Pottery Manufacture Research Articles

The Roman Settlement at Brampton, Norfolk: Interim Report

Excavations and fieldwork at Brampton, Norfolk (TG 223237), 1965–1975, have added to knowledge of the Romano-British settlement first recorded in 1667. The settlement lies at an important cross-roads and river-crossing and covers c. 75 acres (30 ha); of this an area of c. 15 acres was enclosed by a defensive ditch, probably in the second century. Industrial activity on the site included large-scale pottery manufacture, and metal-working. Fieldwork and small excavations have been carried out each year since 1965 by a small group of amateur archaeologists under the direction of the author. Excavations by Mr C. J. S. Green for the Norfolk Archaeological Unit in 1974 will be published in a forthcoming report in the series ‘East Anglian Archaeology’. No final report can be published until more large-scale excavations have been carried out, but it is hoped that the following brief account of the site will give an indication of its nature and importance.

A Survey of Traditional Pottery Manufacture in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States

A Survey of Traditional Pottery Manufacture in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States

Manufacturing processes. Pottery manufacture.

Journal Article Manufacturing Processes Pottery Manufacture Get access J.G. DATHAN J.G. DATHAN Employment Medical Adviser Health and Safety ExecutiveStoke-on-Trent Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Occupational Medicine, Volume 26, Issue 1, January 1976, Pages 35–36, https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/26.1.35 Published: 01 January 1976

Pottery Analysis and Halaf Period Trade in the Khabur Headwaters Region

In September 1974 the University of Edinburgh began a survey of archaeological sites in the Khabur headwaters region of North-eastern Syria. One of the principal aims of this survey was to collect materials for a preliminary study of prehistoric ceramics and geological clays in that area by neutron activation analysis. From its inception this project received the aid and encouragement of the Department of Antiquities of the Syrian Arab Republic, and we should like to give special thanks to M. Bahnassi, the director of the Department of Antiquities, and to M. Bounni for their help. The work was supported by grants from the Russell Trust and from the Munro Foundation.Previous to the survey, a long series of neutron activation analyses had been completed on prehistoric pottery, mainly of the Halaf period, from excavated sites in Northern Iraq and Eastern Syria. A comparison of the chemical compositions of Halaf sherds from different sites indicated that some varieties of Halaf painted ware had been extensively traded. It was hoped that a study of clay and pottery compositions at a number of ancient sites within a limited geographical area would provide evidence for the detailed form of this pottery trade, and would reveal the sources of the clays used in prehistoric pottery manufacture.

MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF ANCIENT FRENCH CERAMICS

Some samples obtained from ancient French ceramics were studied by Moessbauer spectroscopy to test the potential of this method for determining the origin and the manufacture of pottery. The relative abundance of Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ from Moesshauer spectra gave information about the atmosphere in the kilns used to fire ancient pottery. On the other hand, the comparison with transformations induced by firing clay characterized by Moessbauer spectroscopy may lead to valuable infor-mation regarding the manufacture of ancient pottery as, for instance, the final temperature of firing in it. -- AATA

Pottery Manufacture and Trade in the Central Moluccas, Indonesia: The Modern Situation and the Historical Implications

Pottery Manufacture and Trade in the Central Moluccas, Indonesia: The Modern Situation and the Historical Implications

The Roman Fortress at Longthorpe

The Roman military site at Longthorpe, west of Peterborough, was discovered by observation from the air in 1961: no traces now remain on the surface. Excavations between 1967 and 1973 have shown that a 27-acre fortress with timber buildings, accommodating a legionary vexillation together with auxiliary troops, was succeeded by an 11-acre fort. The period of occupation extended from c. 44/8 to c. 62. Crop marks observed from the air at Orton Stanch, 400 m. south-east of the fortress, have led to the discovery of a native farmstead. Excavations there by Messrs. A. Challands, G. B. Dannell and Dr. J. P. Wild have shown that agricultural activities were intermitted for the period of the occupation of the fortress, the settlement being replaced by a large industrial establishment or worksdepot involved in pottery manufacture and possibly in bronze-working with clear military connections. The present report describes the excavation of the fortress: the industrial site is to be published in a future volume of Britannia.

THE HISTORY OF SO‐CALLED EGYPTIAN FAIENCE IN ISLAMIC PERSIA: INVESTIGATIONS INTO ABŪ'L‐QĀSIM'S TREATISE

ABSTRACTSThe glazes and bodies of fifteen Persian ceramic objects datable to c. A.D. 1300 were analysed by X‐ray fluorescent and optical emission spectroscopyin order to test the veracity of parts of Abū'l‐Qāsim's treatise on pottery manufacture. The results showed that the bodies of these pots were closely akin to so‐called Egyptian faience, and it is suggested on the basis of textual evidence that this body was used in Persia before the Seljuq period to imitate Chinese pottery, and may have been developed either from beads or glass.

Vikingetidens og middelalderens keramik i Århus

Vikingetidens og middelalderens keramik i Århus

Changing patterns of pottery trade to the Trobriand Islands

Recently the traditional centres of pottery manufacture in the north–western Massim of southeast Papua were investigated and their contemporary ceramic styles and the techniques of manufacture were described. Such centres exist on north–west Goodenough Island, on four islands of the Amphlett Group, and in Miadeba on Normanby Island. It was found that not only had today's pottery trading routes changed considerably from those which had existed near the beginning of this century, but that stylistic changes in this pottery had also occurred. By making surface collections the stylistic development of this pottery was traced through a succession of former settlement sites belonging to the ancestors of the contemporary potters. With this knowledge of contemporary and historic pottery styles from these centres of manufacture, archaeologically recovered sherd material collected on the Trobriand Islands, a place where pottery had always been imported, could be interpreted. This study revealed the changing patterns of pottery trade to the Trobriand Islands and forms the basis of discussion in this article.

Stability and innovation in pottery manufacture

Abstract The ethnographic evidence of long‐distance transport and the effects of market demand are examined. The efficiency of various methods of production; the stimulus provided by the individual potter; the cultural significance of some methods of pottery manufacture; and the results of non‐economic sanctions are all shown to cause or inhibit innovation in ceramic technology. The use of the potter's wheel, and similar devices, and the reasons for its adoption or rejection are discussed.

The impact of the natural sciences on archaeology

Summary This article reviews some of the applications of physics to the solution of archaeological problems. The use of magnetic, resistivity and electromagnetic surveying techniques for the location of buried features is described. Various methods of age determination are outlined while the problems associated with radiocarbon dating of organic material and thermoluminescent dating of pottery are discussed in detail. The techniques, including petrological examination, chemical analysis and isotopic analysis, employed in the physical examination of archaeological artefacts are described. Examples of the application of these techniques in establishing the source of the raw materials used in pottery, metal and stone implements and in elucidating the techniques of manufacture of pottery and metal objects are also given.

The Place of the Pottery and Porcelain Industry in East Asian History

The Place of the Pottery and Porcelain Industry in East Asian History Sung Jae Koh I. Introduction In the East Asian countries of China, Korea, and Japan, the people have been well acquainted with the use and the art of manufacture of pottery and porcelain from time immemorial. Among the crafts of these Asian countries, pottery and porcelain occupy the foremost rank as important relics of past history and civilization. Since its origin, the pottery and porcelain industry in Asia has passed through several stages of evolution. In each case the develoment of the new stage phased out the old. Although the perfection of ceramic art was achieved by the Chinese potters in the early seventh century, the fundamental aspects of the Chinese pottery and porcelain industry have remained almost static. Korea also had a prominent place in the development of ceramic art in the Far East. However, since the seventeenth century, it too has been characterized by a continuing stagnation. Only in Japan has the manufacture of pottery and porcelain been helped by the employment of Western machinery since the opening of her doors to Western nations. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comparative study on the socioeconomic factors influencing the degree of differences in the development attained by the above three countries' pottery and porcelain industry. Analysis of the problem calls for a closer consideration of the following three points: first, what are the historical backgrounds which fossilized the pottery and porcelain industry in China and Korea into stagnation or near-stagnation in the period before the impact of Western technique; second, what are the social environments that have influenced the pace and direction of the Japanese pottery and porcelain industry which differ from those of the Chinese and Korean cases; third, what are the distinguishing characteristics of the Japanese pottery and procelain industry which heightened the tendency towards small scale enterprise in its industrial struc- 144\Koh ture. In addition, we shall supplement our analysis by looking into the nature and elasticity of the contemporary political, social and economic institutions which have determined the place of the pottery and porcelain industry in each of the three countries' industrialization process. II. Historical Background of the Pottery Industry in Asia Though the history of ceramic art in China really begins from the Han dynasty (B.C. 202 to A.D. 220), the Chinese pottery known in Europe dates no further back than to the days of the Ming dynasty (1368 to 1644). The Chinese under the early Ming emperors were great builders and the face of China as it is seen today is, to a large extent, their creation . In pottery the early Ming was in some ways comparable to the contemporary Renaissance in Europe with its energy, its love of color and movement, and its care for the works of classical antiquity.1 The founder of the Ming dynasty established his capital at Nanking. The pottery manufacturing center of Ching-teh chen is not a great distance from Nanking, with which it was in communication by water, and it was natural that the court of Nanking should look to it for supplies. Ching-teh chen is situated in the district of Fou-liang, and stands on the left bank of the Ch'ang River which carries its goods to Poyang Lake, and thence to the Yangtze. The surrounding district is well supplied with the materials required for porcelain manufacture, chief of which are china-clay (kaolin) and china-stone. It is evident that the wares supplied were regarded with favor, for the rise of Ching-teh chen dates from this time and it rapidly became the center of China's pottery and porcelain industry. Even after the court of the Ming dynasty was moved to Peking in 1421, the manufacture appears to have been more and more restricted to Ching-teh chen. According to Kiangsi tung chih, or the Annals of Kiangsi province, in the second year of Hung-wu (1369), the Yu chi ch'ang, or "Imperial Porcelain Manufactory" was established at Ching-teh chen by the order of Emperor T'ai-tsu (1368-1398) with twenty imperial porcelain kilns. It is reported that...

The Palmette Tree: A Study of the Iconography of Egyptian Lustre Painted Pottery

The history of the manufacture of lustre painted pottery in Egypt from early in the Islamic period until the coming of the Ayyubids in 1169 a.d. has been a widely debated subject since the early twentieth century. This dispute has centered, for the most part, around the question of the origin of such ware, some scholars believing that it originated in Egypt, others, that it originated in Iraq, and still others, in Persia. Because of the lack of conclusive evidence which would prove or disprove any of these theories, the question must still remain unanswered, and for this reason I will not attempt to add a theory to the growing number. The iconographic study which follows does not depend on the solution of this problem. Although this pottery has often been the subject of research and much of it has been excavated during the last sixty years, only two precisely datable Egyptian lustre painted ceramic objects, both of which are fragmentary plates, have come to light. One, in the Benaki Museum, Athens, can be placed, by means of its inscription, in the reign of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim, who ruled from 996-1021 a.d., but a more exact dating is not possible.1 The other, in the Museum of Islamic Art, Cairo (PL I Fig. 1) decorated in brownish-yellow lustre, contains an inscription which has been translated and analyzed by Hassan al-Bashah Hassan Mahmud. It reads: 'Tower and thriving to the master of the masters, the Ghaban, the servant of the Commander of the Faithful al-Hakim bi \Amrillah, may Allah's blessings rest upon him and upon his pure ancestors. From this inscription, it is clear that this object was made during the reign of alHakim. A still more precise date of manufacture can be established as Ghaban has been identified, and the years during which he bore the title of Commander-in-chief are known. Ghaban's

A further study of china biscuit placers in Stoke-On-Trent.

Powdered alumina has been used in the china industry of Stoke-on-Trent for first or `biscuit9 placing for about 30 years. An investigation of 169 placers and oven oddmen, more than half of whom had been working with alumina for more than 15 years, revealed no cases of radiologically manifest pneumoconiosis which could be related to the inhalation of alumina. The results of the indirect maximum breathing capacity measured in 166 men were perhaps less convincing than the radiological evidence due to the different age structures of the groups examined. However, there was no evidence that the inhalation of alumina used in pottery manufacture causes pulmonary dysfunction.

A New View of Philippines Pottery Manufacture

Previous articleNext article No AccessA New View of Philippines Pottery ManufactureDaniel J. ScheansDaniel J. Scheans Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 22, Number 2Summer, 1966 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.22.2.3629194 Views: 9Total views on this site Journal History This article was published in the Southwestern Journal of Anthropology (1945-1972), which is continued by the Journal of Anthropological Research (1973-present). Copyright 1966 Department of Anthropology, The University of New MexicoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Pottery Manufacture in South Asia

Pottery Manufacture in South Asia

Notes and news

Industrial Training: Mr Marsh's progress report By the end of this year the Government hope to have set up Training Boards for the electricity, water, gas industries, the group of industries covering quarrying and the manufacture of cement, bricks, pottery and glass, woodworking and furniture, part of the textile industry, motor vehicle repair, passenger transport and road haulage. So stated Mr Richard Marsh, Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Labour, speaking at the recent sixth Managing Directors Conference at Eastbourne.

窯業のじん肺およびじん肺結核

Most of pottery manufacture is done on a small scale. And men are working in dusty environment of which the concentration of quartz reaches 20∼50%, resulting in high morbidity of silicosis. Except fire-proof pottery making, potter's silicosis is, in general, caused by long exposure to low concentrations of silica dusts. It shows mainly granular shadows of the size less than 1.5mm in diameter without complication of tuberculosis. We observed 238 cases of in-patients of simple silicosis as well as of silico-tuberculosis with treatment extending for several years. In cases of simple silicosis, as for subjective symptoms and cardio-pulmonary functions, we found 14% improved, 63% unchanged, and 23% becoming worse. As silicotic granular shadows developed, proportion of worse cases increased. As for treatments, aerosol inhalation with IPPB, and administration of steroid hormones and cardio-tonics were tried. The aerosol inhalation with IPPB seemed to be especially effective in cases of silicosis which were liable to be complicated with bronchial asthma or emphysema. Against silico-tuberculosis, antituberculotic chemicals were used in necessary and sufficient doses case by case. Discharge of tubercular bacilli was found to become more negative and X-ray findings improved. Surgical operations brought about the following results: improved 59%, unchanged 30%, and becoming worse 11%. However, indication of the surgical operations must be decided very carefully.

Pottery and the Malayo-Polynesians

Data on pottery from prehistoric times and the historic present are compared for the information they may give on the movements and origins of the Malayo-Polynesian speakers. Three pottery traditions have been recognized from prehistoric Southeast Asia and Indonesia, the probable source area of the Malayo-Polynesian speakers. Two of these, the Sa-huynh-kalanay and the "Bau-Malay" Traditions have been found widely scattered over the area with the Sa-huynh-Kalanay earlier in all areas except Palawan in the Philippines where the two may have been contemporary. All three traditions-the third is the Novaliches Pottery Tradition found so far only in a restricted area in the Philippines and at one site in South China-appear to have evolved out of varieties of Lungshan culture in South China, ultimately going back to North China. Pottery manufacture as found today and in the recent past in subdivided into distinct elements and compared statistically over Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Melanesia and Micronesia. Analysis of six complexes of elements associated with six varieties of pottery manufacture points towards two general routes of movement of pottery manufacture in Southeast Asia and western Oceania. Combining the inferences made from prehistoric and historic data on pottery a general hypothesis of the movements of the Malayo-Polynesian speakers in Southeast Asia and western Oceania is presented.