Practice Of Condom Use Research Articles

Conhecimento e uso do preservativo por idosos na prevenção do HIV/Aids: Nota Prévia

Objetiva-se avaliar o conhecimento e a prática do uso de preservativo pelo idoso na prevenção do HIV/Aids. Estudo descritivo e exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em 5 casas noturnas da área urbana de Teresina, Piauí. Participaram 383 idosos com idade igual e superior a 60 anos. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de questionário sociodemográfico, conhecimento e prática da prevenção do HIV/Aids, seguido de análise descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados preliminares mostraram que 52,4% dos participantes são do sexo feminino, 73,3% com faixa etária de 65 anos e 53,7% divorciados. Quanto ao conhecimento e uso do preservativo, 97,9% revelaram que a transmissão do HIV/Aids pode ocorrer sem o uso da camisinha; 13,8% apontaram que a transmissão pode ocorrer através do beijo; 39,4% sempre usam preservativo; 19,8% nunca usam camisinha e 61,8% justificaram o não uso por fazerem sexo sempre com o mesmo parceiro. Constatou-se que apesar de a maioria confirmar ser bem informado sobre a doença, houve muita divergência no conhecimento das formas de transmissão, demonstrando assim fragilidade no conhecimento. Dessa forma, é de extrema necessidade que os profissionais de saúde estabeleçam ações voltadas para orientação dessa população, no intuito de promoverem a prática sexual entre os idosos de forma mais segurança e livre de quaisquer danos à saúde.

Prevalence and associated factors of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among female commercial sex workers in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia

BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are the most common pathogens causing genital tract infections. Female commercial sex workers (FCSWs) are the key population to be affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In Ethiopia, little is known about C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections in most at risk population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of these bacterial STIs among FCSWs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the confidential clinic in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia from January to April, 2017. A total of 338 FCSWs were selected using systematic random sampling technique and enrolled in the study. Information about socio-demography and associated factors was collected using structured questionnaires. Endocervical swab samples were also collected from the study participants and tested for C. trachomatis using rapid immunochromatography assay. Samples were also cultured to isolate N. gonorrhoeae according to the standard bacteriological method.ResultsThe prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis among FCSWs was 3.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5–5.3] and 6.8% (95% CI: 3.9–9.5), respectively. FCSWs who consistently practiced sex without condom in the last 6 months had 6.3 times (AOR 6.3; 95% CI 1.61–24.86, P = 0.008), and 4.0 times (AOR 4.0; 95% CI 1.06–15.31, p = 0.040) higher odds of acquiring N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis infections, respectively.ConclusionThe observed rates of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections among FCSWs warrant the need to strengthen intervention efforts. In this regard, screening FCSWs for the specified infections and improving the practice of condom use would be important.

Long-term attitude towards follow-up colposcopy in women of reproductive age after excisional treatment for cervical dysplasia

Introduction/Objective. Very little is known about the factors influencing women?s attitude towards colposcopy follow-up after cervical treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term attitude to follow-up colposcopy in women of reproductive age after cervical excision and to evaluate if their attitude was related to their anxiety and depression levels. Methods. Women treated with cervical excision were interviewed after a follow-up colposcopy visit. Their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. All women filled in the Beck?s anxiety and depression inventory. Results. A total of 160 women were divided into the study group of 42 (26.3%) women who felt discomfort during follow-up colposcopy and the control group of 118 (73.7%) women who did not report such feelings. The mean age of the total sample was 35.3 ? 5.4 years with median time after treatment being five years (range: 2?18). Women in the study group had a significantly lower BMI values, had higher rates of nulliparity and nulligravidity, were more often single or living alone, and had significantly changed their attitude towards condom use after treatment. Beck?s anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher in the study group. Multivariate analysis showed that independent predictors of discomfort during follow-up colposcopy were anxiety levels (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1?1.12), living alone or without a partner (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.08?6.55), and the change in their practice of condom use after treatment (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.02?7.07). Conclusion. Almost one third of women after excisional treatment reported discomfort during their follow-up colposcopy. These women exhibited higher levels of anxiety.

Knowledge and practice of condom use as well as perceived barriers among street adolescents in Cameroon.

IntroductionStreet children in Cameroon are adolescents, vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV and/or AIDS. The level of knowledge and practice of condom use among this population is unknown.Objective of the studyTo assess the knowledge, practice and barriers to condom use in Cameroon.Materials and methodsThe study was an analytical cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015. Questionnaires were administered to street children in a quiet location. Recruitment was made using the snowball technique with the help of peers.ResultsMore than 90% of participants knew of condoms, but only about 6% reported to have used a condom during their last sexual encounter. Most of the participants did not know that condoms could prevent HIV; only a few (15.5%) knew about this.ConclusionStreet adolescents in Cameroon seem to know about condoms, but have insufficient information on the importance of their regular use. The main barriers for the low practice of condom use reported by this population were the following: condoms hinder sexual pleasure; are costly; and it is embarrassing to buy, use or propose to use a condom.

PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN KONDOM PADA LAKI-LAKI OPERATOR KARAOKE DALAM PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN HIV DAN AIDS DI KOTA SEMARANG

Cases of HIV / AIDS continues to increase very fast, HIV virus can lead to decreased levels (CD-4) in patients so it is easy to get opportunistic infection. According to data from the Ministry of Health from 1 April 1987 to 30 September 2014 found 150.296 cases of HIV and 55.700 AIDS cases. Operator Karaoke is one of the professions that at risk because they have partners in the localization and also outside, such as wives or girlfriends.Obligations of 100% condom use has been proclaimed long time ago as the National Strategy to suppress the spread of HIV / AIDS, yet the reality is more preferred to reach female sex workers, transvestites, MSM and IDU so that it can be concluded not to specifically reach Operator Karaoke, which is one of the professions-risk also in the spread of HIV / AIDS.This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence condom use in men at high risk (operator ) in preventing the transmission of HIV / AIDS in Argorejo Resocialization. This was explanatory research, with cross sectional approach and survey to collect the data. The results shows there was relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice of condom use. Factors unrelated to the practice were the age, education, religiousity and the status of marriage. Keywords : Karaoke operator, condom use

HIV/AIDS in Migrant People of Dang District of Nepal

Present status of HIV/AIDS among the migrant people of Dang district along with Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) was assessed by blood testing and questionnaire survey. A total of 1102 blood samples from migrants as well as spouse of migrants were tested for HIV using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits as recommended by national HIV testing protocol. The overall HIV prevalence was found to be 0.6% in Dang district during the year 2012 – 2013. Migrants and spouse of migrants were infected in the equal ratio (0.3%). Maximum of the participants were among the age group 18-34 years and most of them had attained lower secondary level education. Maximum (97.3%) respondents had knowledge about the family planning methods and practice of condom use among the married population was also satisfactory. About 16% of the participants had expressed their practice of sexual relationship outside more than once, which signifies vulnerability to HIV infection. Maximum married females were suffered from Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) which may lead to infection such as Syphilis and HIV/AIDS.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2014, 19(2): 71-75

Factors Affecting Sexually Transmitted Infections in South Korean High School Students.

This study identified factors affecting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among high school students in South Korea. This study was a secondary data analysis using data from the eighth annual Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey conducted in 2012. Data from 2,387 high school students who reported having sexual intercourse were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression by gender. The survey questionnaire measured drug experience, Internet pornography preference, age at first intercourse, and method of contraception. Overall, 7.2% of participants had experienced STIs. The common significant predictors of STIs in male and female students were drug experience, Internet pornography preference, and age at first intercourse. Contraceptive methods were statistically significant only for males; living arrangements and Internet usage were significant only for females. Drug experiences, Internet pornography preference, and age at first intercourse were strong factors that affected both male and female students, suggesting the necessity to reinforce laws and regulations prohibiting drug use and pornography. Moreover, precise and detailed information on intercourse, sexual behaviors, and STIs offered by public health nurses should be officially provided starting in elementary school. For male students, the practice of condom use should be emphasized.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of condom use by women of an impoverished urban area

Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowledge and practice, and an adequate attitude. Regarding the female condom, knowledge, attitude and practice variables were unsatisfactory. Significant associations between knowledge/religious orientation and attitude/education regarding the male condom were observed. A multidisciplinary team should be committed to the development of educational practices as care promotion tools in order to improve adherence of condom use.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Condom Utilization among Patients Enrolled on Antiretroviral Therapy: Case of Mokoni Health Centre, Northern Ethiopia

The burden of HIV/AIDS high in sub-Saharan countries which constitutes two third of globe and is worst in Ethiopia. Therefore identifying determinants of consistent condom use in HIV patients who are on ART had paramount importance in the prevention and control of the diseases. A little is known about the practice of condom use among HIV positive patients. The aimed of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards condom utilization among people living with HIV/AIDS enrolled on ART in Mokoni town. An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among ART users in Mokoni health center from June-august 2013. Data on the study variables was gathered using semi-structured questionnaire. After the subject was asked for their volunteer participation, then we collected data using interview. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the frequency and percentage of different variables. Data was presented in the form of tables and graphs. From the total study participants 177(56.73%) were females. Among 312 participants 35(11.22%) of them had knowledge about people on ARV can’t transmit the HIV virus to un infected partners ,277(88.73%) knew even people taking ARV can transmit HIV to un infected partner .From the total 312 respondents 136(43.59%) had attitudes about people on ARV tend to engage in risky sexual practice ,176(56.41%) didn’t believe people on ARV tend to engage in risky sexual practice. among the total respondents 121(38.78%) agreed that because of availability of ARV people could again engage in un protected sex, 64(20.51) agreed that it was safe to engage in unprotected sex with a person taking ARV. From 165 who were currently use Patterns of condom use among 165 who are using condom currently and 116(70.30%) were consistently used a condom. The majority of patients ART enrolled always use a condom during sexual intercourse. Significant numbers of the respondents were well confident about using condoms and attended session demonstrating about using condoms. Free and explicit discussion on safe sex and enhanced positive attitudes toward condom use should be encouraged.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Condom Use among Males Aged (15-49) Years in Erbil Governorate

Background and Objectives:Globally, condom is an important method of family planning and prevention of sexually transmitted infections especially human immune deficiency virus HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS. Family planning saves lives of women and children and improves the quality of life. This study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices in addition to socio-demographic factors of condom use among males in Erbil governorate.Subjects and method:A cross sectional study conducted on randomly selected sample of 600 males aged 15-49 years from 3 districts of Erbil governorate of Iraqi Kurdistan region by using multistage cluster sampling method to assess their knowledge, attitudes and practice of condom use.Results:Only 12% of respondents had ever used condoms. The main reason for condom use was for family planning in about 91.7%. About a quarter of respondents reported knowing how to use condom correctly. Condoms were considered by respondents as an effective method of contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted infections 33.2% and 28.3% respectively. While 30.3% of them believed that condom use had some harmful effects. The main reason to non condom use was lack of need in 45.5%, fertility related reasons in 17% and the use of other methods by the female partner 13.6%. Although 64% of respondents heard about AIDS /HIV and 71.7% about STIS in general, only few felt that they are at risk of STIs 9.5% and HIV infection 8.5%.Conclusion:The study showed that the rate of condom use was low among the studied sample. This was due to lack of knowledge about proper and effective use of condoms, low perception of risk of HIV and other STIs, misperception about harmful effects of condoms and the use of other family planning methods by respondents and their female sexual partner.

Patterns of condom use and associated factors among adult HIV positive clients in North Western Ethiopia: a comparative cross sectional study

BackgroundThe introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has sharply decreased morbidity and mortality rates among HIV infected patients. Due to this, more and more people with HIV live longer and healthier lives. Yet if they practice sex without condom, those with high viral load have the potential to infect their sero-negative sexual partner or at risk of acquiring drug resistant viral strains from their sexual partner who are already infected. Hence, we aimed to assess practice of condom use and associated factors among HIV positive clients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in North Western Ethiopia.MethodsHospital based comparative cross sectional study was conducted at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in northwest Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 466 study participants from the ART and pre ART clinic of the Hospital. A structured interview administered questionnaire first prepared in English then translated into Amharic was used to collect data. Nurses who were working in the hospital but not in the HIV clinic were recruited and trained as data collectors.ResultsA total of 454 (224 respondents from ART naive and 230 ART experienced groups) were included in the study. Females constitute 151 (67.4%) and 133 (57.8%) of pre ART and ART group respectively. The ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 72 years. The average age was 31.7 years for women and 36.6 years for the men. About half of the participants (47.4% of ART group and 50.4% of the pre ART group) were sexually active. Inconsistent condom use was reported by 61(56%) ART and 50 (44.2%) of the pre ART sexually active study participants.ConclusionsThe study found that those who are on ART were at lower risk of using condom inconsistently as compared to the ART naïve patients living with HIV. Therefore, these results are of high importance in order to design tailored interventions.

Knowledge, Sources of Information and Practice of Condom Use in the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among Rural Dwellers in Delta State, Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and differences between genders on their knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of STIs among rural dwellers in Delta S tate. Two research questions and two hypotheses were used to test the data. Data were generated using a self-design closed ended questionnaire. The sample were 384 rural dwellers. The statistics were frequency count, percentages, means, standard deviation and a two-way ANOVA. The results reveal that rural dwellers in Delta S tate were inadequate in knowledge, sources of information and practice of STIs and condom use in the prevention of STIs. There was no difference between males and females on their knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of STIs. However, there was significant relationship between knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of STIs. Among the recommendations was the need to intensify campaign on STIs in the rural areas in Delta State using the most accepted traditional methods of information dissemination among others.

Knowledge, Sources of Information and Practice of Condom Use in the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among Rural Dwellers in Delta State, Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and differences between genders on their knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of STIs among rural dwellers in Delta S tate. Two research questions and two hypotheses were used to test the data. Data were generated using a self-design closed ended questionnaire. The sample were 384 rural dwellers. The statistics were frequency count, percentages, means, standard deviation and a two-way ANOVA. The results reveal that rural dwellers in Delta S tate were inadequate in knowledge, sources of information and practice of STIs and condom use in the prevention of STIs. There was no difference between males and females on their knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of STIs. However, there was significant relationship between knowledge, sources of information and practice of condom use in the prevention of STIs. Among the recommendations was the need to intensify campaign on STIs in the rural areas in Delta State using the most accepted traditional methods of information dissemination among others.

The Intent and Practice of Condom Use Among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex with Men in Japan

To evaluate the intent and practice of condom use among Japanese HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), a survey using anonymous questionnaires was carried out and 117 respondents were investigated. For anal sex and oral sex, respectively, 58.1% and 15.2% intended to use condoms and 47.2% and 12.4% used condoms all of the time. The intent of condom use decisively affected the practice of condom use and was closely related to the perceived risk level of HIV/sexually transmitted (STI) transmission. In anal sex, willingness to protect sexual partners from HIV infection was strongly related not only to the intent but also to the practice. Enhancement of willingness to protect oneself from STI was suggested to enhance willingness to protect his/her sexual partners from HIV infection with secondary enhancement of the intent or the practice of condom use. Specific support of MSM with HIV for improving the intent and practice of condom use is urgently needed.

Knowledge and practice of condom use among black and white South Africans

The aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and sexual practices with reference to correct use of condoms among 108 Black and 114 White adult South Africans chosen by systematic random sampling. Results indicated that about 25% of the sexually active sample (28,6% Blacks and 18,9% Whites) reported never having used condoms. About 55% of the sample reported never using condoms, 20% always, 12% regularly and 13% irregularly in the preceding three months. The overall knowledge mean score about correct usage was 7,7% (Whites 8,3 and Blacks 7,1) (range 0-10). The most common mistakes with the respect to condom use knowledge were ignorance before putting on a condom just before ejaculation (44%), when to take off a condom (41%), unrolling a condom before putting it on the penis (33%), and the use of oil-based lubricant with a condom (31%). Predictors for programmes consider cultural diversity.

Knowledge and practice of condom use among first year students at University of the North, South Africa.

The aim of the study is to investigate knowledge and sexual practices with reference to correct use of condoms among first year South African University students. The sample consisted of 206 participants, 146 female and 60 male, the mean age was 20.9 years (SD = 3.4), with a range from 17 to 34 years. Results indicated that one third (29.2%) of the sample reported never using condoms, 35.4% always, 19.8% regularly and 8.5% irregularly in the past three months. About 90% levels of correct answers for condom use were found for the items of 'condoms as protection against STD and AIDS', 'expiry date of condoms', and 're-using condoms'. More than 15% were not aware that a condom should be put on before any contact with the vagina. The most common mistakes with respect to condom use were ignorance about the correct moment to put on a condom (56%), and when to take off a condom (55%). Male sex and especially increasing recent sexual encounters was associated with correct condom knowledge. The most common reasons for not using a condom were 'I do not have the AIDS virus' and 'I thought I was safe' seems to indicate a low perceived susceptibility. Findings are discussed in view of condom promotion programmes.

Knowledge and practice of condom use in an urban adult community sample of the Northern Province, South Africa

There is a paucity of data concerning condom use, especially regarding knowledge about the correct use of condoms in South Africa. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate knowledge and sexual practices with reference to correct use of condoms among an urban adult community in the Northern Province.
 
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Determinants of safer‐sex behaviors of brothel female commercial sex workers in Jakarta, Indonesia

A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Kramat Tunggak, an official brothel complex in Northern Jakarta. The objectives were to investigate factors that influence the female commercial sex workers' consistent practice of condom use. These factors were classified into personal behaviors and external factors, such as government programs and the brothel managers' and the clients' attitudes towards condom use. After controlling for sociodemographic factors, the sexworkers' previous experiences in negotiating condom use and in using them for family‐planning purposes were found to be significantly directly associated with consistent condom use. On the other hand, the clients' and the brothel managers' attitudinal barriers towards condom use and the sexworkers' exposure to government programs were inversely associated with consistent condom use. Changes in the government STD/AIDS‐related policy, education, and health programs among the female sex‐worker community is urgently needed to substantially increase their condom use practice.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND RISK BEHAVIOUR IN RELATION TO AIDS/HIV AMONG RECRUITS OF A REGIMENTAL CENTRE

A cross-sectional study to find out the knowledge, attitudes beliefs and certain behaviours in relation to HIV/AIDS among military recruits in a regimental centre was carried out in two stages. In the first stage all recruits reporting to a regimental centre between January-December 97, (n=913), were given a closed questionnaire to be completed anonymously. In the second stage 236 recruits were randomly selected for more detailed analysis for studying relationship of factors such as urban/rural residence, age and education with knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in relation to AIDS. Though there was a fairly good awareness of sexual routes of transmission only 38.88% of recruits were aware of parenteral routes of transmission. Only 47.75% of the recruits were aware of healthy carriers or asymptomatic transmission. Much gap between knowledge and practice of condom use was observed. About 17% of the recruits believed that AIDS is curable and 21.58% believed it to be non-fatal. Sociodemographic factors like urban/rural residence, age and education had little bearing on knowledge, attitudes and behaviour.