Power Supply Control Research Articles

Solar-Hydrogen system of additional power supply and digital control system for on-board power supply system

Even for short space flights, such as manned flights to the Moon back in the 60s, it became extremely obvious that electric batteries are completely unsuitable because of their huge mass needed to store the required supply of onboard energy. Therefore, already in the 60s of the last century, the USA and the USSR took the path of using a hydrogen storage system using hydrogen fuel cells.Solar-hydrogen energy systems for spacecraft reliably provide energy for carrying out various kinds of unscheduled work on board and for eliminating emergency situations. Surplus energy is constantly accumulated on board in the form of the chemical energy of cryogenic hydrogen. The article presents too the result of the development of a solar-hydrogen power supply system for spacecraft, the onboard network of which provides slow and fast processes. This paper delves into designing digital control systems for power conditioning devices on the example of charging-discharging device based on a boost DC-DC converter. The device was implemented to condition a storage battery by properly charging and discharging it. A technique for constructing a small signal model of the converter has been developed. This involves constructing a block diagram using the discontinuous switching functions and analog models of electrical circuit components. The transfer functions of the analog controllers for the two-loop subordinate control system were derived. Then the procedure of a bilinear z-transform to the given transfer functions was applied. As a result, the discrete transfer functions of the digital controllers were obtained. Realization both analog and digital controllers in Matlab Simulink confirmed their identical behavior and stability within the power converter. Experimental studies of the static and dynamic waveforms of the digital control system showed controllability and stability of the charging-discharging device for the storage battery in typical operating modes. Thus, the method of synthesizing digital control systems for energy converters is proved valid and applicable for designing new power conditioning devices within modern power supplies.

Intrinsically safe DAB converter for reliable power supply in harsh environment via extended phase shift pulse train control

AbstractIn this article, an extended‐phase‐shift‐based pulse train control (EPS‐PT) for an intrinsically safe dual active bridge (DAB) converter is proposed to satisfy the safe and reliable power supply in harsh environments such as gas stations, chemical plants, and mining tunnels in complex power systems. A discrete pulse switching control method is introduced, and the input voltage and output current are sampled to calculate the primary target phase shift angle of the DAB converter, followed by the inner phase shift angle, while the secondary phase shift angle is rapidly adjusted by the voltage feedback. In order to meet the requirements of effective control and safe power supply in harsh environments, the system parameters are designed by comprehensively considering the control performance and intrinsically safe requirements. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DAB converter exhibits rapid dynamic response and intrinsic operation safety.

Multi-variable fuzzy adaptive time-varying sliding mode control (MVFATVSMC) of the reverse osmosis-photovoltaic desalination system

Among the different desalination systems, reverse osmosis is popular due to its specific characteristics. Two challenges in these systems are power supply and compensation for the imposed disturbances and uncertainties which affect the performance of the system. To study these two challenges all main subsystems of the photovoltaic-reverse osmosis (PV-RO) system are considered. A photovoltaic system is considered for power supply and robust controllers are proposed to deal with the uncertainties and disturbances. For these purposes, all parts of the PV-RO desalination process are considered. Maximum power is tracked in different sun radiations and temperatures using a Mamdani-type fuzzy controller optimized by the invasive weed algorithm (IWA). This new MPPT controller gets about 10 % more power, 60 % lesser fluctuations, and 20 % smaller rise time. The speed controller of the induction motor and the pressure controller are fuzzy-PID. An adaptive time-varying sliding mode control (ATVSMC) is proposed to control the RO system because this system is highly nonlinear with many uncertainties and disturbances. The controller has global robustness and regulates the system to the desired points at a specified time. In this controller, knowing the maximum limit of the system uncertainties is not essential, which is a practical advantage for the PV-RO system. The numerical simulations in different scenarios and a comparison to existing work show the superiority of the proposed controllers. This novel controller decreases the overshoot and settling time of the bypass stream velocity by about 3.5 % and 7.6 % in comparison to super-twisting sliding mode control (STSMC), respectively. The settling time of the retentate stream velocity has decreased by about 9 %. Moreover, there are no fluctuations in the control inputs and outputs, and the amplitude of the bypass stream control input has decreased by about 98 %.

Automation of Power Supply Control of an Industrial Enterprise

Automation of Power Supply Control of an Industrial Enterprise

Light energy harvested flexible wireless sensing for disinfection sterilization in food storage

Cold chain logistics involves all aspects of food storage, transport, and sales. This study focuses on innovating cold storage disinfection within this context. Regular disinfection reduces microorganism growth, improves food quality, and ensures safety. Traditional methods lack automation, accurate monitoring, and responsive control. Conventional sensors are unsuitable for curved bottles and need frequent power changes. This paper proposes a light energy harvested flexible wireless sensing for disinfection sterilization in food storage (FLWDS). FLWDS comprises five parts: light energy harvesting and power supply node (LEPN), sensing node, control node, monitoring node, and host computer. A predictive control model improves response speed and accuracy. Bluetooth technology ensures real-time communication between nodes. FLWDS collects light energy inside the cold store as a supplementary energy source and can be used in curved structures with a response time of less than 1 s. The maximum communication distance is 40 m. The flexible level sensing system can be designed according to the induction pad’s length, with a measurement accuracy of 0.3 mm, sampling every 4.8 ms, and a resolution of 0.2 mm. FLWDS provides self-powered flexible wireless sensing, ensuring accurate liquid level measurement, improved food quality, reduced pollution, and increased sustainability.

Distributed photovoltaic supportability consumption method considering energy storage configuration mode and random events

In order to improve the control capability of distributed photovoltaic support, a distributed photovoltaic support consumption method based on energy storage configuration mode and random events is proposed. A networked and constrained parameter analysis model for distributed photovoltaic power supply control was constructed. Based on the direct flexible mode of optical storage, an AC/DC voltage level control model for distributed solar power supply control was constructed. In the operation mode of DC hybrid distribution network, the demand response tracking identification method was used to analyze the uncertain characteristic parameters of distributed solar power supply load, and combined with the planned energy storage capacity parameters, the distributed solar power supply load and photovoltaic output were estimated. By configuring the optimal energy storage capacity, adjusting the power distribution of the microgrid, and integrating the analysis of uncertain factors and random events in the energy storage configuration mode, the design of distributed photovoltaic support consumption has been achieved. The experimental results show that the distributed photovoltaic absorption control using this method has lower load requirements, can effectively reduce the exchange power of the interconnection line, and improve the configuration scale, system reliability, and economy of the photovoltaic energy storage system.

Planning with the electricity market One day ahead for a smart home connected to the RES by the MILP method

This study proposes a novel framework for smart homes to optimize energy consumption and production, leading to reduced costs and a more reliable grid. The framework schedules the use of controllable appliances and renewable energy sources while considering uncertainties in production, real-time market prices, and uncontrollable household loads. By incorporating both incremental and real-time pricing models, the system discourages excessive consumption during peak hours. The core innovation lies in a two-stage scheduling approach implemented using GAMS software. This method minimizes the expected total cost while accounting for limitations on controllable loads, power supply, production resources, battery performance, and overall home energy balance. Additionally, the framework leverages the previous day’s bilateral contract and allows residents to adjust desired lighting levels based on current market fluctuations. Simulations demonstrate the program’s effectiveness in reducing both net energy costs and peak load on the electricity grid.

A Triangular-Wave Current Control for Parallel-Form Switch-Linear Hybrid Envelope Tracking Power Supply to Achieve High Efficiency

A Triangular-Wave Current Control for Parallel-Form Switch-Linear Hybrid Envelope Tracking Power Supply to Achieve High Efficiency

Research on load-resistant enhancement control optimization of composite energy power supply system based on deep reinforcement learning

Abstract To solve the problem of insufficient inertia in the power electronics components under the development trend of power electronics in the transmission system of heavy-duty electric vehicles, combined with the composite energy power supply mode and control method, voltage-based feedback channels and virtual capacitor branches are designed for both engine-generator sets and DCDC control loops. These innovations compensate for system inertia and introduce a TD3 deep reinforcement learning-based adaptive regulation component to manage electrical systems in response to DC voltage fluctuations. This approach enhances the stability of the entire system in the face of load disturbances. Strategy validations demonstrate that this method ensures stable system operation, significantly mitigates DC voltage fluctuations during sudden load changes and is highly adaptable without relying on system models.

Research on optimizing the controller configuration for high-power supply control system in nuclear fusion based on hybrid algorithm WOA-IAPSO

With the development of nuclear fusion technology, the high power supply control system plays a crucial role in the operation of nuclear fusion, and the PID controller is widely used in the field of power supply control. In this research, a novel hybrid algorithm is proposed that combines whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and the improved adaptive particle swarm optimization (IAPSO) to tune PID parameters in high-power supply. This organically combines the two methods into a new optimization strategy that is different from the simple weighted average method. By comparing the performance of WOA, IAPSO,SA,GA,SVM, and the hybrid WOA-IAPSO in step response under different working conditions, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve more sensitive, stable and efficient response in high-power operation. This research is not only of great significance for the further development nuclear fusion technology, but also provides a useful reference for the application of adaptive optimization methods in other fields.

SINDy-Based Feature Extraction for Data Driven Model Predictive Control of a Buck Boost Switch Mode Power Supply

Abstract This paper presents two methods of creating model predictive control strategies for efficient real-time control algorithms for power electronics. Two novel methods of performing nonlinear modeling are presented in this research, the first being novel Takagi-Sugeno model, which combines two linear state space models using a membership function to model the nonlinear transitions between operating points. The second method involves using sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics, a nonlinear modeling technique that uses L1 regularization of least squares on for time series data to define a parsimonious polynomial function set. This set is used to define the input feature space to extended dynamic mode decomposition with control. These models are then used for data-driven model predictive control of a buck switch mode power supply to find the optimal duty cycle that regulates the output voltage over a finite receding horizon and validated using an LTSPICE simulation to assess their effectiveness in comparison to a tuned proportional integral derivative controller. Numerical accuracy challenges are discussed, and strategies are offered for their mitigation.

Pulsed power supply of Tr-RC and Tr-RLC topologies for improvement of micro electrical discharge machining

Pulsed power supply is one of the key technologies in micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM), particularly in machining micro-holes with high aspect ratios. Through the disadvantageous waveform feature analysis of the controllable RC pulsed power supply with random interpulse voltage, insufficient capacitor charging, and uncontrolled reversed fluctuations, an improved Tr-RC pulsed power supply with a promoted function is proposed. Discharge pulses with high power density have the potential to synchronously improve machining efficiency and accuracy. Increasing the discharge peak current by optimizing the pulsed-power topology is a feasible means of improving the power density. A pulsed power supply of the Tr-RLC topology introducing an inductor-controlled branch according to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction was further proposed based on the improved Tr-RC pulsed power structure. The discharge waveforms of Tr-RLC pulsed power supply achieve an average peak current of 1.3 A with inductance of 20 μH, compared to 0.5 A with Tr-RC pulsed power supply. For machining micro-holes with aspect ratios of 10:1, 20:1, and 30:1, the Tr-RLC pulsed power supply exhibited an efficiency improvement of 25%, 22%, and 17%, respectively, with reduced taper error and a slight decrease in tool wear rate compared to the Tr-RC pulsed power supply.

Charging delay elimination of solder impregnated HTS coils with specific excitation current

No-insulation (NI) coil has been recognized as the most practical solution at present to achieve ultra-high magnetic field with the REBCO high temperature superconductor thanks to its passive quench protection mechanism which is originated from the inter-turn current bypass. However, for the NI technique, one of the most important obstacles to a more general application is the field delay which is also a consequence of the lack of inter-turn insulation. The proportional and integral (PI) active feedback control of power supply has been developed to achieve a designed field ramping rate. The efficiency of this method could however be affected by the measurement accuracy of measuring equipment, sampling frequency, control accuracy of power supply and other factors. In this manuscript, we tried to use a more fundamental method to mitigate the field delay. The point is, though unlike in insulated coils the field generated is not proportional to coil current in NI coils, they do have a certain linear relation for a certain coil. Based on the lumped circuit model, the current charging curve corresponding to a desired field excitation could be calculated for a NI coil. We verified this method on several solder impregnated no-insulation coils (SINoInCs) to excite their field with different rates, for which the field delay with normal charging method could be very large because of the very low inter-turn resistance. The test results show that this kind of fast excitation method could successfully achieve the desired field with high accuracy and mitigate the field delay from 130 s to almost 0 s. Besides, the large overshoot current introduced by the fast charging does not quench the coils even with an overshoot current which is almost double of the coils’ operating current.

An Improved Voltage Control Method for EAST Fast Control Power Supply

The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) fast control power supply (FCPS) is an important device for controlling the vertical displacement of plasma during the nuclear fusion power generation process, adopting a multiple H-bridge invertor branch parallel operation structure to output total current. At the beginning of each shot of plasma discharge, FCPS works in open-loop voltage control mode (VCM) or closed-loop current control mode (CCM) determined by the plasma control system to output current for exciting the load coil, to achieve plasma vertical displacement control. VCM has the characteristics of fast dynamic response speed but poor consistency of branch current and insufficient branch current control accuracy and stability because of open-loop control. CCM has the characteristics of high branch current control accuracy but poor dynamic response and robustness because of control delay and control parameters determined based on engineering experience. To achieve fast and robust control, an improved voltage control method (IVCM) is proposed by combining the advantages of VCM and CCM. In the beginning of establishing the output current, FCPS operates in VCM, and rapid establishment of the output current is ensured. After the output current rapidly increases to the critical value, closed-loop current control is added to VCM to ensure the accuracy of output current control. In closed-loop current control, linear super-twisting sliding mode control is designed to achieve fast and robust control, ensuring good consistency and fast dynamic response performance of each branch current. Simulations and experiments verify that the designed IVCM has better compatibility characteristics in output current stability, control accuracy, and consistency of each branch current compared to VCM.

TS fuzzy control of PV assisted single phase three phase induction motor drive for rural pumping applications

The motor drives for aqua farms and large-scale irrigation system needs a reliable electric drive, which requires the continuous power supply and efficient control. However, the rural single phase power supply is frequently interrupted. Renewable assistance would improve the availability of supply and heuristic control approach improves robustness in control. This paper presents a three phase induction motor drive fed from single phase electric grid with assistance from PV and battery energy storage. TS- fuzzy based direct torque control is employed for robust control during load changes, and the topology, component modelling, front-end converter control, PV interface DC–DC converter control, and inverter control are presented. MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the proposed drive system. The performance of the proposed system is validated using simulation data for both steady-state and transient states.

Design and Implementation of Chopper Control System for HIAF

The chopper control system which is synchronized by the White Rabbit timing network is designed and implemented to meet the requirements of the chopper of ion source for the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF). The hardware system consists of timing modulation controller, waveform acquisition, parameter setting, and remote control of the chopper power supply. The software includes low-level drivers and top-level applications which are based on Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). The combination of hardware and software completes the interaction of timing messages with the White Rabbit network, waveform acquisition, the setting of timing modulation parameters in several running modes, and remote control of the chopper power supply, etc. The test results show that the system can achieve timing modulation with a resolution of 8 ns and waveform acquisition of embedded EPICS IOC (input/output controller) at a 125 MHz sample rate. The design, implementation, and test of the chopper control system are described in this paper.

Research on uninterruptable power supply technology for auxiliary winding of electric locomotive while passing the neutral section

PurposeAuxiliary power system is an indispensable part of the train; the auxiliary systems of both electric locomotives and EMUs mainly are powered by one of the two ways, which are either from auxiliary windings of traction transformers or from DC-link voltage of traction converters. Powered by DC-link voltage of traction converters, the auxiliary systems were maintained of uninterruptable power supply with energy from electric braking. Meanwhile, powered by traction transformers, the auxiliary systems were always out of power while passing the neutral section of power supply grid and control system is powered by battery at this time.Design/methodology/approachUninterrupted power supply of auxiliary power system powered by auxiliary winding of traction transformer was studied. Failure reasons why previous solutions cannot be realized are analyzed. An uninterruptable power supply scheme for the auxiliary systems powered by auxiliary windings of traction transformers is proposed in this paper. The validity of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation and experimental results and on-site operation of an upgraded HXD3C type locomotive. This scheme is attractive for upgrading practical locomotives with the auxiliary systems powered by auxiliary windings of traction transformers.FindingsThis scheme regenerates braking power supplied to auxiliary windings of traction transformers while a locomotive runs in the neutral section of the power supply grid. Control objectives of uninterrupted power supply technology are proposed, which are no overvoltage, no overcurrent and uninterrupted power supply.Originality/valueThe control strategies of the scheme ensure both overvoltage free and inrush current free when a locomotive enters or leaves the neutral section. Furthermore, this scheme is cost low by employing updated control strategy of software and add both the two current sensors and two connection wires of hardware.

A Compact Bandpass Filter with Active Switchable Passband Status

In order to meet the increasing demand for adjustable devices in the modern wireless communication system, a compact bandpass filter with active switchable passband is proposed. The filter is based on the half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW), and uses its cut-off characteristics to form the lower stopband. The resonant characteristics of a quarter-wavelength shorted stub generates a transmission zero (TZ) at higher frequency, which forms the upper stopband. The active control of DC power supply determines the biased states of PIN diodes to change the electrical size of the filtering parts. When the diodes are reverse biased, the filter works in C band with the passband of 3.9-5.2 GHz; when the diodes are forward biased, the passband shifts to S band of 2.7-3.6 GHz. The 28.6% relative bandwidth in both frequency bands remains constant. The simple design realizes the active switching between bands, providing a promising idea for active adjustable devices.

A Comprehensive Review on the Power Supply System of Hydrogen Production Electrolyzers for Future Integrated Energy Systems

Hydrogen energy is regarded as an ideal solution for addressing climate change issues and an indispensable part of future integrated energy systems. The most environmentally friendly hydrogen production method remains water electrolysis, where the electrolyzer constructs the physical interface between electrical energy and hydrogen energy. However, few articles have reviewed the electrolyzer from the perspective of power supply topology and control. This review is the first to discuss the positioning of the electrolyzer power supply in the future integrated energy system. The electrolyzer is reviewed from the perspective of the electrolysis method, the market, and the electrical interface modelling, reflecting the requirement of the electrolyzer for power supply. Various electrolyzer power supply topologies are studied and reviewed. Although the most widely used topology in the current hydrogen production industry is still single-stage AC/DC, the interleaved parallel LLC topology constructed by wideband gap power semiconductors and controlled by the zero-voltage switching algorithm has broad application prospects because of its advantages of high power density, high efficiency, fault tolerance, and low current ripple. Taking into account the development trend of the EL power supply, a hierarchical control framework is proposed as it can manage the operation performance of the power supply itself, the electrolyzer, the hydrogen energy domain, and the entire integrated energy system.

Increasing the efficiency of the bactericide use at PS-4 of "Ozenmunaigas" JSC

Background: The study is devoted to increasing the efficiency of bactericidal treatment of sediments at the oil fields of Ozenmunaigas JSC. Calculations were carried out to assess the capability of heating the formation and the pipeline, hydraulic heat loss when injecting a bactericide, and the efficiency of mixing the reagent with water. The analysis revealed the ineffectiveness of mixing the bactericide with water at low temperatures and rates of inhibitor introduction.
 Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify solutions to overcome the problems caused by the increased content of hydrogen sulfide in the fields of Ozenmunaigas JSC. This included addressing the temperature issues during bactericide delivery and increasing the rate of inhibitor injection.
 Materials and methods: Heat loss calculations were carried out using the UniSim program for both tank heating and input lines, as well as an analysis of bactericide mixing inside the pipeline using the ANSYS program.
 Results: The results of the study led to specific recommendations and measures that could mitigate the problems associated with temperature and rate of injection. These included measures such as heating and insulation, temperature control, regular inspection of thermal insulation, and selection of a new reagent with improved mixing properties at lower temperatures. It is also recommended to install reagent flow and temperature sensors along with power supply control.
 Conclusion: The implementation of the proposed measures will effectively solve the problems associated with high levels of hydrogen sulfide. This approach will ensure a smooth and safe flow of bactericide and help maintain the operating efficiency of the affected facilities.