Power In Soccer Players Research Articles

Comparison of speed and power of soccer players before the preparation period and during the soccer season

Comparison of speed and power of soccer players before the preparation period and during the soccer season

Variations of Lower Limb Exercises to Increase Explosive Leg Power in Soccer

Previous studies have found much of the effect of exercise on increasing the explosive power of leg muscles. However, research investigating variations in lower extremity muscle training forms to increase the explosive power of soccer players' leg muscles still needs to be completed. Therefore, references are needed to provide a fuller understanding and more effective solutions in designing training programs to increase the explosive power of leg muscles in soccer players. This study aimed to investigate the effect of various forms of lower extremity muscle training on increasing the explosive power of the leg muscles in soccer players. This study aims to provide a complete understanding of the types of exercises that are most effective in increasing the explosive power of the leg muscles, as well as to provide more effective solutions in the design of specific training programs for soccer players. Thus, this research should contribute to developing more optimal training methods and improving athletes' performance. This study uses the literature review method using a comprehensive strategy, such as searching for articles in the database of research journals. The databases used are Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. The data used are the latest data from the last five years. Thus, recommendations of still very effective exercise variants can be recommended to trainers as a basis for creating training programs. Based on the analysis of research data, it has been found that strength training can increase the explosive power of the leg muscles. However, the study results showed that plyometric training was more effective than strength training in increasing explosive leg muscle power in soccer players. Therefore, a variation of plyometric exercises should be introduced to increase the explosive power of leg muscles in soccer players.

Comparison between nonperiodized resistance training and nonlinear periodization on muscular peak power in Brazilian soccer players

Background: For decades the literature has been investigating the ideal dose-response regarding the frequency, intensity and volume of training that optimize the increase in muscle strength and power in athletes and non-athletes. Objective: Evaluate the effects of strength training from a nonlinear (NLP) and non-periodized (NP) model on muscular peak power in soccer players. Methods: Twelve male junior football players from a professional team in Cabo Frio (Brazil) were recruited and randomly divided into two groups (6 in each group). The groups were randomly divided into: G1 - (Body mass: 64.7 ± 6.5 kg; Height: 172.3 ± 5.8 cm; % fat: 5.1 ± 2.7; Age: 17.5 ± 1.0 years) performed RT with NLP model; G2 - (Body mass: 66.1 ± 4.7; Height: 177.1 ± 6.1 cm; % fat: 5.1 ± 1.2, age: 17.6 ± 0.5 years) performed RT with NP model. Both groups are subjected to 12 weeks of training. PNL strength training consisted of weight training sessions on alternate days, 3 times a week, the rest intervals were 120s among the exercises and included 10 exercises. NLP distribution was as follows: Day 1 (3x4-6 maximum repetitions [RM] with rest intervals of 120 sec between sets); Day 2 (3x8-10RM with 60-90 rest intervals between sets); and day 3 (3x12-15RM with rest intervals of 60 sec between sets). NP training performed the same duration, weekly frequency, exercises and number of sets (3 sets 8-10RM and 60-90 sec rest intervals). Before and after NP and NLP training, muscle peak, speed and agility were evaluated. Results: The ANOVA with mixed model showed no significant interaction between group and moment (F(1,10) = 0.133; p=0.72), and no significant main effect for group (F(1,10) = 0.032; p=0.86) in muscular peak power. There was a significant main effect for moment (F(1,10) = 14.872; p=0.003), where were showed that Post-training presented higher values of muscular peak power compared to Baseline (p= 0.003). Conclusion: It is concluded that both training organization models are effective and can be used to develop peak muscle power.

N-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation During 4 Weeks of Training Leads to Improved Anaerobic Endurance Capacity, but not Maximal Strength, Speed, or Power in Soccer Players.

Omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplementation could promote adaptation to soccer-specific training. We examined the impact of a 4-week period of n-3 FA supplementation during training on adaptations in 1RM knee extensor strength, 20-m sprint speed, vertical jump power, and anaerobic endurance capacity (Yo-Yo test) in competitive soccer players. Twenty six soccer players were randomly assigned to one of two groups: n-3 FA supplementation (n-3 FA; n = 13) or placebo (n = 13). Both groups performed two experimental trial days. Assessments of physical function and respiratory function were conducted pre (PRE) and post (POST) supplementation. Training session intensity, competitive games and nutritional intake were monitored during the 4-week period. No differences were observed in respiratory measurements (FEV1, FVC) between groups. No main effect of treatment was observed for 1RM knee extensor strength, explosive leg power, or 20 m sprint performance, but strength improved as a result of the training period in both groups (p < .05). Yo-Yo test distance improved with training in the n-3 FA group only (p < .01). The mean difference (95% CI) in Yo-Yo test distance completed from PRE to POST was 203 (66-340) m for n-3 FA, and 62 (-94-217) m for placebo, with a moderate effect size (Cohen's d of 0.52). We conclude that 4 weeks of n-3 FA supplementation does not improve strength, power or speed assessments in competitive soccer players. However, the increase in anaerobic endurance capacity evident only in the n-3 FA treatment group suggests an interaction that requires further study.

The Anaerobic Power of Women who have Undergone Physical Training

Introduction. Anaerobic power is an important factor determining the physical performance in various kinds of sports. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present women’s anaerobic power in soccer players (SP), table tennis players (TT) and weightlifters (WL). Methods. This study involved 3 groups of professional athletes women: 15 SP, 12 TT and 12 WL, which are of a similar age and sports’ level. Anaerobic power in all athletes was recorded during 30-second Wingate test, with resistance set at 0,075 kp x kg (–1). Results. Relatively expressed total external work (TW), maximal power output (Pmax) and the fatigue index (FI) of tested athletes were similar. Mean power (Pmean) was different among the treatment groups (F=12,445; p&lt;0,001), while in TT group these values were significantly lower than in SP and in WL athletes. Somatic variables in 3 groups of tested athletes have not changed. Conclusions. Type of practiced sport has an impact on the size of anaerobic power. Several years of sports training in table tennis has not changed the anaerobic potential of surveyed women while specific training in soccer and weightlifting increased only Pmean.

Effectiveness of a Nordic training protocol on muscle power in soccer players of Club Deportivo la Equidad Seguros

Effectiveness of a Nordic training protocol on muscle power in soccer players of Club Deportivo la Equidad Seguros

Testing strength and power in soccer players: the application of conventional and traditional methods of assessment.

Soccer is a highly complex sport influenced by many physical, psychological, tactical, and technical factors. In terms of basic physical components, strength and power are considered requisites for many important actions such as tackling, jumping, and shooting. Hence, assessment of strength and power is commonly performed within a soccer club's test battery. The objective is to use valid, reliable, and sensitive measures that allow for trustworthy analysis of the physical characteristics of players. Before any credence can be placed in test results, test's validity, reliability, and sensitivity needs to be established. This will allow practitioners to make informed decisions about test selection. This review examines the reliability, validity, and sensitivity of different strength and power assessments in soccer. The suitability of conventional and functional tests is detailed and the strengths and weaknesses of isokinetic dynamometry, hand-held dynamometry (HHD), repetition maximum, and power testing are also addressed. Generally, the tests considered in this review provide moderate to high reliability in soccer players of different training level. Similarly, the consensus demonstrates test methods to be sensitive to training interventions. In comparison, test validity seems less established. Isokinetic dynamometry has often been recognized as a gold standard measure of testing strength. Other methods of assessment are emerging as viable options (e.g., HHD), likely due to functionality and suitability of testing. Given the demands within a soccer club setting, practitioners should endeavor to use testing procedures that are informative yet not time consuming or labor intensive. By providing this, practitioners may have the option to perform more regular monitoring throughout the season rather than a limited number of specific time periods.

Importance of muscle power variables in repeated and single sprint performance in soccer players.

This study examined the relationship between lower body power and repeated as well as single sprint performance in soccer players. The performance of nineteen male soccer players was examined. The first testing session included the countermovement jump (CMJL) and the progressive full squat (FSL), both with external loads. Power in the CMJL and FSL was measured with each load that was lifted. The second session included a protocol of 40-m repeated sprints with a long recovery period (2 min). The number of sprints executed until there was a 3% decrease in performance for the best 40-m sprint time was recorded as a repeated sprint index (RSI). The RSI was moderately associated with power output relative to body mass in the CMJL and FSL (r = 0.53/0.54, p ≤ 0.05). The most and least powerful players (determined by FSL) showed significant differences in the RSI (9.1 ± 4.2 vs. 6.5 ± 1.6) and 10 m sprint time (p ± 0.01). Repeated and single sprints are associated with relatively lower body power in soccer players.

Potência muscular e capacidade de sprints repetidos em jogadores de futebol DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2010v12n4p255

Muscle power is one of the most important physical qualities of soccer player performance and needs to be maintained during a match. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the levels of muscle power in soccer players before and after performing repeated sprints (RS), and the association between power and RS performance. Twenty soccer players from the under-20 category aged 18-20 years participated in this study. The study consisted of the execution of vertical jumps, execution of RS, new execution of vertical jumps, and collection of blood samples. The continuous jump (CJ) test was performed on a piezoelectric force platform for the measurement of muscle power and the RAST test was used to evaluate RS ability. No significant difference in the levels of muscle power was observed after RS (p=0.57). Significant differences were observed in the first to fifth sprint times (p&lt; 0.01), but not between the fifth and sixth sprint (p=0.06). CJ height before RS was correlated with first sprint time (r=-0.62, p&lt; 0.01), best sprint time (r=-0.60, p&lt; 0.01), and average sprint time (r= -0.54, p&lt;0.01). In conclusion, the soccer players studied showed no significant reduction in muscle power after RS. A decrease in performance was observed from the first to the fifth sprint, but not between the fifth and sixth sprint. The muscle power of soccer players was a determinant factor to perform one maximum sprint, as well as successive sprints.

Interlimb Coordination, Strength, and Power in Soccer Players Across the Lifespan

This study aimed at verifying whether chronic participation in soccer training has a beneficial effect (p < 0.05) on the improvement and the maintenance of interlimb coordination performance across the lifespan and whether coordination is moderated by strength and power performances. Forty young (12 +/- 1 yr), 42 adult (26 +/-5 yr), and 32 older (59 +/- 11 yr) male soccer players and sedentary individuals were administered in-phase (IP) and antiphase (AP) synchronized (80, 120, and 180 bpm) hand and foot flexions and extensions, handgrip and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests. Regardless of age, soccer players always showed better performances (handgrip: 383 +/- 140 N; CMJ: 28.3 +/- 8.7 cm; IP: 55.2 +/- 12.9 s; and AP: 31.8 +/- 25.0 s) than sedentary individuals (handgrip: 313 +/- 124 N; CMJ: 21.0 +/- 9.4 cm; IP: 46.7 +/- 20.2 s, and AP: 21.1 +/- 23.9 s). With respect to IP and AP performances, a hierarchical model (p < 0.0001) emerged for CMJ, explaining 30% and 26% of the variance for IP and AP, respectively. In contrast, handgrip did not provide increments in the explained variance. Results indicate that chronic soccer training is beneficial to develop strength, CMJ, and interlimb synchronization capabilities in children, to reach higher levels of proficiency in adults, and to maintain performance in older individuals. The predicted role of CMJ on interlimb coordination indicates that a fine neuromuscular activation timing is central for both jump and coordinative performances. In practice, to induce higher attentional control and executive function in open skill sport athletes and to better prepare players to cope with the demands of their match, coaches should modulate complex motor behaviors with increasing velocity of execution and are strongly recommended to make use of technical and tactical drills that focus on the player's agility under time pressure to induce higher attentional control and executive function.

The Five-Jump Test for Distance as a Field Test to Assess Lower Limb Explosive Power in Soccer Players

The 5-jump test (5JT) was proposed to evaluate lower limb explosive power of athletes competing in various disciplines. Although 5JT performance is usually expressed in absolute terms as the overall distance covered (i.e., in meters), subject size can play a significant role in the performance. The aims of the present study were to test the relationship of 5JT absolute performance with laboratory tests for explosive power and to develop performance notations useful to improve the diagnostic value of 5JT. Fifteen elite soccer players, members of the Under-23 Tunisian national team, were tested for 5JT, force platform vertical jumping (squat jump [SJ] and arm-aided countermovement jump [Arm-CMJ]), and concentric isokinetic leg extension/flexion (90 degrees x s(-1) and 240 degrees x s(-1)). 5JT performance was expressed in absolute terms (meters), relative to leg length (5JT-relative) and with body mass-dependent notations (Body mass x 5JT, 5JT-body mass). 5JT performance was significantly correlated with SJ height and scaled (W x kg) peak power (0.72 and 0.77, respectively, p < 0.01). 5JT-relative values were significantly related to SJ and Arm-CMJ height (0.61 and 0.71, respectively, p < 0.05) and scaled peak power (0.57 and 0.59, respectively, p < 0.05). 5JT-body mass revealed significantly related of SJ (0.82, p < 0.0001) and Arm-CMJ peak power (0.54, p < 0.05) and to SJ and Arm-CMJ peak force (0.67 and 0.65, respectively p < 0.05). 5JT-relative and 5JT-body mass correlated significantly with knee extensors 240 degrees x s(-1) (0.60, p < 0.05) and knee flexors 90 degrees x s(-1) (0.67, p < 0.01) isokinetic acceleration time, respectively. The results of this study suggest that the 5JT may be regarded as an explosive strength diagnostic tool under field conditions in elite soccer players. The use of performance notation accounting for body size differences may improve the diagnostic ability of 5JT.