Potential Of Rural Areas Research Articles

Methods of constructing integral indicators for assessing entrepreneurial potential of the rural population

Purpose - methods of analyzing quantitative and qualitative indicators of the research results on entrepreneurial potential in rural areas, formation of methodological tools for integral assessment of the state of business activity in the regions of Kazakhstan are considered. Methods - statistical, ranking, rating system - reveal the main factors affecting the business initiative of entrepreneurs, contribute to the determination of indices of entrepreneurial activity, which makes it possible to achieve specific objective decisions. Results - it is shown that these regulatory materials comprehensively assess the state of small and medium-sized agribusiness in the republic and can be used in the development and adjustment of government programs, national projects, and further scientific research, taking into account trends in innovation and environmental friendliness of agro-industrial production. Conclusions - development of entrepreneurship in agricultural sector determines economic and social situation, creates favorable conditions for production of competitive agricultural products and food. Small and medium-sized businesses are able to raise the status of social sustainability of the village and support diversification. Effective measures are needed to effectively manage business risks. The necessity of forming optimal parameters when monitoring business processes at enterprises is substantiated as a basis for solving such problem as identifying their potential resource capabilities and using them in the future. The purpose of this approach is to timely identify “critical points” and apply modern methods to improve the efficiency of small agricultural businesses. The proposed methodology is especially important in the field of strategic planning and forecasting, for the implementation of results-oriented management procedures, program-target budgeting when implementing large innovative projects in the regions.

Econometric analysis of the development of labor potential of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan

The goal is to reveal the basis for the formation of labor potential in agriculture, its condition and role in socio-economic development of rural areas. Consider theoretical foundations of economic and mathematical modeling of dynamics of the formation of human resources in agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. Methods - application of methodology for carrying out forecast calculations based on econometric model in the form of a system of joint equations, tracing the connection of labor market with changes in demographic structure of the country's rural population. The study used statistical data series provided by the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. An overview of government support measures aimed at increasing labor reserves in rural areas is presented. As a result of scientific research, calculation forecast models were obtained, on the basis of which the values of main statistical indicators characterizing the dynamics of labor activity in rural areas of the republic for the long-term period were determined. Results - ways to overcome negative trends that slow down labor activity and form effective labor potential in rural areas are proposed: ensuring real growth in rural employment in all areas of activity; creation of additional high-performance jobs; improvement of social infrastructure. Conclusions - based on forecast calculations of indicators reflecting the directions of development of human capital in agricultural sector, opportunities for increasing GDP of products (services) of agriculture, forestry and fisheries have been identified. Studying the problems of rural labor economics makes it possible to note imbalances in the supply and demand of qualified specialists. In this regard, there is a need for active labor policy, stimulation of job search, training in professional skills, acquisition of a new profession.

ЗЕМЛЕВПОРЯДНИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ У СИСТЕМІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ: РОЛЬ ТА ФУНКЦІЇ

The article delves into the land management mechanism within the general land management system to maximize the effective utilization of agricultural land, investment opportunities, and productivity potential in rural areas, and to create conditions for its social transformation into a powerful factor of economic growth. Given the state's sustainable development strategy for land use, the introduction of the land market, and the conceptual shift of community development to territorial and spatial planning, which is a crucial tool for land resource management, attention is focused on several tasks that must be accomplished to improve the land management mechanism in the general system of managing land resources in the agricultural sector. Specifically, it is necessary to guarantee the most efficient and ecologically safe use of all agricultural lands suitable for profitable production of agricultural products; create territorial conditions for the consolidation of land plots and better their use by implementing measures that ensure the preservation of lands and their involvement in agricultural production; restore disturbed and degraded lands and bring them to the conditions suitable for agricultural production, among others. In order to effectively implement certain actions, it is necessary to pass all stages of planning for the rational use and protection of agricultural land at a legislative level. This will help to formulate and set relevant requirements for land management regulations within defined territorial zones, including provisions regarding the use and possible changes of these rules. The land management mechanism plays a crucial role in the land management system by carrying out various functions. The tasks of agriculture in the implementation of the land management mechanism within the general system of land resource management in the agricultural sector are also clearly defined and formulated.

A novel approach for assessing rooftop-and-facade solar photovoltaic potential in rural areas using three-dimensional (3D) building models constructed with GIS

Characterization of solar photovoltaic (PV) potential is crucial for promoting renewable energy in rural areas, where there are a large number of roofs and facades ideal for PV module installation. However, accurately estimating solar PV potential on three-dimensional (3D) rural surfaces has been challenging due to the lack of 3D building models. To address this issue, we proposed a novel approach, which for the first time constructs rural 3D building models from publicly available satellite images and vector maps. Based on these models, it precisely evaluates the solar PV potential of rural rooftops and facades. The approach was validated against two realistic 3D village models and on-site solar radiation measurements. Using the validated approach, case studies in a village and on a large-scale island were conducted, respectively. The results showed that rural rooftops facing south and north, and facades facing south and west, have the highest PV potential ranks. North-facing rooftops with a slope of 30° represent 32.7% of the total rooftop solar PV potential, therefore, they should not be neglected in future evaluations. The proposed approach is cost-effective and valid for accurately assessing micro- and macro-scale rural solar PV potential that can facilitate rural renewable energy penetration.

ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК ЛЮДСЬКОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

The article is devoted to the study of factors that determine the formation and development of human capital in rural areas. It is noted that rural areas inhabit a third of the country's population and perform key socio-economic and demographic-reproductive functions. In addition, they preserve cultural, historical and ethnographic traditions, which are the basis of the genetic fund of the Ukrainian people. The article examines the processes of formation and use of human potential in rural areas, focusing on the factors affecting its components. Two groups of factors are identified - organizational and social. The role of infrastructure in creating favorable conditions for life and improving the quality of life in the countryside, its impact on the development of the local economy and sustainable development is studied. The importance of personal motivation and investment in self-development as a key factor in the development of human potential in rural areas is highlighted separately. Personal motivation is defined as a key stimulus for initiative, entrepreneurship development and innovation. The importance of individual motivation is highlighted in the context of creating jobs, increasing community income and improving the quality of life. People with personal motivation also actively participate in training programs and professional development, contributing to the development of human potential. The need for a new look at optimizing the process of human potential formation, as well as taking into account the influence of modern technologies and socio-cultural changes, is substantiated. The importance of expanded opportunities for optim

Deep Learning Method for Evaluating Photovoltaic Potential of Rural Land Use Types

Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) power generation uses building roofs to generate electricity by laying PV panels. Rural rooftops are less shaded and have a regular shape, which is favorable for laying PV panels. However, because of the relative lack of information on buildings in rural areas, there are fewer methods to assess the utilization potential of PV on rural buildings, and most studies focus on urban buildings. In addition, in rural areas, concentrated ground-mounted PV plants can be built on wastelands, hillsides, and farmlands. To facilitate the overall planning and synergistic layout of rural PV utilization, we propose a new workflow to identify different types of surfaces (including building roofs, wastelands, water surfaces, etc.) by applying a deep learning approach to count the PV potential of different surfaces in rural areas. This method can be used to estimate the spatial distribution of rural PV development potential from publicly available satellite images. In this paper, 10 km2 of land in Wuhan is used as an example. The results show that the total PV potential in the study area could reach 198.02 GWh/year, including 4.69 GWh/year for BIPV, 159.91 GWh/year for FSPV, and 33.43 GWh/year for LSPV. Considering the development cost of different land types, several timespans (such as short-, medium-, and long-term) of PV development plans for rural areas can be considered. The method and results provide tools and data for the assessment of PV potential in rural areas and can be used as a reference for the development of village master plans and PV development plans.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DAN PENGELOLAAN AGROWISATA TELAGA MADIREDO SEBAGAI DESTINASI WISATA ALAM PEDESAAN

The current tourism is certainly the primadonna sector, expected to become the locomotive for Indonesia's economic recovery. The Development of Tourism in the term of Agro-tourism in an area can help to increase the community and government income, if it is handled maximally. This activity aims to generate the potential in rural areas through empowerment and management activities of agriculture with tourism activities (agrotourism). Telaga Madiredo has the potential that can be developed as agro tourism destination in Malang Regency. This agrotourism development uses participatory rural appraisal (PRA) method using focus group discussion (FGD) techniques. The results of this service activity can be concluded that there is an understanding created regarding the marketing aspects of the offered tourism products, and an understanding of the duties and functions of the employees at Telaga Madiredo Agrotourism. This is proven with the diversion of marketing contents developed by Telaga Madiredo Agrotourism Managers. In addition, the community service team has succeeded in assisting the management of Telaga Madiredo Agrotourism in compiling the main tasks and functions that can be set as a reference to maximize the performance of the employees at Telaga Madiredo Agrotourism.

Importance–performance analysis of olive oil tourism activities: Differences between national and international tourists

Olive oil tourism offers enormous potential in rural areas where extra virgin olive oil is produced. This sector is characterized by the high seasonality of its economic activity (from November to February), which generates huge inequalities between rural and urban areas, leading to high rates of unemployment and depopulation due to the lack of stable work throughout the year. The set of activities that revolve around olive oil tourism help to structure the offer and generate satisfaction with the service. This could generate a constant flow of income throughout the year and complement agricultural activity, thus reducing the seasonality problems mentioned above. In this respect, the configuration of these olive oil tourism activities represents a challenge from the supply-side perspective, especially if we take into account the differences that may arise between different groups of tourists. This article seeks to analyse and structure the main olive oil tourism activities using Importance-Performance (I-P) analysis in relation to national and international tourists’ satisfaction. The aim is to select and structure the key activities in the supply of olive oil tourism, and determine which need to be improved in order to offer a better service. These key activities differ between the two study target audiences, where a higher requirement is observed on the part of international tourists, so a series of strategies are recommended to help the management of these destinations.

Resource potential for the sustainable development of agriculture in the Kyrgyz Republic

The sustainable development of agriculture is closely related to the quantity and quality of the resource potential and the conditions for reproduction. The paper analyzes the totality, quantitative set and qualitative parameters of labor, land and material and technical resources in the Kyrgyz Republic. The proportions of the reproduction of the resource potential in rural areas depend on the financial condition of an economic entity, the strategy and tactics of its development, the market conditions, and the stage of the economic cycle. There are some problems in realizing the resource potential of the sustainable development of the Kyrgyz Republic, including the lack of a developed innovation market infrastructure for agricultural producers. The uneven development of various components of the resource potential in agriculture is an inevitable factor that determines the specifics of its reproduction. Therefore, the efficiency of the resource potential should be enhanced through the formation of sufficient governmental support aimed at the innovative development of manufacturing, making of environmentally friendly agricultural products and introduction of advanced technologies that will ensure the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in the context of the need for sustainable development.

“Green” finance as a factor in improving the use of labor potential in rural areas

The article considers ?green? financing as a factor of increasing the efficiency of the labor potential of rural areas, taking into account the coverage of organic agriculture in the conditions of interesting, several global crises: food, climate, financial. The author considers the organic direction of food production and connects it with the labor potential of the village. A brief overview of Program – the concept of “green finance” in Kazakhstan is made. The level of financing of agricultural enterprises located in rural areas is analyzed, the types of financing for rural areas of entrepreneurial activity are also shown. “Green” financing can be widely used in science, public life, the political system, agriculture and other spheres of society. Orientation to the “green” economy means updating the dynamics of agricultural enterprises, combining science and rural entrepreneurs. Green economy technology in agriculture is expected to become a priority for both public and private companies.

HUDUDLARDA AGROTURISTIK SALOHIYATNI BAHOLASH USLUBIYATINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH

Tourism, as a rapidly developing and highly profitable sector of the economy, plays an important role in the development of regions, and is a source of income at the local and regional levels. Assessment of the agro-tourism potential, which forms the grounds for tourism business in regions, determines characteristics and composition of the regional agro-tourism product, shapes new tourist destinations, and priority areas of investment policy in rural areas. This article summarizes methods for assessing the agro-tourism potential in rural areas, based on the need for comprehensive assessment. The concept of «tourist potential», factors influencing its forming and evaluation parameters have also been studied. Advantages of agro-tourism from the point of view of social perception have been highlighted. The stages of assessing the tourist and recreational potential and agro-tourism attractiveness of a region have been presented. The methodology for comprehensive assessment of the development of agro-tourism in administrative districts has been studied based on a classification of indicators that reflect the level of agro-tourism potential according to the Sturges criterion, with an account of specifics and competitive traits of regions. The use of generalized methods enables unbiased assessment of the potential of agro-tourism, taking into account specific features of each region.

Analysis of flexible energy use behavior of rural residents based on two-stage questionnaire: A case study in Xi’an, China

Effective use of flexible load has practical significance in promoting energy system reform in rural areas by reducing the mismatch between energy production and consumption. However, the flexible energy consumption behavior of rural residents cannot be fully analyzed by the traditional one-stage questionnaire survey, which is mainly designed to study the fixed energy use behaviors. In this study, a two-stage questionnaire-based survey was developed to analyze the flexible energy use behavior of rural residents in suburban areas of Xi’an in China. We classified the interviewed rural residents into four groups according to their plans for adjusting energy consumption. According to the survey results, residents who chose to use both peak-valley price and photovoltaic systems (11%) were most willing to adjust various devices that use energy, while residents who chose to keep the original fixed electricity prices (33%) were the least willing to adjust their energy use habits. The results also indicate that there exists available flexible load potential in rural areas, but the effects of implementation largely depend on the rationality of technical paths and support policies.

Analysis of The Impact of Space Application Patterns in Placing the Location of Economic Activities Through the Conversion Mechanism of Raw Land Field Land Conversion

Conversion of agricultural land into built-up land is a regional economic development mechanism, where to increase Gross Domestic Product can be done by allocating the widest possible pattern of space designation "industry, trade and settlement", the implication is the conversion of agricultural land into built-up land. land (rice fields) increases and rice production facilities decrease so that food fulfillment is constrained, in other words there is a trade off in the use of paddy fields. In an effort to optimize the allocation of space for rice fields, the purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of space allocation in influencing the location of economic activities (industry and housing) in rural areas. Through the mechanism for conversion of paddy fields and the determination of the priority scale for the revision of the designation pattern of paddy fields in the regional spatial plan. This study uses spatial overlay analysis, quantitative calculations, multiple linear regression and spatial analysis of 4 criteria (space allocation, road access, population density and land prices). The research locations are distinguished in rural areas with high and low industrialization and urbanization. Input data using spatial software with overlay techniques including spatial data on administrative boundaries of the sub-district area, paddy land use in 2013 and 2018, road access (tolls, arteries and collectors) in 2018, spatial allocation based on the Regency Spatial Plan, value zone land in 2018 and population density. The results showed that the location of economic activities (industrial and housing) was relatively influenced by the space allocation factor compared to the road access factor. Revision of Spatial Plan is recommended in rural areas with high rice field conversion potential in rural areas with high industrialization and urbanization.

Theoretical fundamentals of determination of recreational and tourist potential of rural areas

The purpose of the article is to analyze the main interpretations of the concept of “recreational and tourist potential” and to determine the recreational and tourist potential of rural areas. The methodology of the survey consists of implementation of systematic approach to the researched problems and the use of various general scientific and special research methods (tabular, grouping, comparison). The scientific novelty of the obtained results stipulates modern scientific and theoretical approaches and variety of interpretation approaches of the recreational and tourist potential of rural areas. Conclusions. The study identified the recreational and tourist potential of rural areas as a set of natural, historical, cultural and other resources related to rural areas, tourist infrastructure that help meet the needs of the population in recreational and tourist activities. The main components of the recreational and tourist potential of rural areas are also identified. Key words: recreational potential, recreational and tourist potential, recreational and tourist resources, rural areas, tourism, tourist potential.

Estimating the spatial distribution of solar photovoltaic power generation potential on different types of rural rooftops using a deep learning network applied to satellite images

Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an important form of solar energy development, especially in rural areas where there is a large quantity of idle rural building roofs. Existing methods to estimate the spatial distribution of PV power generation potential are either unable to obtain spatial information or are too expensive to be applied in rural areas. Herein, we propose a novel approach to estimate the spatial distribution of the general potential of rural rooftop power from publicly available satellite images. We divide rural building roofs into three categories based on their orientation and roof angle and propose a revised U-Net deep learning network to extract roof images from satellite images at the macro level. Based on the rooftop detection, a calculation method for the potential area of the installed PV panel at the micro level was developed, considering different types of PV panels and their maintenance methods. By combining the above results and setting the solar radiation parameters and PV system efficiency, we can obtain the spatial distribution of the rooftop PV power generation potential in rural areas. This method is applied in northern China on a village and a town scale, and the overall accuracy of the revised U-Net model can reach over 92%. The spatial distribution information was analyzed and displayed. The annual average PV power generation potential ranges from 26.5 to 36.2 MWh per household and from 7.3 to 10 GWh per village.

Implementation of the Hierarchical Analytical Process in the Selection of the Best Source of Renewable Energy in the Colombian Caribbean Region

In this study, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology is implemented to provide decision criteria in the selection, planning, and development of electric power generation projects from renewable energy sources in the Caribbean region of Colombia. Six sources of renewable energy; biomass combustion; anaerobic digestion of biomass; biogas landfills; waste incineration; Photovoltaic energy and solar thermal radiation were considered in this study due to their energy potential in rural areas and areas not interconnected to the national electricity system. To determine the order of priority in the development of energy conversion technologies, a questionnaire was developed and sent to a group of experts. Given the need to generate electricity sustainably, the information was analyzed under four main criteria: technical, environmental, social, and economic. Sixteen additional sub-criteria were selected based on a literature review. In general, the economic criterion is the most relevant in the area due to the high investment and operating costs of electricity generation. The social criterion highlights the opportunity to create new jobs, while the environmental criterion highlights the component of substitution of renewable energy, a key aspect in the diversification of the energy matrix, which is part of the country's political agenda. Regarding the technological component, photovoltaic energy seems the most favorable due to its low environmental impact and the considerable reduction in prices experienced by the solar panel market in recent years.

The Productivity of Wineries – An Empirical in Moldova

Wine has historical importance to the Moldovan economy. Since the 18th century, it is noted, this commodity has contributed to revitalizing the export market and has prospered many workers. It’s not enough to stop there. Wine also plays a role in lifting Moldova’s status because it is an inspiration for other countries that have similar potential in rural areas. The goal of this research was to identify how large the land size, seed, and labor are for the productivity of wineries in Moldova with 2 models. We intend to examine and explain the relationship between independent and dependent variables using panel data in 5 regional units (Bălţi, Chisinau, Bender, Gagauzia, and Transnistria). The analytical tool used is a multiple regression through SPSS software. Empirical findings produced are that there is a positive significant influence on land size and labor on productivity, while the seed has a negative-significant effect.. This discovery also resulted in an important experience, which is regulated to stimulate the productivity and potency of wine through the relaxation of the agrarian sector.

EFFECTS OF COMBINING THE O2O MODEL, REGIONAL PRODUCTS AND EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM’S RURAL E-COMMERCE

Rural E-commerce has performed as a new area to consider, primarily takes spontaneous nature and it does not have an obvious orientation. As a result, rural E-commerce needs to select a suitable development model to form the breakthrough premise for Vietnam’s agriculture. Moreover, the core goal of this model is to intensify agricultural trading to build a modern agricultural product trading system (1 out of 3 new TAM NONG ideological criteria). Along with the purpose to exploit the potential in rural areas, increase the farmers’ income and improve the standard of living - a foundation to create a green, clean and beautiful environment, modernize the agricultural economy; the research is also of great significance in the development of modern TAM NONG policy with recent 4.0 technology in Vietnam. This research uses a cross-sectional descriptive method, aiming at shedding light on the key factor for the development of rural E-commerce in Vietnam based on the O2O model, including the ability to participate in E-commerce (age, gender, etc), living areas (rural, urban), academic level, combining of cultural, rural, regional specialties in developing field-trip ecotourism, managing logistics. As a result, our research aims to establish a new rural E-commerce combining 3 in 1: E-commerce O2O model, rural specialties, together with rural educational experience.

Використання трудових ресурсів у контексті управління земельними ресурсами аграрних підприємств

The article examines the issue of the use of labor resources in the context of land resource management of agrarian enterprises. Such indicators as the number of the population, the share of the rural population, the share of labor resources employed in agricultural production, the share of the able-bodied rural population, the area of agricultural land per person employed in agricultural production, as well as the volume of production of agricultural products per person employed in agricultural production were analyzed. Thus, during 2010-2021, the working capacity ratio of the rural population decreased slightly, from 0.59 to 0.58, which indicates that the labor potential in rural areas is not high enough. The coefficient of utilization of labor resources in 2011 was only 0.22, which indicates that in rural areas only every fourth resident is engaged in labor activities or works outside of agriculture. The load on one able-bodied person is increasing. Both the general level of economic activity of the rural population and the level of economic activity of the able-bodied population are decreasing. The number of people employed in agriculture is decreasing every year. Thus, in 2010, the number of people working in rural areas was 2870.6 thousand, in 2019 - 3010.4 thousand, and in 2021 - only 2692.7 thousand. The level of unemployment in rural areas is much higher than in the city, which is due to the limited number of vacancies and their specific characteristics. However, a significant reduction in the number of people employed in agricultural production did not have a positive effect on the dynamics of labor productivity in general in the country, since the labor force from this industry sector was displaced to personal auxiliary farms where manual labor is used mostly and, therefore, a lower level of the labor productivity is observed. The main trends in the dynamics of indicators of the working capacity ratio of the rural population, the ratio of the use of labor resources, the level of economic activity of the rural population, etc. have been determined. It is established that the level of unemployment in rural areas is significantly higher than in the city, which is due to the limited number of vacancies and their specific characteristics.

Problems of socio-economic development and ways to improve it for rural areas in Lviv region

For a long time the issue of socio-economic development of rural areas, which have their characteristics, has not lost its relevance but also is united by common unsolvable problems that restrict their development in Ukraine. The socio-economic decline of the village can not only reduce economic performance in agriculture but will also have a negative impact on depopulation, environmental deterioration, reduce the efficiency of natural resources, as well as the destruction of the cultural environment. The article presents the results of a study of the socio-economic situation in rural areas, analysis of economic and environmental indicators of the use of agricultural resources in the production of crop and livestock products in villages by different categories of producers. The publication provides information on the profitability of production in agricultural formations from 2010 to 2020. It has been established that the reason for the lack of growth in production in households is the irrational and economically unjustified use of resources and the lack of modern technologies. The publication also reveals the trends in the production output of livestock and crop production by different categories of producers. The indicators of production profitability were analyzed by agricultural enterprises during 2010-2020. The ways and means of improving the situation of using the natural resources by private agricultural enterprises, increasing economic indicators in the rural sector, and increasing production in agricultural enterprises are given. The results of the previous research show the possibilities and prospects for the implementation of the economic potential of rural areas based on the efficient and economically structured governance on the given territories. In addition, in modern realities, there may be an inflow to the mainstream of the investment climate due to the process of decentralization of the local government, receiving investment in the community, and, the increasing of the economy as a result. The research has shown that the development of social and economic infrastructure depends on investment activity.