Pollution Potential Risk Research Articles

Indium recovery from In-Sn-Cu-Al mixed system of waste liquid crystal display panels via acid leaching and two-step electrodeposition

Since indium (In) was the most valuable resource in waste liquid crystal panels (LCDs), most researches only focused on preliminary recovery of In, while those coexisting metal elements (Cu, Sn, Al) raised little concern. This could lead to waste of resources, potential risk of heavy metal pollution, and also complexation of following In purification procedures. Besides, current hydrometallurgy processes for In purification are complicated, consume more reagents and generate more wastewater. Therefore, this research applied simple acid leaching and two-step electrodeposition for In-Sn and In-Cu-Al separation with minimum waste generation and input. Considering the special doping structure of indium-tin oxide (ITO), feasibility for concurrent In leaching and Sn precipitation was explored based on the unique Sn species’ dissolution and precipitation behavior during acid leaching. Since the behavior of Sn was more sensitive to acidity and temperature, 97.07% of Sn removal and 99.25% of In recovery could be achieved using 1 mol/L H2SO4 at 70 ℃ for 1 h. A specific kinetic model depicting In leaching in thin ITO film situation was developed referring to avrami equation. Then, the application of two-step electrodeposition enabled 95.32% extraction of Cu and deposition of In with a purity over 99 wt% at respective potential.

Distribution and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Aquatic Macrophytes: A Case Study of the Junction of Four Rivers in Linyi City, China.

The Yi River, the second longest river in Shandong Province, China, flows through Linyi City and is fed by three tributary rivers, Beng River, Liuqing River, and Su River in the northeastern part of the city. In this study, we determined the concentrations of five heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) in water, sediment, and aquatic macrophyte samples collected from the junction of the four rivers and evaluated the potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution. Most of the heavy metals in water were in low concentrations with the water quality index (WQI) below 1, suggesting low metal pollution. The sediments showed low heavy metal concentrations, suggesting a low ecological risk based on the potential ecological risk index (RI) and the geo-accumulation index (Igeo). The aquatic plant species Potamogeton crispus accumulated considerable amounts of heavy metals, which were closely related to the metal concentrations of the sediment. The plant species Salvinia natans also showed an excellent metal accumulation capability. Based on our results, the junction of the four rivers is only slightly polluted in terms of heavy metals, and the plant species P. crispus is a suitable bioindicator for sediment heavy metal pollution.

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENTS OF HEAVY METALS OF PERNA VIRIDIS FROM BANYUURIP WATERS IN UJUNG PANGKAH, GRESIK

Banyuurip is one of villages in Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik with high aquaculture activities of Perna viridis . Green mussels are highly produced in that area, however Banyuurip waters also has potential risk of heavy metals pollution. Therefore, this research was conducted to understand the concentrations of Fe and Zn in the sediments and in the Green Mussels. The heavy metals concentration will be used to analyze Bio Concentration Factor (BCF) and Human Health Risk Assessments (HHRA). A total about 45 P. viridis populations were collected from 3 sites in Banyuurip waters. In order to obtain a representative sample at each site, 15 populations of Green Mussels with similar shell lengths and bottom sediment were collected. Mussel’s tissue and bottom sediment were analyzed using AAS (AAnalyst700) to determine the concentrations of Fe and Zn. The concentrations of Fe were found almost similar with the concentrations of Zn in P. viridis within the range of Fe = 3.10 – 5.25 mg.kg -1 and Zn = 3.91 - 4.67 mg.kg -1 . BCF ( o-s ) of Fe in P. viridis is lower than the BCF ( o-s ) of Zn, because the concentrations of Fe in the mussels were less than the concentrations in the sediments. According to the Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) values (THQ PTDI).

Investigating the effect of biochar on the potential of increasing cotton yield, potassium efficiency and soil environment

Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. However, in China, available K is relatively low in the soil, and with the extensive use of chemical fertilizer, K use efficiency is constantly reducing, and consequently increasing the potential risk of environmental pollution and economic loss. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the negative impact of over-fertilization on the environment to obtain optimal crop yield. Biochar as a soil amendment has been applied to improve soil fertility and increase crop yield. However, the effects of successive biochar application on cotton yield, agronomy efficiencies and potash fertilizer reduction are not well documented. Our results of a pot experiment showed that the application of 1% biochar to soil under different K levels significantly improved dry mass accumulation and K content of different plant parts, and increased the number of buds, bolls and effective branches of cotton. Particularly, plants treated with 150 mg/kg K2O and 1% biochar had the highest growth parameters. The most important characteristics including the harvest index, K fertilizer contribution index, partial factor productivity, agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency of K under C1 (1% biochar) were generally greater than those under C0 (without biochar). The 75 mg/kg K2O application was optimal to produce the highest yield with 1% biochar, demonstrating that biochar can increase cotton yield and therefore, reduces chemical K fertilizer application and alleviates agricultural environment risks of chemical fertilizer.

The fate of nutrients and heavy metals in energy crop plantations amended with organic by-products

Abstract Organic by-products (OB) can provide nutrition to energy crops but there is a potential risk of pollution to soil, groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW). A mass-balance inventory for two energy crops spread with biosolids (BS) and distillery effluent (DE) was created in order to study the fate of nutrients. Biosolids and distillery effluent (DE) were spread on both Miscanthus x giganteus and short rotation coppice willow (SRCW). Applications were conducted at rates of 100%, 50% and 0% (control) of permissible P loads. Losses of nutrients (N,P) and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Zn) to groundwater and overland flow (OLF), and crop uptake were determined. Total inputs (from soil, OB amendment and atmospheric deposition ) and losses were calculated and compared. The greatest input was from the soil, the smallest input was atmospheric deposition. The largest output was crop off-take; the smallest was loss to OLF. Elemental uptake by Miscanthus was lower than that of willow but losses to groundwater and overland flow was similar for both crops. This study has shown that organic byproducts can be used to enhance the nutrition of energy crops without deleterious environmental consequences.

Linking hydrophobicity of biochar to the water repellency and water holding capacity of biochar-amended soil

Biochar addition to soil may change the hydrophobicity of amended soil and influence soil hydraulic properties. Soil hydrophobicity, i.e. soil water repellency (SWR) can interrupt water infiltration and form preferential flow leading to a potential risk of soil erosion or groundwater pollution. Up to date, the effect of different biochars on soil hydrophobicity remains unclear and the association of SWR with soil hydraulic properties is still unknown. To link the biochar hydrophobicity to SWR and soil water holding capacity (WHC), the surface structure and chemical composition of 27 biochars with different feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures were characterized, and the SWR and soil WHC of biochar-added soil were investigated. Carboxylic groups on the biochar surface, surface area and pore volume were mostly influenced by pyrolysis temperature, which suggested the dominant factor determining the severity of biochar hydrophobicity was pyrolysis temperature. Hydrophilic soil became hydrophobic after biochar amendment. A higher addition rate led to a stronger SWR of hydrophilic soil. Biochar addition increased soil WHC of hydrophilic soil with low total organic carbon (TOC) content. Biochar did not have significant influence on SWR and soil WHC of hydrophobic soil with high TOC content. It implied that the influence of biochar on SWR and soil hydraulic properties mainly depended on soil original hydrophobicity and TOC content. Therefore, the properties of biochar and influence on soil hydrophobicity and hydraulic properties should be considered before processing biochar application.

Surface morphology and structure of reactive materials used in the removal of pollutants generated during the process of coal conversion in the rock mass

The technology of permeable reactive barriers in recent years is one of the most frequently developed methods of protecting the soil and water environment against pollution. This technique is the remediation of groundwater where contaminants are removed from an aquifer by the flow through a reactive barrier filled with a reactive material. The novelty of the presented concept is the application of a barrier, limiting the potential risk of liquid and gas pollution in the case of uncontrolled and unpredictable operation, in the emergency situations related to gas leaks to the environment, underground fires and water pollution with substances of high toxicity, during the underground hard coal conversion. The use of the permeable reactive barrier also aimed at limiting the leaching of pollutants away from the georeactor zone, after mining of the deposit. The carried-out tests aimed at determining the possibility of using reactive materials to remove gaseous pollutants from the georeactor surroundings. The research involved the assessment of changes in the structure and morphology of the surface during thermal conversion of active carbon and zeolite samples. The presented results of the study show that the appropriate selection of reactive materials in the process of underground coal gasification will allow the reduction of the risk of the spread of gaseous and liquid pollutants in the rock mass.

Effects of four food dyes on development of three model species, Cucumis sativus, Artemia salina and Danio rerio: Assessment of potential risk for the environment

Food dyes, or color additives, are chemicals added to industrial food products and in domestic cooking to improve the perceived flavor and attractiveness. Of natural and synthetic origin, their safety has been long discussed, and concern for human safety is now clearly manifested by warnings added on products labels. Limited attention, however, has been dedicated to the effects of these compounds on aquatic flora and fauna. For this reason, the toxicity of four different commercially available food dyes (cochineal red E120, Ponceau red E124, tartrazine yellow E102 and blue Patent E131) was assessed on three different model organisms, namely Cucumis sativus, Artemia salina and Danio rerio that occupy diverse positions in the trophic pyramid. The evidence collected indicates that food dyes may target several organs and functions, depending on the species. C. sativus rate of germination was increased by E102, while root/shoot ratio was ∼20% reduced by E102, E120 and E124, seed total chlorophylls and carotenoids were 15–20% increased by E120 and 131, and total antioxidant activity was ∼25% reduced by all dyes. Mortality and low mobility of A. salina nauplii were increased by up to 50% in presence of E124, E102 and E131, while the nauplii phototactic response was significantly altered by E102, E120 and E124. Two to four-fold increases in the hatching percentages at 48 h were induced by E124, E102 and E131 on D. rerio, associated with the occurrence of 20% of embryos showing developmental defects. These results demonstrated that the food dyes examined are far from being safe for the aquatic organisms as well as land organisms exposed during watering with contaminated water. The overall information obtained gives a realistic snapshot of the potential pollution risk exerted by food dyes and of the different organism' ability to overcome the stress induced by contamination.

Interactions between N, P and K fertilizers affect the environment and the yield and quality of satsumas

The balance between crop yield, quality and soil nutrient status can be manipulated by exploiting nutrient interactions. Field experiments were conducted in citrus orchards in Danjiangkou, Hubei Province to assess the effects of N (0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 kg plant−1), P (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 kg plant−1), K (0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 kg plant−1) and their interactions on residual nutrient content in soils, and the yield and quality of satsumas. The results showed that the effects of N and K fertilizers on the yield and quality of satsumas were greater than those of P fertilizers. Appropriate application rates of N (0.6 kg plant−1), P (0.3 kg plant−1) and K (0.15 kg plant−1) significantly improved yield and quality. Lack or excess or inappropriate ratios of N, P and K fertilizer can affect the absorption and utilization of nutrients and reduce yield and quality. The best fertilizer combination, determined by comprehensively considering yield, quality and environment, was N0.3P0.2K0.3, which delivered moderate yield, high fruit quality and low potential risk of pollution. The amount of fertilizer in this case was 0.3 kg N, 0.2 kg P, 0.3 kg K per plant, which is lower than the current recommended application rates (0.5–0.8 kg N, 0.2–0.5 kg P, 0.25–0.64 kg K, respectively). The economic benefit did not decrease because of a decline of yield, but increased slightly because of the improved fruit quality and the reduction in fertilizer input, compared with the treatment with the highest yield. Therefore, we suggest that it is necessary to consider the quality of agricultural products and environmental protection when applying fertilizer and to reduce N and P fertilizer input and appropriately increase the proportion of K.

Potential ecological risk of metal pollution in lead smelter-contaminated agricultural soils in Khulna, Bangladesh.

Lead smelters are important source of metal pollution. This study assessed ecological risks of three heavy metals (Pb, As, and Zn) in agricultural soils surrounding five Pb smelters from Khulna district in Bangladesh. A total of 81 surface soil samples collected within 500-m radius of the smelters were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Concentrations of Pb, As, and Zn ranged within 6-3902, 1.8-9.6, and 45.4-563mg/kg, respectively. About half of the Pb samples (~ 51%) exceeded soil quality standard target value (85mg/kg), and the concentrations gradually decreased with horizontal distance from the smelter. The value of pollution index (PI) measured for Pb, As, and Zn varied respectively in the range of 0-195, 0.6-3.2, and 0.67-8.28, with mean values of 11.7, 1.9, and 3.92. The value of integrated pollution index (IPI) calculated for these metals remained between 0.58 and 66.2 with a mean of 5.7, and that designates ~ 96% of the sampled soils as moderately or highly contaminated. Potential ecological risk (PER) calculated for the metals indicate that all the samples were within low to moderate risk, and the descending order of PER of the metals was Pb > As > Zn.

Utilization of marine dredged soil in controlled low-strength material used as a thermal grout in geothermal systems

Abstract To date, controlled low-strength material (CLSM) has been used widely as fill material in flowable fills, structural fills, and void fills. However, owing to its good flowability and low shrinkage, CLSM can be considered a heat transfer medium as long as it has sufficiently high thermal conductivity. In this study, a newly developed CLSM, a blend of natural sand, marine dredged soil (MDS), and binders, was investigated and evaluated for the feasibility of it being used in geothermal systems. In addition to its general properties (flowability, fresh density, and unconfined compressive strength), thermal conductivity (i.e., heat transfer capacity), bleeding rate (i.e., involving volume compensation for boreholes), and environmental impacts (i.e., involving the potential risk of water pollution) were broadly investigated in this study. A bleeding-rate-based volume compensation concept is described for an actual large-scale geothermal system to evaluate total cost. All of the prepared CLSM mixtures performed well in terms of general and environmental characteristics. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of the developed CLSM-based grout was much higher than that of conventional grouts (i.e., bentonite and silicate sand). More importantly, an outstandingly positive effect of MDS was discovered: a sufficient addition of MDS to CLSM-based grout can lead to a considerable decrease in bleeding rate; hence, to only a small volume compensation of required boreholes. Ultimately, the total cost for geothermal construction can be reduced.

The drivers of bacterial community underlying biogeographical pattern in Mollisol area of China

In order to better understand the composition and driving factors of the bacterial community in Mollisols, we selected 9 representative facility agricultural lands in Mollisol area of China for sampling, and described it on a larger spatial scale. Soil bacterial community structure in these 9 regions (determined by high-throughput sequencing analysis) showed significant differences at the genus level. The correlation between bacterial community composition and soil properties, contaminants and geographical latitude showed that the diversity of bacterial community was still strongly correlated with pH and SOM under the influence of phthalates (P < 0.05). Principal component Analysis (PCA) showed that soil properties (i.e. pH, organic matter, stacking density, the content of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus) and PAEs level rather than geographic latitude were main drivers of differences in bacterial community structure. These factors account for 73.04% of the total variation of the bacterial community. Among them, PAEs act as a typical pollutant is the main factor driving the composition of bacterial community in facility agriculture Mollisols. This shows that PAEs is a potential pollution risk factor, which has important guiding significance for the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture in Mollisol area.

Recovery of gallium from waste light emitting diodes by oxalic acidic leaching

Recovery of gallium from light emitting diodes (LEDs) is receiving great attention due to both high content of gallium and potential risk of environmental pollution. In this study, a novel environment-friendly route was proposed for efficient recovery of gallium from surface mounted device (SMD) of LEDs by using organic acid. Reduction of non-metallic components, selection of lixiviants, optimization of leaching parameters, and possible mechanism of gallium were investigated. Results showed that pyrolysis could reduce non-metallic components effectively, and 22% weight loss was achieved at 733 K. Selection of lixiviant experiments indicated that 83.42% gallium could be extracted from SMD LEDs by oxalic acid, which was much higher than that of 79.89% by hydrochloric acid, 70.62% by citric acid, and 71.69% by DL-malic acid. Further investigation revealed that 90 °C of leaching temperature, 10 g L−1 of pulp density, 0.7 M of oxalic acid and 48–75 μm of particle size were the optimum conditions for effective gallium leaching by oxalic acid. After optimization, the gallium recovery efficiency reached as high as 90.36% in 60 min. Such efficient gallium leaching came from the higher dissociation constant of oxalic acid and the formation of ferrous oxalate which would promote the generation and maintenance of H+. Hence, oxalic acid could be a promising lixiviant for efficient recovery of gallium from SMD LEDs.

Rural solid waste-characteristics and leachate pollution assessment for different precipitation levels, China.

Open dumping adversely affects the environment and remains the most widely used method for waste disposal in many developing rural areas in China. Information regarding the impact of rural solid waste (RSW) on the environment remains limited. The objectives of this study are to investigate the characteristics of RSW and the impact of different precipitation rates, and to evaluate the contamination potential of RSW using a leachate pollution index (LPI). The study showed that leachate concentration was significantly influenced by precipitation rates at the initial precipitation stages. Precipitation rates of 42.00mm/day appeared to have the largest dilution effects. In contrast, the concentrations of leachate at rainfall rates of 24.00mm/day and soaking were steady, and no similar trends were observed. The highest amounts of pollutants in leachate were the result of soaking. In the first week of our experiment, the LPI value for each rural area waste sample rapidly increased with rising precipitation rates from soaking to 42.00mm/day. However, no significant change in LPI was observed thereafter (after 5weeks) even with increasing precipitation rates. The values of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and NH3-N in the leachate after 10weeks were 4.00, 7.34, 1.87, and 2.21 times higher, respectively, than those of the prescribed leachate quality standards in China. The results of our study suggest the following course of action for the three dump sites investigated: in Banqiao, given the size of the population and the size of the waste amount, landfill might be a suitable way for disposing of RSW. In Machen, building a standardized waste collection site would be an economical solution for reducing potential pollution risks. In Jiuduhe, increasing the transportation rate of solid waste might be an effective solution. The results of this study can help to improve the understanding of leachate pollution in Chinese rural areas.

Heavy metal contamination assessment of surface sediments of the Subei Shoal, China: Spatial distribution, source apportionment and ecological risk

This study investigated heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cr, Cu, As, Pb, Cd and Hg) concentrations in surface sediment of Subei Shoal, China, to illustrate their spatial distribution characteristics, sources and potential ecological risk of pollution. Contents of total organic carbon (TOC), clay, silt and sand were 1.7 ± 0.8%, 3.3 ± 3.2%, 13.6 ± 14.2% and 83.1 ± 17.4%, respectively. The spatial distribution of TOC, clay and silt were similar; however, distribution of Hg was inverse. Concentrations of Ni, Zn, Cr, Cu, As, Pb, Cd and Hg were 47.88 ± 8.93, 38.18 ± 8.86, 19.22 ± 5.14, 11.32 ± 5.07, 6.97 ± 2.45, 0.13 ± 0.72, 0.56 ± 0.77 and 0.06 ± 0.02 mg kg−1 sediment, respectively. Principal component analysis suggested that Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni were mainly derived from natural sources, whereas Pb, Cd, As and Hg from industrial and agricultural sources. Results of geo-accumulation index, potential ecological risk index (RI), pollution load index (PLI), toxic risk index (TRI) and contamination severity index (CSI) demonstrated that pollution levels of Cd and Hg were moderate, which should attract more attention as main pollution factors. The pollution was mainly distributed in the central and northern parts, and the southern part had a good ecological environment. Moreover, the contaminated stations accounted respective for 33.4%, 25.9%, 33.3% and 70.4% of RI, PLI, TRI and CSI, of which 70.4% of the contamination severity index stations contained 66.7% of much lower severity stations. These findings could contribute to more effective exploitation of tidal flat resources, and the prevention and treatment of tidal marsh environment.

From Environmental Ethics to Sustainable Decision-Making: Assessment of Potential Ecological Risk in Soils Around Abandoned Mining Areas-Case Study “Larga de Sus mine” (Romania)

The present study aimed at investigating the heavy metals concentrations in the soils around “Larga de Sus” abandoned mine (Zlatna, Romania), evaluating the potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution and highlighting ethical aspects related to risk assessment, ecological restoration, and soil remediation. The results of the chemical analysis showed that the soil in the study area is highly polluted with heavy metals since the average concentrations of Pb (32.4–2318.1 mg/kg), and Ni (321.6–562.8 mg/kg) in soil exceed their corresponding threshold established by the Romanian legislation. The potential ecological risk index method developed by Hakanson was used to assess the potential risk of heavy-metal pollution. The results indicated that Pb and Ni showed severe and considerable potential ecological risk, while Cr had lightly ecological risk. In this case, remediation should be focused only on Pb or on all heavy metals even if they have lightly ecological risk? A scientific management technique cannot logically prescribe which choices should be selected. The interaction between human activity and the environment is complicated and difficult to quantify and risk management cannot and should not be based simply on risk assessment results. What is needed to make the right choice of the most appropriate alternative that fits our personality, culture, religion, and desires? The moral and ethical implications of ecological restoration and soil remediation (e.g. tolerance of uncertainty, responsibility, moral duty, etc.) have to be incorporated within the decision-making process in order to make optimum sustainable decisions and to achieve real environmental protection.

Comparative Analysis of Characterization Methods of Potential Environmental Pollution Risk from Livestock and Poultry Breeding

Comparative Analysis of Characterization Methods of Potential Environmental Pollution Risk from Livestock and Poultry Breeding

Potential ecological risk assessment and prediction of heavy-metal pollution of soil surrounding the drilling waste deposition site

Owing to their toxicity, heavy metals constitute a serious threat to the environment. In the pages that follow, we will report the results of evaluation of the potential ecological risk and trend of soil heavy metal pollution surrounding the drilling waste deposition site in western Poland. The concentrations of heavy metals: Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The procedure used for potential ecological risk assessment was as proposed by Hakanson (1980). The calculated potential ecological risk factors come in the following order EiR(Cd)&gt;EiR(Pb)&gt;EiR(Cu)&gt;EiR(Cr), which shows that Cd is the most important factor leading to risk. The uniform model was employed to determine the time in which Cd concentration will exceed the permissible concentration level, as regulated by Polish Law. The Pearson correlation coefficient was employed along with the correspondence analysis in order to determine the relationships between heavy metal concentrations.

Spatio-Temporal Change and Pollution Risk of Agricultural Soil Cadmium in a Rapidly Industrializing Area in the Yangtze Delta Region of China.

The impacts of rapid industrialization on agricultural soil cadmium (Cd) accumulation and their potential risks have drawn major attention from the scientific community and decision-makers, due to the high toxicity of Cd to animals and humans. A total of 812 topsoil samples (0–20 cm) was collected from the southern parts of Jiangsu Province, China, in 2000 and 2015, respectively. Geostatistical ordinary kriging and conditional sequential Gaussian simulation were used to quantify the changes in spatial distributions and the potential risk of Cd pollution between the two sampling dates. Results showed that across the study area, the mean Cd concentrations increased from 0.110 mg/kg in 2000 to 0.196 mg/kg in 2015, representing an annual average increase of 5.73 μg/kg. Given a confidence level of 95%, areas with significantly-increased Cd covered approximately 12% of the study area. Areas with a potential risk of Cd pollution in 2000 only covered 0.009% of the study area, while this figure increased to 0.75% in 2015. In addition, the locally concentrating trend of soil Cd pollution risk was evident after 15 years. Although multiple factors contributed to this elevated Cd pollution risk, the primary reason can be attributed to the enhanced atmospheric deposition and industrial waste discharge resulting from rapid industrialization, and the quick increase of traffic and transportation associated with rapid urbanization.

Evaluating the potential health risks of heavy metal pollution in sediment and selected benthic fauna of Benin River, Southern Nigeria

The potential ecological and human health risk of heavy metal pollution in sediment and Benthic Fauna (Chrysichthys auratus and Tympanotonus fuscatus) of Benin River, Southern Nigeria, was evaluated. Three sampling sites associated with heavy anthropogenic activities along the course of the river were sampled. Heavy metals concentrations were determined in the samples using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Model 210 VGP, Buck Scientific). In all sediment samples, only Pb exceeded the threshold/probable effect level (TEL). Very high contamination degrees (CD > 24) 181.74, 50.11, and 101.96) for stations 1, 2, and 3, respectively, were observed indicating serious anthropogenic pollution. Geoaccumulation index (igeo) showed slight pollution with Pb and Cd and severely to extremely polluted with Fe across the stations. Cd exhibited moderate individual potential risk (E_{text{r}}^{i}), and the other heavy metals showed low E_{text{r}}^{i}. Potential ecological risk index (RI) showed low risk of contamination for heavy metals in sediment. Human health risk assessment for Co, Cd, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Ni in C. auratus and Co, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Ni in T. fuscatus indicated no obvious health risk from these heavy metals over a lifetime of exposure. However, hazard quotient (HQ) values for Pb in C. auratus and Cd, Cu, and Pb in T. fuscatus indicated significant health risk. The hazard index (HI) values for both C. auratus and T. fuscatus were > 1 indicating significant adverse health risk of non-carcinogenic effect. Therefore, the consumption of these contaminated fish and shellfish by the people of Koko portends risks of the health of the public. The industries operating in this community should adopt more sustainable and eco-innovative management options in order to attenuate potential ecological and human health risk of metal pollution.