Arterial calcification contributes to cardiovascular mortality. Based on a recent animal study, we hypothesized that higher dietary potassium intake was associated with less abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and lower arterial stiffness among adults in the United States. Cross-sectional analyses were performed on participants over 40years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014. Dietary potassium intake was categorized into quartiles (Q1: <1911, Q2: 1911-2461, Q3: 2462-3119, and Q4: >3119mg/d). Primary outcome AAC was quantified using the Kauppila scoring system. AAC scores were categorized into no AAC (AAC=0, reference group), mild/moderate (AAC >0 to≤6), and severe AAC (AAC >6). Pulse pressure was used as a surrogate for arterial stiffness and examined as a secondary outcome. Among 2,418 participants, there was not a linear association between dietary potassium intake and AAC. Higher dietary potassium intake was associated with less severe AAC when comparing dietary potassium intake in Q2 with Q1 (odds ratio 0.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.34 to 0.92; P=.03). Higher dietary potassium intake was significantly associated with lower pulse pressure (P=.007): per 1000mg/d higher dietary potassium intake, pulse pressure was 1.47mmHg lower in the fully adjusted model. Compared to participants with dietary potassium intake in Q1, pulse pressure was 2.84mmHg lower in Q4 (P=.04). We did not find a linear association between dietary potassium intake and AAC. Dietary potassium intake was negatively associated with pulse pressure.