Potential Groundwater Resources Research Articles

Investigation and Evaluation of Aquiferous Zones Within Orlu and Its Environs, Using a Geo-electrical and Physiochemical Approach

This study investigated the suitability of drinking water in Orlu, Nigeria, facing challenges due to limited surface water availability and environmental deterioration. To solve the problem of the availability of portable water, electrical resistivity surveys using a Schlumberger array were conducted to identify potential groundwater resources. Twelve locations were assessed, revealing resistivity values indicative of potential aquifers. Following the geophysical survey, the physicochemical properties of water samples collected from various locations were analyzed. Parameters including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), and minerals were evaluated against WHO and Nigerian drinking water standards. The analysis indicated generally good water quality across the sampling sites. pH levels were within the recommended range, and DO concentrations met the minimum requirements. Similarly, TDS and BOD values suggested low levels of organic matter and dissolved solids. Mineral content also remained below WHO-permissible limits. A Water Quality Index further confirmed that the water quality within the study area can be graded from good to excellent in quality. These findings suggest that the groundwater resources identified in the study hold promise for providing safe drinking water in Orlu and its environs.

Assessment of groundwater potential zone mapping for semi-arid environment areas using AHP and MIF techniques

AbstractGroundwater resources are essential for drinking water, irrigation, and the economy mainly in semiarid environments where rainfall is limited. Currently, unpredictable rainfall due to climate change and pollution on the Earth’s surface directly affects groundwater resources. In this area, most people depend on groundwater resources for irrigation and drinking purposes, and every summer, most of the area depends on groundwater in a semiarid environment. Hence, we selected two popular methods, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multiple influence factor (MIF) methods, which can be applied to map groundwater potential zones. Nine thematic layers, such as land use and land cover (LULC), geomorphology, soil, drainage density, slope, lineament density, elevation, groundwater level, and geology maps, were selected for this study using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. These layers are integrated in ArcGIS 10.5 software with the help of the AHP and MIF methods. The map of the groundwater potential zones in the study area revealed four classes, i.e., poor, moderate, good, and very good, based on the AHP and MF methods. The groundwater potential zone area is 241.50 (ha) Poor, 285.64 (ha) moderate, 408.31 (ha) good, and 92.75 (ha) very good using the AHP method. Similarly, the MIF method revealed that the groundwater potential classes were divided into four classes: 351.29 (ha) poor, 511.18 (ha), moderate, 123.95 (ha) good, and 41.78 (ha) very good. The results were compared to determine which methods are best for planning water and land resource development in specific areas that have basaltic rock and drought conditions. Both groundwater potential zone maps were validated with water yield data. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) model results are found to be 0.80 (good) and 0.93 (excellent) using the MIF and AHP methods, respectively; hence, the AHP method is best for delineation of groundwater potential zone maps and groundwater resource planning. The present study’s framework and the results will be valuable for improving the efficiency of irrigation, conserving rainwater and maintaining the ecosystem in India.

Assessment of Groundwater Potential Zones Utilizing Geographic Information System-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process, Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje, and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution Methods: A Case Study in Mersin, Türkiye

The indiscriminate use of surface water has heightened the demand for groundwater supplies. Therefore, it is critical to locate potential groundwater sources to develop alternative water resources. Groundwater detection is tremendously valuable, as is sustainable groundwater management. Mersin, in southern Türkiye, is expected to confront drought shortly due to increased population, industry, and global climate change. The groundwater potential zones of Mersin were determined in this study by GIS-based AHP, VIKOR, and TOPSIS methods. Fifteen parameters were used for this goal. The study area was separated into five categories. The results show that the study area can be divided into “Very High” zones (4.98%, 5.94%, 7.96%), followed by “High” zones (10.89%, 10.32%, 16.50%), “Moderate” zones (60.68%, 52.41%, 51.56%), “Low” zones (21.28%, 28.53%, 20.90%), and “Very Low” zones (2.18%, 2.80%, 3.07%) in turn. Data from 60 wells were used to validate potential groundwater resources. The ROC-AUC technique was utilized for this. It was seen that the performance of the VIKOR model is better than that of the AHP and TOPSIS (76.5%). The findings demonstrated that the methods and parameters used are reliable for sustainable groundwater management. We believe that the study will also help decision makers for this purpose.

Safe Yield of Groundwater Utilization for Domestic, Livestock and Hotels Requirement as An Anticipation of Sea Water Intrusion in The Coastal of Batang Regency

As a result of the groundwater utilization which exceeds its safe yield, the phenomenon of seawater intrusion is often found in some coastal areas. For this reason, the utilization of groundwater must not exceed its safe yield. This study aims to calculate the availability of groundwater and its safe yield and evaluate its utilization which does not exceed the safe yield. To achieve this purposes, groundwater availability is calculated using the static method by multiplying the area by the thickness of the aquifer and the specific yield. Utilization of groundwater for domestic, livestock and hotel requirement is carried out by multiplying the water demand for each of these sectors by the amount. Safe yield is calculated based on area width, groundwater fluctuation and its specific yield. The groundwater resources potential of research area amounted to 648,960,234 m3/year, while the safe yield was 127,702,334 m3/year. Utilization of groundwater for domestic, livestock and hotel requirement is 23,062,023 m3/year, so that the use of groundwater to meet domestic, livestock and hotel reqirement has not endangered the availability of groundwater. However, for Batang District, groundwater utilization has almost reached half of its safe yield.

Groundwater investigation in the Dumoga area, north Sulawesi province, Indonesia

Dumoga is one of the areas in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, designated as an agriculture and food crop area. Groundwater is one of the sources of raw water and irrigation in this area. Therefore, it needs detailed information about the quantity and quality to support groundwater exploitation and management for sustainable use of groundwater resources. This study investigates the groundwater resource potential and quality, which has not been previously studied. The research methods used geological observation, springs mapping, geoelectrical survey, measurement of groundwater level, and physicochemical, including temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC). The result shows that the Dumoga area has a high potential for groundwater resources, with sand and clayey sand as the main aquifers. Groundwater flows from around the research area to Dumoga River in the middle. Even though it has a high potential for groundwater resources, not all groundwater is recommended for irrigation water because of the quality, especially from the southwestern and eastern Dumoga areas.

Remote sensing-based groundwater potential evaluation in a fractured-bedrock mountainous area

<abstract><p>Assessing the capacity of groundwater is essential for efficient water management. Regrettably, evaluating the potential of groundwater in regions with limited data accessibility, particularly in mountainous regions, presents significant challenges. In the Nan basin of Thailand, where there is a scarcity of groundwater well data, we utilized remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques for evaluating and determining the potential of groundwater resources. The analysis included seven hydrological factors, including elevation, drainage density, lineament density, land use and land cover, slope, soil moisture, and geology. The quantification of groundwater potential was conducted by the utilization of linear combination overlays, employing weights derived from two distinct methodologies: the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the frequency ratio (FR). Interestingly, it is noteworthy that both the FR and AHP approaches demonstrated a very comparable range of accuracy levels (0.89–1.00) when subjected to cross-validation using field data pertaining to groundwater levels. Although the FR technique has shown efficacy in situations when data is well-distributed, it displayed constraints in regions with less data, which could potentially result in misinterpretations. On the other hand, the AHP provided a more accurate assessment of the potential of groundwater by taking into account the relative importance of the criteria throughout the full geographical scope of the study. Moreover, the AHP has demonstrated its significance in the prioritization of parameters within the context of water resource management. This research contributes to the development of sustainable strategies for managing groundwater resources.</p></abstract>

Assessment of groundwater resources potential using Improved Water Quality Index (ImpWQI) and entropy-weighted TOPSIS model

Assessment of groundwater resources potential using Improved Water Quality Index (ImpWQI) and entropy-weighted TOPSIS model

Mapping Groundwater Resource using Multispectral Sentinel 2 and Fuzzy Logic method, Case Study: Salafchegan, Qom, Iran

Groundwater is one of the essential freshwater sources for human consumption, with the highest reserves of fresh water on earth after glaciers and glaciers. Conservation and maintenance of groundwater quality in a large area require an overview of the status and potential of groundwater resources in that area, which can be applied to potential areas using remote sensing technology. In this study, after extracting the factors influencing the formation of groundwater aquifers from the Sentinel satellite image, appropriate information layers were prepared and integrated into the ArcGIS using different fuzzy operators and potential maps prepared with the location of groundwater wells. The area was validated. The results of combining slope layers, slope direction, lithology, drainage length density, lineament length density, lineament buffer, drainage buffer, and vegetation in the area showed that fuzzy multiplication and gamma operators could be used as suitable operators for Introducing information layers to identify groundwater potential in the area. Also, using the gamma numbers 0.1 gave better results than larger gamma numbers. The research results showed that 15.9% of the studied area has good and very good potential for the presence of underground water in the production map using the fuzzy gamma with gamma 0.1 method. Also, this map was validated by 70.1% of water wells in the region. The normalized ratio of accuracy to validity in the final production model with this method was estimated to be 54%, which is entirely acceptable compared to other methods.

Investigation of Groundwater Potential Zone Using Geophysical and Geospatial Technology in Akuku-Toru Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria

Background of the Study: The study area is located within four communities in Akuku-Toru Local Government Area, which is a coastal region within the Niger Delta. The study area is heavily reliant on groundwater for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes. The hydrogeological dynamics of the area are complex, with diverse geological formations and intricate subsurface structures. As a result, an innovative and integrated approach is necessary for effective groundwater management. The study investigated the potential of groundwater resources in the study area and identification of fresh water zones using electrical resistivity, remote sensing, and GIS which employs geophysical surveys, remote sensing techniques, and geospatial analysis to explore the interplay between aquifer characteristics, geological formations, and topographical attributes. The fresh water zones are regions with low saline content.
 Aim: This study aims to assess groundwater potential in some parts of Akuku-Toru Local Government Area by integrating the geophysical data from Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) surveys with geospatial analysis from GIS and Remote Sensing Technology. The research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of groundwater availability and its correlation with geophysical and geospatial parameters.
 Study Design: A thorough methodology was employed to investigate the possibility of freshwater resources in the study area. The approach involved gathering Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data from 8 locations, as well as incorporating geospatial data such as elevation, drainage density, geology, apparent resistivity, and slope maps. The collected data underwent rigorous processing, correlation analysis, and reclassification to explore the potential of freshwater resources in the study area.
 Place and Duration of the Study: The research was conducted in four communities (Abonnema, Ekulama, Jacobkiri and Belema) within the Akuku-Toru Local Government Area over a span of 18months. The area's hydrogeological context and topographical features are investigated to determine groundwater potential zones.
 Methods: The research utilized the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method to obtain aquifer resistivity data, reflecting subsurface Lithological variations. Geospatial analysis involved accessing elevation and drainage density patterns. Correlation analysis was also performed to link the geophysical and geospatial data with qualitative interpretations, facilitating the assignment of numerical values representing groundwater potential zones.
 Results: The Correlation analysis revealed insightful patterns. Aquifer resistivity, elevation and slope were identified as influential parameter affecting groundwater potential. The geology of the study area, categorized into dominant formations, exhibited varying degrees of potential for freshwater resources. The Correlation of geophysical and geospatial data provided a comprehensive understanding of groundwater availability across the study region.
 Conclusion: The integration of geophysical and geospatial analysis offers a robust approach to groundwater potential assessment. The research findings contributed to valuable insights into the spatial distribution of potential freshwater resources in the study area. The correlation between aquifer resistivity, elevation, slope, and geology enhanced our understanding of hydrological conditions and provides a foundation for future groundwater studies and management strategies.

Preliminary study of isotope characteristics of groundwater in karst hydrogeology in Pacitan Regency, East Java

The Pacitan Karst region is well known to be one of drought area in the Pacitan Regency during the dry season. Consequently, during the dry season, springs from karst system are required as a water source for the daily life. The appearance of these springs are a result and advantage of the karst terrain, which contains potential groundwater resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the origin and characteristics of spring’s water in the Pacitan karst region based on its isotope concentrations. This research was conducted by collecting groundwater samples from springs, dug wells, bore wells, and rivers in Pacitan Regency and analyzing their 18O and 2H concentrations. Information on the source of groundwater is thought to be necessary for sustainable groundwater protection planning (conservation). According to the results of the investigation, there are four categories of isotope ratio distribution. The pattern of 18O and 2H concentrations in the samples around the Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) shows that groundwater originates from the same elevation of the catchment area from where rainwater falls and has the same characteristics as rainwater or meteoric water.

Оценка обеспеченности, состояния и перспектив использования ресурсов подземных вод для питьевого водообеспечения Западно-Казахстанского региона

Today's global strategy to improve the reliability of drinking water supply systems is determined by the focus on maximizing the use of groundwater to provide the population with drinking water. In most cases, information about the availability, volume and quality of groundwater plays a decisive role in making decisions about the effectiveness of the development of a certain area, as well as the improvement and expansion of the physical environment and facilities necessary to support economic activity and meet the vital needs of the people of this region. Therefore, defining of the groundwater distribution, magnitude of its resources, quality and features of formation is crucial in the study of the hydrogeological conditions of the region. An assessment of the groundwater resource potential of West Kazakhstan region was made to ensure sustainable drinking water supply of the population. When assessing the characteristics of fresh groundwater hydrogeological, hydrogeochemical, geoinformation-analytical, statistical and laboratory research methods (including chromatographic, spectrophotometric, atomic absorption, etc.) were used. Such evaluation of the resource potential of fresh groundwater and the prospects for its use for the water supply of cities and towns will make it possible to identify areas with high, medium and poor groundwater supply, and this, in turn, will make it possible to find new sources to cover the needs of domestic and drinking water supply, which will contribute to the sustainable socio-economic development of the West Kazakhstan region.

IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND REMOTE SENSING (CASE STUDY: MOJOKERTO REGENCY)

The impact of the drought problem in Mojokerto Regency resulted in thousands of people having access to clean water. So, it is necessary to plan the utilization of groundwater resources well. Therefore, more serious handling is needed in an effort to overcome the problem of groundwater supply. One of them is the availability of groundwater potential maps. This study aims to determine the identification of aquifer potential and groundwater potential in Mojokerto Regen cy in 2020. This research uses SPO T - 7 satellite imagery to see vegetation density using the NDVI method and uses 5 parameters, namely rainfall, soil texture, rock type/geology, slope, and land use. This study used the AHP method in determining the priority weight value of each parameter. Based on the results of the study, the results were obtained with 3 classifications with the largest area being an area with mode rate groundwater potential of 52,621.285 Ha and the smallest area being an area with low groundwater potential of 2,426.327 Ha. Previous research identified groundwater potential using the NDVI method with Landsat 8 imagery which has a resolution of 30 meters. Therefore, this research is expected to produce better vegetation density by using SPOT-7 imagery to obtain more detailed groundwater potential, because the resolution of the image SPO T -7 is 6 meters. So that this research can be considered in efforts to process the potential of groundwater resources in Mojokerto Regency

Groundwater recharge through shallow groundwater recharge system by infiltration ponds in Fai Kwang Sub-district, Phayao Province of Thailand

The shallow groundwater recharge at an area scale in Fai Kwang Subdistrict, Chiang Kham District, Phayao Province, Thailand aim to apply of the groundwater replenishment system to solve the problem of drought and insufficient water for consumption using by shallow groundwater recharge system through the concrete circle in pond integrating with using technology to manage surface water with the GIS system and geophysical surveys for evaluating the potential of groundwater resources to access information on land use, soil conditions, water resources. The groundwater recharge system at depth 12 m and water was replenishment occurs flow from pubic pool collected water converted to water filtration and pumping average water volume of 3.54 m3/hr to solve the problem of surface water quality for water supply in tap water production of Siwilai Village, Fai Kwang Subdistrict, Phayao Province, which enabled people in the area to used water for 200 homes. The social return on investment (SROI) was 59.23%, reducing water purchase and medical expenses due to water quality impact. The study results have led to the creation of water management policies and the application of information and innovations for drought resolution. Measures and requirements for using public water sources for consumption collecting income for the maintenance of the village's water supply system.

Potential of Brackish Groundwater for Different Biosaline Agriculture Systems in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

The objective of this research was to define the potential of brackish groundwater for 15 systems of biosaline agriculture in a representative area of the Brazilian semi-arid region. The study was conducted using a database of the State of Ceará, with 6284 wells having brackish water (EC ≥ 0.8 dS m−1 and discharge rate ≥ 0.5 m3 h−1). Our results show that the potential of brackish groundwater resources depends on the set of data: (i) production system (crop salt tolerance and water demand) and (ii) water source (salinity and well discharge rate). The joint analysis of these data shows that plant production systems with lesser water requirements, even with moderate tolerance levels to salt stress, present better results than more tolerant species, including halophytes and coconut orchards. About 41, 43, 58, 69, and 82% of wells have enough discharge rates to irrigate forage cactus (1.0 ha), sorghum (1.0 ha with supplemental irrigation), hydroponic cultivation, cashew seedlings, and coconut seedlings, respectively, without restrictions in terms of salinity. Otherwise, 65.8 and 71.2% of wells do not have enough water yield to irrigate an area of 1.0 ha with halophytes and coconut palm trees, respectively, butmore than 98.3 and 90.7% do not reach the water salinity threshold for these crops. Our study also indicates the need for diversification and use of multiple systems on farms (intercropping, association of fish/shrimp with plants), to reach the sustainability of biosaline agriculture in tropical drylands, especially for family farming.

Identification of Aquifer Potential by Geoelectric Method in Gedangsari District, Gunungkidul Regency

Water is a very important natural resource that is needed by all living things in all their life activities. Research related to water and how to use water resources is an important issue. The amount of fresh water available on earth is only about 25% of the total water. The aim of this study is to identify potential aquifers with the geoelectric method. This can be a consideration in determining the right location of the well in relation to efforts to obtain potential groundwater resources to meet the needs of raw water, both in terms of quantity and quality. The method used is a field survey by making observations including rock permeability measurements, infiltration, laboratory and studio work. Field work also includes geoelectric measurements, observations of groundwater levels and land use, and analysis of aquifers to determine the location of drill points that have the potential to be developed. The results show that the supply of raw water for a number of locations spread across Gunungkidul Regency is very much needed, considering that in the dry season there is a shortage of water. Groundwater conditions using the Schlumberger Method show that they have sufficient raw water potential, but in terms of depth and discharge, each location is different from one another. Planning for borehole construction is highly recommended, and planning is adjusted to the amount of demand and availability of raw water.

A Method Combining Seepage Theory and Model Simulation for the Identification of Potential Groundwater Resources

A Method Combining Seepage Theory and Model Simulation for the Identification of Potential Groundwater Resources

Calculation of Potential Groundwater Resources in Orkhon River Basin

Available groundwater research work and data levels are very limited due to the wide territory of our country. Potential Groundwater resources need to be calculated by basin to implement Integrated Water Resources Management Plans. For this purpose, previously the calculations were done twice in the Orkhon River Basin. The last calculation was done 10 years ago, therefore Integrated Water Resources Management Plan needs to be redeveloped, using updated research work and data levels. The Orkhon River is one of the biggest rivers in Mongolia, rising from Khangai Mountain Range and flowing into the Selenge River. The Orkhon River Basin includes the Tuul, Kharaa, and Yeruu rivers basins which rise in the Khentii Mountains. For the first time, a hydrogeological structure map of the basin was developed which analyzed and systemized the hydrogeological structure, the morphostructure factors, and the hydraulic properties of the hydrogeological formations distributed in the Orkhon River Basin. There are two types of hydrogeological basins and three types of hydrogeological massifs in the basin. This paper presents the calculation of the Potential Groundwater Resources (PGR) in the Orkhon River Basin based on groundwater well data, reports of groundwater exploration and research works, and the hydrogeological maps at a scale of 1:500,000. As a result of this calculation, there are 1.99 km3 of PGR in this basin.The largest resources are found in the linear intermountain hydrogeological basin which occupies 98 percent of the total PGR. Further improvement of the quality and standards of water research remains an important issue for hydrogeologists today.

Groundwater exploration using Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) at Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan

The electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) method was conducted at Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan. This study intends to explore the potential for groundwater resources in the study area. The greatest way for locating groundwater is ERI, a technique that doesn’t alter the composition or functionality of the soil. ERI survey is concerned with the resistivity (Ωm) value of subsurface rocks. The Pole-Dipole array was used for this study, and a total of two survey lines were used. Each survey line was 200 m long, with 2.5 m between electrodes. ABEM Terrameter LS Toolbox is used to record all the data, and RES2DINV software is used to process it. All the data are processed in two-dimensional (2D) resistivity profiles will give a better understanding of the geological environment and enable the detection of groundwater. The findings indicate fluctuating resistivity with a range of 1-4000 Ωm and an inquiry depth of roughly 45 m. High resistivity zones of 4000 Ωm indicate values for granitic rock, whereas low resistivity zones of 10-800 Ωm reveal values for the area’s fractured aquifer, which is viewed as a potential water carrying zone (bedrock). Bedrock is found to be around 50 m below the indicated fractured aquifer layer, which is located at a depth of about 25 m. By measuring the depth of the fractured zone for probable zones with low resistivity values, this study provides an idea of the potential groundwater resources.

Application of Seismic Reflection Survey for Aquifer Layers Characterization at the Felda Lepar Utara Area, Pahang, Malaysia

Precise determination of subsurface structure is crucial in hydrogeological studies to correctly determine the potential of groundwater resources, and the sustainability of those resources. This study used the seismic reflection method to characterize the aquifer layer in Ladang Lepar Utara 8 (Line 1) and Ladang Sungai Rengai (Line 2) in the Felda Lepar Utara area, Pahang, Malaysia, due to its high accuracy, high-resolution and deeper penetration. The field data acquisition survey involved roll-along techniques with shot spacing of 5m along the line using 24-channels ABEM terraloc Mark-6 and CMP (common mid-point) profiling techniques. Seismic interpretation of reflection data and tubewell information from nearby borehole data indicates that the area consists of a single type of rock known as phyllitic meta-sedimentary rocks of the Sri Jaya beds that have been deformed by intense faulting and fracturing (from about 30 to 750 m depth in Line 1 and about 75 m to 500m depth in Line 2). This formation is overlain by recent alluvium that ranges in thickness from 30 to 75 m and is underlain by Lepar Granodiorite. The alluvium is a shallow aquifer system that can be classified as an unconfined aquifer, whereas the phyllitic meta-sedimentary rock of the Srijaya Beds is a deep aquifer system that can be classified as a confined aquifer with an alluvium layer (up to 75 m thick) on top as a confining bed. The occurrence of intense faulting and fracturing increases the porosity and permeability of the rock formation and hence increases its potential as a groundwater prospective/promising zone.

Water Resources of Western and Central Regions of India: Status, Issues and Strategies

One of the important events in the field of Geology especially Hydrology and Hydrogeology was jointly organized by Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune and Geological Society of India, Begaluru during 10th - 11th January 2019. The present event was associated with various brain storming sessions to pin-point the status, potentials, management issues and strategies, especially pertaining to the water resources of western and central regions of India covering the six major states, namely, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh. All these states have unique set up of geology, geomorphology, climatic diversities in addition to the well established hydrological and hydrogeological characteristics. This brain storming event was jointly organized to brought out the above mentioned special volume - 12 ( ix + 261 pages). This special volume has been grouped under the very explicit themes, defining i) Water resources of western and central regions of India: perspectives, ii) Resource potential and development and iii) Resource management and strategies: science and technology. The publication comprises in all 25 articles, covering mainly three themes. The first theme encompasses the volumetric data on entire reserves of water resources of western and central regions of India, under which the three research papers have been published. This theme clearly brings out that “India is the largest user of surface and groundwater across the globe and hence the challenges are equally complex”. Also, the schemes/policies to manage the both water resources should be site-specific because hydrological and hydrogeological set ups of the states like Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh are all together different. Hence, an integrated approach in the water resource management and their regulatory mechanism need to be given specific “vision” for the further future developments. The second theme appears to be very comprehensive by including all the states of western and central regions of India and apprehends the surface and groundwater resource potential of the states covered by these regions of India. The data-base of surface water as well as groundwater resources are discussed in detail from the states of Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh as well as Goa with their unique hydrological and hydrogeological distinctiveness. Some research papers attract the viewer's attention for their particular orientation in degradation of water quality due to sea water intrusions at the sites of coastal Maharashtra; water crisis in Gujarat; ground water quality worsening in parts of Rajasthan with emphasis on fluoride problems and the contamination potential of groundwater from Goa. In addition, the pragmatic approach of groundwater conservation and artificial recharge strategies in Madhya Pradesh has been very well dealt with! An overview of the data-base has also been supplied for the groundwater resources in some of the states as well as management issues and future strategies for sustainability have also been discussed in greater detail. The third theme has been based on the induction of science and technological edge for the water resource management and the strategies implemented in western and central parts of India. “Water resource management in India: a peep through ages” is a plausible rendition on ancient water resource management systems in India. The two other papers are interesting and very specific in their core premise, i) groundwater management at the interface of an aquifer and the community and ii) a case study from upper Nira River Basin for delineation of phreatic basaltic aquifers. Besides, two research papers make us to apprehend the heap of data-base from two neighbours, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Herein, the subjects like groundwater scenario, issues and management strategies have been argued, and also highlighted the quality issues (salinity, nitrate, fluoride), cropped out from the arid and semi arid Rajasthan. The authors have aptly tried to put their manuscripts very clearly with their research findings and field traverse recordings. This special volume accomplishes the integrated comprehensive outlook of hydrogeological settings of western and the central parts of India with immense data given through more than 140 figures and 110 tables. The authors' wide experience and the placing of the thematic approach for the research findings are the added merit of this special volume. I personally feel that this special volume is an ideal data-set for researchers, trainee hydrogeologists, NGOs and even the geo-scientists working in various organizations/ institutions dealing with hydrology/ hydrogeology. I congratulate both the authors for their contribution in aptly combining the “treasure” of ground water resource data as well as the Geological Society of India, Bengaluru for bringing out this volume in very praise worthy form.