy with (Kantian) pragmatist metaphysics: comments on JeeLoo Liu’s essay

This paper is a brief comment on JeeLoo Liu’s interpretation of classical Chinese philosophy, especially Wang Yangming’s (1472–1529) views, in terms of pragmatist metaphysics primarily drawn from William James and Hilary Putnam. Liu’s reading of Wang Yangming both in the context of the Chinese tradition and in relation to pragmatism is most welcome as a novel contribution to comparative and intercultural philosophy. However, in such comparisons, we also have to be careful to avoid anachronistically attributing, e.g., Kantian and/or pragmatist ideas to earlier thinkers coming from a very different cultural context.

Culture and Morality in the Nineteenth Century: The Origins of Modern European Tolerance

This publication aims to analyze the economic, social, and cultural phenomena that first appeared in the "era of revolutions" that occurred in the nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. The modern European trend toward tolerance, which is the basis of current social and cultural changes, including in our country, has specific intellectual grounds. The subject of the study was the ideosphere of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, including philosophical, economic, and psychological concepts that gave rise to modern trends in these areas. The result of this study was the determination of the reasons that caused the change of the ideological paradigm in Europe. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that, for the first time, the intellectual foundations of the formation of tolerance as an actual socio-cultural phenomenon are analyzed. This article consistently proves that among the first such grounds, it is possible to determine the emergence of machine production and, as a result, the appearance of a mass person with a culture corresponding to them, performing a compensatory and entertaining function. The most important cultural foundation is mainly the intellectual "background" created by the teachings of Friedrich Nietzsche, Karl Marx, and Sigmund Freud. The ideas of Anglo-American pragmatism played a significant role in forming a new morality, which included the denial of religion and its values, giving it a utilitarian character. During the subsequent historical period and at present, these views have become the basis for the creation of the so-called "individual faith," in which religion ceases to be the guide of human life but only serves the needs of the individual. The desacralization of religion leads to the study of different aspects of sexuality, which opens up the possibility for modern thinking about gender. The concept of "natural law" should also be attributed to the intellectual factors of the formation of modern European tolerance.

Conceptual framework for establishing twins prevention and continuous health promotion programme: a qualitative study

BackgroundTwin registries and cohorts face numerous challenges, including significant resource allocation, twins’ recruitment and retention. This study aimed to assess expert feedback on a proposed pragmatic idea for launching a...

Indicators for teaching assessment

This commentary on Schönbrodt et al. (2022) and Gärtner et al. (2022) aims at complementing the ideas regarding an implementation of DORA for the domain of teaching. As there is neither a comprehensive assessment system based on empirical data nor a competence model for teaching competencies available, yet, we describe some pragmatic ideas for indicators of good teaching and formulate desiderates for future research programs and validation.

Stylistic and syntactic functions of parceling (on the material of B.L. Vasilyev’s novella "The Dawns Here Are Quiet")

The article describes one of expressive syntax techniques, namely parcelled constructions, identified in B.L. Vasilyev’s novella "The Dawns Here Are Quiet". The stylistic and syntactic functions of parcelling are determined and analysed using structural-semantic and functional stylistic analysis. The article concludes that parcelling as a stylistic device is a universal phenomenon of a multifunctional nature. It facilitates the implementation of the author’s various pragmatic ideas. Besides the main stylistic function, i. e. the function of expressively highlighting a certain part of the utterance, parcelled sentences perform several additional functions in a literary text: figurative, characterological, emotional-emphatic, expressive-grammatical. It is revealed that the syntactic functions of parcels in the novella are diverse. In simple sentences, they can be both their main and secondary parts. In composite sentences, they function as the predicative part which is attached to the main utterance using a subordinating, coordinating, or asyndetic connection. The variety of stylistic and syntactic functions of parcelled constructions enabled B. Vasilyev to realistically convey the atmosphere of the pre-war and war periods. He managed to describe the protagonists’ characters and their actions in a true to life way, making the narrative sound natural.

A Pragma-Stylistics Analysis Of Poem “Sometimes I Cry” By “Tupac Shakur”: Perspective Of Paul Grice’s Theory Of Implicature, Searle’s Speech Acts Theory And Levinson’s Deictic Expressions

To analyse any text with regard to logical considerations is how one approaches the text intent and aim of the writer. This research project takes a practical and stylistic look at the poem "Sometimes I Cry" by Tupac Shakur. This research aims to shed light on the stylistic deployment of pragmatic ideas in literary and, more specifically, dramatic speech. This research examines the pragmatics of Tupac Shakur's poem by applying an eclectic theory based on the works of Searle (1979) and Grice (1975), as well as Cruse (2006) for deixis: the Thus, Searle's categorization of SA as realistic, expressive, directorial, commissioned, and declared is scrutinised for each poem's analysis. Grice's tenets (quality, quantity, style, and relationship) are also investigated in each piece to see how much the poet relied on and disliked them to deliver his message. Each poem's translation was examined via the lens of five different types of deixis (personal, time, place, social, and discourse). Thus, the study seeks to analyse the texts of the chosen poem through the use of pragmatic methods in order to determine the poet's style, which is how the right comprehension of the writing can be attained, as well as to determine the most common kinds of language acts a poet uses, to demonstrate how non-compliance with concepts generate stylistic impact on two levels of collaboration in Tupac the rapper Shakur's poem, and to identify types of deixis. This research needs to draw the following conclusions about communication acts: 1) speech actions that are expressive are more common compared to different types. The poet dislikes the majority of Grice's maxims, qualitative maxim being the most prominent of these. The third reason is because the poet mostly used temporal deixis. (4) Tupac Shakur, the rapper, and other lexical components in the poem only employ Grice's three maxims to express ideas and meanings indirectly.

The Theory of Impermanence is a Pragmatic Idea to Improve the Quality of One's Existence.

The Theory of Impermanence is a Pragmatic Idea to Improve the Quality of One's Existence.

Is there a right to knowledge about our origins?

Is there a right to knowledge about the origins of life and the origins of humanity? Here, I mean knowledge of a sort that astrobiology may be able to supply. And a right of the sort that might be acknowledged within international declarations, agreements, and codes of conduct. A distinguishing feature of the paper is an argument strategy that draws upon pragmatic discussions of animal rights and links a pragmatic idea of rights to interests. The background thought here is that discussions of rights in the non-human case can enrich our understanding of the rights that we should ascribe to humans as well as our understanding of what it means to ascribe a right. A right to knowledge about our origins can be supported by the classic autonomy-based approach towards rights, given that such a right would help to optimize the conditions under which autonomy is exercised. However, the case for a right to knowledge about origins strengthens when we draw upon a more interest-based approach and say that rights can also be tied to strong interests. In order to support the idea that humans have a sufficiently strong interest in the relevant kinds of knowledge, i.e., astrobiological knowledge about origins, appeal is made to the historical spread, depth and persistence of our human concern with origins, evidenced by Indigenous cosmologies and storytelling about how life began. Our history as a moral community is, in part, a history of reflection upon origins, with astrobiology functioning as a recent and productive way of engaging in such reflection.

Здоровый образ жизни: философское измерение

Introduction. The article deals with the issue of “healthy lifestyle” as a multidimensional phenomenon that requires complexity in the research process, and also substantiates the need to overcome the limitations of private scientific methodology. Philosophical understanding of the problem of health and the phenomenon of a healthy lifestyle is carried out in the modern context of the development of knowledge. Theoretical analysis. To substantiate the integrity, the intellectual potential of the philosophical tradition is involved, a critical analysis of the one-dimensionality of natural-scientific ideas about the corporeality of a person is carried out. The multifunctionality of a healthy lifestyle and its integration into the cultural and mental basis of modern civilization are analyzed. The potential of the ideas of idealism, realism, pragmatism and existentialism for the study of the problem of education and human development is revealed. The valeological component of life and health of the population of the country is indicated. The author’s vision of the phenomenon of a healthy lifestyle, as one of the phenomena of social life, is proposed. The role of education in the formation of a healthy lifestyle of the younger generation is determined. The consequences of the application of body-oriented practices as a new direction of culture are shown. Conclusion. It is generalized that a healthy lifestyle is a safe state of human existence. The necessity of creating a philosophy of a healthy lifestyle is substantiated.

The Individual and the Community in Stoic Pragmatism

The present paper outlines John Lachs’s idea of stoic pragmatism and develops its important part that is the relation between the individual and the community. In his project, Lachs reduces the whole tradition of Stoic philosophy to its later, Roman version and tries to link it with the philosophical tradition of American pragmatism (especially William James, John Dewey, and George Santayana, who is close to pragmatism at some points) hoping that it is possible for these two to "enrich and complete each other" so that to provide "a better attitude to life than either of the two views alone." Stoic pragmatism pursues factual improvement in the quality of life for individuals living in given social circumstances, rather than a new theory about such improvement. Interestingly, stoic pragmatism overlaps at many points with the so-called modern stoicism, a movement that uses Stoic ethics in contemporary contexts.

Pragmatism in Evidence-Based Practice - Not to the Extreme, Please.

Over the years, I have written many articles on the subject of evidence-based practice (EBP). At times, the writing has been entirely derogatory; at others, it has been a bit more forgiving. In attempting to crystalize my notion of evidence in practice, I have concluded that pragmatism is a central driver of the process and that such pragmatism may attempt to whitewash the problem of bias in order to make findings useful for clinicians. To further clarify my position, the ideas of pragmatism, EBP, and bias are considered here.

The Function of Pragmatics in Translation and the Pragmatic Challenges Translators Face

This study looked at the role of pragmatics in English-Dari translation as well as the difficulties and problems that translators confront on a daily basis. Since pragmatics has recently attracted attention and growth from various academics and linguists, this study deemed pragmatics to be a factor of substantial relevance in translation processes. This growth is cause for concern. The objectives of the study were met by using the analytical descriptive approach, which also helped to identify the problems and difficulties faced by translators. Five questions were included in each of the two parts of a questionnaire test about the value of pragmatics in translation as well as the obstacles and hurdles that translators encountered while attempting to translate pragmatic ideas from English into Dari. This probe involved the twelve Dari translators. The results of the study show that pragmatics is very important when translating between English and Dari. The results of the first part of the questionnaire showed that 90% of the responses and an overall average of 3.5% out of 4% supported the use of pragmatics in translation. With a response rate of 90% and an overall average of 3.5% out of 3% for the five questions in the questionnaire's second section on the existence of pragmatic issues and challenges faced by translators, the findings also illustrated the significance of understanding pragmatics for successful translation.

“Making Education Possible Again”: Pragmatist Experiments for a Troubled and Down‐to‐Earth Pedagogy

AbstractIn this article, Bianca Thoilliez draws on pragmatist notions of fallibilism and pluralism to develop proposals for possible educational interventions to address the problem of “post‐truth” conditions. Post‐truth, she contends, is not only a political danger for liberal democracies, but it also poses a serious threat of extinction for our educational practices. With the help of some of Bruno Latour's and Danna Haraway's categories, and with the narrative intervention of Gerald Durrell's My Family and Other Animals, Thoilliez attempts to adapt both Charles Peirce's and William James's classic pragmatist ideas in order to experiment with new horizons of thought capable of overcoming the exhausted pedagogical divides of docility/indocility, conserve/discard, and optimism/pessimism that often seem woven into the definition of educational relationships, the establishment of curriculum content, and the orientation of pedagogical actions. As an alternative, she recommends building communitarian alliances of fallibilistic inquiry and promoting practices of pluralistic cultural provision as more useful educational ends‐in‐view that embody a down‐to‐earth pedagogy capable of reinstating trust, taking care of truths, looking for ways of keeping our lives together, and making education possible again. Thus, here Thoilliez proposes a pedagogy that neither fixes nor evades our troubles, but one that stays with them.

Comparison of Preparatory Physical Education Teacher Education Programs in Korea and China and Examining the Implications

PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the effective and pragmatic idea regarding the development of physical education teacher education (PETE) programs in China. These programs share both similarities and differences in China and Korea, and they are also discussed here.METHODS Six universities reflecting the regional specificities of Korea and China were selected following consultation with experts. Data collected through in-depth interviews, non-participatory observation, literature, and local documents were analyzed and interpreted by using the comparative analysis research method.RESULTS First, when comparing the curriculum, which was divided into liberal arts, major, and teaching subjects in both countries, the ratio of liberal arts and teaching subjects was similar in Korea following major subjects. As for China, major subjects came in first, followed by liberal arts and teaching subjects. Second, the relative pros and cons of preliminary sports teacher education in Korea and China were aimed at nurturing competent sports experts with both expertise and personality. They were generally similar in terms of content dimensions; however, they were found to be different in several areas. Particularly in the case of China regarding the teaching subject, practical subjects that were of pragmatic help to the school field were found to be relatively insufficient. Third, the implications for improving China's preliminary PETE were to emphasize the importance of personality in educational goals at the goal level, and as for the content level, it was necessary to replaced them with classes that could be of pragmatic use in the existing teaching method. Furthermore, at the methodological level, professional training of physical education teachers should be proposed, training them to cultivate character. Finally, more positive changes can be pursued if efforts at the environmental level are well-matched and improved.CONCLUSIONS To improve China's preliminary PETE program, it is necessary to enhance the environment and institutions using various teaching methods to cultivate expertise, such as practical aspects of university-field linkage and preliminary teacher personality education.

A framework for rehabilitation for older adults living with dementia

Introduction & BackgroundThe aging of the population assures increased prevalence of Individuals Living with Dementia (ILwD) and there will be an increased representation of this cohort requiring physical rehabilitation. If physical therapists (PTs) manage these patients as they do their age-matched, cognitively-intact peers, they will likely be unsuccessful. ILwD have unique needs related to interpersonal and pragmatic components of rehabilitation. Therapeutic nihilism (doubting the benefit of therapy) is well-documented in PTs, either because of existing biases about dementia or previous challenges in working with ILwD. Physical rehabilitation eligibility and placement decisions are often made by PTs without special training in dementia, based upon brief exposure to patients in environments not well-designed for their best functioning. This can lead to underestimation of rehabilitation potential and denial of future PT services. PTs who work with ILwD desire more practical knowledge and targeted skills. Those with more education and training have a more positive attitude and outlook related to ILwD.PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a framework for rehabilitation with ILwD equipped with pragmatic ideas to facilitate therapeutic success. The four primary components of the model are: (1) Establish a personal RELATIONSHIP, (2) Use intentional verbal and nonverbal COMMUNICATION, (3) Understand and optimize MOTOR LEARNING capabilities, and (4) Create a safe, purposeful ENVIRONMENT. Specific strategies to help PTs optimize each component are provided with supporting evidence. The model is intended to be dynamic, encouraging PTs to capitalize on the most accessible strategies within their control for a given patient and setting.ImplicationsThis framework provides a practical resource for working with ILwD with immediate implications for facilitating therapeutic success. The model is displayed in a schematic that reminds the reader of ideas at a glance within the context of each of the components. If an appreciation for this content was among core competencies required among PTs working with ILwD, perhaps there would be significantly fewer patients written off as “uncooperative” or “unable to participate” in PT.

CENTENARY OF THE RAPPAL TREATY: ANNIVERSARY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CRISIS OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND GERMANY

April 16, 2022 marks the 100th anniversary of the Treaty of Rapallo, concluded between Russia and Germany during the Genoa Conference. His fate and role is still controversial. Particular attention is paid to the «spirit of Rapallo» – a realistic and pragmatic idea of peaceful development in the context of today’s increased politicization and curtailment of Russian-German economic relations. We consider that following a direct decrease in mutual trade the very significance of Russian-German economic cooperation is further underestimated emotionally and subjectively. Based on a cross-country cross-sectoral analysis, the paper analyzes the interdependence of the key economies of Russia and Germany are presented. We identified the key import positions of both countries. It is emphasized that a purely quantitative calculation of the reduction of ties may be insufficient, since it does not take into account the cascading economic effects generated from supply chains. Using results of surveys of the German business community, we assessed the strength of the sanctions measures introduced with the active support of Germany against Russia regarding the disconnection from the SWIFT system, the freezing of financial accounts, the measures introduced against the Central Bank of Russia – up to the freezing in principle of economic relations between countries are presented. The author concludes that the anniversary of the Rapallo Treaty, for objective reasons of the military-political situation, remained in the shadows and cannot again put forward considerations for constructive cooperation. Most likely, in the expert community, a reference to it may have an impact on western companies in order to prevent a complete break in business relations with Russian companies.

Translating ἐὰν μή ‘unless’ Conditionals

The Greek conditional construction ἐὰν μή is usually translated into English using unless, which is a portmanteau combining the ideas of a conditional if and a negative not. Sentences containing ἐὰν μή ‘unless’ can often be challenging to translate for a combination of reasons: 1) in the majority of cases, the usual order of protasis (conditional clause) and apodosis (consequence clause) is reversed; 2) typically, both clauses are negative (or the protasis is negative and the apodosis is a rhetorical question expecting a negative response); 3) at the pragmatic level, the protasis usually describes the only situation or fact that would invalidate the apodosis. In this paper I will show that in many cases conditional sentences with ἐὰν μή ‘unless’ can be rephrased by removing the negative elements in both clauses and making explicit the pragmatic idea of exclusivity. However, this type of rephrasing is not always appropriate, and I discuss a number of situations in which it should potentially be avoided.

Axiological constants of educational mobility

The article analyzes the process of educational mobility in terms of educational philosophy. The philosophical and axiological constants of educational mobility allow us to clearly indicate the purpose of this process. Advantages and disadvantages of mobility form value priorities in integration educational cluster. Values are a litmus test of expediency and effectiveness of mobility for subjects of education and educational system. Axiological human dimension of education ensures its sustainable progressive development, while integration is only a tool to ensure it. The aim of the work is to develop a system of axiological norms formed in the process of educational mobility. It is practically impossible to create a universal system of values for the educational sphere, so we consider dialectical contradictions of socio-cultural categories as an acceptable methodology for the formation of relevant mobility axiological constants. Contradictions of globalization and identification trends, imbalance of in formativeness and communicativeness of educational process, contradictions in issues of openness and accessibility of education, correlation of pragmatic and humanistic ideas in learning, classification of horizontal and vertical forms of mobility are the categories that provide a common understanding of value priorities in education.

Educational ideas of pragmatism and its impact on education in the constext of present

O pragmatismo é uma corrente filosófica que deu uma contribuição singular à história do pensamento filosófico. Ela oferece praticidade ao combinar e herdar a visão do intelectual da modernidade e realçar, de forma elegante, as cores e estilos das escolas filosóficas ocidentais. O pragmatismo se inicia com as teorias de Peirce, James, Dewey e Mead, ao que Schiller, Lewis, Hook continuaram suas pegadas, quando Quine, depois, continuou a desenvolver o que se chamou de neopragmatismo, que se manifesta na literatura e na filosofia política de Rorty. Ao invés vez de nos perguntarmos quais variantes seriam qualificadas como pragmatismo autêntico, sugerimos que seria melhor, mais eficaz e mais atual perguntarmos o que podemos aprender com o antigo a fim de salvar o novo.