Practice Arena Research Articles

Promoting career studies in theory and practice

The purpose of this paper is to anticipate and help promote a growing conversation around the field of career studies. It is a conversation relevant to both scholars and practitioners, to social scientists of various disciplines, and to regional and global employment arrangements. We will briefly review the field of career studies, show how it complements ideas on ‘vocational guidance’, examine the emergence of the global knowledge-driven economy, and highlight the existence of separate – rather than shared - conversations among careers scholars. We will close with an appeal to promote and sustain future interdisciplinary conversation, as well as greater interaction between the arenas of theory and practice.

Electronic medical record clinical workload metrics from 10,210 gastroenterologists in North America.

In the United States, clinical work had been primarily compensated via a relative value unit (RVU)system reliant on professional surveys estimating the value of clinical care events. However, with the advent of time-based billing in 2021, time accounting has become an important work compensation metric. The Signal functionality within Epic, the most widely used electronic medical record(EMR) system in North America, tracks clinician time within the system. We extracted Epic Signal data from 10,200 gastroenterologists at 356 North American institutions for analysis. Workload metrics were reported as group median (interquartile range) per month and comparisons were performed using nonparametric testing. Gastroenterologists exhibit different EMR time patterns based on clientele and practice arenas. Compared with counterparts, pediatric and academic gastroenterologists spend more time at each encounter which had not been compensated under prior RVU valuations. Clinical compensation benchmarks should be driven by time-based workload metrics to ensure appropriate compensation.

Vive la république européenne? Reading The European Balcony Project as artistic counter-public

ABSTRACT The article first contextualizes the European Balcony Project (EBP), a manifesto written by authors Ulrike Guérot, Robert Menasse, and theatre director Milo Rau who subsequently put it up for discussion in various public fora. On 10 November 2018, artists and citizens performed the manifesto and proclaimed the European Republic from (theatre) balconies and public places in 25 European countries. They encouraged a dialogue that sought to promote a more diverse public sphere. In my reading, the EBP emerges as a contemporary version of Oskar Negt’s and Alexander Kluge’s public counter sphere, as a real and imaginary community in which political participation is enacted through the medium of talk in an arena of discursive interaction and democratic practice. By reading the texts in the context of a political avantgarde project, I show how the interventions aim to set a counterpoint to the resurgence of nationalism and promote a vision of a democratic continent based in shared values. My article thus illustrates how public art performances such as the EBP contribute to the thickening of imaginative relations throughout Europe and might aid in the construction of a larger European cultural identity.

The symbolic politics of cultural heritage: a view from Portugal

This paper highlights the centrality of the social representation of cultural heritage for the symbolic legitimization of a regime and the foundation of its social and cultural policies. The relevance attributed to history, its codification into heritage and the formation of a collective memory are indeed arenas of social practice, power and hegemony. The Portuguese example is a good one, because one can compare contrasting visions of the authoritarian regime of Salazar and those of the new and current democratic order. We examine how the Portuguese democracy has reconstructed a national consensus regarding the interpretation of national history and identity; we consider the role of the new interpretation in the redefining of the Portuguese placement in the world system; and some conclusions will be tentatively drawn from this case study.

Improvement opportunities for the achievement of reciprocal nursing academic-practice partnerships

American healthcare reform efforts are driving healthcare organizations to demonstrate the ability to reduce costs while improving quality and optimizing healthcare outcomes. Nurses are the largest healthcare clinicians and need proper preparatory education to enter the profession as practice-ready clinicians; however, medical errors and reduced nursing board examination success rates highlight the need for improved nurse academic preparation standards. Evidence has elucidated an expanding nursing education-practice gap problem arising from inadequate integration of academic leadership and faculty within the clinical practice arena. The nursing education-practice gap has been exacerbated by governance structures in academia that limit opportunities for nursing faculty to remain actively engaged in clinical practice settings. To improve new graduate nurse practice readiness, healthcare quality, and cost-effectiveness, academic institutions must partner with healthcare delivery organizations within mutually beneficial models. The purpose of this article is to describe the expanding nursing education-practice gap problem in relevance to American healthcare quality and reform initiatives and to propose innovative solutions assigned with evidence-based standards.

Oral appliance therapy and hypoglossal nerve stimulation as non-positive airway pressure treatment alternatives for obstructive sleep apnea: a narrative expert review.

This perspective on alternatives to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) summarizes the proceedings of a focus group that was conducted by the Sleep Research Society Foundation. This perspective is from a multidisciplinary panel of experts from sleep medicine, dental sleep medicine, and otolaryngology that aims to identify the current role of oral appliance therapy and hypoglossal nerve stimulation for the treatment of OSA with emphasis on the US practice arena. A secondary aim is to identify-from an implementation science standpoint-the various barriers and facilitators for adoption of non-PAP treatment that includes access to care, multidisciplinary expertise, reimbursement, regulatory aspects, current treatment guidelines, health policies, and other factors related to the delivery of care. The panel has contextualized the review with recent events-such as a large-scale PAP device recall compounded by supply chain woes of the pandemic-and emerging science in the field of OSA and offers solutions for multidisciplinary approaches while identifying knowledge gaps and future research opportunities.

Salons 2: Public Folklore, Heritage, and Social Justice

Abstract The “Social Justice” salons, organized by the Fellows of the American Folklore Society, spotlighted public folklore's rapidly evolving strategies for crisis intervention, where crises, whether political, epidemiological, or environmental, may be linked to underlying conditions of social inequality. Exploring how the skill sets and resources of folklorists can intersect with heritage frameworks to ameliorate forms of social injustice, participants delineated this emergent practice arena in the field. Discussions illuminated both the potential and perils of using heritage as a means of crisis intervention and healing.

Approved or disregarded? Exploring arenas for narrative relations in geriatric care

ABSTRACT Purpose The use of narration in healthcare has been accentuated as a response to the requested shift towards person-centred care. The notion of narrative relations refers to a process of involving several people in mutual and ongoing narrative exchange. This study aimed to explore how and where narrative relations may be adopted and enacted in everyday healthcare practice. Methods The study has a qualitative, explorative design. Seven interprofessional focus group discussions with healthcare staff were prompted by vignettes. A multidisciplinary team of healthcare staff (n = 31) were recruited on a geriatric ward. Data were analysed using a constant comparative method. Results A core theme shows how narrative relations are adopted and enacted both as part of an approved practice—the work procedures commonly approved as part of healthcare, and as a disregarded practice where covert but important narrative relations take place to support fundamental qualities of healthcare. Moreover, the findings consider arenas of healthcare practice where approved or disregarded practices are enacted in the clinic frontstage and the clinic backstage. Conclusions Narrative relations may take place in different arenas of healthcare practice yet simultaneously become a cohesive force interconnecting those arenas and uphold continuity. Impeded narrative relations in one arena may have unintended consequences in another.

Book Review of Building courage, confidence, and capacity in learning and teaching through student-faculty partnership: Stories from across contexts and arenas of practice, edited by Alison Cook-Sather and Chanelle Wilson

Book Review of Building courage, confidence, and capacity in learning and teaching through student-faculty partnership: Stories from across contexts and arenas of practice, edited by Alison Cook-Sather and Chanelle Wilson

Ancestral commons: the deep-time emergence of Bronze Age pastoral mobility

During the third millennium BC, new types of anthropogenic landscape emerged across northern Europe: heathlands and pasture. These open landscapes afforded mobile pastoralism and the arena for a new funerary practice: barrow building. Here, the authors define this entanglement of people, animals and landscapes as a literal and figurative ‘ancestral commons’. Focusing on western Jutland, they combine palaeoecological and archaeological evidence to characterise the form and temporal depth of the co-emergent links between pastoralism, barrows and mobility. Conceptualising the ancestral commons as a deep-time entanglement, characterised by rhythms of physical and metaphorical movement, reveals a landscape that afforded shared understanding of the ancestral past and a foundation for the subsequent Nordic Bronze Age.

Becoming Woke by the ASWB Pass Rates: A Closer Look at Racial Inequities in Social Work

ABSTRACT There has been widespread outrage within the social work profession regarding racial disparities in pass rates of licensing exams developed and administered by the Association of Social Work Boards (ASWB). The most supported remedy has been to eliminate testing for some categories of licensure with Connecticut, Illinois, and Rhode Island leading the way. Standardized testing has historically been a gatekeeping practice criticized for its exclusionary nature with no empirical evidence linking it to more competent mental health and other social work practice. Thus, the profession is correct in questioning an exam’s relevance in social work regulation. However, the licensure test has become a lightning rod issue preventing more substantive analyses, debate, and antiracist reforms within the profession’s policy, practice, and education arenas. This article uses the disparity in ASWB pass rates as the impetus for a more critical look at systemic issues in social work adversely impacting Black individuals entering the profession. The authors acknowledge that an anti-racist agenda in social work requires tackling long-standing problems that will not be as easily solved as eliminating multiple choice testing.

Antiwitchcraft Movements in Colonial Asante

Abstract Silences exist in the British colonial archives and the secondary literature on Asante's resistance to colonial rule. The Yaa Asantewaa War (1900–1) is cited as the main instance of resistance. This study challenges these assumptions by arguing that Asante resistance was apparent in the arena of Asante religious belief and practice, and particularly rooted in antiwitchcraft movements. These movements materialized not in periods of extreme violence and sociopolitical decay, but in the environments between socioeconomic chaos and stability. Such periods were usually characterized by pronounced social, political, and economic changes and transitions. The study concludes by situating the history of these antiwitchcraft movements in Ghana's broad historical trends in religiosity and belief using a qualitative research methodology based on archival records, interviews, secondary literature, and multimedia from YouTube.

New registered nurse and registered psychiatric nurse graduates' transition-to-practice amid the pandemic: An art-based grounded theory study

BackgroundAccording to the Transition Shock theory, new Registered Nurses face formidable obstacles within their first year of practice. However, little is known about the experience of new Registered Psychiatric Nurses entering the workforce. ObjectivesThe aim was to explore how new graduates from nursing and psychiatric nursing experience their transition into the workplace that included identifying mediating factors that assist or challenge these entry-level professionals within their transition. DesignConstructivist grounded theory methodology developed by Charmaz was utilized to explore the first-year transition period using art-based methods. Participants and settingA total of 13 new graduates practicing as Registered Nurses and Registered Psychiatric Nurse in a western Canadian province were recruited to participate in the study. Three art-based workshops occurred at four, eight, and 12-months starting in the fall of 2020 through the Spring of 2021 during the novel coronavirus pandemic with subsequent member checks in the Spring of 2022. MethodsA total of 38 interview and focus group data were collected. Art-based activities included sand tray and figurine object exercises, collaging, reflective and thematic writing, as well as group concept mapping. Through co-creation of knowledge using Charmaz's methodology, participants selected the major themes throughout their first year of transition with guided researcher facilitation. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method of analysis for each workshop drawing on the art creations, discussion, and narrative reflective writing pieces generated by participants. ResultsParticipants were in a basic psychosocial process of growing personal and professional self. Through co-construction of knowledge with the participants, three substantive interconnected categories were identified: (1) Being thrown into the fire; (2) Adjusting and adapting to the team environment; and (3) Nurturing self and others. ConclusionsThe findings revealed many recommendations for employers hiring new graduates and nursing education programs preparing graduates for the practice arena.

Recognising the recovering addict with Honneth: an intervention into the stigmatising language debate in the alcohol and other drugs field

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the recommendation to replace identity-first language with person-first language on people who self-identify as recovering addicts as part of a recovery programme. Narcotics Anonymous (NA) will be used to illustrate the contextualised nature of the recovering addict identity.Design/methodology/approachTo demonstrate the value of the recovering addict identity and social relations in NA, this paper draws on Axel Honneth’s theory of mutual recognition and self-formation.FindingsPerson-first language overlooks the significance of identity-first language to people in 12-step recovery. This oversight is linked to the logic of stigma reduction which excludes all identity-first language by association rather than assessing the impact of such terms on a case-by-case basis. Honneth’s theory is used to show how the recovering addict identity facilitates self-confidence and self-esteem through relations of mutual recognition in NA.Research limitations/implicationsThe argument excludes people who identify as recovering addicts, but do not attend 12-step groups. Further research would be needed to understand how the recommendation to use person-first language instead of identity-first language impacts upon other recovery communities and pathways.Practical implicationsThe recommendation to replace identity-first language with person-first language might result in 12-step fellowships becoming marginalised within the broader academic and policy and practice arena. Language preferences can become a contentious issue when 12-step groups and their members enter the wider recovery arena where their preferred terminology is viewed as stigmatising and dehumanising.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first article to propose an alternative theoretical framework to stigma reduction for judging morally appropriate language in the alcohol and drugs field.

Group e-mentoring: Learnings from a pilot of assistive technology group mentoring in Australia

ABSTRACT Mentoring relationships are pathways to the sharing of tacit knowledge regarding the realities of professional practice, and good evidence supports the efficacy of mentorship among occupational therapists. Mentorship in specific practice areas can be difficult to recruit, and alternative mentoring models and platforms are emerging. This article presents a model of short-term group mentoring using a remote platform in the assistive technology (AT) practice arena. Conducted as a quality improvement activity within two professional associations, four volunteer mentees and five mentors engaged in three 75-minute Zoom-based mentoring sessions over three months. Content was collaboratively designed by a mentee/ mentor dyad from both professional associations. Pre and post-surveys were conducted and analysed to explore the experiences and outcomes for all participants. Positive outcomes for both mentees and mentors were reported, with a range of benefits identified in this small pilot study, Small group time-limited mentoring on topics of mutual interest are likely to be a time effective ‘starting point’ to partially meet mentorship needs. Mentoring remains an enduring and relevant pathway to support occupational therapists to do, to be and to become reflective and competent practitioners. In the face of pragmatic constraints, strategies such as short-term mentoring, group mentoring, and mentoring in a focal practice area, show great promise and may support further mentoring actions. Use of increasingly ubiquitous virtual/remote platforms, particularly in the twenty-first century and with the influence of pandemic-related distancing, are a promising enabler of connection.

Demetrius Porche, DNS, RN, CS, FNP

Demetrius Porche is currently the Dean of Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center School of Nursing (HSC SON) in New Orleans. Demetrius’ long and successful career has ranged from rebuilding the School of Nursing after Hurricane Katrina to leading national efforts to support both community and men’s health. He is a confident, innovative leader; a generous mentor; and a strong partner to nurse leaders in the practice arena. Among many volunteer leadership roles, Dr. Porche has served as president of the Louisiana State Board of Nursing, president of the American Assembly for Men in Nursing, member of the Governing Council of the American Public Health Association, and currently serves on the board of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). Demetrius has been inducted as a fellow in the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, the American Academy of Nursing, and National League for Nursing. He has been the associate editor of the Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care and currently is the chief editor of American Journal of Men’s Health. Demetrius Porche is currently the Dean of Louisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center School of Nursing (HSC SON) in New Orleans. Demetrius’ long and successful career has ranged from rebuilding the School of Nursing after Hurricane Katrina to leading national efforts to support both community and men’s health. He is a confident, innovative leader; a generous mentor; and a strong partner to nurse leaders in the practice arena. Among many volunteer leadership roles, Dr. Porche has served as president of the Louisiana State Board of Nursing, president of the American Assembly for Men in Nursing, member of the Governing Council of the American Public Health Association, and currently serves on the board of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). Demetrius has been inducted as a fellow in the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, the American Academy of Nursing, and National League for Nursing. He has been the associate editor of the Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care and currently is the chief editor of American Journal of Men’s Health. Marla J. Weston, PhD, RN, FAAN, is chief executive officer at Weston Consulting LLC in Washington, DC. She can be reached at [email protected]

Register role and function in the arena of sociocultural practice (critical study of sociocultural practice)

This paper is entitled "The Role and Function of the Register in the Arena of Sociocultural Practices". This theme was raised because in the arena of sociocultural communication practices there is a hidden peculiarity in the form of deception, which is often inconsistent between linguistic aspects and sociocultural behavior. The use of the register as a style of communication rhetoric is built not without reason but contains the motives, intentions, achievements to be achieved. This paper aims to reveal: the form of the register, the role and function of the register, as well as the symbolic meaning of the register in the arena of sociocultural communication practices in the cattle trade. For this reason, a qualitative descriptive method is needed, which attempts to substantially describe aspects of the meaning of the data with in-depth analysis related to the subject matter. In order to arrive at an in-depth interpretation, the following theoretical knowledge is used: sociocultural, sociolinguistic, capitalism, hegemony, hegemonic, and hermeneutic as a strategic method for understanding texts whose meaning must be interpreted. The results of the study indicate: there are forms of oratorical, deliberative, consultative, casual, intimate registers. The function of the register is to act as an instrument of conative and emotive manipulation to influence, weaken, subdue, and restrain hegemonic control or domination. The register has a symbolic meaning of feudalism relations in the form of a phenomenon in the arena of sociocultural communication practices influenced by the discourse on capitalist cultural domination.

Fostering social justice leaders through the social action, leadership and transformation (SALT) model

Fostering social justice leaders through the social action, leadership and transformation (SALT) model

Varieties of improvement expertise: Knowledge and contestation in health-care improvement.

The 'improvement' of health care is now established and growing as a field of research and practice. This article, based on qualitative data from interviews with 21 senior leaders in this field, analyses the growth of improvement expertise as not simply an expansion but also a multiplication of 'ways of knowing'. It illustrates how health-care improvement is an area where contests about relevant kinds of knowledge, approaches and purposes proliferate and intersect. One dimension of this story relates to the increasing relevance of sociological expertise-both as a disciplinary contributor to this arena of research and practice and as a spur to reflexive critique. The analysis highlights the threat of persistent hierarchies within improvement expertise reproducing and amplifying restricted conceptions of both improvement and 'better' health care.

Teaching Beyond Trans-Competency: Exploring Trans-Affirming Pedagogy Through Applied Case Studies

In this paper, we share two applied case studies social work instructors can use to teach trans-affirming, anti-oppressive practice. These cases span two practice arenas, child welfare and low-barrier shelter services, and are derived from practice in the authors’ personal and professional experiences in the Northeastern and Midwestern regions of the United States. For each case, we describe the accompanying class context, share our pedagogical approach, name the underlying assumptions and structures that facilitate harm, explore relevant practice skills, and identify theoretical, philosophical, and ethical commitments essential for trans-affirming practice. Our approach to social work education on transgender and gender expansice (TGE) issues goes beyond the didactic forms of trans-competency lectures we are all too familiar with, whereby students memorize statistics and terms. Instead, we offer strategies to open up possibilities for transformative and sustainable shifts in thinking about social work practice with TGE communities. In this article, we use “TGE” to refer to transgender and gender expansive individuals and LGBTQ+ to refer to people belonging to gender and sexual minority groups. Any deviations represent language used within specific studies or cases cited.