Post-test Of Experimental Group Research Articles

Pengaruh Stimulasi Janin dan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini terhadap Bonding Attachment

Fetal stimulation and early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) have great benefits for the baby's development. This study aims to examine the effect of fetal stimulation and IMD on attachment bonding. This research used a quasi-experimental design, posttest only control design. The experimental group consisted of carrying out fetal stimulation by pregnant women and IMD, while the control group consisted of IMD. Post test to measure bonding attachment. Research location at PMB Wiwik Sumarni, Wonogiri, Central Java in November 2022 – April 2023. Purposive sampling technique with 15 per group. Respondents: Pregnant women with gestational age > 24 weeks were normal and were observed until the IMD process. The result of the independent t-test is significant with a p value of 0.002 (<0.05), the experimental group's posttest score have a lower mean value of 21.60 compared to the control group of 32.67, both groups are in the strong attachment bonding category. ANACOVA results of fetal stimulation and IMD have an attachment bonding score 7 points lower than the control group (b = -7; 95% CI; -13 to -1; p < 0.001). Adjusted R2 = 48.1%. In conclusion, there is an influence of fetal stimulation and IMD on bonding attachment.

Use of Drilling Method to Improve Students’ Vocabulary Mastery

This research focused on applying the drilling method to improve students’ vocabulary mastery at HKBP Kompas Indah. The drilling method is a method carried out by the teachers so that students can remember the new language items they have learned. With a quantitative approach and experimental research design, the researchers used pre-tests and post-tests. The participants involved were divided into control group and experimental group. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the pre-test and post-test scores in the experimental group. In contrast, the scores in control group had a decline from pre-test to post test. The mean score of post-test experimental group (89) was higher than pre- test experimental group (74). Therefore, the drilling method was effective to improve students’ vocabulary mastery at Sunday school HKBP Kompas Indah.

Effect of Video Modeling With Simulation on Improving Menstrual Hygiene Skills for Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background Menstruation is a biological process experienced by women every month. This project intends to improve menstrual hygiene skills using video modeling with simulation. Educating adolescent girls with autism spectrum disorder to engage in personal care during their menstrual cycle, particularly sanitation and hygiene, is essential. It is important to develop the knowledge and skills necessary for effective self-care during menstruation to prevent sexual health problems. Additionally, the project aims to provide a safe environment for adolescents to practice their menstrual hygiene routines and relieve the stress from their caregivers. Aimand objective The study aims to evaluate the effect of video modeling with simulation to improve menstrual hygiene skills in adolescents with autism. The ultimate objective of the study is to determine whether video modeling with simulation in the experimental group enhances the practice of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls with autism, as well as the impact of traditional occupational therapy intervention on improving menstrual hygiene in this population. Methodology This is a quasi-experimental design with convenience sampling and selected samples (n=50), who were then split into two groups: an experimental group (n=25) and a control group (n=25) based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The experimental group received video modeling and simulation, while the control group did not receive any specific intervention except parent education and pictorial representations. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to measure the changes. Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism was the screening tool used and the Menstrual Practice Needs Scale (MNPS) was administered. The duration of the study was six months, three sessions per week, lasting 45 minutes to an hour each. The statistical analysis was done with significance at a 1% alpha level using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results The pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney test. The results demonstrated the comparison of the pre-test and post-test mean scores of the MNPS scores were highly statistically significant (p-value of 0.000) when compared to the control group. Following the implementation of video modeling with simulation, the experimental group's post-test scores were significantly higher than the control group's (p-value of 0.000). Thus, the study showed that video modeling with simulation improved menstrual hygiene in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Conclusion The clinical significance of this study was that the adolescents were excited to watch the videos and perform the activities; furthermore, after video modeling with simulation was implemented, there was a significant improvement in the experimental group when compared to the control group. This enhances the practice of the menstrual hygiene skills independently by the adolescents. Video modeling with simulation has paved the way for improving menstrual hygiene in adolescents with autism. Although the findings from the study are positive, more clinical trials are needed to prove that video modeling with simulation can be used as a therapeutic modality.

The Role of Using Chunks on Iraqi EFL University Students' Performance in Conversation

The current study aims at investigating the role of using chunks on EFL university students performance in conversation and sentential level in posttest and finding out whether there is any significant difference between the achievement of the experimental group in the pre and post-test. This study is hypothesized that ,there is no statistically significant difference between the mean score of the experimental group which taught according to chunks activity and control group which is taught by the conventional method in the post-test. The second hypothesis is that there is no statistical significant difference among the mean scores of the experimental group in post-test. The third hypothesis is that there is no significant difference between the mean scores of students' experimental group achievement in the pre and posttest. The sample of the current study consists of (120) students of third class. They are derived from Collage for Woman in Tikrit University during academic year (2022-2023). They are divided into two groups. Group A which has been randomly chosen as an experimental group and B have been chosen as a control group, each group consists of 60 students. Both groups have been equalized in many variables which are fathers and mothers' educational level, their age, their scores at the previous year, and pretest for both groups. Both groups have been equalized in many variables which are fathers and mothers' educational level, Pupils age, their scores at the previous year, and pretest for both groups. The experiment has lasted for six weeks and the researcher has taught the two groups in the first course of the year(2022-2023)to analyze data that obtained from students' posttests. To fulfill the aims of this study, an experiment has been designed. The two groups have been taught the same instructional material , for a period of six weeks. The experimental group has been taught according to chunks activity while the control group has been taught according to the traditional way. An achievement test has been constructed , validated, and applied to the two involved groups .The required data has been collected and analyzed statistically . Results indicate that there is a statistical significance difference in mean scores of the experimental group who taught according to chunks activity and the control group who is taught by using traditional method. This indicates that using chunks effective than using traditional method. Finally, the study ends with some conclusions, recommendation and suggestions for further studies..

A study to assess the effectiveness of reiki therapy on pain and anxiety among critically ill women admitted in selected hospital, Tiruvannamalai

Introduction: Reiki therapy is a hands-on healing technique that transmits universal energy from the Reiki practitioner to the person receiving the treatment. The aim of the study was a quasi-experimental study was carried out in government medical college and hospital at Tiruvannamalai to evaluate the effectiveness of reiki therapy on pain and anxiety among critically ill women’s. 60 subjects were selected by using non-probability convenience sampling technique and the sample was equally divided into experimental & control group (30 in each group). Results: In experimental group, pain pretest mean score was 7.13 with SD± 2.01 and post-test mean score was 3.43 with SD± 1.90. The calculated paired‘t’test is t=13.17. In control group, pre-test mean score was 7.23 with SD±1.81and post-test mean score was 7.40 with SD± 1.86 the calculated paired ‘t’ test is t=1.30. In anxiety, experimental group pre-test mean score was 19.90 with SD± 6.87 and post-test mean score was 11.83with SD±6.27and the calculated paired ‘ t’ test is t=13 where as in control group, pre-test mean score was 20.20with SD± 5.38 and post-test mean score was 20.83 with SD± 5.45 the calculated paired ‘t’ test is t=0. In experimental group, pain pre-test mean score was 7.13 with SD± 2.01 and control group mean score was 7.23 with SD± 1.81. The calculated Unpaired “t” value is t=0.13. The post-test mean score was 3.43 with SD± 1.90 and the post mean score was 7.40 with SD± 1.86. The calculated unpaired “t” value was t=8.14. Where as in anxiety experimental group pre-test mean score was 19.90 with SD± of 6.82 and the control group mean score was 20.20with SD±5.38. The calculated Unpaired “t” value is t=0.02. In experimental group post-test mean score was 11.83 with the SD± 6.27 and in control group mean score was 20.83 with SD± 5.45. Conclusion: The findings revealed that, the effectiveness of reiki therapy was statistically tested and found to be statistically significant at p<0.001 level then the control group. Therefore reiki therapy is beneficial to reduce the pain and anxiety of critically ill women’s.

Improving the Cardiovascular Endurance of Teacher Education Students through the Utilization of the TikTok Application

Driven by the widespread usage of mobile applications, the expansive development of TikTok application has carried considerable challenges and opportunities to the Physical Education industry. Hence, it is imperative to examine the usefulness of this application to mitigate the low cardiovascular endurance of college students since the conduct of research to improve their physical activity engagement is still significant. Thus, this action research sought to improve the cardiovascular endurance of undergraduate teacher education students using the TikTok application as a tool for their physical activity. This study utilized a quantitative approach, specifically, the pretest-post-test design which is classified as quasi-experimental research. Using the normative data from YMCA 3-minute step test, 50 participants from the Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) enrolled in their physical education classes were determined to be qualified based on their pre-test scorecards. Two groups were formed out of them: 25 in the experimental group who were exposed to the intervention and another 25 in the control group who were instructed using the standard discussion. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA-type test analysis were utilized using participants' pre-test and post-test results to ascertain the efficacy of the intervention. Results unveiled that the intervention has significantly improved the experimental group's post-test scores compared to the control group since the post-test results of the control group remained almost stagnant, indicating the intervention's effectiveness by rejecting the null hypothesis. Therefore, this action research inferred that the intervention has efficiently strengthened the cardiovascular endurance of the 1st year BEEd students.

A Study on ChatGPT-4 as an Innovative Approach to Enhancing English as a Foreign Language Writing Learning

The field of computer-assisted language learning has recently brought about a notable change in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing. Starting from October 2022, students across different academic fields have increasingly depended on ChatGPT-4 as a helpful resource for addressing particular challenges in EFL writing. This study aimed to investigate the use and acceptance of ChatGPT-4 in students’ EFL writing. To this end, an experiment was conducted with 76 undergraduate students from a private school in Algeria. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups: experimental group (n = 37) and control group (n = 39). Additionally, a questionnaire was administered. The results showed that the experimental group (EG) outperformed the control group (CG). Besides, the findings revealed that students in the EG in post-test outperformed their pre-test scores. The findings also revealed substantial improvements in the EG’s views of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitudes, and behavioral intention. According to the results, ChatGPT-4 helped boost students' EFL writing skills, which ultimately led to their acceptance. Students appear particularly interested in ChatGPT-4 because of its potential usefulness in putting what they learn about EFL writing into practice. Some suggestions and recommendations were provided.

Examining the Impact of Dramatization Simulation on Nursing Students’ Ethical Attitudes: A Mixed-Method Study

AbstractThis research investigated how dramatization simulation affected nursing students' ethical attitudes. Most nurses and nursing students encounter ethical issues in their healthcare practices. Students who receive an education in ethics are better equipped to solve ethical problems, develop ethical sensitivity, and adopt an ethical attitude. Dramatization simulation, which has recently been applied in nursing education, is said to be an effective teaching method. A mixed-method approach was employed in the research. The sample consisted of 60 students enrolled in the final year of the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences at a State university. Students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, the dramatization simulation method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training method. The data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Ethical Principles Attitude Scale, and Semi-Structured Focus Group Interview Form. SPSS 22 software was used to analyze the quantitative data, and Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis and MAXQDA 2020 software were used to analyze the qualitative data. The post-test total score of the group ethical attitude scale for the students in the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05). Additionally, the students in the experimental group's post-test Ethical Attitude Scale total score outperformed those in the control group statistically significantly (p < 0.05). The following themes were found: (1) perspectives on dramatization simulation and (2) perspectives on ethical attitude. To help nursing students develop ethical attitudes, we recommend using dramatization simulation as a teaching method. In addition, we recommend that this study be conducted in larger sample groups and on different topics. The recommendations were explored in more detail in the article.

Effectiveness of Lib-Rungog: Audiobook on the Listening Comprehension Skills of Grade 7 Learners: Basis for Intervention Program

This study investigates the impact of the Lib-RUNGOG Audiobook intervention on the listening comprehension skills of Grade 7 students. Employing a randomized pre-test post-test control group design, the study compares the performance of an experimental group exposed to the audiobook intervention with a control group utilizing traditional listening strategies. The research instruments include a Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE)-integrated audiobook, pre-test, and post-test items. Data analysis involves t-tests for independent and correlated samples, with a significance level of 0.05. The findings reveal a significant improvement in the experimental group's post-test scores, emphasizing the efficacy of the Lib-RUNGOG Audiobook intervention. In contrast, the control group employing conventional strategies shows no significant improvement. A comparison between the two groups suggests that, on average, the Lib-RUNGOG audiobook intervention yields higher post-test scores. However, the intervention group exhibits a greater variability in scores, emphasizing the need for nuanced understanding of individual responses. In conclusion, the Lib-RUNGOG Audiobook intervention demonstrates a substantial positive impact on reading comprehension skills. While both approaches were effective, the innovative audiobook intervention stands out in enhancing academic performance. The study recommends the integration of such interventions in educational settings, with a focus on individualized learning plans. Future research should explore the long-term effects and establish collaborations among teachers, parents, and researchers to optimize educational strategies, especially in the context of listening skills.

The Effect of Kahoot! On Junior Secondary School Students’ Vocabulary Mastery: An Experimental Study

The aimed of this research to investigate the significant effect of Kahoot application towards students vocabulary mastery at the eighth grade of MTs Al-Mu’min Cikeusik, Pandeglang academic year 2023/2024. This research was quantitative approach with quasi-experimental design. The research paper used the quantitative approach and quasi-experimental design. This research was conducted from July-august, The technique in choosing the sample is cluster random sampling; and the researcher has chosen two classes are a control class and an experimental class This research consisted of two variables namely Kahoot application media as independent variable and students vocabulary mastery as dependent variable, using pre-test and post-test control group design. The population of this research was eighth grade of MTs Al-Mu’min Cikeusik consisted of 42 students divided into two class. the sample of this research were VIII A (22 students) as experimental class and VIII B (20 students) as control class. In the Collecting data technique, the researcher gives pre-test and post-test. The score pre-test of control group are 1,210, the score pre-test of experimental class are 1,475. Then, the score post-test of control group are 1,405, the score post-test of experimental group are 1,850. To collect the data, the researcher used SPSS version 29. to know whether was any significant effect students’ vocabulary mastery, between the students who are taught by using Kahoot application as media and who are not. Therefore, From the explanation above, it can be concluded that Kahoot application an effective media for English teaching-learning. The result of this research showed that the students who were taught by using Kahoot! game got better score than the students who were taught by using traditional method. The researcher has found the result of Significant two-tailed = 0.001 < α 0.05.

The Impact of Philosophizing Training on Students' Inquisitiveness and Creative Thinking

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of philosophizing training on the inquisitiveness and creative thinking of sixth-grade students in Bushehr County. Methodology: This research method was among quasi-experimental studies. The statistical population consisted of 4,263 sixth-grade students in Bushehr County. The sample size included 40 students, obtained through cluster random sampling. The tools for data collection in this study were the Heydari Inquisitiveness Questionnaire (2013) and the Wiles and Dowell Creative Thinking Questionnaire (2002). The obtained data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate covariance analysis. Findings: The findings showed that the adjusted mean score of the inquisitiveness variable in the experimental group's post-test stage was higher than that of the control group. Therefore, it can be said that philosophizing training led to an increase in the inquisitiveness of the experimental group compared to the control group, indicating the positive impact of philosophizing training on the inquisitiveness of the experimental group relative to the control group. Additionally, the adjusted mean score of the creative thinking variable in the experimental group's post-test stage was higher than that of the control group. Therefore, it can be said that philosophizing training led to an increase in the creative thinking of the experimental group compared to the control group, indicating the positive impact of philosophizing training on the creative thinking of the experimental group relative to the control group. Conclusion: Therefore, philosophizing training were effective for improving inquisitiveness and creative thinking in sixth-grade students.

Negotiating Employment Contracts: An Experimental Study

Contracts are important for employment in any organization. In order to reach a common point of agreement, both employer and employees’ negotiate important aspects of the contract. Objective of this study are: to find out sources of conflict during employment contracts and to eradicate or minimize the conflict by means of negotiations. In current study, negotiating contracts of employment is investigated through experimental research methodology. Data about negotiating employment contracts are collected through structured observations from Pre-test and Post-test experimental groups. Analysis of the collected data is done through one-sample T-test the results of which and the P-value showed that important concepts are included in structured observations about negotiating employment contracts. It is concluded that pay is an important factor in negotiating employment contracts. It is recommended that such negotiations may be used in other types of contracts like business contracts, and other methods can be used in such studies.

Effects of K-W-L Instructional Strategy on Academic Performance of Pupils in Primary Mathematics and English in Owerri North Lga of Imo State, Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to find out if learners taught algebraic expression/elementary statistics in Mathematics and parts of speech in English Language using K-W-L instructional strategy will have better academic performance than those taught with the conventional Teacher method at 0.05 alpha levels. The researchers used quasi-experimental design which adopted the pretest, post-test Experimental group method. The area of study was Owerri North LGA Imo State, Nigeria. The population of the study was all Primary 5 learners in Owerri North Public schools. Purposive sampling technique was used to select three primary schools and simple random sampling technique was used to select classes in each of the schools. The sample of the study was 120 primary learners. The data collection instruments for the study were treatment 1 (K-W-L instructional strategies), treatment 2, (TCM [Teacher conventional method), Treatment 3 (combined TCM & K-W-L), multiple-choice questions for each subject chosen from past FSLCE and Common entrance questions. Two research questions and one null hypothesis guided the study. Mean, standard deviation and ANCOVA were the statistical tools used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that the group taught with combined TCM & K-W-L achieved higher academically than the group taught with only TCM or K-W-L. The study also discovered that K-W-L instructional strategy is gender friendly. It was recommended that primary school teachers should be encouraged to use K-W-L instructional strategy to facilitate learners’ performance in algebraic expression, elementary statistics and parts of speech. Furthermore Basic Education Stake holders should organize regular workshops and seminars to train and retrain teachers on the use of 21st century teaching strategies.

Implementing Applications for Formative Assessment to Enhance Teacher Competence in Learning Assessment

Abstract: Implementing formative assessment applications in learning assessment within the Merdeka curriculum can increase teacher proficiency in administering assessments. This study examines the impact of formative assessment applications on teacher competency in Merdeka curriculum learning assessment. This study employed an experimental design with 20 instructors from SMA Muhammadiyah 6 Yogyakarta, separated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group utilized formative assessment applications, whereas the control group relied on conventional assessment techniques. The results indicated that the use of formative assessment applications could substantially improve (p 0.05) teacher competence in Merdeka curriculum learning assessment. The experimental group's post-test mean was higher than the control group's. In addition, instructors consider using formative assessment more effective and efficient. This finding has significant implications for the future development of the Merdeka curriculum learning assessment system.

Effectiveness of Play Therapy on anxiety during Nebulization among under five children at selected primary health centres, Thiruvannamalai

The study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of play therapy on anxiety during nebulization among under five children at selected primary health centres, Thiruvannamalai. The research approach used for the study is Quantitative evaluative research approach. The result shows that samples in experimental group during posttest, 11(36.7%) children had no anxiety and 16(53.3%) of them had mild anxiety. In control group 23(76.7%) children had moderate anxiety and 5(16.7%) had severe anxiety. A significant difference was found in the post test mean values (11.57) of level of anxiety among children in experimental and control group (26.37), so the mean difference 14.8 was a true difference and the standard deviation of posttest of experimental group was 4.57 and control group was 5.51. The calculated unpaired‘t’ 11.3 was highly significant than the table value 3.46 at 0.05 level. Hence the research hypothesis H1 was retained. Hence it was inferred that play therapy was more effective in reducing the level of anxiety among children undergoing nebulization. (p<0.005level).

The Use of Dialogue-Games toward English-Speaking Ability of German Language Students

The objectives of this research were to find out whether or not the use of dialogue-games effective for English-speaking ability of German Language Students and to find out whether or not the use of dialogue-games enhances the interest of English-speaking ability of German Language Students. The research conducted a Pre-Experimental design (One Group Pretest - Posttest Study) with only one group (experimental group). The group consisted of 20 students, where the sample was taken by using random sampling technique. The data obtained through the test were analysed by using inferential statistics through IBM SPSS 25.0 version. In conducting the research, the researcher applied dialogue-games to see its effectiveness for students’ English-speaking skill which covered the three components of speaking when the students did the test. They were accuracy, fluency and comprehensibility. Besides, the researcher used questionnaire to see the students’ interest of their English-speaking ability. The research result showed that there was an increase on the students’ English-speaking ability between pre-test and post-test in experimental group after the treatment. Then, it is concluded that dialogue-games were able to give higher contribution to the speaking skill. It was proven by the result of inferential statistics in testing the students’ score either in pre-test and post-test. Based on the result of the data analysis there was a difference between the result of pre-test and post-tes of experimental group, where the mean score of post-tests of experimental group was 6.22 which was higher than the mean score of pre-tests that in only 2.92. The final score of t-test value in speaking skill was higher than the t-table value (6.750 > 1.991). In other words, Hᵢ was accepted and Hₒ was rejected. Furthermore, the data that were collected from the questionnaire showed that the students were interested in English-speaking ability from the treatment in scale of 82 mean score which was categorized as interested.

The Effect of Board Race Game Towards Students’ Vocabulary Mastery At The Eighth Grade Students of MTs Nurul Hidayah Malingping Lebak Banten in Academic Year 2023/2024

This This study aimed to investigate The Effect of Board Race Game Towards Students’ Vocabulary Mastery at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Nurul Hidayah Malingping Lebak Banten in Academic Year 2023/2024. The research uses quantitative approach and quasi-experimental design. This study used two classes, they are control class and the experimental class. The technique used for collecting sampling is purpose sampling; the researcher uses class VIII A (20 students) as the control class and class VIII B (20 students) as the experimental class. The experimental class was given treatment board race game, while the control group was given treatment guessing game. In data collection technique, the researcher performs pre-test and post-test. The control group's pre-test score was 1044, while the experimental group's pre-test score was 1184. The control group's post-test score was 1250, while the experimental group's post-test score was 1387. During the process to analyze the data, the researcher used the SPSS 25 statistical calculation method and used the post-test results of both the control and experimental classes to analyze and test the hypothesis. The researcher finds the results Two-sided significance = 0.000 < α 0.05. Therefore, the researcher concludes that board race use has a significant impact on students' vocabulary mastery in MTs Nurul Hidayah Malingping Lebak Banten.

The Effect of Riddles Game Toward Student’s Vocabulary Mastery At The Eighth Grade of SMPN 1 Cihara Lebak Banten Academic Year 2023/2024

This research aims to investigate a significant Effect of Riddle Game Toward Student's Vocabulary Mastery at the Eighth Grade of SMPN 1 Cihara Lebak Banten in Academic Year 2023/2024. The research used the quantitative approach and quasi-experimental design. This research used two classes, they are control class and experimental class. The technique in choosing the sample is cluster random sampling, the researcher used VIII A (34 students) as experimental class and VIII B (33 students) as control class. The experimental group was taught by Riddle Game, while the control group was taught by Crassword Puzzle Game. In the technique Collecting of the data, the researcher gives pre-test and post-test. The score pre-test of control group are 2274, the score pre-test of experimental class are 2324. Then, the score post-test of control group are 2552, the score post-test of experimental group are 2842. In analyzing the data, the researcher used SPSS 25 statistical computation and used the result of the post-test both control class and experimental class to analyze the hypotheses test. The finding showed that the result of Significant two-tailed = 0.000 Therefore, the researcher concluded that the usage of Riddle Game has a significant impact on students vocabulary mastery in SMPN 1 Cihara Lebak Banten.

Improving students’ ability in reading comprehension by using herringbone technique

The goal of this research is to find out if herringbone technique significantly affects to the tenth-grade students in comprehending recount text at SMA Swasta Kampus Nommensen Pematangsiantar. This research is quantitative research with quasi experimental research design. The sample of for this research is taken from two classes namely experimental class (X-3) consist of 30 students that used herringbone technique and control class (X-2) consist of 30 students that used conventional technique selected by purposive sampling. The instruments for collecting data is reading comprehension test. The test is divided into two parts, namely the pre-test and the post-test, which are given to each sample. The researcher finds the total mean score of post-test in experimental group is 79,45 and the total mean score post-test in the control group is 72,22. After calculating the data from all points, the t-test score is 2,120. Then, the researcher consulted the value on the t-table, which has a significance of 5% and the value is 1,672. Therefore, the researcher finds that t-test is higher than the t-table (2,120 > 1,672). It can be concluded that Ha ­is accepted while Ho is rejected. The use of Herringbone Technique is significantly affect to the tenth-grade students in comprehending recount text at SMA Swasta Kampus Nommensen Pematangsiantar. Herringbone technique helps students to improve reading comprehension in developing main idea and finding detail information from the text.

Effect of curry leaves in lowering blood pressure among hypertensive Indian patients

Hypertension, commonly known as high or rising blood pressure, is characterized by a consistently elevated blood arterial pressure. It is a significant medical condition called hypertension raises your risk of developing problems with your heart, brain, kidneys, and other organs. Curry leaves work well as a treatment for high blood pressure. Curry leaves are thought to have a potent therapeutic impact for the treatment of high blood pressure since they are low in salt and high in potassium. Therefore, it is of interest to reduce the level of blood pressure among adults in rural area with the help of curry leaves. According to the statistical analysis, the experimental group's post-test mean score for hypertension was 155 with a standard deviation of 13.892 while the control group's post-test mean score was 162 with a standard deviation of 17.20. The estimated unpaired value of t = 11.07 was deemed to be statistically significant at the p 0.05 level and the mean difference was 7. As a result, the null hypothesis was rejected and the research hypothesis was accepted. Giving Curry leaf powder to patients with hypertension as a consequence was an effective intervention.