Potential Of Non-timber Forest Products Research Articles

Analysis of the Potential of Non-Timber Forest Products at Siarsikarsik Village Forest Management Institute, Lumban Julu Village, Lumban Julu District, Toba Regency

Forest utilization through social forestry management within state forest areas is implemented to realize forest sustainability, community welfare, and environmental balance, and accommodate socio-cultural dynamics, requiring approval, recognition, and capacity building for the community. This study aims to analyze the potential of priority Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) at the Siarsikarsik Village Forest Management Institute (LPHD), Pasar Lumban Julu Village, Lumban Julu District, Toba Regency. The research was conducted from August to September 2022 using primary and secondary data. The method used is to conduct a census of the LPHD management population. The data analysis technique uses the stages of reduction, presentation, verification, and conclusion. From the interview results, it was found that the priority NTFP potentials were honey, rattan, incense, sugar palm, and ornamental plants. The obstacle in NTFP management is the low level of human resources and institutional capacity. Capacity building is the main strategy in supporting the development of NTFP management.

Contribution of the Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products to Farmers’ Income in Forest Management Unit

Forest Village Community Organizations (Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan - LDMH) Samudro Wonoasri and LMDH Tangkil Indah is an institution in partnership with Perhutani that has utilized the potential of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in plots 66A and plots 46B. This study aims to determine the contribution of NTFPs to farmers’ income in both locations (plots). Data collection on respondents was carried out using a comprehensive census technique. The total number of research respondents was 180 people, with 85 farmers in plot 66A RPH (Resor Pengelolaan Hutan - Forest Management Resort) Sumberkembang and 95 farmers in plot 46B RPH Lebakharjo. The results showed three dominant types of non-timber forest products used by farmers, namely coffee, cloves, and bananas. Meanwhile, the contribution of NTFPs to the average income yr-1 of farmers in the 66A RPH Sumberkembang plot is 79.07 %. The contribution of NTFPs to farmers’ average income yr-1 in the 46B RPH Lebakharjo plot obtained a percentage of 93.58 %. The average income yr-1 for all farmers in both locations (plots) of the study shows that NTFPs contribute significantly to the economy and that all farmers are highly dependent on the presence of non-timber forest products (NTFPs).

Assessment of the Potential of Non-timber Forest Products in Livelihoods’ Sustenance of the Flood Proximate Communities of the Indus Basin, Pakistan

Flood-proximate communities are the most affected from the destructions caused by floods occurring almost every year in Pakistan. The people in these areas, due to frequent natural calamities, usually have poor economic conditions. These communities mainly rely on conventional income-generating strategies i.e. agriculture, fishing, daily wages etc. But due to natural disasters, these methods end up yielding the least profit, thus different means of income-inducing strategies are needed to explore for the community’s sustainable growth. The current study focuses on the potential of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in the region of D I Khan in supporting the livelihoods of the inhabitants. The research utilized a mixed method approach (blend of quantitative and qualitative) through a semi-structured questionnaire aiming to assess the livelihood sustenance of flood proximate communities through NTFPs. A total of 150 respondents were randomly selected from 05 administration units, tehsils. The results revealed that communities in non-flooded areas (NF) used collecting NTFPs mostly for construction material whereas those in flooded areas (F) used it for construction as well as utensil making (F:41 %; NF: 39%; P<0.05; c2: 0.812). Both groups were involved in harvesting and using shrubs such as S. munja, T. latifolia, N. ritchiana, S. sesban and T. dioca and trees such as E. camadulensis, V. nilotica, and D. sissoo for firewood and cottage industry. Both groups were significantly different in meeting their livelihood needs such as their income source and meeting household expenses efficiently (F: 48%; NF: 100 %; P<0.01; c2: 12.03). The present study concludes that the NTFPs sector in flood-proximate areas has been neglected as a profitable income strategy for sustainable livelihood of the poor in this region.

IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL AND UTILIZATION OF NTFPs IN TAMAN HUTAN RAYA (TAHURA) SULTAN SYARIF HASYIM MINAS REGENCY RIAU PROVINCE

This study aims to determine the potential and utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in TAHURA sultan syarif hasyim, Minas District, Riau Province. The research method is a survey method, with objects of forest area and the community around the forest. The data taken is primary data, namely the type of vegetation that has the potential to produce NTFPs and respondent profile data as well as their interest and to develop NTFPs. While secondary data in the form of conditions Tahura sultan syarif hasyim, Minas District, Riau Province and other supporting data. The results of all data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Interviews and answers to questionnaires from communities around the forest found 21 types of NTFPs that were utilized by the community. Only 18 respondents were aware of the potential of NTFPs, out of a total of 35 respondents. 21 types of NTFPs are utilized with various functions and benefits, such as food, medicine, and industrial raw materials. It can be concluded that the potential of NTFPs in the Minas Tahura Model KPHP is 21 species with different levels of diversity and dominance as well as different benefits and utilization of NTFPs utilized by communities around Tahura, namely wood, rattan, honey, fruits and resin resin.

Fostering Livelihoods: Exploring the Scope and Challenges of Non-Timber Forest Products in Magar Community

The paper aims to investigate the management practices and income-generating potential of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in promoting the livelihoods of the Magar community in Janjang Village, Sindhuli. The Magar community, a marginalized indigenous nationality in Nepal, relies on NTFPs harvested from nearby forests. The study evaluates the commercial significance of NTFPs and the involvement of Magars in their trade, particularly with India. Through an empirical approach, the research involved unstructured interviews with fifteen local households to gather information. Findings indicate that while the collection and trade of NTFPs may not be a lucrative income source for individuals with higher landholdings, food security, and alternative income streams, it holds significant importance for Magars lacking access to land and alternative sources of income. It is a very nominal price offered for the NTFPs collected by the Magar community which does not even cover the labor costs (Piya et al., 2013). In response to the identified challenges, the community has recognized the need for collective action and established the Magar Community Support Cooperative Limited (MSCL) to facilitate and enhance NTFP trading. The cooperative has implemented institutionalized practices to streamline the processes involved in the collection, management, marketing, and trading of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). This cooperative structure aims to improve the overall efficiency and effectiveness of NTFP-related activities, fostering sustainable livelihoods for the Magar community in the Janjang Village of Sindhuli.

Development of herbal teabag products based on regional potency to improve forest communities’ welfare

On May 10, 2019, the Directorate General of Sustainable Production Forest Management with online shopping @shopee_id began collaboration to promote and market Non-Timber Forest Products in order to improve Indonesian economic. The potential of non-timber forest products in East Kalimantan, Indonesia is abundant, especially the utilization as medicinal plants based on local wisdom, such as in Merabu village, Berau district, and Dilang Puti village, West Kutai district, East Kalimantan. Traditional medicinal products tend to be less regulated and have no selling value. This study aims to develop herbal teabag products, beginning from production process, the cost of production, brand naming, and to strengthening an organization for manage or manufacture herbal teabags from these two villages. Merabu has high potential of gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis), karamunting (Melastoma malabatricum), and ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri). The product made is prima tea, with main ingredients of mixed leaves of A. malaccensis, R. tomentosa and a little amount of E. zwageri powder as a dye. Meanwhile, Dilang Puti has high potential of laban (Vitex pubescens), and ginger (Zingiber officinale). Thus, a tea product namely Pusaka tea is introduced, with the main ingredients of mixed inner bark of V. pubescens and Z. officinale powder. All processing implements a cooperative model to produce herbal teabags, with raw materials taken from members’ garden. The product manufacturing training process tends to be faster and easier, while naming is quite long due to a common name should recognized by all parties, beginning from young people, general public, and customary elders. Furthermore, herbal tea bag products are packaged and sold through established organizations, which then have a positive impact on local communities’ income.

Potential of non-timber forest products as medicinal plant sources in the protected forest area of Enrekang Regency

This study aims to determine the types of plants, parts and potential of medicinal plant sources in protected forest areas of Enrekang Regency. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, surveys and literature studies, and grouped into primary and secondary. The results show that there were 12 types of medicinal plants in the protected forest, namely candlenut, breadfruit, cinnamon, balsam, patikala, siri, laruna, suren, guava, kapok, lime and coffee. Furthermore, the medicinal plant parts used include seeds, roots, stems, leaves, fruit, bark, sap and flowers. The community uses medicinal plants in 7 ways, specifically burning, mashing, frying, drying, boiling, kneading and processing. There were eight methods of how to use of medicinal plants by the community, namely applying, drinking, gargling, inhaling, placing them on the wound, eating directly and washing the eyes.

Potential of non-timber forest products in contribution on rural livelihood

Introduction: Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) are rich sources of forest and contribute of rural livelihoods in fulfilling their subsistence needs and household level income. This research explores the present status of potential NTFPs, influential factor for their collection with contribution for upliftment of rural livelihood. Methods: The inventory method for bio-physical data and social data for livelihood was used using simple random sampling method. Result: Seventy-three plant species were recorded with most dominant species at 3000-3300m altitude (6923/hectare). Female, illiterate, poor people, aged (>30 years) and people having land holding below five ropani are the main influential socio- demographic and economic factors to collect NTFPs in the study area. Local people have alike opinions about the resource condition of NTFPs. Conclusion: NTFPs plays a significant role for the subsistence of livelihood of local people. The research will be the fruitful to concerned stakeholders to uplift rural livelihood and enhance entrepreneurship towards NTFPs promotion at local level.

Potential of NTFPs in Income and Employment Generation for Tribals of Polo Forest, Sabarkantha, Gujarat

The present survey is the most elaborate comprised study on Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) collection along with its economic contribution to the tribal economy of Polo forests. In the study, a total of 31 villages of Polo forests have been sampled to calculate a total collection of NTFPs. During the study, 10% households of the total households from each village were interviewed with the help of a predesigned questionnaire. The primary level survey revealed that NTFPs played a remarkable role in the tribals economy of Polo forests from the contribution of a total of 57 NTFPs which are being collected from 8 different parts of 48 plant species products and 2 animal products. These NTFPs have generated an income oft 12.74 million/annum of which maximum part comes from nonrecorded trades. The current estimation of income generation revealed that maximum economic contribution was found to be in Mahuwa (29%) followed by Timru (25%), Puvad (7%) and Salai Guggal (6%). The study also revealed that in Polo forests, Kathodi community is the most forestdependent community that collects almost all types of NTFPs available during the year. The current study concluded the role of NTFPs in the tribal economy and various factors affecting the collection and trade.

Economic Value of non-Timber Forest Product Utilization at Padali Resort, Ujung Kulon National Park

The National park has a supporting function in order to improve the society's welfare and their quality of life. One of the activities that can be carried out to support this function is the utilization of the potential of non-timber forest products. This research aims to identify the type and economic value of NTFP utilization at the Padali Resort in Ujung Kulon National Park. This research was carried out at TNUK Padali Resort and the village which guided under of the Paduk TNUK Resort in March to April 2018. The methods used were literature studies, interviews and field observations. Analysis of the data used is descriptive and quantitative analysis to calculate the economic value of NTFP utilization through a market price approach. The types of NTFPs used by the community consist of 8 types, namely sugar palm, bamboo, durian, dogfruit, coconut, mangosteen, melinjo and stink bean with a total economic value of Rp. 262,460,702.25 / year. The majority of NTFPs (62.62%) utilized by the community are for commercial purposes. Padasuka Village has the greatest dependence on NTFPs in the Padali Resort area with a percentage of 50% of the total economic value of NTFP utilization at Padali Resort TNUK. Keywords: buffer zone communities, economic value, non timber forest product, utilization

Valuing the Potential of Non-timber Forest Products in Financial Valuation of Savannah Formation in Sudanian Region

This study assesses the financial value of one hectare of savannah vegetation in Sudanian region of West Africa based on the potential extraction of Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). Our methodology provides multiple estimations of NTFPs production from each species for two years and also takes into account variation in NTFPs prices. Given the regeneration capacity of harvested species for some NTFPs such as bark or root, we presented the annual financial value of revenue from NTFPs in contrary to some studies which determined their net present value. Results showed that the Net Annual Value of NTFPs collection is US$368 ha-1 and would justify the interest of sustainable use of these resources. The most valuable products of the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve savannah were species leaves (US$164 ha-1) followed by fruits (US$89 ha-1) and roots (US$78 ha-1). However, the Net Annual Value determined here is the potential value of the Sudanian savannah in NTFPs. The NTFPs financial valuation made in this study provided a useful details for comparing alternative land use practices. In view of the sustainable use of natural resources, a NTFP focused management system could be considered economically viable management option. However, they cannot be sustainability harvested in absence of careful species selection, yield studies, monitoring of regeneration and harvesting adjustments. Therefore, there is a need to know more about useful species availability, biology and reaction to harvesting impact, especially for those exploited for their roots, flowers or fruits.

Poverty and Commercialization of Non-Timber Forest Products

While there is much interest by NGOs and environmental groups in the potential of non-timber forest products (NTFP) programs to si- multaneously achieve conservation and poverty alleviation, there is not a great deal of understanding of whether they work in practice, and how incentives and local management do, indeed affect poverty and local resource use. In this paper I propose a methodology to analyze the potential impacts that price increases can have on the income that extractors receive from NTFP extraction. The case study illustrates how one could evaluate the effectiveness of different price scenarios. It also shows the kind of biologic and socioeconomic information that is needed to apply the methodology suggested. The more accurate the information is the more confident one can be about the policy recommendations. This is an area of opportunity where applied research between economists and ecologists can lead to con- crete policy applications.

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs): Clearing the Confusion in Semantics

Though a significant volume of information has been documented on the importance and potential of NTFPs’ utilisation and its impacts on poverty reduction, livelihoods improvement and environmental sustainability, a lot of confusion is still associated with NTFPs semantics and terminologies. NTFPs have proved to be difficult to clearly define because of the blurred boundaries between timber and non-timber products and the underlying difficulty in defining a forest. The overabundance of terminologies relating to a single term having a range of interpretations, and none of which is universally recognised is at the heart of the NTFPs semantic confusion. Consequently, the meaning of “NTFPs” has generated a lot of controversy. In other words, there is no universally accepted operational definition of NTFPs. Various definitions proposed in literature tend to expound on specific species, aspects and products according to different authors’ focal interests. The increasing realisation of the importance of all forest resources makes the dichotomisation of forest resources into “timber” and “non-timber” overly simplistic. The lack of a common definition, terminologies as well as the multiplicity of interest, constitutes a real hindrance to research on and development of NTFPs. Through an extensive and critical review of literature and consultations with experts, this paper examines the semantics and the difficulties in defining NTFPs, the ensuing confusion and the consequences for research, and development and promotion of these products.

Non-timber Forest Products in Bardiya District of Nepal: Indigenous Use, Trade and Conservation

This article scopes the status and potential of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in community forests and the national forest of Bardiya district in western Nepal. The human ecological approach, participatory rural appraisal, focus group discussions and interviews were used to gather data and information for analysis. The results of the data analysis indicate that the area harbours a high diversity of potential NTFPs. Altogether, 101 species and their traditional uses were recorded. The NTFP species are clustered into first, second, third and fourth categories on the basis of their market value and resource availability. Despite a gradual but systematic socio-cultural transformation of the local communities, they still possess ample knowledge of plants and their uses. It is observed that the proper management of the NTFPs could play a vital role in the improvement of people's livelihood on a sustainable basis.

Das Nachfragepotenzial nach Nicht-Holz-Waldprodukten in der Schweiz

In addition to timber production and forest services, non-timber forest products (NTFP) such as mushrooms, forest honey or game may be an additional source of income for the forestry sector. In order to assess the market potential of NTFP in Switzerland a survey on supply, demand, and consumption was conducted in the shopping centers of six Swiss cities (N = 897). The results show that there is a considerable demand potential for such products. Swiss NTFP are highly valued among urban consumers. These consumers consider high quality and environmental friendliness to be the most important product characteristics of NTFP. Although there is a nonutilized market potential, various problems exist in order to achieve economic gains from NTFP. For better market access and greater use of the economic potential of NTFP as a sustainable source of forestry based income, an intensification of marketing activities, sales promotion, organization and product innovation are necessary.

Valuing the non-timber forest products in the Mediterranean region

The potential of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in the Mediterranean region as a source of livelihood and sustainable development has been widely recognized. Yet, surprisingly few efforts have been made to value them comprehensively. Valuation efforts usually focused on selected NTFPs traded on formal markets, at local level. This paper aims to provide comprehensive estimates of NTFPs benefits at national and regional level in the Mediterranean region. Six major groups of NTFPs are identified: firewood, cork, fodder, mushrooms, honey and other NTFPs. Valuation is based on a wide variety of techniques, drawing on official statistics, and supplemented by results of local surveys. It shows that at Mediterranean level, NTFPs provide annual benefits of about €39/ha of forests, accounting for about a fourth of the total economic value of forests estimated by this study. The average estimate for southern countries (€54/ha) is considerably higher than for northern (€41/ha) and eastern countries (€20/ha). The paper reveals the degree of importance of the main NTFPs benefits for the country groups and the region as a whole. It also discusses some reasons of concern when drawing policy tools for improving rural income and forest conservation in the Mediterranean.

Global patterns and trends in the use and management of commercial NTFPs: Implications for livelihoods and conservation

Understanding of the role and potential of nontimber forest products (NTFPs) for livelihood improvement and conservation has been hindered by a lack of a clear theoretical framework and a functional typology of cases. To help fill this gap, we did a comparative analysis of 61 cases of commercial NTFP production in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Cases were documented using a standardized set of descriptors organized into categories describing various aspects of the production-to-consumption system. Exploratory analysis yielded useful case groupings by (a) household economic strategy and (b) NTFP production strategy. These groups and their key characteristics are used as a basis for discussing the development and conservation implications of NTFPs.

India: achieving the Millennium Development Goals through non-timber forest products

SUMMARY Despite the rapid strides made in recent years in terms of development, India has a long way to go to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This paper attempts to analyze the role and potential of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) to meet the subsistence and income needs of forest inhabitants. Based on available literature, field and policy level experience, it shows how the NTFP sector has not received due importance in the country. The paper depicts the unique potential of NTFPs to assist in achieving all the 8 MDGs for the 178 million forest inhabitants in particular and the remaining population in general. It also provides a strategy for achieving the MDGs in India through NTFPs.

A Methodology to Analyze Divergent Case Studies of Non-Timber Forest Products and Their Development Potential

Abstract Debate currently rages over the development potential of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) in tropical forests. Proponents of particular "solutions" can refer to evidence (case studies, data) which tend to support their interpretation of events and relationships. Recommendations thus frequently depend on how data are classified and interpreted. Inaccurate or incomplete classification leads to defective subsequent theories, models, and recommendations. We present a method for classifying very divergent case-study data, and some initial results as a basis for general understanding of key factors that influence a given result. Crucial issues determining outcomes of NTFP development include the nature of government involvement, distribution of property rights, the ability of local people to claim and enforce such rights, market transparency, and pressure on the resource. This paper concludes with suggestions for further testing and development of the methodology. For. Sci. 45(1):1-14.

Income and Employment Generation Opportunities and Potential of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs)

The study reveals that a greater potential lies in generating income and employment through development of NTFPs for the underprivileged tribal population in Gujarat. It is estimated that NTFPs generate, on an average, employment equal to some 3.7 million man-days and an income of Rs 62.7 million (approximately $1.8 m) per annum. In addition, many NTFPs, are collected for household consumption and thus provide food security to several needy people. Most NTFPs have potential for value addition at local level so that more employment and income can be generated in the village economy. The multiplier impacts of this is expected to be substantial in the local economy. The scope for value addition is high and is possible by 200% or more of the value of the raw or unprocessed NTFPs. Enforcement of grades and standardization is another way of adding value to raw produce of NTFPs. The concerns about the diminishing stocks of NTFPs are raised and the need for a national economic policy for the NTFPs is established.