Average Power Research Articles

In situ heating-induced loading of anion-rich vacancy Mo–Fe1-xS nanoparticles on mesoporous carbon for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

Inspiriting the kinetics of transition metal sulfide-based anodes is key to optimizing rate performance and cycling stability. To this end, the controllable anion vacancy and large specific surface area are considered as powerful means to improve the performance of sodium-ion batteries due to their unique physical and chemical properties and convenient transport paths. Hence, we have generated Fe3+/MoO42−@cystine nanosheets by solvothermal reaction with iron molybdate nanosheets using cysteine as a sulfur and carbon source. in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that the Fe3+/MoO42−@cystine nanosheets calcined under a vacuum state undergo significant structural evolution, consequentially, the decomposition and carbonization of cystine induces the generation of mesoporous structures with increasing temperature. In the half-cell, Mo–Fe1-xS@mesoporous nitrogen doped carbon-600 showed excellent rate capability at current densities of 0.1–5 A g−1, as well as excellent cycling performance (428.9 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g-1 after 800 cycles). Mesoporous nitrogen doped carbon and sulfur vacancies induced enhanced conductivity, fast ionic transfer and structural stability, resulting in excellent electrochemical performance of Mo–Fe1-xS@mesoporous nitrogen doped carbon under calcination at 600 °C (Mo–Fe1-xS@MCN-600).

How we (used to) remember the Partisans. Culture of memory and art form during and after Yugoslavia

ABSTRACT This paper contends that, under certain socio-political circumstances and in given historical periods, some art forms become particularly powerful means of expressing collective ideas about a shared past. Might artistic forms themselves tell us something about the social function of collective memory, as well as about the society that “addresses” its past through them? In an attempt to answer this question, the paper will look at the distinctive artistic expressions for remembering the Yugoslav anti-fascist Partisan movement and World War II at three moments in time, during which the memory of World War II was respectively (1) institutionalized as a narrative of the Partisan struggle and victory (through monumental memorials), (2) then called into question and remolded into “dissident” literary narratives, to eventually become (3) a form of activist socio-cultural critique of both nationalist memorialization in post-Yugoslav states and contemporary capitalist realities (through choir singing).

How we (used to) remember the Partisans. Culture of memory and art form during and after Yugoslavia

ABSTRACT This paper contends that, under certain socio-political circumstances and in given historical periods, some art forms become particularly powerful means of expressing collective ideas about a shared past. Might artistic forms themselves tell us something about the social function of collective memory, as well as about the society that “addresses” its past through them? In an attempt to answer this question, the paper will look at the distinctive artistic expressions for remembering the Yugoslav anti-fascist Partisan movement and World War II at three moments in time, during which the memory of World War II was respectively (1) institutionalized as a narrative of the Partisan struggle and victory (through monumental memorials), (2) then called into question and remolded into “dissident” literary narratives, to eventually become (3) a form of activist socio-cultural critique of both nationalist memorialization in post-Yugoslav states and contemporary capitalist realities (through choir singing).

Numerical analysis on hydrodynamic performance and wake recovery of helical-bladed hydrokinetic turbine: Impact of section inclination angle

In the context of exploiting renewable sources, cross-flow helical hydrokinetic turbine is conceded as one of the promising choices to unlock the potential in free-flowing water bodies. This study examines the impact of blade section inclination angle (−10° to +8°) and operational parameters, namely, tip speed ratio (0.6–1.4) and inflow velocity (1.0–2.5 m/s) on the performance as well as wake recovery of a 4-bladed rotor. The coefficients of power and section-averaged mean streamwise velocity deficit values are computed by solving the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations coupled with k-ε RNG turbulence model using numerical simulations to assess the performance and velocity recovery, respectively. The power coefficients are seen to be improved with an increase in negative section inclination angle and are found optimum in the range from −6° to −10° at a tip speed ratio of 1.0. The simulation results also reveal that the section inclination angle and tip speed ratio parameters significantly influence the velocity recovery. Furthermore, the performance decreases as the inflow velocity increases; however, the wake recovery is unaffected, with an identical wake length of 13 times the rotor diameter along the streamwise direction at a tip speed ratio of 1.0.

Correlative single-molecule and structured illumination microscopy of fast dynamics at the plasma membrane

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy offers powerful means to uncover the functional organization of proteins in the plasma membrane with very high spatial and temporal resolution. Traditional TIRF illumination, however, shows a Gaussian intensity profile, which is typically deteriorated by overlaying interference fringes hampering precise quantification of intensities—an important requisite for quantitative analyses in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Here, we combine flat-field illumination by using a standard πShaper with multi-angular TIR illumination by incorporating a spatial light modulator compatible with fast super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SIM). This distinct combination enables quantitative multi-color SMLM with a highly homogenous illumination. By using a dual camera setup with optimized image splitting optics, we achieve a versatile combination of SMLM and SIM with up to three channels. We deploy this setup for establishing robust detection of receptor stoichiometries based on single-molecule intensity analysis and single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET). Homogeneous illumination furthermore enables long-term tracking and localization microscopy (TALM) of cell surface receptors identifying spatial heterogeneity of mobility and accessibility in the plasma membrane. By combination of TALM and SIM, spatially and molecularly heterogenous diffusion properties can be correlated with nanoscale cytoskeletal organization and dynamics.

20.1 % Certified Efficiency of Planar Hole Transport Layer‐Free Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells by Spacer Cation Chain Length Engineering of 2D Perovskites

AbstractThe planar triple‐layer hole transport layer (HTL)‐free carbon‐based perovskite solar cells (C‐PSCs) have outstanding advantages of low cost and high stability, but are limited by low efficiency. The formation of a 3D/2D heterojunction has been widely proven to enhance device performance. However, the 2D perovskite possesses multiple critical properties associated with 3D perovskite, including defect passivation, energy level, and charge transport properties, all of which can impact device performance. It is challenging to find a powerful means to achieve comprehensive regulation and trade‐off of these key properties. Herein, we propose a chain‐length engineering of alkylammonium spacer cations to achieve this goal. The results show that the 2D perovskite formed by short‐chain alkylammonium cations primarily acts to passivate defects. With the increase in cation chain length, the 2D perovskite achieves a more matched energy level with 3D perovskite, enhancing the built‐in electric field and promoting charge separation. However, the further increase in chain length impedes the charge transport due to the insulativity of organic cations. Comprehensively, the 2D perovskite formed by tetradecylammonium cations achieves the optimal balance of defect passivation, interface charge separation, and charge transport. The planar HTL‐free C‐PSCs exhibit a new record efficiency of 20.40 % (certified 20.1 %).

Selenium-induced anion vacancy and active site migration stimulating remarkable sulfide Na-Ion storage

Heterojunctions and controllable anionic vacancies are perceived to be powerful means of ameliorating the performance of sodium-ion batteries assignable to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, the mechanism by which heterojunction and vacancy structures affect sodium-ion battery storage remains to be systemically explored. In this study, the Se doped CoS2@CoS1.035@Carbon (Se-CoS2@CoS1.035@C) heterostructure with anion vacancy was synthesized by a one-step calcination. These heterostructures with lower metal oxidation states and anionic vacancies exhibit exceptional Na+ storage performance (554.3 mA h g−1 after 1500 cycles at 5.0 A g−1). Both electrochemical tests and theoretical calculations demonstrate excellent pseudocapacitive behavior and enhanced Na+ adsorption during discharge because of anionic vacancies and Se doping. Additionally, introducing weaker Co-Se bonds and extending Co-S and Co-Se bonds reduce binding energies, which effectively accelerates the conversion reaction. Our findings provide a feasible way to rationally design and facilely prepare heterostructured anode materials with rich anionic vacancies for sodium-ion batteries.

Zinc Promoted Cross-Electrophile Sulfonylation to Access Alkyl-Alkyl Sulfones.

The transition metal-catalyzed multi-component cross-electrophile sulfonylation, which incorporates SO2 as a linker within organic frameworks, has proven to be a powerful, efficient, and cost-effective means of synthesizing challenging alkyl-alkyl sulfones. Transition metal catalysts play a crucial role in this method by transferring electrons from reductants to electrophilic organohalides, thereby causing undesirable side reactions such as homocoupling, protodehalogenation, β-hydride elimination, etc. It is worth noting that tertiary alkyl halides have rarely been demonstrated to be compatible with current methods owing to various undesired side reactions. In this work, a zinc-promoted cross-electrophile sulfonylation is developed through a radical-polar crossover pathway. This approach enables the synthesis of various alkyl-alkyl sulfones, including 1°-1°, 2°-1°, 3°-1°, 2°-2°, and 3°-2° types, from inexpensive and readily available alkyl halides. Various functional groups are well tolerated in the work, resulting in yields of up to 93%. Additionally, this protocol has been successfully applied to intramolecular sulfonylation and homo-sulfonylation reactions. The insights gained from this work shall be useful for the further development of cross-electrophile sulfonylation to access alkyl-alkyl sulfones.

What’s ethnicity got to do with it? Religious and racial politics in Europe

ABSTRACT Drawing on sociology, anthropology, constitutional law, and political philosophy, this issue explores how the concept of ethnicity functions as a salient category for understanding the experiences of minorities in Europe today. It considers ethnicity as a powerful means of self-identification and the assertion of differences between as well as within ethnic groups. This issue engages the tension between group-based stigmatization on the one hand, and the reality of increasingly fragmented forms of identification under the influences of de-institutionalization and individualization. It also hones in on the ethnicization and racialization of nationhood under the influence of right-wing identity politics, and the exploitation of ethnic differences for political and electoral purposes. In its engagement with socio-legal studies, this issue considers a number of strategies for alleviating the pressure on ethnic minorities, for example through the use of private sector duties as well as potential innovations of anti-discrimination infrastructures.

The role of achievement goals in productive collaborative argumentation

AbstractCollaborative argumentation has been recognized as a powerful means to facilitate conceptual change of scientific concepts for which students have robust misconceptions. However, eliciting and maintaining collaborative argumentation that yields such productive outcomes is known to be difficult. Specifically, social‐motivational antecedents have not yet been explored. Over 13 weeks, we conducted a controlled experiment to examine the role of achievement goals in productive collaborative argumentation in the context of scientific concept learning while fully considering the effects on conceptual change, argumentative discourse, and perceptions of conflicts. Three types of achievement goals were identified among 94 undergraduates: mastery goal‐dominant (a focus on developing competence and task mastery), two goals‐balanced (pursuing mastery and performance goals simultaneously) and performance goal‐dominant (a focus on demonstrating competence relative to others). Eighteen homogeneous groups participated in four collaborative argumentation activities concerning four scientific topics of varying controversy levels. The results showed that for highly controversial topics, mastery goal‐dominant students and two goals‐balanced students exhibited greater conceptual change than performance goal‐dominant students over a longer period. Dialogue protocol analysis further revealed a combined pattern of argumentative discourse (i.e., both deliberative argumentation and co‐consensual construction frequently occurred, while disputative argumentation rarely occurred) among mastery goal‐dominant students and two goals‐balanced students concerning highly controversial topics. Responses to stimulated recall interviews also indicated that perceptions of conflicts among the three types of students differed in terms of five aspects: their first impression of disagreements, their feelings in response to peer disagreement, their reasons for changing or maintaining to their original ideas, the meaning of group consensus, and the degrees to which they accepted group consensus. This study sheds light on the role of social‐motivational antecedents, deepening our understanding of whether different achievement goals might orient students to different perceptions of conflicts, triggering different argumentative discourse, producing different conceptual change.

Mixed sources and complicated petrogenetic processes of the himalayan granites recorded by apatite in-situ geochemistry of the eocene yardoi-lhunze complex, southeast tibet

The Cenozoic Himalayan granites are widely accepted as the anatectic products of crustal rocks. However, previous geochemical studies on their petrogenesis are mainly based on whole-rock analyses. Here we conducted a detailed petrographic, trace elemental and Sr isotopic investigations of apatite from the Middle Eocene (44–40 Ma) two-mica granites and subvolcanic porphyritic leucogranites of the Yardoi-Lhunze complex from the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence in the southeast Tibet, with the aim to constrain their magma sources and petrogenetic processes. The results show that apatites from the Quedang and Dala two-mica granites are characterized by euhedral to subhedral crystal shape, and have a wide range of initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7016–1.0088). They show significant negative Eu anomaly and varied concentrations of Sr and Y, indicating they are typical magmatic apatites. Apatites from the Qiaga porphyritic leucogranites can be divided into two groups based on Eu anomaly. Group-I apatites with positive Eu anomaly mainly display euhedral to subhedral crystal shape but with alteration rim, suggesting from the influence of hydrothermal fluids. Group-II apatites with negative Eu anomaly also have euhedral to subhedral crystal shape but they exhibit patchy or oscillatory zones, consistent with a magmatic origin. However, both group-I and II apatites have comparable initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, 0.7198–0.9966 and 0.7174–0.9999, respectively. Previous studies based on whole-rock petrology and geochemistry have suggested that the Quedang and Dala two-mica granites and the Qiaga porphyritic leucogranites represent cumulates and fractionated melt-rich magmas, respectively. This is evidenced by systematic variations between Sr, Y, (La/Sm)N and Eu/Eu* in magmatic apatites from Quedang and Dala, consistent with the fractionation crystallization of plagioclase and monazite.Apatite has a wide range of initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7016–1.0088), far exceeding the range of whole-rock records (0.7011–0.7204). Notably, most of the analyzed apatites show lower range of initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios consistent with locally exposed amphibolites (0.7109–0.7332). The remaining small portion of apatites have initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios falling within the data range of the locally exposed metapelites (0.8517–0.9527). Therefore, the investigated granites have mixed magma sources dominated by amphibolites with subordinate metapelites. This can be inferred by apatite Sr isotopes alone, but not by whole-rock Sr isotopes alone. Our investigations highlight that in-situ geochemistry of apatite can provide a powerful means to unravel the mixed magma sources and complicated magmatic processes for granites.

New cyclic Jensen type bounds via weighted HH inequalities and Montgomery identity with application to information inequalities

In this article a new method is introduced to give weighted estimations of the differences of cyclic refinements of Jensen functionals. We utilize weighted form of Hermite–Hadamard (HH) inequality along with the approximations of Montgomery two- and one-point formulae with Peano type kernel along with the consequences of the n-times differentiable convex functions. As a result, we present new upper and lower bounds that are also verified with concrete examples to show the correctness of the bounds obtained for special cases. As a result, we provide estimations in terms of cyclic power means. We also improvise our results to give new uniform estimations for useful distance functions in information theory. Finally, some estimations of Zipf and Hybrid Zipf law are provided as well.

ANALYSIS OF THE CONCLUSION OF THE PLENUM OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT IN RELATION TO THE VIOLATION OF THE CONSTITUTION BY THE PRESIDENT OF GEORGIA AND INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE

From 2013 until the present, the dispute on the separation of competencies between the leaders of the state government has been ongoing in political life, as well as on an international scale in the field of foreign relations. The field of foreign relations is of national importance and is directly related to the state’s image and foreign policy. The conclusion of the international treaties, as well as the appointment of the ambassadors and representation of the state, has become the subject of dispute at various times. State representation by the President in foreign relations has led to a Constitutional Reference submitted by the Parliament of Georgia to the Constitutional Court of Georgia, alleging a violation of the Constitution by the President for the first time in the country’s history. As a result, according to the conclusion of the Constitutional Court of Georgia dated October 16, 2023, President Ms. Zurabishvili violated the Constitution of Georgia by exercising representation powers without the consent of the Government. Based on the above, this thesis will analyze the meaning of the representation power in foreign relations, the President’s constitutional status, and the President’s role in foreign relations, acting as the socalled “neutral arbitrator”. This thesis will include a discussion on the roles of the Parliament and the Constitutional Court of Georgia in the political-legal process of Presidential impeachment proceedings. It will also examine the conclusions and decisions of Constitutional Courts in various states regarding alleged constitutional violations by Presidents and disputes over competence.

Programming utopia: artificial intelligence, judgement, and the prospect of jurisgenesis

ABSTRACT There has been much handwringing about artificial intelligence’s application to law. Much of it regards AI’s potential incompatibility with restrictions on the unauthorized interpretation of law. However, the arguments commonly offered in defence of these restrictions fail to justify curtailing a technology that promises to narrow the ‘justice gap’ and deliver us to a more egalitarian future. Despite this failure, however, I contend that utopian visions of ‘robot lawyers’ nevertheless cast a dystopian shadow, as the increased use of AI encroaches on the space of human judgement. At stake in this encroachment, I contend, is the possibility of jurisgenesis, the interpretive activity by which law’s material power and normative meaning are bound. Preserving this possibility, I conclude, requires that discussions of law and AI must include not only scholars of law and of machine learning, but also humanists, who concern themselves with the connection between our law and our humanity.

A Comprehensive Review of Forensic Phonetics Techniques

Forensics refers to scientific investigations of criminal activities. In the digital forensic domain, phonetics is gaining attention from researchers. In the past, it was not as highlighted as images or videos. Considering the importance of voice as a powerful means of communication in the digital world, it has become an interesting topic for research. For instance, speaker identity verification is crucial in banks, multimedia, and biometrics. However, voice can be easily tampered with or disguised, creating social panic or affecting the speaker’s identity. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of voice modification in speaker identification, making a valuable contribution to criminal investigations. It covers various topics, including voice disguise methods, analysis techniques used to detect disguises and forensic approaches for solving criminal cases in phonetics. The paper aims to understand these interrelated fields better and identify potential avenues for future research and development. It achieves this by providing a detailed review of the methodology used to identify disguised voices in forensic investigations and presenting a tabular overview of the developments in this area over the years.

Abstract PO-031: Systematic discovery of chemotherapy response biomarkers in Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas

Abstract Background. Identifying which patients will benefit from individual therapies remains a general challenge in oncology. Predictive biomarkers of drug sensitivity, when known, can increase the rate of success of trials, and allow stratification of patients for targeted combination therapies, as recent shown by the GUIDANCE-01 trial in Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas (PTCL) could particularly benefit from this approach, being heterogeneous diseases against which many therapies are active in unpredictable subsets of patients. A central challenge of biomarker discovery is finding true determinants of drug response, which may be multiple genes, among thousands of molecular features that may accidentally correlate. Here, we aim to mitigate this challenge by combining functional genetic screens and gene expression profiling in diverse PTCL cultures, to enable the systematic discovery of drug sensitivity biomarkers. Methods. To discover genes whose expression directly modifies drug sensitivity, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR screens with PTCL cells under treatment with five therapies with clinical activity in PTCL: Romidepsin, Pralatrexate, Gemcitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Bortezomib. To discover genes whose basal expression significantly correlates with specific drug sensitivities, we measured RNAseq and drug response functions for a diverse panel of 27 PTCL cultures. Genes in the intersection of both experiments are causally related to and correlate with drug responses in PTCL, and have the statistical benefit of detection by independent methods. Results. Functional genetic screens on therapy provided mechanistic insights for each drug of interest, and identified genes whose perturbation affects drug sensitivity. Whereas hundreds of genes nominally correlate with drug sensitivity in cell line panels, for each drug a shortlist of only 5 to 20 genes are both CRISPR hits and correlate with response across PTCL cultures. For each drug tested, multi-gene sensitivity scores constructed from hits stratify PTCL cultures into statistically distinct sensitive and non-sensitive subgroups (Mann Whitney P-Values <0.01). These genes’ relationships to drug mechanisms were often supported by prior studies, including functions in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and solute carriers required for cellular entry of specific therapies, such as SLC19A1 for Pralatrexate and SLC43A2 for Oxaliplatin. Conclusions. Combining functional genetic screens and correlative drug sensitivity measurements narrowed the search for predictive biomarkers of drug sensitivity, and may be a general means of refining biomarker hypotheses for validation in clinical datasets. Although chemotherapy sensitivity is commonly polygenic, multi-gene scores based on few mechanistically-related genes were able to significantly distinguish drug sensitive from resistant PTCLs. These approaches provide novel hypotheses for drug-gene relationships that may serve as the basis for molecular subtyping of individual lymphomas for precision regimens. Citation Format: Adam C Palmer, Jacob C Pantazis. Systematic discovery of chemotherapy response biomarkers in Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Meeting on Advances in Malignant Lymphoma: Maximizing the Basic-Translational Interface for Clinical Application; 2024 Jun 19-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2024;5(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-031.

Techno-Realism: Navigating New Challenges in the Contemporary Role of Technology in Politics

This paper aims to introduce a new theory, techno-realism, which is derived from political realism, to help comprehend the complex connections between technology and politics. According to techno-realism, technology serves as a means of power, with the innate drive for survival in human nature shaping the formation of identity. The research question at the core of this study revolves around the extent to which technology influences contemporary political science and whether it truly serves as a means of power. Three concepts are introduced: identity establishment, technology as the central source of power, and non-state actors in politics. The primary case study focuses on the complexity of the issue in Xinjiang, examining the application of cyberpolitics in the region. The second case study explores technology’s role in Indonesia’s political power struggle, as evidenced by its 2024 elections and the abuse of information and electronic transaction law effectiveness to control freedom of speech. Additionally, this paper introduces a case study on the Indo-Pacific regional power dynamics in confronting “digital authoritarianism”. This paper underscores the imperative for a new theoretical framework, adapted from political realism, which despite being subject to considerable criticism, has the potential for further development, placing technology at the core of analysis. Recognising the central roles of technology, identity formation, and non-state actors, techno-realism offers valuable insights for navigating complex political landscapes and informing strategic responses to emerging challenges. However, further research is needed to understand completely its applicability and limitations across different contexts, as demonstrated by the case studies presented in this paper.

UAV remote sensing monitoring of winter wheat tiller number based on vegetation pixel extraction and mixed-features selection

Tiller number serves as a crucial indicator of total yield in agriculture. Accurately monitoring tiller numbers is essential for guiding variable fertilization to optimize inputs and enhance final yields. Currently, most of the existing winter wheat tillering sensing monitoring methods cannot meet the three requirements of fast, accurate and efficient at the same time. In order to improve the monitoring accuracy and efficiency, this paper proposes a fast UAV remote sensing method for winter wheat tiller number estimation, combined with self-adaptive segmentation framework and multi-feature selection method. The self-adaptive segmentation framework is designed from the perspective of amplifying the difference of spectral information of ground objects. This framework fully considers the influence of complex environment, especially vegetation coverage, on parameter setting while using mathematical function means and polarization ideas. It aims to solve the problem of insufficient applicability of traditional segmentation methods under different environmental conditions. Subsequently, an optimized grey wolf search algorithm CMI-IGWO with multi-strategy fusion is proposed. Its novel evaluation criteria and iterative mechanism provide important algorithm support for the determination of the best inversion feature combination. The search algorithm combines statistics and information theory, comprehensively considers the linear and nonlinear relationships between variables, and guides the gray wolf to select the optimal features. Experiments show that the mixed features covering spectral, texture, color and shape information can make the final tiller number prediction model work best, achieving an R2 value exceeding 0.75. It affirms the efficacy and robustness of the proposed method in estimating winter wheat tiller numbers, providing valuable guidance for precise topdressing. This study provides a new feasible solution for predicting crop tiller number with high accuracy and efficiency using UAV remote sensing technology.

Association between frailty and meaning in life of older adults in nursing home: the mediating effect of psychological resilience

BackgroundMeaning in life is a crucial aspect of psychological well-being, often overlooked despite its clinical significance. This warrants further investigation, especially regarding its relationship with frailty and psychological resilience.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the status and relevance of frailty, psychological resilience, and meaning in life among older adults in Chinese nursing homes. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of psychological resilience between frailty and meaning in life, providing insights to improve the meaning in life for older adults in nursing homes.MethodsBetween August 2022 and November 2022, 302 older adults in Chinese nursing homes were selected using convenience sampling. The study utilized the Socio-demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Source of Meaning Scale for Older Adults. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted, and SPSS 27.0 was employed for analyzing correlations between frailty, psychological resilience, and meaning in life. The mediating effect of psychological resilience was assessed using Model 4 in the Process plug-in.ResultsOlder adults in nursing homes exhibited a frailty total score of 4.00 (2.00, 5.00), with a prevalence of 28.5%. Psychological resilience scored 66.00 (51.75, 76.00), and meaning in life scored 149.00 (132.00, 158.25). Frailty showed a negative correlation with both meaning in life and psychological resilience, while meaning in life demonstrated a positive correlation with psychological resilience. Psychological resilience exhibited a partial mediating effect, accounting for 51.04% of the total effect between frailty and meaning in life.ConclusionFrailty incidence is high among older adults in nursing homes, with psychological resilience at a general level and meaning in life in the upper middle level. Psychological resilience plays a crucial role as a partial mediator between frailty and meaning in life. Timely assessment of frailty, targeted interventions, and improvements in psychological resilience are essential for enhancing the meaning in life and promoting successful aging.

High-Entropy Transition Metal Phosphorus Trichalcogenides for Rapid Sodium Ion Diffusion.

High-entropy strategies are regarded as a powerful means to enhance performance in energy storage fields. The improved properties are invariably ascribed to entropy stabilization or synergistic cocktail effect. Therefore, the manifested properties in such multicomponent materials are usually unpredictable. Elucidating the precise correlations between atomic structures and properties remains a challenge in high-entropy materials (HEMs). Herein, atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy annular dark field (STEM-ADF) imaging and four dimensions (4D)-STEM are combined to directly visualize atomic-scale structural and electric information in high-entropy FeMnNiVZnPS3. Aperiodic stacking is found in FeMnNiVZnPS3 accompanied by high-density strain soliton boundaries (SSBs). Theoretical calculation suggests that the formation of such structures is attributed to the imbalanced stress of distinct metal-sulfur bonds in FeMnNiVZnPS3. Interestingly, the electric field concentrates along the two sides of SSBs and gradually diminishes toward the two-dimensional (2D) plane to generate a unique electric field gradient, strongly promoting the ion-diffusion rate. Accordingly, high-entropy FeMnNiVZnPS3 demonstrates superior ion-diffusion coefficients of 10-9.7-10-8.3 cm2 s-1 and high-rate performance (311.5 mAh g-1 at 30 A g-1). This work provides an alternative way for the atomic-scale understanding and design of sophisticated HEMs, paving the way for property engineering in multi-component materials.