Pot Technique Research Articles

The effect of miR‑155‑5p on long‑term memory of sleep‑deprived mice through the BDNF/NF‑κB pathway.

Sleep deprivation (SD) is a prevalent sleep issue in modern society that significantly impairs neurological function and quality of life in affected individuals. This study seeks to investigate the involvement of the miR‑155‑5p/BDNF axis in SD mice, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for potential treatment strategies. Male C57BL/6 mice were utilized in the construction of a SD model using the flower pot technique. HT22 cells were selected for cellular experiments. The Morris water maze was employed to assess the learning and memory capabilities of the mice. HE staining was utilized to observe pathological changes in hippocampal tissue. Levels of IL‑1β, IL‑6, and TNF‑α were analyzed using ELISA. The expression level of miR‑155‑5p was quantified via RT‑qPCR. The binding between miR‑155‑5p and brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was confirmed through a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. Apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was assessed using TUNEL. Western blot analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression levels of BDNF, p65, and p‑p65. The Morris water maze test revealed that the mice exhibited prolonged escape latency, decreased swimming velocity, and reduced time spent in the target platform quadrant, which are indicative of a successful construction of the SD model. The observed cognitive deficits in the mice were associated with SD‑induced damage to the hippocampal tissue, leading to increased levels of miR‑155‑5p and decreased levels of BDNF. miR‑155‑5p was found to directly bind to BDNF, thereby suppressing its mRNA and protein expression. The upregulation of BDNF effectively mitigated hippocampal damage by attenuating cell apoptosis and reducing inflammation levels in SD mice. Additionally, the BDNF/NF‑κB pathway was found to be suppressed in SD mice through the downregulation of miR‑155‑5p. Therefore, the silencing of miR‑155‑5p inhibited the activation of the NF‑κB pathway by upregulating BDNF, which improved long‑term memory and reduced neuronal damage in SD mice.

Diamondoid Ni(II) Coordination Polymer as an Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions and Overall Water Splitting.

We have successfully synthesized a new Ni(II)-based coordination polymer (CP) [Ni2(cis-1,4-chdc)2(4,4'-bpy)3(H2O)2] (1); (cis-1,4- H2chdc=cis-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and 4,4'-bpy=4,4'-bipyridine) employing slow diffusion method in a single pot technique. The connectivity of Ni(II) ions and bridging cis-1,4-chdc ligand gives rise to a three-dimensional (3D) framework with 2-fold interpenetrated diamondoid topology. Interestingly, the synthesized CP acts as efficient catalyst for electrocatalytic water splitting. The water oxidation activity of compound 1 exhibits Tafel slope equivalent to 361.48 mV.dec-1 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 353.53 mV.dec-1 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline medium while almost similar values of Tafel slope for HER and OER equivalent to 287.33 mV.dec-1 and 289.93 mV.dec-1 respectively in acidic medium. Thus, the compound 1 has excellent efficacy in catalyzing HER and OER in acidic as well as alkaline medium, which is ascribed to its distinctive 3D architecture.

Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants by Rhodococcus erythropolis KB1 synergistic with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

Petroleum hydrocarbons are a stubborn pollutant that is difficult to degrade globally, and plant-microbial degradation is the main way to solve this type of pollutant. In this study, the physiological and ecological responses of alfalfa to petroleum hydrocarbons in different concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil with KB1 (Rhodococcus erythropolis) were analyzed and determined by laboratory potting techniques. The growth of alfalfa (CK) and alfalfa with KB1 (JZ) in different concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil was compared and analyzed. The results of the CK group showed that petroleum hydrocarbons could significantly affect the activity of alfalfa antioxidant enzyme system, inhibit the development of alfalfa roots and the normal growth of plants, especially in the high-concentration group. KB1 strain had the ability to produce IAA, form biofilm, fix nitrogen, produce betaine and ACC deaminase, and the addition of KB1 could improve the growth traits of alfalfa in the soil contaminated with different concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, the content of soluble sugars in roots, and the stress resistance and antioxidant enzyme activities of alfalfa. In addition, the degradation kinetics of the strain showed that the degradation rate of petroleum could reach 75.2% after soaking with KB1. Furthermore, KB1 can efficiently degrade petroleum hydrocarbons in advance and significantly alleviate the damage of high concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons to plant roots. The results showed that KB1 strains and alfalfa plants could effectively enhance the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, which provided new ideas for improving bioremediation strategies.

The acclimatization of banana plantlets cv. Barangan Merah resulting from in vitro culture using organic medium

Barangan Merah is a potential type of banana to be developed under in vitro condition. Acclimatization is the final stage in the propagation by in vitro culture. The use of acclimatization medium from organic materials in the surrounding environment can be an alternative in acclimatization process. This study aims to obtain the optimal organic medium in acclimatization process for the growth of Barangan Merah banana seedlings resulting from in vitro culture. The planting material used plantlets from in vitro regeneration of banana cv. Barangan Merah from Tissue Culture Laboratory, Agricultural Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The experiment used the individual pot technique with the application of organic medium types, namely husk charcoal, sand, leaf litter compost, and oil palm fruit bunches compost. The results of this research showed that the highest number of seedlings that were still survive until the end of the acclimatization process was found in the husk charcoal medium (71.43%). The best seedling growth according to the increasing of leaves number, leaf size, and plant height in the acclimatization process was found in leaf litter compost medium.

Evaluation of sesamol for anxiolytic activity in 72 hours sleep deprivation model in C57BL/6 mice

Background: In our study, we explored anxiolytic activity of sesamol in C57BL/6 mice. Anxiety was induced in mice after 72 hours of sleep deprivation. Anxiety was assessed by three behavioural tests as Open field test, hole board test and light dark chamber test. Methods: In our study, sesamol was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice for anxiolytic activity. Anxiety was induced by flower pot technique, in which sleep deprivation was done in mice for 72 hours. After 72 hours of sleep deprivation, the animals were subjected to three behavioural tests, as open field test, Hole board test and Light dark chamber test. In the Open field test, parameter assessed was time spent in central square, that was considered as a measure of anxiolytic activity. In hole board test, increase in number of head dips was indicative of anxiolytic activity. Anxiety assessment was also done by light dark chamber test, where more time spent in light chamber is considered as indicative of anxiolytic activity. Results: In open field test, sesamol 20 mg/kg group, the time spent in central square was statistically significant (p<0.05) in post hoc comparison, suggesting that sesamol exhibited anxiolytic effect in animals. In hole board test, sesamol 20 mg/kg group showed significant increase (p<0.05) in number of head dips indicating its anxiolytic activity in the said model. In light dark chamber test, there is significant increase in anxiolytic activity in diazepam group as compared to control group, while not significant with sesamol in either dose in light dark chamber test. Conclusions: So, to conclude, sesamol exhibited statistically significant anxiolytic activity in the dose of 20 mg/kg in open field test and hole board test.

P42 ACUTE STENT THROMBOSIS IN CATH LAB DURING OPTIMIZED PCI: HOW TO RECOGNIZE IT AND POSSIBLE TREATMENT

Abstract Angiographic Acute Stent Thrombosis occur in 0.5%–2% of procedures.OCT–PCI or Optimized PCI represents a new approach particularly indicated in complex high thrombotic risk lesions, in patients at high bleeding risk with need for short DAPT and in the treatment of vulnerable plaques. Post–stent OCT thrombus finding was defined in previous studies as mass with diameter ≥250μm attached to the stent struts, was present until 40% of cases and is associated with definite angiographic thrombosis. Outcome of OCT thrombus is generally favorable although in about 25% there may be a progression. Case 1: 75–y smoker female with hypertension and atrial fibrillation on NOAC therapy presented in ICU with NSTEMI. At angiography: 75% stenosis focal plaque at proximal circumflex (Fig1A). At OCT vulnerable plaque: ulcerated with intimal flap < 90°, thin fibrous cap 20 µm, MLA 2.17mm² and AS 63%, intimal micro–calcifications and cholesterol crystals (Fig1C). We implanted DES with post–dilatation. Treatment was Cangrelor, heparin 100 IU/kg and ASA 250 mg ev. OCT showed acute 660 µm thrombosis of the stent body although there was perfect angiographic result (Fig1D+B). Further multiple balloon dilatation of the stent was carried out with thrombosis persistence on OCT control (Fig1E) and new appearance of multiple thromboses adhering to the intravascular side stent struts (Fig1F–G). Switch from Cangrelor to Tirofiban was done. Patient‘s clinical course was uneventful with discharge after six days on triple antithrombotic therapy with low–dose NOAC, ASA and clopidogrel.Case 2: 63–y smoker man arrived in cath lab for anterior STEMI. He had already taken ASA 300 mg ev and Ticagrelor 180 mg oral bolus about 60 minutes earlier in the ambulance. In Cath Lab was done heparin 100 IU/kg. P–PCI was performed for acute sub–occlusion (Fig2A) of the ostial DA treated by pre–dilation, DES implantation on Left Main–DA and multiple post–dilations according to the POT technique. OCT control showing extensive stent malapposition (860 µm) with evidence of multiple thromboses adhering to the stent struts on Left Main (diameter 410 µm) although there was perfect angiographic result (Fig2B–E). Procedure was optimized by adequate post–dilatation of the LM and administration of Abciximab. Patient‘s clinical course was uneventful with discharge after five days on ASA and Ticagrelor. Conclusions Post–stent OCT thrombus may guide the choice of use of Glicoprotein IIb/IIIA Inhibitors in Cath Lab.

The characteristics of hill-drop and potting techniques for growing different bean varieties in the protected ground

The research has been conducted in the experimental greenhouses of Scientific Center of Vegetable and Industrial Crops, RA in 2020-2021. Bean varieties were grown without heating during the spring vegetation period. It has been empirically established that per all growing and development indices the best results have been recorded in the local bean varieties of Zepyur (control), Gohar, Ghapan variety-population and in the foreign variety White Ruler cultivated through potting and hill-drop technique. Throughout research activities it has been disclosed that in unheated greenhouse conditions (in the spring vegetation period) the application of pot planting method has been more feasible and effective than hill-drop planting (direct-seeded plants) technique, since the former technique promotes long-lasting fruiting of plants, development of a powerful root system, foliage improvement and, ultimately, a higher yield capacity (the yield surplus was 0.9-1.2 kg/m2).

3D supramolecular assembly of Cu(II) CP containing 1D zig-zag chain and 2D paddle-wheel net: Structural elucidation and investigation of band gap

A new Cu(II) based coordination polymer (CP) [Cu3(ipa)3(4-clpy)(H2O)2][Cu(ipa)(4-clpy)2(CH3OH)]·3CH3OH (1); (H2ipa = isophthalic acid or benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid and 4-clpy = 4-chloropyridine) has been synthesized by slow diffusion method in a single pot technique. Single crystal X-ray analysis reveals that compound 1 consists of both one-dimensional (1D) zig-zag chain and two-dimensional (2D) paddle-wheel net, resulting the formation of a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular architecture via extensive hydrogen bonding, π⋯π stacking and halogen⋯π interactions. The strength of non-covalent interactions in compound 1 has been investigated by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The semiconducting nature of compound 1 was also explored by HOMO-LUMO band-gap calculation using density functional theory (DFT) computation.

Evaluation of phenol ammonium sulfate basic fuchsin and auramine O staining by pot technique for the detection of acid-fast bacilli among patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis

Introduction and Aim: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern with its high incidence and mortality. In developing countries, smear microscopy continues to be the primary diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of TB. Sputum samples processing under resource-limited settings could be hazardous, which urges safe and efficient smear microscopy techniques. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two different pot methods: Phenol ammonium sulfate (PhAS) auramine O and PhAS basic fuchsin in comparison to the conventional Auramine O method. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology with 74 sputum samples. All sputum samples were processed using the Auramine O method PhAS auramine O and PhAS basic fuchsin staining methods. Microsoft Office Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) was used to maintain and analyze all the data. Results: A total of 8 (10.7%) samples were positive for AFB and 67 (89.3%) samples were negative, according to routine auramine O method and pot methods. Pot methods showed a 100% sensitivity and specificity compared to the conventional Auramine O method. In terms of sputum smear grading, the direct smear using auramine O showed better results compared to pot methods. Conclusion: Pot methods like PhAS basic fuchsin and PhAS auramine O are efficient to detect AFB in sputum smears by reducing the risk of laboratory-acquired infections.

Organophosphate eradication by phytochemical cocktail stabilized biocompatible silver nanoparticles loaded polydopamine via peroxidase mimicking activity

• Phytochemical cocktail stabilized AgNP decorated on biopolymer polydopamine by single pot approach. • AgNP@PDA has shown peroxidase mimicking activity as a synergetic role of AgNP and PDA for TMB oxidation and •OH radical generation. • The enhanced degradation efficiency of AgNP@PDA for p -NPP via peroxidase mimicking activity than AgNP. • PDA enhanced antibacterial activity and economy of AgNP@PDA. • The improved cytocompatibility of AgNP by biocompatible PDA. Organophosphates are the nerve agent simulant structure and are classified as widely used insecticides. Their exposure turns lethal due to instant blockage of neural communication by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase enzyme. In the present study, a single pot technique was employed to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using a phytochemical cocktail of gallic acid and quercetin as reducing and stabilizing agents, decorated on the biopolymer polydopamine (PDA). The AgNP@PDA exhibits peroxidase mimicking activity mediated degradation of p -nitrophenyl phosphate ( p -NPP) an organophosphate representative at pH 7. Peroxidase mimicking activity study revealed oxidation of TMB by reducing Ag + ion generated from AgNP upon H 2 O 2 exposure. However, the H 2 O 2 upon interaction with surface AgNP produces hydroxyl anion and subsequently •OH radicals where PDA serves as an ultimate electron sink. Compared to individual components, AgNP@PDA has shown maximum p -NPP degradation efficiency ( k (AgNP@PDA) = 3.91 × 10 -2 min. −1 , k (AgNP) = 0.24 × 10 -2 min. −1 , k (H 2 O 2 ) = 0.17 × 10 -2 min. −1 ). The kinetics of AgNP@PDA for p -NPP degradation has shown well-fitted Michaelis Menten behavior with K m = 0.016 mM and V max = 2.80 × 10 -5 which is ten-fold higher than AgNP. The degradation mechanism was proposed based on electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy which suggests the breaking of the phospho-ester bond. The extent of mineralization of organic skeleton was assessed by a significant decrease in total organic carbon (TOC). The presence of PDA has improved the antibacterial activity with AgNP and cytocompatibility of AgNP@PDA than AgNP.

Cis, cis-Muconato bridged Cd(II) based linear trinuclear SBUs forming 2D MOF: Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld analysis and photoluminescence study

A Cd(II) based metal–organic framework (MOF) Cd3(cis-muco)3(2,2′-bpy)2 (1); (H2cis-muco = cis, cis-muconic acid and 2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) has been synthesized by slow diffusion method in a single pot technique. Single crystal X-ray analysis reveals that compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 27.3596(14) Å, b = 8.2557(4) Å, c = 17.7167(9) Å, β = 109.8670(10)° and V = 3763.6(3) Å3. Interestingly, compound 1 consists of trinuclear linear Cd3 secondary building units (SBUs), which are connected through cis,cis-muco ligands to give rise to a two-dimensional (2D) Shubnikov (3,6) plane net topology with Schläfli symbol 364653. Due to the presence of hydrogen bonding and π···π interactions, 2D structures further assemble to produce a three-dimensional (3D) architecture. The extent of non-covalent interactions in crystal packing was investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis. Photoluminescence spectra of the prepared compound 1 have also been obtained. The resulting compound was found to display bathocromic shifts, which can contribute towards making of a suitable luminescent probe.

Double pot technique for assessing deficiencies of potassium and sulfur on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) production in the sands of South-Central coastal Vietnam

The modified double pot technique could rapidly assess nutrient limitations for plant growth in the soil. This technology could be utilized in Vietnam and other parts of Asia to conduct systematic soil screenings in order to predict nutrient deficits and manage nutrients appropriately for long-term agricultural development. The double-pot experiments with peanut as a test plant were conducted in the spring season of 2019 in Thua Thien Hue province, Central Vietnam to identify limiting nutrients for peanut growth on different sandy soils. Two experiments with twelve treatments per site, including three factors (2 sandy soil types, 2 soil layers, and 3 nutrient solutions), were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that peanut plant dry matter and shoot nutrient concentration responses in the double-pot experiment had the lowest values of K nutrient omission in all studied sandy soil types (1.7–2.5 g/plant and plant K< 0.16%; plant S<0.02%). By this technique, the nutrient-limiting nutrients in the peanut sandy soils were identified as K>S. Further research is needed to develop integrated nutrient management approaches to overcome these deficiencies and also minimise the cost of inputs.

Nutrient Deficiencies Are Key Constraints to Grain Legume Productivity on “Non-responsive” Soils in Sub-Saharan Africa

Leguminous plants are known to require phosphorus fertilizers and inoculation with nitrogen fixing rhizobia for optimum yield but other nutrients may also be lacking. In this study, the most limiting nutrients for legume growth were determined in soils where the crops had not responded to P and rhizobial inoculation in field trials, using the double pot technique. Soils were collected from 17 farmers' fields in West Kenya, Northern Nigeria, Eastern and Southern Rwanda, South-west and North-west Sierra Leone. Plant growth and mean biomass were measured on soils to which a full nutrient solution, containing phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S) and micronutrients (MN) were added, and which were compared to a control (no nutrient added), and individual omissions of each nutrient. The relationship between soil properties and nutrient deficiencies was explored. Nutrient limitations were found to differ between soils, both within and across countries. Generally, each soil was potentially deficient in at least one nutrient, with K, P, Mg, MN and S emerging as most limiting in 88, 65, 59, 18, and 12% of tested soils, respectively. While K was the most limiting nutrient in soils from Kenya and Rwanda, P was most limiting in soils from Nigeria. P and K were equally limiting in soils from Sierra Leone. Mg was found limiting in two soils from Kenya and three soils from Rwanda and one soil each in Nigeria and Sierra Leone. Micronutrients were found to be limiting in one soil from Nigeria and one soil from Rwanda. Estimates of nutrient deficiency using growth and mean biomass were found to be correlated with each other although the latter proved to be a more sensitive measure of deficiency. With few exceptions, the relation between soil parameters and nutrient deficiencies was weak and there were no significant relations between deficiency of specific nutrients and the soil content of these elements. Although our results cannot be translated directly to the field, they confirm that individual and multiple nutrient deficiencies were common in these “non-responsive” soils and may have contributed to reported low yields. This highlights the need for balanced nutrition in legume production in SSA.

Supramolecular Assembly of a Terpyridyl based Binuclear Cu(II) Complex and its DNA Docking Study

ABSTRACT A terpyridyl-based binuclear Cu(II) complex, formulated as [Cu2(tpy)2(muco)(NO3)2], (1) (typ = 2,2’;6’,2”-terpyridine and H2-muco = trans, trans-muconic acid) was synthesised in a single pot technique using slow evaporation method. Blue coloured distorted octahedral-shaped crystals were obtained after a day. Synthesised compound has been characterised by elemental analysis as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) techniques. Hirshfeld surface analysis has been explored to check out the nature of intermolecular interactions and packing modes of compounds in the crystalline state. From the docking study, it has been found that the metal complex bind to the major groove of DNA and the planner aromatic pyridine ring of the ligand partially intercalate into the base pairs.

Software-Defined Security Architecture for a Smart Home Networks Using Token Sharing Mechanism

Background: Several approaches were proposed earlier to provide a secure infrastructure dependent communication in a smart home network. Some used overlay networks, some used lightweight encryption techniques, and some used honey pot techniques. However, all the approaches are vulnerable to network attacks due to the dependency on the device and server, and due to centralization, there exists a higher chance of attacks. Objective: To develop a security architecture that is more resilient to cyber-attacks and less dependent on any complex network parameter, i.e. an encryption algorithm or an overlay network. Methods: Authentication module along with squid performs token generation, and monitoring module helps devices to communicate with each other. The integrity protection module performs data integrity and the expiration of token is performed by the access module with the clock. Our approach meets with all the security aspects of a smart home network. Results: The analysis of our secure architecture showed that this architecture provides more flexibility, robustness in terms of Load Balancing, Network Lifetime maximization, Failure Management, Energy efficiency, Link quality, and heterogeneity of the network as compared to other existing security policies or architecture. Conclusion: The proposed framework ensures and improves all the security requirements for a smart home network. Token-based authentication is much secure and robust as compared to traditional approaches. This framework is suited for secure communication in a smart home environment, but it lacks for controlling zero-day attacks. In the future, we will improve its resilience against the zero-day attacks and also enhance security features in the current architecture.

Sleep Deprivation Models in Rodents

Sleep deprivation has been identified as a risk factor for various diseases. Number of patients suffering from sleep deprivation is increasing daily, subsequently, increasing the risk to develop various diseases including cardiovascular disease. However, there is a limitation to elucidate the pathophysiological changes following sleep deprivation in human. Thus, the need arises for sleep deprivation models using animal, which will serve the purpose of understanding the disease in a better way. Several techniques have been developed to model sleep deprivation in animals, including the inverted flower pot and multiple platforms techniques. Genetic and environmental factors, cost, infrastructure, and animal life spans are some of the factors need to be considered when choosing a particular model. Besides, when studying sleep deprivation, tissue samples like peripheral blood, brain samples and aorta are used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of a particular disease. Currently, more than ninety percent of all laboratory animal experiments are conducted in rats and mice. This review article focuses on sleep deprivation models in Rodents, which are generally used in research labs. The article also tries to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the technique discussed, also gives guidance toward the sleep deprivation model and helps researchers in deciding a particular model for their own purpose. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-04

Mixed POT-BM Approach for Modeling Unhealthy Air Pollution Events.

This article proposes a novel data selection technique called the mixed peak-over-threshold–block-maxima (POT-BM) approach for modeling unhealthy air pollution events. The POT technique is employed to obtain a group of blocks containing data points satisfying extreme-event criteria that are greater than a particular threshold u. The selected groups are defined as POT blocks. In parallel with that, a declustering technique is used to overcome the problem of dependency behaviors that occurs among adjacent POT blocks. Finally, the BM concept is integrated to determine the maximum data points for each POT block. Results show that the extreme data points determined by the mixed POT-BM approach satisfy the independent properties of extreme events, with satisfactory fitted model precision results. Overall, this study concludes that the mixed POT-BM approach provides a balanced tradeoff between bias and variance in the statistical modeling of extreme-value events. A case study was conducted by modeling an extreme event based on unhealthy air pollution events with a threshold u > 100 in Klang, Malaysia.

One-pot synthesis of highly magnetic and stable citrate coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by modified coprecipitation method

Highly stable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) prepared through a modified one-pot coprecipitation technique using citrate as a surfactant and capping agent. The result of the as-synthesized citrate–SPION via a one-pot technique is compared with peptized SPION synthesized via the coprecipitation method. Formation of citrate–SPION is characterized using transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared, zeta potential, and vibrating sample magnetometer. XRD result reveals that the citrate does not affect the crystalline structure and purity of the SPION. Zeta potential of the citrate–SPION and the peptized SPION is −44 mV and 38.4 mV, respectively. Similarly, the saturation magnetization values of citrate–SPION and peptized SPION are 53.9 emu g−1 and 43.8 emu g−1, respectively. The results show that the citrate–SPION prepared by modified a one pot technique has a higher saturation magnetization and is more stable than the peptized SPION.

A study on the adaption of the Vibra polygraph : POT technique applied to Vibra polygraph

본 연구는 진술의 진위여부를 탐지하기 위해 사용하고 있는 폴리그래프검사기법 중 긴장절정검사기법(POT-Test)을 비대면 비접촉 측정 방식의 바이브라폴리그래프 검사방법에 적용함으로써 코로나바이러스 감염증-19 (COVID-19)에서의 기존 폴리그래프 검사방법의 한계를 극복하고자 하였다. 폴리그래프검사는 센서장비를 피검사자의 몸에 부착하여 호흡반응, 피부전류저항, 혈압 및 맥박을 측정한다. 그러나 바이브라 폴리그래프검사는 얼굴 부위를 촬영하여 전정기관(평형감각을 담당)에서의 미세한 움직임을 시각화하여 인간의 감정 상태를 측정 한다. 이 연구는 코로나바이러스 감염증-19(COVID-19)으로 인하여 접촉식 폴리그래프 검사방법을 대신하거나, 기존 검사장비와 보완 사용할 수 있다. 비접촉과비대면 검사 시스템의 보완이 요구되는 시점에 본 연구는 아주 유용하게 활용될 것으로 판단된다.The purpose of this study is to overcome the limitations of existing polygraph testing methods in COVID-19 pandemic by applying Peak of Tension Test(POT-Test) to the Vibra polygraph testing, which is non-contact type in order to detect the lie. The polygraph test measures the heart rate/blood pressure, respiration, and skin conductivity by attaching the sensor equipment to the body of the examinee. However, the Vibra polygraph test takes a photograph of the face area and visualizes the subtle motion in the vestibular system (which is responsible for equilibrium) with more than 28 parameters to measure the emotional state. This study may be used as a substitute for or supplement to conventional testing equipment in COVID-19 pandemic. At a time when non-contact and non-face-to-face inspection systems need to be supplemented, it is considered that this study will be used very effectively

The impact of sleep deprivation on sexual behaviors and FAAH expression in the prefrontal cortex of male rats

Sleep deprivation (SD) causes alterations in the function of the endocannabinoid (EC) system and also results in alteration in many behaviors such as increased anxiety, deteriorated alertness, memory deficits, as well as sexual behaviors. Controversial data about the effects of SD on sexual response are provided. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzymes involved in the degradation of the EC system play an important role in the function of the EC system. This study aimed to investigate the effect of REM SD (RSD) and total SD (TSD) on the sexual behaviors and FAAH expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of male rats. RSD was carried out through the flower pot technique for 24 h and 48 h, and TSD also was induced by keeping awake the rats by gentle handling for 6 h. Immediately after RSD and TSD, sexual behaviors were recorded for 45 min. Sexual behaviors were reduced by both types of RSD and TSD. The deleterious effects of 24 h RSD were more severe compared with 6 h of TSD. Serum testosterone concentration was significantly higher after TSD but not RSD compared to the normal sleep (NS) group. FAAH expression in the PFC was significantly reduced after both RSD and TSD compared to the NS group. Given that the function of the EC system has been previously shown to change different behaviors such as sexual activity, our results could suggest that behavioral effects of both types of SD on sexual behavior may partially result from activation of this signaling pathway by the reduction of FAAH in the PFC.