Power Bank Research Articles

Analysis of Passenger Behavior from the Perspective of Public Administration (A Study of the Security Policy of Mutiara Sis Aljufri Palu Airport Related to the Prohibition of Carrying Explosives, Power Banks, Electronic Cigarettes, and Others)

This study aims to determine Passenger Behavior at Mutiara Sis Aljufri Airport, Palu, which examines it from a public administration perspective. Passenger behavior at Mutiara Sis Aljufri Airport, Palu, can be analyzed from a public administration perspective by considering how the interaction between passengers and government institutions and public services takes place. At Mutiara Sis Aljufri Airport, Palu, Aviation Security (Avsec) unit officers are officers at the forefront and are authorized to handle public services and are fully responsible for all matters relating to security at Mutiara Sis Aljufri Airport, Palu and can represent government agencies. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, data collection methods are observation studies, interviews, documentation, and data analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that Avsec officers have carried out their duties according to Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). However, there are still uncooperative passengers, and there are still many passengers who do not or do not know the applicable regulations.

A Study on the Placement Evaluation and Marketing Strategy of Shared Power Banks in Singapore

The sharing economy, marked by collaborative consumption, has seen considerable growth globally. While prevalent in China, its popularity lags in other nations. This paper focuses on power bank sharing services in Singapore, a country embracing innovative sharing solutions. With rising mobile device usage, power bank sharing addresses the need for convenient, on-the-go charging. This paper employs a SWOT analysis, and evaluates a specific power bank sharing company in Singapore. Strengths lie in the app's convenience and growing electronic device reliance, while weaknesses encompass privacy and safety concerns. Opportunities arise from the city-state's tech-savvy and Chinese-dominated population and compact urban landscape, which makes them easily accept this new service. However, threats include regulatory uncertainties and single profit mode do need to be considered. In conclusion, Singapore's demographic and sharing-friendly environment positions power bank sharing as a potent manifestation of the sharing economy's innovation, catering to contemporary demands for accessible and sustainable energy solutions.

Hampered Monetary Policy Transmission ‐ A Supply‐Side Story?

AbstractThis paper shows that the supply side of credit is a major factor for hampered monetary policy transmission in monopolistic banking markets. Our stress test data containing projected interest rates of all 1,555 small and medium‐sized banks in Germany under two hypothetical scenarios provide a clear way to partial out demand shocks that are unrelated to monetary policy; we are thus able to show that while market power banks charge higher loan rates, they spare their borrowers a part of exogenous monetary policy contractions and withhold a substantial part of rising rates from their depositors. Because high market power banks are relatively more profitable, these banks could be able to insure their relationship customers against adverse shocks.

Electrochemical Sacrificial Alchemy: Crafting Hollow Hydroxide Hierarchy for Practical Aqueous Energy Storage Solution

AbstractEffective utilization of internal active sites in high‐mass loading electrode materials is essential for advancing practical energy storage. Herein, a novel electrochemical sacrificial alchemy for the first time to directly transform the solid Co‐Ni‐Zn carbonate hydroxide (CH) into its hollow structure with a strategic hierarchical architecture is introduced. In contrast to the complex and often cumbersome procedures of traditional methods, the approach is built on the simple electrochemically induced in situ etching and remodeling process. The experimental and theoretical analyses highlight the significant role of electric field force‐induced Zn sacrificial etching and hydroxide redeposition in creating internal cavities and regenerating external active sites, leading to the final hollow hierarchical structure with primary 1D hollow nanorod arrays and secondary reconstructed 2D nanoflakes, effectively exposing abundant energy storage sites. Benefiting from the synergistic effect, the resulting Co‐Ni‐Zn CH exhibited exceptional electrochemical performance. As proof of concept, a modular pouch‐type hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) composed of Co‐Ni‐Zn CH cathode achieved an ultrahigh energy density of 46.9 Wh kg−1. This device can efficiently power consumer electronics with a faster charging speed compared to commercial shared power banks. This research unveils a facile electrochemical approach for structuring electrode materials in energy storage solutions.

Off-Grid Systems With Reused Notebook Batteries – A Cost Analysis

Technologies that fall under alternative energy generation methods are currently among the main topics discussed in many environmental and sustainability debates. Among the most commonly used generation methods, on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic systems are prominent, mainly due to the abundance of the energy source. Offgrid, or autonomous, systems rely on energy storage, which requires the use of batteries. The construction of a battery generally involves the combination of cells. In this article, a cost analysis will be carried out to economically demonstrate the viability of a simulated battery assembled from reused cells compared to a new battery with the same characteristics. In this work, batteries are designed using 18650 cells, which are cylindrical cells with a diameter of 18 mm and a length of 65 mm. These cells power many devices, such as laptops and power banks, and were chosen due to the abundance of raw material in discarded equipment. The main result of this analysis is that the use of batteries made from reused cells can make the installation of an off-grid system economically viable, while the installation of such a system with a battery made from new cells is unfeasible. A reused cell can cost about 15% of the price of an equivalent new cell. In an initial analysis, the payback period of an off-grid photovoltaic system can be reduced by approximately 70% when using reused cells, compared to the payback period for a system with new cells

Optoelectronics Interfaces for a VLC System for UHD Audio-Visual Content Transmission in a Passenger Van: HW Design.

This work aims to provide the hardware (HW) design of the optoelectronics interfaces for a visible-light communication (VLC) system that can be employed for several use cases. Potential applications include the transmission of ultra-high-definition (UHD) streaming video through existing reading lamps installed in passenger vans. In this use case, visible light is employed for the downlink, while infrared light is used for the uplink channel, acting as a remote controller. Two primary components -a Light Fidelity (LiFi) router and a USB dongle-were designed and implemented. The 'LiFi Router', handling the downlink channel, comprises components such as a visible Light-Emitting Diode (LED) and an infrared receiver. Operating at a supply voltage of 12 V and consuming current at 920 mA, it is compatible with standard voltage buses found in transport vehicles. The 'USB dongle', responsible for the uplink, incorporates an infrared LED and a receiver optimized for visible light. The USB dongle works at a supply voltage of 5 V and shows a current consumption of 1.12 A, making it well suited for direct connection to a universal serial bus (USB) port. The bandwidth achieved for the downlink is 11.66 MHz, while the uplink's bandwidth is 12.27 MHz. A system competent at streaming UHD video with the feature of being single-input multiple-output (SIMO) was successfully implemented via the custom hardware design of the optical transceivers and optoelectronics interfaces. To ensure the system's correct performance at a distance of 110 cm, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNRmin) for both optical links was maintained at 10.74 dB. We conducted a proof-of-concept test of the VLC system in a passenger van and verified its optimal operation, effectively illustrating its performance in a real operating environment. Exemplifying potential implementations possible with the hardware system designed in this work, a bit rate of 15.2 Mbps was reached with On-Off Keying (OOK), and 11.25 Mbps was obtained with Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) using Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) obtaining a bit-error rate (BER) of 3.3259 × 10-5 in a passenger van at a distance of 72.5 cm between the LiFi router and the USB dongle. As a final addition, a solar panel was installed on the passenger van's roof to power the user's laptop and the USB dongle via a power bank battery. It took 13.4 h to charge the battery, yielding a battery life of 22.3 h. This characteristic renders the user's side of the system entirely self-powered.

Neighborhood housing design using fifth generation manifesto towards nearly zero energy urban developments

Abstract Since cities are growing faster than ever before, this paper traces directly that the fifth generation of sustainable city dimensions is not a prosperous idea or a welfare mode of sustainability but a vital effective way to adapt to Climate change, provide energy production, increase carbon reduction, and enhance pedestrian-occupant thermal comfort. It is a systematic method to alleviate urban canyon temperatures, maximize shading in summer, enhance energy production, and minimize heat transfer. It shows better results than designing apartment buildings with parcel planning with its four wall surfaces absorbing heat all day long. Early from schematic design, the emphasis is based on freehand sketching, adjusting urban aspect ratio, courtyard housing closure ratio, compactness degree, and microclimatic orientation, then adding a layer of humanization with green corridors, and tree species numerically modeled based on microclimate with courtyarded passive housing clusters, moving towards detailed design execution with SCEB bearing wall construction having the majority of its mixture of clay which enhances thermal mass insulation, climate adaptation, indoor thermal comfort, and a green job opportunity. Afterward adding energy plus BIPV on the whole constructed microclimatic-based roof to twist the neighborhood into a power bank saving energy consumption, and to work as a double roof shading. It shows on the other urbanism coin side walkability, sequential visual order, urban identity, and architectural character. Numerical outdoor-indoor coupled simulations took place using Envi-met and DesignBuilder while meteorological and biometeorological parameters were measured. The new recipe ignites a sense of harmonizing results in enhancing environmental sustainability measures.

Role of Indian power markets in energy transition

India's power sector is transforming rapidly, marked by rising demand and a growing share of renewables. The short-term power market provides option for power distribution utilities to meet demand exigency. The paper presents trends and perspectives of short-term electricity trading of select states of India. Market transactions reflect seasonal demand variations, higher during summer-monsoon months, dipping in winters. Analysis of data highlights substantial share of short-term power in the total procurement. Quantum of power traded correlates inversely with operational performance of thermal plants as well as grid share of renewable energy. Suggested policy measures include honing of demand forecasting skills using advanced metering infrastructure, deploying energy storage technologies, including decentralized solar, ensuring sustained supply of coal and preventive maintenance of thermal power plants, initiating seasonal procurement contracts with merchant power plants, encouraging power banking arrangements and including storage component in solar and wind tenders. Power markets, if employed appropriately, can help minimize the demand-supply gap, facilitate energy access, and accommodate higher quantum of green power, thus fulfilling SDG-7 targets.

An integrated method for shared power bank supplier selection based on linguistic hesitant fuzzy multi-criteria group decision making

With the increasing number of smartphone users, the potential of the shared power bank industry is increasing. The shared power bank supplier selection can be regarded as a multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problem with linguistic hesitant fuzzy (LHF) sets (LHFSs). This paper proposes a linguistic hesitant fuzzy MCGDM method based on the MULITMOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization on basis of a Ratio Analysis plus the Full Multiplicative form), the BWM (best and worst method), and the prospect theory (PT). Firstly, a new comparison approach of LHFSs is proposed. We propose the LHF Bonferroni mean (BM), the LHF weighted BM and the LHF generalized weighted BM (LHFGWBM) operators. The decision makers’ weights are acquired via a tri-objective optimization model. This paper extends the BWM to obtain the subjective criteria weights and employs the entropy to acquire the objective criteria weights. The comprehensive criteria weights are generated by the Jenson-Shannon divergence. The LHFGWBM operator is used to generate the collective decision matrix. The comprehensive prospect value decision matrix is obtained. Then, we propose the PT-based MULTIMOORA method for LHF MCGDM. An example of shared power bank supplier selection is used to show the superiorities of the proposed LHF MCGDM method.

Design of Coin Sensor based Mobile Charging System

Abstract—Today, mobile phones play an important role not only in the modern world of communication, but also in our daily lives. The mobile phone business is currently worth billions of dollars and supports most features of all mobile phones with different operating systems. Therefore, running these phones requires a public charge, which should be useful to the general public. Hence, keeping mobile phones charged has become a more significant task. In this project, we designed a prototype for mobile battery charging on coin insertion. A coin-based mobile charging system provides an alternate solution to all mobile users for charging their mobile phones during travelling or emergency where they may not have access to conventional power banks. This system can be used by shop owners, the general public and can be implemented in public places like railway stations and bus stand to provide mobile charging facilities. This system can also be implemented in commercial complexes, colleges, and offices. This coin based mobile charging system charges the mobile phone when the valid coin is inserted. So the coin acceptor used recognizes the coin inserted and signals the Arduino Uno for further action. When a coin is inserted, it signals the Arduino Uno and starts charging the mobile phone providing a 5V power supply through the charging slot. The Arduino Uno starts a reverse countdown timer to display the charging time . left for that mobile phone using LCD display. Further the user adds another coin, the Arduino Uno adds to the currently remaining time and once again decrements the countdown. Keywords: Arduino Uno, coin-based mobile charging system, LCD display, mobile phone. Index Terms—Arduino Uno, coin-based mobile charging system, LCD display, mobile phone.

A closer look at lithium-ion batteries in E-waste and the potential for a universal hydrometallurgical recycling process

The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) is rising, resulting in a growing need to recycle the critical raw materials (CRMs) which they contain. Typically, all spent LiBs from consumer electronics end up in a single waste stream that is processed to produce black mass (BM) for further recovery. It is desired to design a recycling process that can deal with a mixture of LiBs. Hence, this study investigates the structure and composition of battery modules in common appliances such as laptops, power banks, smart watches, wireless earphones and mobile phones. The battery cells in the module were disassembled into cell casing, cathode, anode and separator. Then, the cathode active materials (CAMs) were characterized in detail with XRD-, SEM-, EDX- and ICP-OES-analysis. No direct link was found between the chemistry of the active materials (NMC, LCO, LMO, LFP etc.) and the application. Various BM samples were submitted to a leaching procedure (2 M H2SO4, 50 °C, 2 h, 60 g BM/L) with varying concentration (0–4 vol%) of H2O2 to study the influence of their chemical composition on the dissolution of Li, Ni, Mn and Co. Only a part of the BMs dissolved completely at 4 vol% H2O2, which was attributed to the oxidation state of the transition metals (TMs). Exact determination of H2O2 consumption by redox titration confirmed this hypothesis.

SMART SAFETY HELMET: PENDETEKSI KARBON MONOKSIDA (CO) DI LOKASI PENGGALIAN SUMUR DAN PERTAMBANGAN

The well excavation or drainage process often results in casualties due to the presence of poison gas at the bottom of the well. Workplace accidents caused by toxic gases in mining locations also frequently loss of life. This research aims to create a smart safety helmet, a project helmet for personal protection equipped with an MQ-2 sensor to detect toxic gases, connected to a smartphone application using IoT (Internet of Things) technology. Data collection involves calibration tests and simulation tests. Data analysis employs descriptive statistical analysis in the form of numbers and tables. The creation of the smart safety helmet involves integrating Arduino devices with an MQ-2 sensor, LCD, buzzer, power bank, and IoT technology connected to the mobile phones of operators or project supervisors. This integration enables the helmet to detect and relay information about CO gas and its safety status. Based on the performance test results and calibration tests using Automotive Diagnostic Solutions owned by the Cilacap District Transportation Agency, the smart safety helmet has been proven effective in detecting the presence of carbon monoxide by being worn by mining workers and well diggers, thus detecting CO levels and its safety status. If the CO level reaches 1500 ppm or more, the operator or project manager can immediately prepare rescue measures.

Automatic Irrigation System Based on Computer Vision and an Artificial Intelligence Technique Using Raspberry Pi

Efficient irrigation water use directly affects crop productivity as demand increases for various agricultural products due to population growth worldwide. While technologies are being developed in various fields, it has become desirable to develop automatic irrigation systems to reduce the waste of water caused by traditional irrigation processes. This paper presents a novel approach to an automated irrigation system based on a non-contact computer vision system to enhance the irrigation process and reduce the need for human intervention. The proposed system is based on a stand-alone Raspberry Pi camera imaging system mounted at an agricultural research facility which monitors changes in soil color by capturing images sequentially and processing captured images with no involvement from the facility’s staff. Two types of soil samples (sand soil and peat moss soil) were utilized in this study under three different scenarios, including dusty, sunny, and cloudy conditions of wet soil and dry soil, to take control of irrigation decisions. A relay, pump, and power bank were used to achieve the stability of the power source and supply it with regular power to avoid the interruption of electricity.

Capillary Point Discharge-Optical Emission Spectrometer: field portable mercury analyzer

Environmental mercury pollution poses a serious threat to public health and ecosystems, underscoring the value of rapid and accurate on-site mercury measurement technologies. Therefore, a portable mercury analyzer was developed with capillary point discharge for excitation and cold vapor generation for sample introduction. A limit of detection (LOD) of 0.23 μg L−1 for mercury was achieved, relative standard deviations below 5 % were maintained in a 10-hour testing period. This method was successfully used for mercury determination of spiked water samples, fish meat, and laboratory wastewater. Powered by several power banks, it can be used to monitor mercury levels in water samples continuously over a working day. Compared with traditional technology, this one greatly reduces the size of the instrument, the consumption of working gas, and the construction cost, making it suitable for rapid field analysis of many types of samples for trace mercury.

Corporate Governance and Challenges of Financial Leverage of Privatised Cement Industry in Nigeria

The paper studies new corporate governance and the challenges of financial Leverage of privatised cement industry in Nigeria. The variables studied were leverage ratio as Performance proxy (dependent variables) and fourteen Corporate Governance proxies as independent variables. Data was collected from secondary sources, and the statistical tools employed in the Methodology were Trend Analysis and Pooled OLS regressions. Trend Analysis result suggests that;Devaluation, high cost of importation, insufficient power supply, bank strike, and deflation of global oil prices created capacity underutilization in cement industry and severe burden of financial leverage to sustain operational activities pre privatization. The result also, reveals that, the leverage ratio remarkably declined post privatization, however, the global financial crisis of 2009 inflicted high cost of production on the industry which necessitated increased leverage in order to cushion the effects on operational activities. Inferential Statistics Result suggests that corporate governance has positive and significant impact on the leverage ratio of the industry in general. The study concludes that, despite the challenges of unfavourable macroeconomic environment, the new corporate governance reduced the leverage ratio post privatisation and it has positive and significant impact on the financial leverage of the Cement Industry. The researcher recommends that Nigerian government should ensure favourable macroeconomic environment and improve private sector activities. Collectively, the new Corporate Governance of Cement Industry should strategize on how to; Increase Revenue, profitability, better management of inventory, and restructuring of debt to mitigate increased leverage.

New wireless portable Omnicharge portable power banks are being provided by the libraries

New wireless portable Omnicharge portable power banks are being provided by the libraries

Effect of Performance-Based Nonfinancial Incentives on Data Quality in Individual Medical Records of Institutional Births: Quasi-Experimental Study.

Despite the potential of routine health information systems in tackling persistent maternal deaths stemming from poor service quality at health facilities during and around childbirth, research has demonstrated their suboptimal performance, evident from the incomplete and inaccurate data unfit for practical use. There is a consensus that nonfinancial incentives can enhance health care providers' commitment toward achieving the desired health care quality. However, there is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of nonfinancial incentives in improving the data quality of institutional birth services in Ethiopia. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of performance-based nonfinancial incentives on the completeness and consistency of data in the individual medical records of women who availed institutional birth services in northwest Ethiopia. We used a quasi-experimental design with a comparator group in the pre-post period, using a sample of 1969 women's medical records. The study was conducted in the "Wegera" and "Tach-armacheho" districts, which served as the intervention and comparator districts, respectively. The intervention comprised a multicomponent nonfinancial incentive, including smartphones, flash disks, power banks, certificates, and scholarships. Personal records of women who gave birth within 6 months before (April to September 2020) and after (February to July 2021) the intervention were included. Three distinct women's birth records were examined: the integrated card, integrated individual folder, and delivery register. The completeness of the data was determined by examining the presence of data elements, whereas the consistency check involved evaluating the agreement of data elements among women's birth records. The average treatment effect on the treated (ATET), with 95% CIs, was computed using a difference-in-differences model. In the intervention district, data completeness in women's personal records was nearly 4 times higher (ATET 3.8, 95% CI 2.2-5.5; P=.02), and consistency was approximately 12 times more likely (ATET 11.6, 95% CI 4.18-19; P=.03) than in the comparator district. This study indicates that performance-based nonfinancial incentives enhance data quality in the personal records of institutional births. Health care planners can adapt these incentives to improve the data quality of comparable medical records, particularly pregnancy-related data within health care facilities. Future research is needed to assess the effectiveness of nonfinancial incentives across diverse contexts to support successful scale-up.

Portable Head-Mounted System for Mobile Forearm Tracking.

Computer vision (CV)-based systems using cameras and recognition algorithms offer touchless, cost-effective, precise, and versatile hand tracking. These systems allow unrestricted, fluid, and natural movements without the constraints of wearable devices, gaining popularity in human-system interaction, virtual reality, and medical procedures. However, traditional CV-based systems, relying on stationary cameras, are not compatible with mobile applications and demand substantial computing power. To address these limitations, we propose a portable hand-tracking system utilizing the Leap Motion Controller 2 (LMC) mounted on the head and controlled by a single-board computer (SBC) powered by a compact power bank. The proposed system enhances portability, enabling users to interact freely with their surroundings. We present the system's design and conduct experimental tests to evaluate its robustness under variable lighting conditions, power consumption, CPU usage, temperature, and frame rate. This portable hand-tracking solution, which has minimal weight and runs independently of external power, proves suitable for mobile applications in daily life.

Community-to-vehicle-to-community (C2V2C) for inter-community electricity delivery and sharing via electric vehicle: Performance evaluation and robustness analysis

Electric vehicles (EVs) possess untapped potential as mobile power banks for actively delivering electricity between different energy communities, known as Community-to-Vehicle-to-Community (C2V2C) service. While C2V2C represents an effective means of inter-community electricity sharing, limited research explores EVs' role in electricity delivery between locations. Suitable control approaches of EV charging for the C2V2C service are lacking, and it is unclear how robust the C2V2C service is and how its performance is affected by different factors. This paper aims to bridge these research gaps by developing an advanced control of EV smart charging/discharging to facilitate the C2V2C service. By comparing the power balance in the EVs' current-connecting and next-destination communities, the advanced control derives a target state-of-charge for the EVs in the current-connecting community, which can optimize the electricity delivery between the two communities. Then, the robustness of the C2V2C service is analyzed by evaluating its performances under different scenarios. Major factors like community combinations, renewable energy system (RES) configurations, EV battery capacity and numbers are examined for their impacts on C2V2C performance. The findings demonstrate that the C2V2C service significantly enhances energy balance across diverse community combinations, particularly in workplaces with substantial RES capacity. A large EV battery capacity is beneficial for performance improvements, but the impact diminishes at higher values due to limited surplus renewables availability. The increasing EV number enhances both electricity delivery capability and utilization of self-produced renewables. This study validated the effectiveness of the C2V2C service and provides valuable insights into optimizing its application across different scenarios.

Infrastructural power, institutional karma, and existential choices

AbstractLeon Wansleben’s new book, The Rise of Central Banks: State Power in Financial Capitalism, tells an intricately complex story of the world’s most influential central banks successfully harnessing the forces of financial globalization to build their institutional power as the principal managers of their national economies. The book argues that, regardless of central banks’ rationales and rationalizations, the resulting expansion of global money markets has failed to generate the intended macroeconomic and societal benefits. Instead, as became evident in the post-2008 era, the world’s most powerful central banks are now structurally dependent on the increasingly self-referential markets for financial assets. While the book’s narrative is focused on inflation targeting and other monetary policy innovations since the 1970s, it raises much broader questions and invites further reflection on the nonlinear dynamics of power in today’s financial markets and the uncertain future of central banks.