Poverty Rate In Indonesia Research Articles

Machine Learning for Mapping and Forecasting Poverty in North Sumatera: A Data-Driven Approach

Discussing poverty is crucial because it affects many facets of society, including socioeconomic disparity, crime, and the inability to obtain high-quality education. One of the provinces with the highest poverty rate in Indonesia is North Sumatra. A strategy is required to gather accurate data to effectively reduce poverty. Poverty mapping and prediction were conducted in North Sumatra to get a precise spatial distribution of poverty, the operation of the poverty model, and forecasting using machine learning (ML). Poverty prediction was conducted using a random forest (RF) algorithm and poverty mapping was conducted using the K-Means algorithm. The poverty mapping showed a significant inertia value decline in the third and fourth clusters of the elbow graph. The third cluster (0.313) was superior to the fourth cluster (0.244) in the silhouette index. Thus, there were three poverty clusters - low, medium, and high - that were used in the model. The best model was created using the grid search cross-validation, while the best prediction results were created using the RF algorithm, with the following parameters: n-estimator = 50, max depth = 10, min samples split = 2, and min samples leaf = 1. The mean squared error (MSE) of the RF model's predictions was 0.002617, or satisfactory precision.

Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Pelayanan Masyarakat

This research aims to describe the role of mentors, inhibiting and supporting factors in mentoring the Community Service Welfare Empowerment Program. This research uses a qualitative approach, the companion is the research subject. The problem of poverty is a complex obstacle so that a country cannot have the ability to eradicate poverty alone. The majority of Indonesian people are at a low economic level, this causes the poverty rate in Indonesia to increase from year to year

A Portrait of Multidimensional Poverty of Indonesian Agricultural Households

The problem of poverty is not only measured by purchasing power but also by access to fulfillment of needs such as education, health, and quality of life. Poverty measured from this perspective is referred to as multidimensional poverty. This study aims to identify the multidimensional poverty conditions of households in the agricultural sector, which is the sector that contributes the highest monetary poverty rate in Indonesia. The data used is data from the National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) from 2017 to 2021. This research was conducted on 34 provinces in Indonesia. The portrait of multidimensional poverty is processed using the Alkire-Foster method using three dimensions, namely the dimensions of education, health, and quality of life. The three dimensions are measured using thirteen indicators that have been adjusted to the indicators in SDG'S 2030. The results of this study state that the deprivation of agricultural households is still high in the indicators of years of schooling, ownership of health insurance and availability of proper sanitation. The province with the highest Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) value is Papua, followed by four other provinces, namely, East Nusa Tenggara, Banten, West Nusa Tenggara, and West Java. In addition, this study also identifies multidimensional poverty in the agricultural sector by regional classification and gender of the household head.

DETERMINANTS OF POOR HOUSEHOLDS IN SOUTH SUMATRA USING A MULTILEVEL LOGISTIC MODEL

Poverty is still one of the problems experienced by all countries, including Indonesia. According to BPS, in March 2021, the poverty rate in Indonesia was 10.14 percent. South Sumatra is a province with a poverty rate, which is the tenth-highest nationwide and the third-highest on Sumatra Island. This poverty rate is accompanied by a contraction in economic growth in 2021 by 3.58 percent. This condition indicates a contradiction and suggests that poverty still needs to be resolved. Moreover, the disparity in social and economic aspects across regions could potentially make the poverty rate high. This research aims to see the individual and regional or contextual factors affecting poor households. To simultaneously capture the effects of individual and regional level, we perform a Multilevel Logistic model using hierarchical structured poverty data from SUSENAS. The result shows that 4 (four) variables at individual level, which are the number of household members, the status of residence building, health insurance, and saving ownership, had a significant effect on the poor household. The region with high unemployment rate tend to have a high percentage of poor households. This result indicates that local government need to have policies that can affect poor households directly, such as socializing more about health insurance program and family planning program, as well as supervision in social aid distribution. Moreover, they need to create a program that can employ more people in order to decrease the percentage of poor households in such regions.

The Nexus of Gender Inequality and Poverty Rate in Indonesia

The Nexus of Gender Inequality and Poverty Rate in Indonesia

The Crime of Begging in Public Based on Article 504 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code

The imbalance between job seekers and job recipients makes it difficult for some Indonesians to find work. This study aims to determine the handling of the crime of begging in public based on Article 504 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and also to determine the termination of the crime of begging in public in connection with the Tulungagung District Court Decision Number 69/Pid.C/2022/PN. In addition, to determine the suitability of the crime of begging in public based on article 504 of the Criminal Code with article 429 of the new Criminal Code and whether the handling of the crime of begging in public is effective or not. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical with a normative juridical approach. The conclusion of this study is that the handling of the crime of begging in public based on Article 504 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code associated with the Tulungagung District Court Decision Number 69/Pid.C/2022/PN Tlg has been implemented appropriately. This is manifested in Tulungagung District Court Decision Number 69/Pid.C/2022/PN Plg where the judge ruled that the perpetrators of the crime of begging in public are punishable in Article 504, article 1 (one) of the Criminal Code. So that Article 504 paragraph 1 (one) has not been effectively implemented in the community and the punishment is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. To reduce similar crimes, the government must intervene to deal with the poverty rate in Indonesia so that the level of begging in Indonesia is reduced.

Determinan Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Indonesia

Poverty is a problem in the development process in most countries, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. Analyzing the factors that influence poverty is important in formulating effective and targeted policies. This study aims to analyze the independent variables of village funds, unemployment rate, human development index (HDI), and gross regional domestic product (GRDP) affecting the dependent variable of the number of poor people in Indonesia in 2022. The study used the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model to analyze cross-section data from 34 provinces in Indonesia in 2022. The results show that village funds and GRDP have a significant positive influence on the number of poor people, but HDI and unemployment rate do not have a significant influence. The findings make a significant contribution to understanding the factors that contribute to the poverty rate in Indonesia, as well as providing a basis for formulating more effective development policies to reduce the poverty rate in the future.

Peran Kebijakan Fiskal Dalam Mengevaluasi Zakat Sebagai Upaya Menyikapi Kemiskinan Di Indonesia

This research aims to evaluate the role of zakat in reducing poverty levels in Indonesia with a focus on fiscal policy. Islam teaches that poverty stems from unequal access to basic needs, and zakat is considered a potential instrument in overcoming social and economic inequality. Even though the government has made efforts to overcome poverty, the poverty rate in Indonesia is still high. This research uses qualitative methods with a library research approach to analyze literature related to fiscal policy, zakat, and Islamic economic concepts. The research results show that zakat has a positive impact in reducing poverty, especially through providing business capital. However, implementing zakat in Indonesia requires an evaluation of fiscal policy, and low public trust in zakat institutions is an obstacle. Therefore, the role of supportive, transparent and efficient fiscal policies in zakat management is very important to increase the impact of zakat in alleviating poverty.

God's Protection in the Post-Pandemic Phenomenon of Extreme Poverty in Indonesia

The Covid 19 pandemic, which has lasted for about three years, has had a significant impact on all aspects of life throughout the world, especially in Indonesia. Every day humans can move quickly and without restrictions, but during the Covid 19 pandemic human movement was limited and restricted by several rules that have been set, including the number of gatherings even in the early days of the Covid 19 pandemic, staying at home or working from home, studying Working from home is mandatory for all levels of society and groups, both in schools, campuses and offices, so that the spread of the Covid 19 virus does not become widespread. This certainly has a significant impact on the speed of the economy, finances and of course the welfare of society. Since March 2022, the poverty rate in Indonesia has increased by 9.54%, and the government is trying to create many programs to eradicate it. This research answers the question: what is meant by poverty? What are the impacts of living in poverty? What is the solution to God’s protection in the post-pandemic extreme poverty phenomenon in Indonesia? The outcomes of using the literature investigate method are listed below: (1) Poverty as a disadvantage to citizens measured in terms of a certain standard of living, which refers to relative poverty designs that carry out similar analyzes in many poor countries. (2) The consequences of living in poverty are worsening health, declining health, and lack of security. (3) Overcoming poverty by enlivening God's protection, namely God's duty to prevent many poor people from becoming protectors of lifestyles, families and church congregations like Christ.

The Moderating Role Of Economic Growth In The Association Between Corruption And Poverty In Indonesia

Indonesia has abundant natural and human resources. With a large population and abundant natural resources, Indonesia has the potential to become the centre of the world economy. But in reality, Indonesia faces many challenges. With such abundant wealth, corruption, economic growth, and poverty are the biggest problems in Indonesia. Corruption is closely related to the economic condition of society. This study aims to analyse the impact of corruption on the poverty rate in Indonesia. Using secondary data published by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) from 2018 to 2022, a panel data regression model in 34 provinces in Indonesia was used to obtain 170 data samples. The researcher found that the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), which is considered an indicator of the level of corruption in Indonesia, has a negative and significant impact on the poverty rate. On the other hand, GR as an indicator of economic growth in Indonesia has a negative and significant impact on Indonesia's economic growth. In this study, economic growth is able to moderate the interaction relationship between corruption and poverty levels in Indonesia. Although Indonesia in the 2018-2022 timeframe has always experienced growth, this is also in line with the higher level of corruption in Indonesia, which has an impact on the high disparity and poverty in Indonesia. Therefore, the government and society must work together to fight corruption and reduce poverty by improving transparency and increasing public participation in order to reduce inequality and poverty among Indonesians.

Financial Technology and Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia During the COVID-19 : Impact Evaluation Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes, especially to each country's economic and financial sectors. Economic growth in Indonesia experienced a contraction entering mid-2021. This also impacted limiting economic activity, decreasing household consumption, unemployment risk, and increased poverty. In addition, there are changes in people's behavior, such as digital financing systems, non-cash payment systems, and online buying and selling transaction systems. Efforts to improve the economy are encouraged by stimulating people's economic productivity through adaptation to digital technology developments, especially using digital finance. However, the development of digital finance needs to be supported by public financial literacy and inclusion so that it can positively alleviate poverty. This study aims to analyze the impact of financial technology lending on poverty in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic using instrumental variable analysis (IV) for 2019-202. The results of the study show that fintech lending has a negative effect on the poverty rate. However, it is not significant when other variables are added. E-commerce and the use of credit cards have a negative and significant impact on the poverty rate in Indonesia. In maximizing the role of Fintech in Indonesia, support and cooperation from the government, financial institutions, and various relevant stakeholders are needed.

A system dynamics model on how zakat can reduce poverty in Indonesia

Purpose – This study analyzes the potential of zakat for poverty alleviation using a system dynamics approach. Indonesia has excellent zakat potential as a country with the largest Muslim population. However, the poverty rate in Indonesia is still high at approximately 10.14% of the total population.Methodology – This study used system dynamics to model how zakat can reduce poverty in Indonesia. The system dynamics method was chosen because of its capability to model the complexity of the system. Findings – The model indicates that increasing the percentage of productive zakat allocation and decreasing the delay of the conversion program can reduce the poverty alleviation time from 200 to 120 years using the zakat nisab standard and from 32 years using the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) poverty standard. However, if Zakat faces limited funds, the focus should be on decreasing the conversion delay. Implications –This research can encourage people to become muzakki (zakat payers) because, as indicated in the simulation models, muzakki growth of muzakki has a role in poverty alleviation. In addition, Zakat institutions can use the developed model to simulate the best policy for poverty alleviation before implementing the program.Originality – Although the system dynamics approach has shown promising findings in modeling poverty, the number of studies utilizing system dynamics to analyze the effect of zakat on poverty reduction is limited. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of zakat in alleviating poverty by implementing a system-based approach and simulating system dynamics.

PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) BERBASIS EKONOMI KREATIF DI LAPAK PESONA

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are productive businesses owned by individuals or business entities that meet the criteria to become micro-enterprises. MSMEs do play a role in reducing the increasing poverty rate in Indonesia. MSMEs have a role in fighting poverty by utilizing the potential of natural resources that are managed comprehensively. This research examines creative economy-based MSME development strategies in Lapak Pesona, Village of Madiun Lor, Manguharjo District, Madiun City. The purpose of the study is to find out the challenges and obstacles faced by creative economy MSMEs in Lapak Pesona in developing their businesses. The research type used in this research is a qualitative research method and uses proportional sampling, namely a sampling technique by first determining the data source. Data collection techniques are carried out directly through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research obtained found that business actors in Lapak Pesona still find it difficult to develop their businesses to grow. The challenges and obstacles are limited capital and lack of promotional facilities. Using appropriate strategic planning and problem solving methods can make it easier to resolve the problems faced. One of the best ways to use is to utilize the methods provided through a series of stages in the SWOT analysis

Modeling Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia according to Ibnu Khaldun Philosophy (an approach to morality in the Qur’an)

The poverty problem is a multidimensional discourse. The debate about poverty and how to exterminate it has been carried out for many years. This is important because the problem of poverty can have implications for social, economic, and political problems in society. In fact, in the hadith the Prophet Muhammad SAW stated that "Poverty (Poverty) is close to kufr". In Islamic history, one scholar who discussed poverty was Ibn Khaldun. Referring to the socio-economic dynamics theory compiled by Umer Chapra based on Ibn Khaldun's thoughts in his "eight wise principles" or Hikammiyah sentences, Ibn Khaldun views poverty as not only caused by economic factors but also influenced by multidimensional non-economic aspects (morality). This study aims to observe the influence of Ibnu Khaldun's social-economic dynamics, such as government spending in the social sector, corruption, human development index (HDI), Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Foreign Direct investment (FDI), and Gini ratio over poverty rates in Indonesia. This study used modeling using the static panel data regression method with the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. Based on panel data analysis which includes data from 34 provinces in Indonesia for the 2018-2022 period, it was found that the variables of government spending in the social sector, corruption and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), significantly affect the poverty rate in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the variables Human Development Index (HDI), Foreign Direct investment (FDI), and Gini ratio have no effect.

PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT DAN TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI SELURUH INDONESIA

Poverty is one of the macroeconomic variables in a country which has always been a problem in developing countries, especially Indonesia. Poverty is the main factor in the emergence of problems such as crime, inequality, unemployment (another consequence of low levels of education) and other problems. Many factors cause poverty, one of which is a basic need which is education. The research objectives to be achieved are to analyze the simultaneous effect of education, unemployment rate, and Foreign Direct Investment on Poverty in Provinces throughout Indonesia and to analyze the partial effect of education, unemployment rate, and Foreign Direct Investment on Poverty in Provinces throughout Indonesia. The analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study are that education partially has a negative and significant effect on the level of poverty in Indonesia, where the longer the average formal education a person has completed, the lower the poverty rate in Indonesia. Foreign Direct Investment partially has a negative but not significant effect, meaning that Foreign Direct Investment has no effect on the Poverty Level. The Unemployment Rate partially has a positive but not significant effect, meaning that the Unemployment Rate has no effect on the Poverty Level.

Analysis of the ICT Index, GRDP Per Capita, and Gini Index on the Percentage of the Poor Population In Indonesia 2020-2022

The COVID-19 pandemic that occurred in the period 2020 to 2021 had a very significant impact on the Indonesian economy, including causing a slowdown in Indonesia's economic growth, which fell from 5.02% in 2019 to 2.97% in 2020 and an increase in the poverty rate in Indonesia from 9.41% in 2019 then increasing to 9.78% in 2020 and rising again to 10.14% in 2021. The Information and Communications Technology Development Index (IP-TIK), Gross Regional Domestic Per Capita, and the Gini Index in a region influence the poverty rate of the population in that region. In this research, the author wants to know how much influence these variables have on the percentage of poor people in Indonesia. This research uses panel data regression analysis for 2020, 2021, to 2022. Panel data was processed from 34 provinces in Indonesia in the 2020-2022 time period with the eviews 12 application. A series of model tests found that the Fixed Effect Model was the most suitable. The results of the research show that there is quite a significant influence of those variables on the percentage of poor people in Indonesia in 2020-2022. The results of this research can be a basis for the Government to continue to improve services to the community in terms of developing information and communication technology infrastructure and further reducing inequality in society.

Reducing the provincial poverty rate in Indonesia: The impact of local government expenditure

This study seeks to examine the effect of local government expenditure on the improvement of provincial welfare in Indonesia. It is necessary to increase public capital such as basic infrastructure and public facilities, as well as to improve public services such as health, education, and social protection. Based on previous studies, research on government spending on poverty has a significant effect on poverty reduction, but some other studies are not the case, namely government spending has not been significant in reducing poverty and improving welfare. The data used in government expenditure is expenditure based on functions, particularly health, education, and social protection functions in the province, both district/city and provincial government expenditures obtained from the Directorate General of Financial Balance (DJPK), while the provincial poverty rate serves as a proxy for regional welfare. Over the period 2015-2021, the Fixed Effect model using the Generalized Least Square Estimation (GLSE) approach is used to estimate outcomes for 34 provinces in Indonesia. The results indicated that government expenditure on the health sector and education sector had a negative significant influence on reducing the poverty rate, whereas government expenditure on social protection did not. The control factors, such as economic growth, had a negative effect on poverty reduction in Indonesia, whereas the unemployment rate and informal labor in the agricultural sector had positive and significant effects. Government policies, especially government spending, have contributed well to reducing poverty, but the government should pay attention to the integration of spending programs with other programs.

Analisa Perbandingan Complate Linkage AHC dan K-Medoids Dalam Pengelompokkan Data Kemiskinan di Indonesia

The poverty rate in Indonesia has increased from 9.54 percent in March 2022 to 9.57 percent in September 2022 due to inflation and low wages and people's incomes. To overcome this problem, steps such as providing social assistance, creating decent jobs, and increasing wage standards are needed to increase people's purchasing power and reduce poverty in the future. The government needs to pay special attention to provinces with high poverty rates through special programs and efforts to increase income and the economy in these areas. Data Mining is a solution in solving this problem by utilizing the clustering method which is known as the clustering method. The clustering method used in this study is the AHC method and the K-Medoids method. In order to determine the provinces with the highest number of poor people, the AHC and K-Medoids clustering methods will be applied separately so that the final results of each will be analyzed. The results of the analysis show the formation of three clusters with different cluster locations. The application of the AHC method resulted in cluster 2 with the largest number of provinces, namely 22 provinces, followed by cluster 0 with 9 provinces, and cluster 1 with only 3 provinces. While the application of the K-Medoids method resulted in cluster 1 with the largest number of provinces, namely 22 provinces, followed by cluster 0 with 9 provinces, and cluster 2 with only 3 provinces. Although the location of the clusters is different between the two methods, the number of provinces in the cluster is the same so that a cluster with a total of 3 provinces is declared the province with the largest number of poor people.

Lemah Ekonomi Antara Takdir dan Struktur Sosial (Suatu Kajian Tafsir Tematik)

This research aims to explain the issue of economic weakness from the perspective of al-Qur'anic tafsir by presenting the interpretations of scholars, and provide perspectives on economic empowerment by Islam and the government. The background of this topic is the increasing poverty rate in Indonesia with data from the Central Statistics Agency that in December 2022 increased by 9.57 percent. The economic weakness is divided into two, namely natural and structural. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with thematic interpretation analysis. The results of this study show that the Qur'an is concerned about the economically weak through Zakat, while the government has implemented various support programs for the poor, such as the National Safety Net (JPS), low-interest loans, and others. Weak economic conditions can occur naturally with weak natural resources and physical deficiencies. Structurally, economic weakness is caused by imbalance of power, unavailability of jobs, low education, and abuse of power. The Qur'an provides a solution so that the economy must rotate to all levels of society, it should not rotate only in the environment of the rich and rulers. Suggestions for future research to be able to examine the issue of economic weakness with a broader perspective and to include other terms that lead to the issue.

The Role of Bhabinkamtibmas for The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) In Indonesian

In order to raise awareness about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia, the government needs support to achieve the 2030 vision. One form of support is increased security by the National Police, especially for members of Bhabinkamtibmas. This effort aims to facilitate the realization of 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and a target of 3,169 by 2030. This study used the literature review method. Data collection techniques are carried out by exploring journals and other information relevant to the study. The results showed that there are several influential roles of Bhabinkamtibmas in providing a sense of security to community members against high crime as a result of the high poverty rate in Indonesia. In addition, strengthening the role and function of Bhabinkamtibmas in realizing SDGs in Indonesia is determined by the large level of public awareness of the importance of order in the local environment. The next research that can be done is that researchers can conduct a literature review to examine the role of state security devices in participating in the other 17 pillars of SDGs, and researchers can conduct research with field research methods to get more comprehensive results.